Selected messages in Nova-Roma group. Oct 18-27, 2006

Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46440 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2006-10-18
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46441 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Many thanks,
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46442 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46443 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46444 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46445 From: Lucius Iunius Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46446 From: M·C·C· Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Edictum Propraetoricium XLVI (Complutensis XXI) de Designatione Pra
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46447 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: a.d. XIV Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46448 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46450 From: M.J. Cope (Cincinnatus) Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: ARMILUSTIUM
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46451 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: ARMILUSTIUM
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46452 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Mediatlantica Provincial Praetorian Edict III
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46453 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46454 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46455 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Absence
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46456 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46457 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46458 From: Timothy P. Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46459 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46460 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46461 From: drumax.tribal Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46462 From: Lucius Iunius Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46463 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key words?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46464 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46465 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key words?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46466 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46467 From: Lucius Arminius Faustus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Lucius Arminius Faustus for Consul of Nova Roma
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46468 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key ...
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46469 From: Lucius Arminius Faustus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46470 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46471 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key ...
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46472 From: Kirsteen Wright Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46473 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46474 From: os390account Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: about the discussion about number of laws
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46475 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: a.d. XIII Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46476 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Off Topic: Egyptian Khepesh for sale
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46477 From: M.J. Cope (Cincinnatus) Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46478 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46479 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Armilustrum [was Digest Number 2643]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46480 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46481 From: drumax Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Off Topic: Egyptian Khepesh for sale
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46482 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46483 From: Quintus Suetonius Paulinus (Michael Kell Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46484 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46485 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46486 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46487 From: Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46488 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46489 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46490 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46491 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46492 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46493 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46494 From: Flavius Vedius Germanicus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46495 From: Tita Artoria Marcella Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46496 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Gratulationes
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46497 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46498 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: a.d. XII Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46499 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46500 From: J. Einarson Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Roman Calendar Orders?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46501 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Funding Nova Roma [was The Sacrifice Fund]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46502 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Roman Calendar Orders?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46503 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Funding Nova Roma [was The Sacrifice Fund]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46504 From: Flavius Vedius Germanicus Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46505 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46506 From: Flavius Vedius Germanicus Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46507 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46508 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46509 From: C. Curius Saturninus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2646
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46510 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: a.d. XI Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46511 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Nova Roma Goes Video (was Re: The Sacrifice Fund)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46512 From: Matt Hucke Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Website Project of the Nundinium
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46513 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46514 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46515 From: Shoshana Hathaway Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46516 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2625
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46517 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46518 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Answers to two of M. Hortensia Maior posts
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46519 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46520 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46521 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46522 From: Timothy P. Gallagher Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Questions from Marca Hortensia Maior
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46523 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46524 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46525 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46526 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Upcoming Election
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46527 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: lararium video ( was:The Sacrifice Fund)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46528 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46529 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46530 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46531 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46532 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46533 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46534 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: a.d. X Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46535 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46536 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46537 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46538 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46539 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46540 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46541 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46542 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46543 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46544 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46545 From: Diana Octavia Aventina Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: My space
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46546 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46547 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46548 From: Rachel Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46549 From: Diana Octavia Aventina Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: new my space address
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46550 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46551 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46552 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: a.d. IX Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46553 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46554 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46555 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46556 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46557 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46558 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46559 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46561 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46562 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46563 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46564 From: Matt Hucke Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46565 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46566 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46567 From: drumax Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46568 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: NovaRomaCon mailing list created
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46569 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46570 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46571 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46572 From: Matt Hucke Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46573 From: dicconf Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46574 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46575 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46576 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46577 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46578 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46579 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-25
Subject: a.d. VIII Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46580 From: Marcus Quirinus Sulla Date: 2006-10-25
Subject: Libri
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46581 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-25
Subject: Market day is live chat day
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46582 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46583 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46584 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: a.d. VII Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46585 From: G.-MINICIVS-AGRIPPA Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Vitruvii De Architectura
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46586 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46587 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46588 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46589 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46590 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46591 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46592 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46593 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46594 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Nova Roma Chat
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46595 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46596 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46597 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46598 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46599 From: william wheeler Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Market day is live chat day
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46600 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Market day is live chat day
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46601 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46602 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46603 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46604 From: M·C·C· Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: ELECCIONES PARA LAS MAGISTRATURAS PLEBEYAS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46605 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46606 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: The Comitia Centuriata is called
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46607 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: The Comitia Populi Tributa is called
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46608 From: Kirsteen Wright Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46609 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Attention Custodes and Diribitores
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46610 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: a.d. VI Kal. Nov.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46611 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46612 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46613 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46614 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Upcoming Elections
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46615 From: Kirsteen Wright Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46616 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Upcoming Elections
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46617 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Honor



Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46440 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2006-10-18
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
---Salve Octavius Censor:

My last post wasn't soley a defence of your position, which didn't
require a defence (but some might conceivably might think the Censors
had errored based on what was written last night) But I have detailed
my reasons for the benefit of the candidate and the citizens of NR.

Vale
Pompeia


In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Matt Hucke <hucke@...> wrote:
>
> On Thu, 19 Oct 2006, pompeia_minucia_tiberia wrote:
>
> Salve Consul,
>
> > No, you publicly suggested to them in the forum
> > that they are in error, in using bad judgement in their timing.
>
> It's OK; no harm done. His concern was legitimate and I hope our
> answer was satisfactory.
>
> But I do appreciate your support.
>
> Vale, Octavius.
>
> --
> Marcus Octavius Gracchus
> octavius@... * http://www.graveyards.com
>
> -"Apes don't read philosophy."
> -"Yes they do, Otto, they just don't understand it! Let me correct
> you on a few things: Aristotle was not Belgian. The central message of
> Buddhism is not 'every man for himself'. And the London Underground is
> not a political movement! Those are all mistakes. I looked them up."
> -from "A Fish Called Wanda"
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46441 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Many thanks,
Salve,

I would like to thank those who offered support for my candidacy and
those who understood that we as humans do make mistakes, although some
consider whose who do to be condemned. But most importantly I would
like to sincerely thank both Octavius and Marinus for explaining the
situation to me. If one never asks questions, then one never learns
answers. Both Censors Marinus and Octavius are to be commended for there service to the Republic. I remain a loyal and honored member of the Republic and always at your service.

Vale,

Marcus Sejanus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46442 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve Ti. Galeri;
so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius Maximus
our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even post
the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote in
the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been trying
to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know if you
are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
sympathies lie.
Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
producer "Vox Romana" podcast
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/
1st vowed temple on NRWiki
http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/
Fortuna Populi Romani Quiritium

> Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
>
> Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> Maximus had made his opinion know.
>
> I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in the
> Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had voted
again
> it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium Pontificum
> and so I voted for it.
>
> It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
Collegium
> Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was changing
my
> vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so during
> voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
>
> Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I apologized
> twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I even said
> it would be better and more productive if Senators would express
> there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
>
> See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006 4:41 pm
>
> Consul you said in part
>
> Â…"Do you have free will or do others think for you? Â…
>
> There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on three
> of them.
>
> So who should I be independent of you or others?
>
> I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
allotted
> for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions on a
> matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take those
> opinions into account before the end of voting and we can change
our
> minds.
>
> Vale
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46443 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve Maior

I am sorry but you have misunderstood.
I said I changed my vote after the "Pontiff Maximus"
( title not a name ie Marcus Cassius Iulianus)
had made his views know.

I can understand the mistake and next time I will write
out all the names so you understand completely.

As to the Religio my adviser on these matters is my cousin
Flavius Galerius Aurelianus. I also respect the opinion of my
mater Helena Galeria Aureliana. I also think it an ok practice
to follow the advice of the "Pontiff Maximus" Marcus Cassius Iulianus

You said that you would like to know where my sympathies lie

With Rome of course

Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus




----- Original Message -----
From: Maior<mailto:rory12001@...>
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com<mailto:Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Thursday, October 19, 2006 1:37 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session


Salve Ti. Galeri;
so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius Maximus
our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even post
the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote in
the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been trying
to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know if you
are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
sympathies lie.
Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
producer "Vox Romana" podcast
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/<http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/>
1st vowed temple on NRWiki
http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/<http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/>
Fortuna Populi Romani Quiritium

> Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
>
> Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> Maximus had made his opinion know.
>
> I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in the
> Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had voted
again
> it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium Pontificum
> and so I voted for it.
>
> It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
Collegium
> Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was changing
my
> vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so during
> voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
>
> Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I apologized
> twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I even said
> it would be better and more productive if Senators would express
> there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
>
> See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006 4:41 pm
>
> Consul you said in part
>
> ."Do you have free will or do others think for you? .
>
> There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on three
> of them.
>
> So who should I be independent of you or others?
>
> I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
allotted
> for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions on a
> matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take those
> opinions into account before the end of voting and we can change
our
> minds.
>
> Vale
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
>





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46444 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Tiberio Galerio Paulino salutem dicit

When you asked me in private who within the Collegium Pontificum had voted
for the Religio Reform I told you how many voted and who voted. What the
Pontifex Maximus said during his vote in the senate was nothing new. I told
you that only three pontifices voted for the Reform: Astur, Metellus, and
myself. I told you that in my e-mail to you. When you changed your vote
you did nothing to ask for clarification before you changed your vote you
simply took a "knee jerk" reaction and did so. But do not tell the people
that you communicated in private about your vote because you did not and I
think that was the point of Marinus making the comment that he did. You
asked me and I told you how many in the Collegium had voted for it, but you
asked me nothing else. You did not discuss the changing of your vote.

As a Consul I presented items to the senate for the "wisest and most
experienced" of Nova Roma to provide their insight and offer suggestions and
advice. You provided none of this to me, and by your own admission you
changed your vote simply because someone else voted a certain way without
coming up with a clear reason for yourself. In the past you have picked up
the phone and called me for less important reasons, you could have done so
in this instance, called and asked for some clarification.

However, Marcus Cassius Julianus and I are now working together to come up
with mutually acceptable Reform proposals. Since by your own admission you
state, "its ok to follow the advice of the" Pontifex Maximus" I presume you,
if elected Consul, will support these Reforms in their implementation if
they are not finished during my turn.

Vale:

Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus

On 10/19/06, Stephen Gallagher <spqr753@...> wrote:
>
> Salve Maior
>
> I am sorry but you have misunderstood.
> I said I changed my vote after the "Pontiff Maximus"
> ( title not a name ie Marcus Cassius Iulianus)
> had made his views know.
>
> I can understand the mistake and next time I will write
> out all the names so you understand completely.
>
> As to the Religio my adviser on these matters is my cousin
> Flavius Galerius Aurelianus. I also respect the opinion of my
> mater Helena Galeria Aureliana. I also think it an ok practice
> to follow the advice of the "Pontiff Maximus" Marcus Cassius Iulianus
>
> You said that you would like to know where my sympathies lie
>
> With Rome of course
>
> Vale
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
>
>
>
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46445 From: Lucius Iunius Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
Lucius Iunius Pompeiae Minuciae Tiberiae sal.

Scripsisti: "It is called 'constructive criticism', ie useful criticism, and you will receive citicism of all ilk when serving as a magistrate..good, bad, ugly."

As one so appreciative of constructive criticism, Consul mi, I pray that you will welcome the following from your poor servant:

"Pompeia respondeo" means in English "Pompeia, I respond"—so unless you there intended to address yourself, I think you may possibly have been in error.

And, if I may continue to serve, please allow me to offer these constructive observations of the comments that you made in your native tongue:

First, you said, "Someone said in forum recently, that we are 'all' students (paraphrased)." Actually, though I appreciate your caution, that is exactly what I said, so you should have
felt free to have located your quotation marks—so oddly placed around the word "all"—about my entire statement.

You also said, "With the same leniency you showed the Censors? Did you write them privately and say 'gosh, this timing doesn't look fair to me, and here's why'...No, you publicly suggested to them in the forum that they are in error, in using bad judgment in their timing. You encroached on implying that they are indulging in ambitious behaviour.

Perhaps not meaning to, but due to inexperience with the constitution. And I'm of the opinion that if you have of read the Lax Papilla Senatorial before you posted to them last night, you might have written the Censors privately. And you might have had more insight as to the legal obligations of the Censors."

You are dear, Consul mi, for having so worried after the sensitivities of our good censores.

I dare say, however, that you may have slightly misread a perfectly honest question as an attack on the propriety of the actions censorum. Your colleagues—both reasonable men—seem to have taken the remark as an opportunity to patiently instruct a fellow citizen on the considerations behind their collective decision. They had no reason to fear the question in a public forum, and the man who posed the question accepted their explanation graciously. They seem to have been secure enough in their stances to have responded reasonably to the concern expressed by M. Seianus—a concern that may easily have been shared by other, silent citizens. You, however, seem to be awfully keen to perceive an attack and quash it—which brings me to yet another constructive observation:

Scripsisti: "You will be called upon to make informed and legal decisions. You will have the power to promulgate laws and veto the actions of others. Pardon me if I come across as nitpicky or tactless if I see that, despite perhaps good intentions, some reading of the constitution is in order."

Your present allegiance to legal particulars withstanding, you very recently ignored the language of legal precision while announcing your intention to consult the Senate prior to a vote before the comitia on constitutional amendments. When citizens opted to express a reasonable concern over the implications of that imprecise language, you clamped down.

You have written about your own receipt of criticism that, as a magistrate, you "expect feedback.... [and will not have] a meltdown over it"—yet you repeatedly seem thin skinned,
and weakly snap at those who may even hint some criticism of the magistrates. We are sovereign over you, Consul mi, and you are lucky for the honor to explain yourself in response to our concerns. Do show some respect while you do so.

Scripsisti: "And if your sympathetics/supporters/whatever wish to get the entire provincia/state of California to affirm me as obnoxious and tactless then so be it."

This Californian, Consul mi, feels that you have been far more effective toward that end than his poor efforts could possibly have lent. That is not to say, however, that I haven't
enjoyed lending you a hand.

Vale.

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "pompeia_minucia_tiberia"
<pompeia_minucia_tiberia@...> wrote:
>
> ---Salve Marcus Sejanus et Salvete Onmnes
>
>
> In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "legio_vi_tribunis"
> <marcus.sejanus@> wrote:
> >
> > Salve Honorable Consul Pompeia,
> > In regards to your comments about my questioning why a candidate was
> > made a Senator just before election, I believe that perhaps you need
> > to actually read the posts all the way through. Yes I stated that the
> > Senate appointed him, when in fact it was the Censors, and I
> > apologized for the mistake.
>
> Pompeia respondeo: You apologized for confusing the Senate with the
> Censors in terms of being custodians of the Senate roles. Fair enough.
> Not a problem in itself..as long as you are clear as to the
> respective roles of each. But this is not my entire concern. If it
> was I wouldn't have said anything.
> The Censors quoted the Lex Popillia Senatoria as legal rationale for
> their actions. Had you looked it up, you might have had less reason
> to publicly question their actions. Further, this is an excellent
> time to reconcile the Senate count as the Censors will have to engage
> in the task of aligning the tribes and centuries, assigning the proper
> ranks to the citizens. There are often legitimate reasons for timing.
>
> I miss quoted, but only after a 26 hour
> > work day.
>
> Pompeia: I stop making sense after a 16 hour work day, and so you
> don't hear from me:)
>
> So for future reference, perhaps you should read the posts
> > all the way through and show leniency when a person apologizes for a
> > simple mistake.
>
> Pompeia: With the same leniency you showed the Censors? Did you
> write them privately and say 'gosh, this timing doesn't look fair to
> me, and here's why'...No, you publicly suggested to them in the forum
> that they are in error, in using bad judgement in their timing. You
> encroached on implying that they are indulging in ambitious
> behaviours. Perhaps not meaning to, but due to inexperience with the
> constitution. And I'm of the opinion that if you have of read the Lex
> Popillia Senatoria before you posted to them last night, you might
> have written the Censors privately. And you might have had more
> insight as to the legal obligations of the Censors.
>
> All I said more or less is you need to get into the legal literature
> with respect to who does what. And I stand by it, I'm afraid.
>
> That is not exactly a stake into the heart, Marcus Sejanus.
>
>
> As Consul I have an obligation to the best interests of the people.
> You are asking for approval of a responsible position...and you will
> likely be approved. You will be called upon to make informed and
> legal decisions. You will have the power to promulgate laws and veto
> the actions of others. Pardon me if I come across as nitpicky or
> tactless if I see that, despite perhaps good intentions, some reading
> of the constitution is in order.
>
> It is called 'constructive criticism', ie useful criticism, and you
> will receive citicism of all ilk when serving as a magistrate..good,
> bad, ugly. I received some tonight as a matter of fact with respect
> to one element of the religio..it was suggested that I might do some
> reading so that I am better able to make informed decisions. Well,
> that was said in the presence of others, and if I enter into
> discussion about a given subject and produce opinions, then I can
> expect feedback. I am not having a meltdown over it. I'm going to do
> the research that was suggested. Someone said in forum recently, that
> we are 'all' students (paraphrased)
>
> You have asked for accountability from fellow candidates in recent
> posts and rightly so. But when someone asks for accountability from
> you, you feel the need to bring in issues as your military service in
> Iraq (thank you for serving BTW), your years of citizenship etc. as
> if I've despised these noble accomplishments by one phrase, which I
> have not.
>
> And if your sympathetics/supporters/whatever wish to get the entire
> provincia/state of California to affirm me as obnoxious and tactless
> then so be it. But all this is a poor smoke screen for the issue at
> hand..The issue being that I think, apology or no for your using
> Senator for Censor, you still need to familiarize yourself with the
> language of the current constitution, and take time to look up a law
> referenced in a edict before you pontificate inappropriateness to two
> long term magistrates, the Censors of Nova Roma.
>
> If others are reading the law and you are not, it is 'them' who are
> Tribunes and not yourself. I am sure this is not what you want. And
> it is not in the republic's best interests.
>
> Valete
> Pompeia Minucia Strabo
>
>
> >
> > Marcus Sejanus
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46446 From: M·C·C· Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Edictum Propraetoricium XLVI (Complutensis XXI) de Designatione Pra
EX HOC, SEQVENS CIVIS AB OFFICIO PRAEFECTVS MILITARIVM, DEDICATIONE ATQVE STVDIIS SVIS GRATES AGENS, REMOVENTVR

EL SIGUIENTE CIUDADANO ES APARTADO DEL CARGO DE PRAEFECTUS MILITARIUM, AGRADECIENDO SU DEDICACI�N Y ESFUERZO:

THE FOLLOWING CITIZEN IS HEREBY DISMISSED AS PRAEFECTUS MILITARIUM:


� MARCVS AELIVS OCTAVIANVS (ID#7209)


EX HOC, SEQUENS CIVIS DESIGNATVS EST PRAEFECTUS MILITARIUM:

POR EL QUE EL SIGUIENTE CIUDADANO ES NOMBRADO PRAEFECTUS MILITARIUM:

THE FOLLOWING CITIZEN IS HEREBY APPOINTED AS PRAEFECTUS MILITARIUM (3RD RANK OFFICIAL):


� MARCVS FLAVIVS DRVSVS (ID#8725)


EX HOC, SEQVENTES CIVES MEMBRA CONSILII PROPR�TORICII DESIGNANTVR :

POR EL CUAL LOS SIGUIENTES CIUDADANOS SON NOMBRADOS MIEMBROS DEL CONSILIUM PROPRAETORICIUM:

THE FOLLOWING CITIZENS ARE HEREBY APPOINTED AS MEMBERS OF CONSILIUM PROPRAETORICIUM (PROVINCIAL ADMINISTRATION):


� MARCVS AELIVS OCTAVIANVS (ID#7209)

� MARCVS FLAVIVS DRVSVS (ID#8725)


Hoc edictum dehinc valebit

Este Edicto entra en vigor inmediatamente.

This edictum becomes effective immediately.


DATVM�SVB�MANV�MEA�A�D�XIII�KAL�NOVEMBRAS� MMDCCLIX�A�V�C�,

C. Buteone Po. Minucia cos.� (MMDCCLIX a.u.c.)

M�CVRIATIVS�COMPLVTENSIS

PROPRAETOR HISPANIAE

NOVA ROMA

Retrieved from "http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Provincia_Hispania_-_Edictum_Propraetoricium_XLVI_%28Complutensis_XXI%29_de_Designatione_Praefectus_Militarium_et_Consilio_Propraetoris_%28Nova_Roma%29"

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46447 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: a.d. XIV Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XIV Kalendas Novembris; haec dies nefastus
publicus est.

"There was a universal shout of approval, and T. Quinctius advancing
to the front asserted that his men would submit to the authority of
the Dictator. He implored Valerius to take up the cause of his unhappy
fellow-citizens, and when he had taken it up to maintain it with the
same integrity that he had always shown in his public administration.
For himself he demanded no conditions, he would not place his hope in
anything but his innocence, but for the soldiers there must be the
same guarantee that was given in the days of their fathers to the
plebs and afterwards to the legions, namely, that no man should be
punished for having taken part in the secession. The Dictator
expressed his approval of what had been said, and after telling them
all to hope for the best he galloped back to the City, and after
obtaining the consent of the senate, brought a measure before the
people who were assembled in the Petilian Grove granting immunity to
all who had taken part in the secession. He then begged the Quirites
to grant him one request, which was that no one should ever either in
jest or earnest bring that matter up against any one. A military Lex
Sacrata was also passed, enacting that no soldier's name should be
struck off the muster-roll without his consent. An additional
provision was subsequently embodied in it, forbidding any one who had
once been military tribune from being made to serve afterwards as a
centurion. This was in consequence of a demand made by the mutineers
with respect to P. Salonius, who had been every year either military
tribune or centurion of the first class. They were incensed against
him because he had always opposed their mutinous projects and had fled
from Lautulae to avoid being mixed up with them. As this proposal was
aimed solely at Salonius the senate refused to allow it. Then Salonius
himself appealed to the senators not to consider his dignity of more
importance than the harmony of the State, and at his request they
ultimately passed it. Another demand just as impudent was that the pay
of the cavalry should be reduced-at that time they were receiving
three times the infantry pay-because they had acted against the
mutineers." - Livy, History of Rome 7.41


"In the fifth year of the reign of Tatius, some retainers and kinsmen
of his, falling in with ambassadors from Laurentum on their way to
Rome, attempted to rob them of their money,Link to the editor's note
at the bottom of this page and when they would not stand and deliver,
slew them. It was a bold and dreadful crime, and Romulus thought its
perpetrators ought to be punished at once, but Tatius tried to put off
and turn aside the course of justice. This was the sole occasion of
open variance between them; in all other matters they acted in the
utmost concert and administered affairs with unanimity. The friends of
the slain ambassadors, shut out as they were from all lawful redress,
through the efforts of Tatius, fell upon him as he was sacrificing
with Romulus at Lavinium, and killed him, but escorted Romulus on his
way with loud praises of his justice. Romulus brought the body of
Tatius home and gave it honourable burial, and it lies near the
so-called Armilustrium, on the Aventine hill; but he took no steps
whatsoever to bring his murderers to justice. And some historians
write that the city of Laurentum, in terror, delivered up the
murderers of Tatius, but that Romulus let them go, saying that murder
had been requited with murder. This led some to say and suspect that
he was glad to be rid of his colleague, but it caused no disturbance
in the government, nor did it lead the Sabines into faction, nay, some
through the good-will they had for him, others through fear of his
power, and others because they regarded him as a benevolent god, all
continued to hold him in reverence to the end." - Plutarch, Parallel
Lives, "Romulus" 23

"Armilustrium ab eo quod in Armilustrio armati sacra faciunt, nisi
locus potius dictus ab his; sed quod de his prius, id ab ludendo aut
lustro, id est quod circumibant ludentes ancilibus armati." - Varro,
de Lingua Latina VI.3

"Before the consuls set out, the nine days' sacred rite was performed,
as a shower of stones had fallen from the sky at Veii. After the
mention of one prodigy, others also were reported, as usual. At
Minturnae, that the temple of Jupiter and the grove of Marica, and at
Atella also that a wall and gate, had been struck by lightning. The
people of Minturnae added what was more alarming, that a stream of
blood had flowed at their gate. At Capua, a wolf, which had entered at
the gate by night, had torn a watchman. These prodigies were expiated
with victims of the larger kind, and a supplication for one day was
made, according to a decree of the pontiffs. The nine days' sacred
rite was then performed again, because a shower of stones had been
seen to fall in the armilustrum." - Livy, History of Rome 27.37


Today is the celebration of the Armilustrium. The Armilustrium was a
festival in honor of Mars, the god of war. On this day the weapons of
the soldiers were ritually purified and stored for winter. The army
would be assembled and reviewed in the Circus Maximus, garlanded with
flowers and the trumpets (tubae) would be played as part of the
purification rites. The Romans gathered with their arms and armour on
the Aventine Hill, and held a procession with torches and sacrificial
animals. The dancing priests of Mars known as the Salii may also have
taken part in the ceremony.

As seen in the quotations from Livy and Plutarch above, the
Armilustrium was also the name of a large open space on the Aventine
Hill where the festival was held.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Livy, Plutarch, Varro
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46448 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato Ti. Galerio Paulino G. Fabio Buteoni Modiano omnibusque SPD.

Salvete omnes.

All other things being equal, I would be interested in hearing from
the pontiffs themselves - particularly those who voted "antiquo" -
regarding the proposed changes in the structure and activities of the
College of Pontiffs. Since Salvius Astur published his proposals a
few months ago there really has been no discussion; they *seem*
reasonable to me, but since we may be asked to vote on them in the
near future, it might be in the interests of the parties involved to
express their reason(s) for supporting or rejecting them.

I have a whole bunch of comments regarding the other proposals, but
I'll save them for later :-)

Valete,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46450 From: M.J. Cope (Cincinnatus) Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: ARMILUSTIUM
Ex Domo Flamen Martalis Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus Augur Quiritibus salutem dicit

Mars nos protegas


19 October XIV KAL. NOV. NP Dies religiosus
ARMILUSTIUM

The beginning of the campaigning season in March had been marked by the dancing of the Salii through the streets (p. 85), the Equirria (p. 89), the Quinquatrus and the Tubilustrium (p. 92), so its end in October saw the ceremonies of the October horse and the Armilustrium when the army had to be purified from the dangerous infection that it may have incurred from contact with bloodshed and strangers. This was a festival in honour of Mars; his Salian priests probably once again danced and sang through the streets, during the sacrifices tubae were sounded, and the arma and ancillia were purified and then put away until the next year. It appears from Plutarch and Varro that the lustratio was performed on the Aventine 'ad Circum Maximum' in an open space called Armilustrium (it lay south of the church of S. Sabina), the Aventine possibly being the last point in the procession of the Salii. note 261
An entry in the Praenestine calendar seems to apply to 20 October, but it could be a note to the previous day's Armilustrium. It runs '[...] sanguinem gustare antea frequenter solebant' (they frequently used blood to taste blood before'). This presumably refers to the tasting of blood from the sacrifice, a practice which had apparently ceased by the time of Augustus when the calendar was composed.

From 'Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic' by HH Scullard

Valete

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46451 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: ARMILUSTIUM
Salve Luci Equiti,

"M.J. Cope \(Cincinnatus\)" <vergil96@...> writes:

> the Aventine possibly being the last point in the
> procession of the Salii. note 261

I understand that you're quoting this from a published work. I'd be
interested in knowing what note 261 says, if you could please provide it.

Otherwise, thank you for taking the time to post about this important
festival.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46452 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Mediatlantica Provincial Praetorian Edict III
Mediatlantica Provincial Praetorian Edict III

Ex Officio Tiberius Galerius Paulinus Praetor of Mediatlantica Province

In accordance with the Lex Arminia de Edictis and the Lex Arminia de Ministris Provincialibvs.

I hereby appoint Paula Gratia Stephana as Procurator (Treasurer) of Mediatlantica Province

No oath shall be required.

Done on this the 19th day of October 2759 A. V. C. in the Consulship of
G. Fabius Buteo Modianus and Pompeia Minucia Strabo



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46453 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve Marca Hortensia Maior.

It should be apparent that Tb. Galerius Paulinus honors Dii Immortales and has kept his Oaths of Office under the Constitution. He is actually more involved in the historical practices of the praetor's office than many who follow the Sacra et Religio. Furthermore, he is the minority in the Galeri as most of the family are Cultores Deorum. If appears to me that he is stating that he does not support political interference in the affairs of the Sacred College by elected magistrates whether they are Cultores Deorum or, if you'll pardon the term, gentiles (non-followers).
As a member of the current CP, I do not support any Senate involvement in the restoration and reconstruction of the Sacra et Religio Romana beyond those absolutely necessary to fill empty positions when a college has no members or very few; as per historical example. Nova Roma has already had women as pontiffs (although none are active) and we continue to have a number of women in sacred posts; including my sister, Violentilla Galeria Saltarix, and my materfamilias, Helena Galeria Aureliana. I hope to see more men and women applying to the Sacred Colleges for membership as pontiffs, augurs, epulones, and other positions.

F. Galerius Aurelianus



-----Original Message-----
From: rory12001@...
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 12:37 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session


Salve Ti. Galeri;
so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius Maximus
our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even post
the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote in
the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been trying
to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know if you
are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
sympathies lie.
Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
producer "Vox Romana" podcast
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/
1st vowed temple on NRWiki
http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/
Fortuna Populi Romani Quiritium

> Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
>
> Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> Maximus had made his opinion know.
>
> I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in the
> Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had voted
again
> it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium Pontificum
> and so I voted for it.
>
> It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
Collegium
> Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was changing
my
> vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so during
> voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
>
> Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I apologized
> twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I even said
> it would be better and more productive if Senators would express
> there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
>
> See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006 4:41 pm
>
> Consul you said in part
>
> …"Do you have free will or do others think for you? …
>
> There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on three
> of them.
>
> So who should I be independent of you or others?
>
> I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
allotted
> for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions on a
> matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take those
> opinions into account before the end of voting and we can change
our
> minds.
>
> Vale
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
>






Yahoo! Groups Links



________________________________________________________________________
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[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46454 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
M. Hortensia Ti.Galerio Paulino spd;
you meant the Pontifex Maximus, Q. Fabius Maximus is a
Pontiff. The Pontifex Maximus is the chief pontiff. Yikes this is
why I am concerned.
L. Arminius Faustus who is running for Consul is an historian as
well as practitioner who wants to return the CP to the ways of Roma
Antiqua. He supports this reform.
Will you procede with Pontiff Astur's reforms?

M. Hortensia Maior
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Tiberio Galerio Paulino salutem dicit
>
> When you asked me in private who within the Collegium Pontificum
had voted
> for the Religio Reform I told you how many voted and who voted.
What the
> Pontifex Maximus said during his vote in the senate was nothing
new. I told
> you that only three pontifices voted for the Reform: Astur,
Metellus, and
> myself. I told you that in my e-mail to you. When you changed
your vote
> you did nothing to ask for clarification before you changed your
vote you
> simply took a "knee jerk" reaction and did so. But do not tell
the people
> that you communicated in private about your vote because you did
not and I
> think that was the point of Marinus making the comment that he
did. You
> asked me and I told you how many in the Collegium had voted for
it, but you
> asked me nothing else. You did not discuss the changing of your
vote.
>
> As a Consul I presented items to the senate for the "wisest and
most
> experienced" of Nova Roma to provide their insight and offer
suggestions and
> advice. You provided none of this to me, and by your own
admission you
> changed your vote simply because someone else voted a certain way
without
> coming up with a clear reason for yourself. In the past you have
picked up
> the phone and called me for less important reasons, you could have
done so
> in this instance, called and asked for some clarification.
>
> However, Marcus Cassius Julianus and I are now working together to
come up
> with mutually acceptable Reform proposals. Since by your own
admission you
> state, "its ok to follow the advice of the" Pontifex Maximus" I
presume you,
> if elected Consul, will support these Reforms in their
implementation if
> they are not finished during my turn.
>
> Vale:
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
>
> On 10/19/06, Stephen Gallagher <spqr753@...> wrote:
> >
> > Salve Maior
> >
> > I am sorry but you have misunderstood.
> > I said I changed my vote after the "Pontiff Maximus"
> > ( title not a name ie Marcus Cassius Iulianus)
> > had made his views know.
> >
> > I can understand the mistake and next time I will write
> > out all the names so you understand completely.
> >
> > As to the Religio my adviser on these matters is my cousin
> > Flavius Galerius Aurelianus. I also respect the opinion of my
> > mater Helena Galeria Aureliana. I also think it an ok practice
> > to follow the advice of the "Pontiff Maximus" Marcus Cassius
Iulianus
> >
> > You said that you would like to know where my sympathies lie
> >
> > With Rome of course
> >
> > Vale
> >
> > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46455 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Absence
Salve Romans

I will be attending a family reunion stating today.
I may or may not have access to a computer.
I will return on Sunday October 22.


Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46456 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve F. Galerius Aureliane;
this is just what worries me. You are still adhereing to an
unhistorical notion of gens Galeria as one big family with a pater &
materfamilias & Ti. Galerius looks to you & Helena Galeria.

This is just historically wrong & has no basis in fact & absolutely
nothing to do with the practice of Roma Antiqua,the res publica and
how the Religio was administered.

Sentaor Astur as well as others are admirably trying to reform the
CP back to Republican practice. I wish to know Ti. Galerius's
support of this -not yours. He is the one who wishes to be consul.
M. Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
producer "Vox Romana" podcast


> Salve Marca Hortensia Maior.
>
> It should be apparent that Tb. Galerius Paulinus honors Dii
Immortales and has kept his Oaths of Office under the Constitution.
He is actually more involved in the historical practices of the
praetor's office than many who follow the Sacra et Religio.
Furthermore, he is the minority in the Galeri as most of the family
are Cultores Deorum.

If appears to me that he is stating that he does not support
political interference in the affairs of the Sacred College by
elected magistrates whether they are Cultores Deorum or, if you'll
pardon the term, gentiles (non-followers).
> As a member of the current CP, I do not support any Senate
involvement in the restoration and reconstruction of the Sacra et
Religio Romana beyond those absolutely necessary to fill empty
positions when a college has no members or very few; as per
historical example. Nova Roma has already had women as pontiffs
(although none are active) and we continue to have a number of women
in sacred posts; including my sister, Violentilla Galeria Saltarix,
and my materfamilias, Helena Galeria Aureliana. I hope to see more
men and women applying to the Sacred Colleges for membership as
pontiffs, augurs, epulones, and other positions.
>
> F. Galerius Aurelianus
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: rory12001@...
> To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 12:37 AM
> Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session
>
>
> Salve Ti. Galeri;
> so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius
Maximus
> our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even post
> the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote in
> the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been
trying
> to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
> What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know if
you
> are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
> sympathies lie.
> Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
> producer "Vox Romana" podcast
> http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/
> 1st vowed temple on NRWiki
> http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/
> Fortuna Populi Romani Quiritium
>
> > Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
> >
> > Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> > Maximus had made his opinion know.
> >
> > I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in the
> > Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had voted
> again
> > it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium
Pontificum
> > and so I voted for it.
> >
> > It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
> Collegium
> > Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was changing
> my
> > vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so
during
> > voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
> >
> > Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I apologized
> > twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I even
said
> > it would be better and more productive if Senators would express
> > there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
> >
> > See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006 4:41
pm
> >
> > Consul you said in part
> >
> > …"Do you have free will or do others think for you? …
> >
> > There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on
three
> > of them.
> >
> > So who should I be independent of you or others?
> >
> > I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
> allotted
> > for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions on a
> > matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take those
> > opinions into account before the end of voting and we can change
> our
> > minds.
> >
> > Vale
> >
> > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> >
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
_____________________________________________________________________
___
> Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety and
security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos from
across the web, free AOL Mail and more.
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46457 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
Salve M. Hortensia Maior,

I am not adhering to any notion, historical or otherwise; I am stating a fact. Tiberius Galerius Paulinus has his own domus but unlike almost all the other gentes in Nova Roma, the Galeri DO regard one another as a clan and Tiberius still acknowledges Helena Mater as the fountainhead of the Gens Galeria. We haven't ever needed a paterfamilias. Like good families, we have our disagreements but we have never, ever crossed one another publicly. We talk, correspond, and meet with our family regularly; we welcome each other to our homes; we take pride in the accomplishments of Galeri members. By being able to trust one another, having good faith in their actions, and respecting each other's opinions, we may be different from your concept of a historical Roman gens. We believe it makes us better NR citizens and that is good for the organization.
I am very sorry that your Nova Roman gens does not act in the same way.

In regard to the proposals put forward by Astur Pontifex and other members of the CP, I would like to say that historically accuracy needs to be balanced by some compromise to our current times and the number of persons, men & women, willing to participate as pontiffs, augurs, epulones, and those willing to recreate the Sibylline Books. I am 100% in favor of moving towards more historically accurate Sacred Colleges but without those willing to perform the rites & fire the altars, it will be cold comfort to me.
Please to remember that this is Nova Roma; the new combined with the old. So far Dii Immortales have not chosen to strike us down because we believe that women are just as capable as men are in being magistrates and Senators. I believe we can compromise a bit to the current reality that our Rex et Regina Sacrorum will not have to keep all the old taboos; that Vestals will not have to be chaste for 30 years; and that a woman cannot be an effective Pontiff or Augur.

F. Galerius Aurelianus


-----Original Message-----
From: rory12001@...
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 11:50 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session


Salve F. Galerius Aureliane;
this is just what worries me. You are still adhereing to an
unhistorical notion of gens Galeria as one big family with a pater &
materfamilias & Ti. Galerius looks to you & Helena Galeria.

This is just historically wrong & has no basis in fact & absolutely
nothing to do with the practice of Roma Antiqua,the res publica and
how the Religio was administered.

Sentaor Astur as well as others are admirably trying to reform the
CP back to Republican practice. I wish to know Ti. Galerius's
support of this -not yours. He is the one who wishes to be consul.
M. Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
producer "Vox Romana" podcast


> Salve Marca Hortensia Maior.
>
> It should be apparent that Tb. Galerius Paulinus honors Dii
Immortales and has kept his Oaths of Office under the Constitution.
He is actually more involved in the historical practices of the
praetor's office than many who follow the Sacra et Religio.
Furthermore, he is the minority in the Galeri as most of the family
are Cultores Deorum.

If appears to me that he is stating that he does not support
political interference in the affairs of the Sacred College by
elected magistrates whether they are Cultores Deorum or, if you'll
pardon the term, gentiles (non-followers).
> As a member of the current CP, I do not support any Senate
involvement in the restoration and reconstruction of the Sacra et
Religio Romana beyond those absolutely necessary to fill empty
positions when a college has no members or very few; as per
historical example. Nova Roma has already had women as pontiffs
(although none are active) and we continue to have a number of women
in sacred posts; including my sister, Violentilla Galeria Saltarix,
and my materfamilias, Helena Galeria Aureliana. I hope to see more
men and women applying to the Sacred Colleges for membership as
pontiffs, augurs, epulones, and other positions.
>
> F. Galerius Aurelianus
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: rory12001@...
> To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 12:37 AM
> Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session
>
>
> Salve Ti. Galeri;
> so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius
Maximus
> our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even post
> the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote in
> the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been
trying
> to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
> What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know if
you
> are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
> sympathies lie.
> Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
> producer "Vox Romana" podcast
> http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/
> 1st vowed temple on NRWiki
> http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/
> Fortuna Populi Romani Quiritium
>
> > Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
> >
> > Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> > Maximus had made his opinion know.
> >
> > I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in the
> > Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had voted
> again
> > it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium
Pontificum
> > and so I voted for it.
> >
> > It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
> Collegium
> > Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was changing
> my
> > vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so
during
> > voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
> >
> > Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I apologized
> > twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I even
said
> > it would be better and more productive if Senators would express
> > there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
> >
> > See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006 4:41
pm
> >
> > Consul you said in part
> >
> > …"Do you have free will or do others think for you? …
> >
> > There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on
three
> > of them.
> >
> > So who should I be independent of you or others?
> >
> > I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
> allotted
> > for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions on a
> > matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take those
> > opinions into account before the end of voting and we can change
> our
> > minds.
> >
> > Vale
> >
> > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> >
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
_____________________________________________________________________
___
> Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety and
security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos from
across the web, free AOL Mail and more.
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>






Yahoo! Groups Links



________________________________________________________________________
Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety and security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos from across the web, free AOL Mail and more.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46458 From: Timothy P. Gallagher Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve Marca Hortensia Maior

"this is just what worries me. You are still adhering to an
unhistorical notion of gens Galeria as one big family with a
Pater"...

No its just good manners, something you could use by the bucket
full.

Helena Galeria founded the gens Galeria and even though legal
changes have been made to the gens structure, since we all joined,
we sill respect her as being first.

Please remember that F. Galerius Aurelianus is a member of the CP.
He is more than qualified to give advice on these matters,
especially when a magistrate ask for such.

Helena Galeria is also a practitioner of the Religio and a student
of it as well and so again she is qualified to give advice.

For information on my views on the Religio please see my post
number 46426


Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
Candidate for Consul
Mea gloria fideles


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> Salve F. Galerius Aureliane;
> this is just what worries me. You are still adhereing to an
> unhistorical notion of gens Galeria as one big family with a pater
&
> materfamilias & Ti. Galerius looks to you & Helena Galeria.
>
> This is just historically wrong & has no basis in fact &
absolutely
> nothing to do with the practice of Roma Antiqua,the res publica
and
> how the Religio was administered.
>
> Sentaor Astur as well as others are admirably trying to reform the
> CP back to Republican practice. I wish to know Ti. Galerius's
> support of this -not yours. He is the one who wishes to be consul.
> M. Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
> producer "Vox Romana" podcast
>
>
> > Salve Marca Hortensia Maior.
> >
> > It should be apparent that Tb. Galerius Paulinus honors Dii
> Immortales and has kept his Oaths of Office under the
Constitution.
> He is actually more involved in the historical practices of the
> praetor's office than many who follow the Sacra et Religio.
> Furthermore, he is the minority in the Galeri as most of the
family
> are Cultores Deorum.
>
> If appears to me that he is stating that he does not support
> political interference in the affairs of the Sacred College by
> elected magistrates whether they are Cultores Deorum or, if you'll
> pardon the term, gentiles (non-followers).
> > As a member of the current CP, I do not support any Senate
> involvement in the restoration and reconstruction of the Sacra et
> Religio Romana beyond those absolutely necessary to fill empty
> positions when a college has no members or very few; as per
> historical example. Nova Roma has already had women as pontiffs
> (although none are active) and we continue to have a number of
women
> in sacred posts; including my sister, Violentilla Galeria
Saltarix,
> and my materfamilias, Helena Galeria Aureliana. I hope to see
more
> men and women applying to the Sacred Colleges for membership as
> pontiffs, augurs, epulones, and other positions.
> >
> > F. Galerius Aurelianus
> >
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: rory12001@
> > To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> > Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 12:37 AM
> > Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session
> >
> >
> > Salve Ti. Galeri;
> > so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius
> Maximus
> > our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even
post
> > the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote
in
> > the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been
> trying
> > to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
> > What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know if
> you
> > are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
> > sympathies lie.
> > Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
> > producer "Vox Romana" podcast
> > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/
> > 1st vowed temple on NRWiki
> > http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/
> > Fortuna Populi Romani Quiritium
> >
> > > Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
> > >
> > > Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> > > Maximus had made his opinion know.
> > >
> > > I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in the
> > > Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had voted
> > again
> > > it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium
> Pontificum
> > > and so I voted for it.
> > >
> > > It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
> > Collegium
> > > Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was
changing
> > my
> > > vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so
> during
> > > voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
> > >
> > > Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I apologized
> > > twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I even
> said
> > > it would be better and more productive if Senators would
express
> > > there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
> > >
> > > See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006
4:41
> pm
> > >
> > > Consul you said in part
> > >
> > > …"Do you have free will or do others think for you? …
> > >
> > > There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on
> three
> > > of them.
> > >
> > > So who should I be independent of you or others?
> > >
> > > I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
> > allotted
> > > for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions on
a
> > > matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take
those
> > > opinions into account before the end of voting and we can
change
> > our
> > > minds.
> > >
> > > Vale
> > >
> > > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Yahoo! Groups Links
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
_____________________________________________________________________
> ___
> > Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety
and
> security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos
from
> across the web, free AOL Mail and more.
> >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46459 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
> A. Tullia Scholastica L. Iunio quiritibus, sociis, peregrinisque bonae
> voluntatis S.P.D.
>
> Ignoscatis, quaeso, absentiam praelongam meam, quae causa tempestatis
> inferentis damnum vis electricae per hebdomadem contigit.
>
>
>
> Lucius Iunius Pompeiae Minuciae Tiberiae sal.
>
> Scripsisti: "It is called 'constructive criticism', ie useful criticism, and
> you will receive citicism of all ilk when serving as a magistrate..good, bad,
> ugly."
>
> As one so appreciative of constructive criticism, Consul mi, I pray that you
> will welcome the following from your poor servant:
>
> ATS: Assuming, as we seem to be compelled to do, that Consul Strabo is
> feminine, then the word consul should also be feminine, so the correct form
> would be consul mea. Avitus has informed us that scriba is feminine when
> applied to woman, though it is normally a masculine noun of the (usually
> feminine) first declension, so let us assume that similar rules apply.
>
> "Pompeia respondeo" means in English "Pompeia, I respond"—so unless you there
> intended to address yourself, I think you may possibly have been in error.
>
> ATS: Actually, this may mean I, Pompeia, reply, just as well. It¹s also
> a heck of a lot more likely, nonne?
>
> And, if I may continue to serve, please allow me to offer these constructive
> observations of the comments that you made in your native tongue:
>
> ATS: Not all native speakers are equally fluent in the use of their
> native tongues. You missed seeing some gems from other magistrates who are
> native speakers of English, having arrived to late to enjoy (so to speak)
> them.
>
> First, you said, "Someone said in forum recently, that we are 'all' students
> (paraphrased)." Actually, though I appreciate your caution, that is exactly
> what I said, so you should have
> felt free to have located your quotation marks—so oddly placed around the word
> "all"—about my entire statement.
>
> You also said, "With the same leniency you showed the Censors? Did you write
> them privately and say 'gosh, this timing doesn't look fair to me, and here's
> why'...No, you publicly suggested to them in the forum that they are in error,
> in using bad judgment in their timing. You encroached on implying that they
> are indulging in ambitious behaviour.
>
> Perhaps not meaning to, but due to inexperience with the constitution. And I'm
> of the opinion that if you have of read the Lax Papilla Senatorial before you
> posted to them last night, you might have written the Censors privately. And
> you might have had more insight as to the legal obligations of the Censors."
>
> You are dear, Consul mi, for having so worried after the sensitivities of our
> good censores.
>
> ATS: Well, the censores can write nasty notae...
>
> I dare say, however, that you may have slightly misread a perfectly honest
> question as an attack on the propriety of the actions censorum. Your
> colleagues—both reasonable men—seem to have taken the remark as an opportunity
> to patiently instruct a fellow citizen on the considerations behind their
> collective decision. They had no reason to fear the question in a public
> forum, and the man who posed the question accepted their explanation
> graciously. They seem to have been secure enough in their stances to have
> responded reasonably to the concern expressed by M. Seianus—a concern that may
> easily have been shared by other, silent citizens. You, however, seem to be
> awfully keen to perceive an attack and quash it—which brings me to yet another
> constructive observation:
>
> Scripsisti: "You will be called upon to make informed and legal decisions.
> You will have the power to promulgate laws and veto the actions of others.
> Pardon me if I come across as nitpicky or tactless if I see that, despite
> perhaps good intentions, some reading of the constitution is in order."
>
> Your present allegiance to legal particulars withstanding, you very recently
> ignored the language of legal precision while announcing your intention to
> consult the Senate prior to a vote before the comitia on constitutional
> amendments. When citizens opted to express a reasonable concern over the
> implications of that imprecise language, you clamped down.
>
> You have written about your own receipt of criticism that, as a magistrate,
> you "expect feedback.... [and will not have] a meltdown over it"—yet you
> repeatedly seem thin skinned,
> and weakly snap at those who may even hint some criticism of the magistrates.
> We are sovereign over you, Consul mi, and you are lucky for the honor to
> explain yourself in response to our concerns. Do show some respect while you
> do so.
>
> Scripsisti: "And if your sympathetics/supporters/whatever wish to get the
> entire provincia/state of California to affirm me as obnoxious and tactless
> then so be it."
>
> This Californian, Consul mi, feels that you have been far more effective
> toward that end than his poor efforts could possibly have lent. That is not
> to say, however, that I haven't
> enjoyed lending you a hand.
>
> Vale.
>
> Vale, et valete,
>
> A. Tullia Scholastica
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com <mailto:Nova-Roma%40yahoogroups.com> ,
> "pompeia_minucia_tiberia"
> <pompeia_minucia_tiberia@...> wrote:
>> >
>> > ---Salve Marcus Sejanus et Salvete Onmnes
>> >
>> >
>> > In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com <mailto:Nova-Roma%40yahoogroups.com> ,
>> "legio_vi_tribunis"
>> > <marcus.sejanus@> wrote:
>>> > >
>>> > > Salve Honorable Consul Pompeia,
>>> > > In regards to your comments about my questioning why a candidate was
>>> > > made a Senator just before election, I believe that perhaps you need
>>> > > to actually read the posts all the way through. Yes I stated that the
>>> > > Senate appointed him, when in fact it was the Censors, and I
>>> > > apologized for the mistake.
>> >
>> > Pompeia respondeo: You apologized for confusing the Senate with the
>> > Censors in terms of being custodians of the Senate roles. Fair enough.
>> > Not a problem in itself..as long as you are clear as to the
>> > respective roles of each. But this is not my entire concern. If it
>> > was I wouldn't have said anything.
>> > The Censors quoted the Lex Popillia Senatoria as legal rationale for
>> > their actions. Had you looked it up, you might have had less reason
>> > to publicly question their actions. Further, this is an excellent
>> > time to reconcile the Senate count as the Censors will have to engage
>> > in the task of aligning the tribes and centuries, assigning the proper
>> > ranks to the citizens. There are often legitimate reasons for timing.
>> >
>> > I miss quoted, but only after a 26 hour
>>> > > work day.
>> >
>> > Pompeia: I stop making sense after a 16 hour work day, and so you
>> > don't hear from me:)
>> >
>> > So for future reference, perhaps you should read the posts
>>> > > all the way through and show leniency when a person apologizes for a
>>> > > simple mistake.
>> >
>> > Pompeia: With the same leniency you showed the Censors? Did you
>> > write them privately and say 'gosh, this timing doesn't look fair to
>> > me, and here's why'...No, you publicly suggested to them in the forum
>> > that they are in error, in using bad judgement in their timing. You
>> > encroached on implying that they are indulging in ambitious
>> > behaviours. Perhaps not meaning to, but due to inexperience with the
>> > constitution. And I'm of the opinion that if you have of read the Lex
>> > Popillia Senatoria before you posted to them last night, you might
>> > have written the Censors privately. And you might have had more
>> > insight as to the legal obligations of the Censors.
>> >
>> > All I said more or less is you need to get into the legal literature
>> > with respect to who does what. And I stand by it, I'm afraid.
>> >
>> > That is not exactly a stake into the heart, Marcus Sejanus.
>> >
>> >
>> > As Consul I have an obligation to the best interests of the people.
>> > You are asking for approval of a responsible position...and you will
>> > likely be approved. You will be called upon to make informed and
>> > legal decisions. You will have the power to promulgate laws and veto
>> > the actions of others. Pardon me if I come across as nitpicky or
>> > tactless if I see that, despite perhaps good intentions, some reading
>> > of the constitution is in order.
>> >
>> > It is called 'constructive criticism', ie useful criticism, and you
>> > will receive citicism of all ilk when serving as a magistrate..good,
>> > bad, ugly. I received some tonight as a matter of fact with respect
>> > to one element of the religio..it was suggested that I might do some
>> > reading so that I am better able to make informed decisions. Well,
>> > that was said in the presence of others, and if I enter into
>> > discussion about a given subject and produce opinions, then I can
>> > expect feedback. I am not having a meltdown over it. I'm going to do
>> > the research that was suggested. Someone said in forum recently, that
>> > we are 'all' students (paraphrased)
>> >
>> > You have asked for accountability from fellow candidates in recent
>> > posts and rightly so. But when someone asks for accountability from
>> > you, you feel the need to bring in issues as your military service in
>> > Iraq (thank you for serving BTW), your years of citizenship etc. as
>> > if I've despised these noble accomplishments by one phrase, which I
>> > have not.
>> >
>> > And if your sympathetics/supporters/whatever wish to get the entire
>> > provincia/state of California to affirm me as obnoxious and tactless
>> > then so be it. But all this is a poor smoke screen for the issue at
>> > hand..The issue being that I think, apology or no for your using
>> > Senator for Censor, you still need to familiarize yourself with the
>> > language of the current constitution, and take time to look up a law
>> > referenced in a edict before you pontificate inappropriateness to two
>> > long term magistrates, the Censors of Nova Roma.
>> >
>> > If others are reading the law and you are not, it is 'them' who are
>> > Tribunes and not yourself. I am sure this is not what you want. And
>> > it is not in the republic's best interests.
>> >
>> > Valete
>> > Pompeia Minucia Strabo
>> >
>> >
>>> > >
>>> > > Marcus Sejanus
>>> > >
>> >
>




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46460 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
M. Hortensia F. Galerio Aureliano spd;
oh that was the Boni party line. The Di Immortales will
strike us down. Poppycock. It was the silly answer to keep
unhistorical things such as the "Blasphemy Decree"

Nova Roma will please the gods just fine by renewing the Pax Romana
of the res publica. Many are here because of their devotion to Roman
republican ideals. I am. I have no desire to live in a polytheistic
theocracy.

Senator Astur, know his history, is a devotee of the gods, & speaks
Latin. His ideas accord with history and the Pax Romana.
cura ut valeas
Marca Hortensia Maior



So far Dii Immortales have not chosen to strike us down because we
believe that women are just as capable as men are in being
magistrates and Senators. I believe we can compromise a bit to the
current reality that our Rex et Regina Sacrorum will not have to
keep all the old taboos; that Vestals will not have to be chaste for
30 years; and that a woman cannot be an effective Pontiff or Augur.
>
> F. Galerius Aurelianus
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: rory12001@...
> To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 11:50 AM
> Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session
>
>
> Salve F. Galerius Aureliane;
> this is just what worries me. You are still adhereing to an
> unhistorical notion of gens Galeria as one big family with a pater
&
> materfamilias & Ti. Galerius looks to you & Helena Galeria.
>
> This is just historically wrong & has no basis in fact &
absolutely
> nothing to do with the practice of Roma Antiqua,the res publica
and
> how the Religio was administered.
>
> Sentaor Astur as well as others are admirably trying to reform the
> CP back to Republican practice. I wish to know Ti. Galerius's
> support of this -not yours. He is the one who wishes to be consul.
> M. Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
> producer "Vox Romana" podcast
>
>
> > Salve Marca Hortensia Maior.
> >
> > It should be apparent that Tb. Galerius Paulinus honors Dii
> Immortales and has kept his Oaths of Office under the
Constitution.
> He is actually more involved in the historical practices of the
> praetor's office than many who follow the Sacra et Religio.
> Furthermore, he is the minority in the Galeri as most of the
family
> are Cultores Deorum.
>
> If appears to me that he is stating that he does not support
> political interference in the affairs of the Sacred College by
> elected magistrates whether they are Cultores Deorum or, if you'll
> pardon the term, gentiles (non-followers).
> > As a member of the current CP, I do not support any Senate
> involvement in the restoration and reconstruction of the Sacra et
> Religio Romana beyond those absolutely necessary to fill empty
> positions when a college has no members or very few; as per
> historical example. Nova Roma has already had women as pontiffs
> (although none are active) and we continue to have a number of
women
> in sacred posts; including my sister, Violentilla Galeria
Saltarix,
> and my materfamilias, Helena Galeria Aureliana. I hope to see
more
> men and women applying to the Sacred Colleges for membership as
> pontiffs, augurs, epulones, and other positions.
> >
> > F. Galerius Aurelianus
> >
> >
> >
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: rory12001@
> > To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> > Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 12:37 AM
> > Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session
> >
> >
> > Salve Ti. Galeri;
> > so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius
> Maximus
> > our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even
post
> > the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote
in
> > the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been
> trying
> > to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
> > What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know if
> you
> > are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
> > sympathies lie.
> > Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
> > producer "Vox Romana" podcast
> > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/
> > 1st vowed temple on NRWiki
> > http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/
> > Fortuna Populi Romani Quiritium
> >
> > > Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
> > >
> > > Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> > > Maximus had made his opinion know.
> > >
> > > I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in the
> > > Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had voted
> > again
> > > it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium
> Pontificum
> > > and so I voted for it.
> > >
> > > It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
> > Collegium
> > > Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was
changing
> > my
> > > vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so
> during
> > > voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
> > >
> > > Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I apologized
> > > twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I even
> said
> > > it would be better and more productive if Senators would
express
> > > there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
> > >
> > > See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006
4:41
> pm
> > >
> > > Consul you said in part
> > >
> > > …"Do you have free will or do others think for you? â
€¦
> > >
> > > There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on
> three
> > > of them.
> > >
> > > So who should I be independent of you or others?
> > >
> > > I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
> > allotted
> > > for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions on
a
> > > matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take
those
> > > opinions into account before the end of voting and we can
change
> > our
> > > minds.
> > >
> > > Vale
> > >
> > > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Yahoo! Groups Links
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
_____________________________________________________________________
> ___
> > Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety
and
> security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos
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> across the web, free AOL Mail and more.
> >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
>
>
>
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
_____________________________________________________________________
___
> Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety and
security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos from
across the web, free AOL Mail and more.
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46461 From: drumax.tribal Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
An observation if I may. I have only been here for a small amount of
time and I have made some minor observations. You could say they are
from a relative outsider. I made my previous statement not out of any
loyalties but because I simply observed that there are some that seem
to lack basic social etiquette and often their statements are not
received well because of the way they present them. Instead of coming
off as minor criticism they come off as insulting. It was suggested
that this is a possible language barrier but I discard this simply
because as a dealer in ancient coins, world coins, and a world
traveler I come into contact with many people whose native tongue is
not English and they have no problem at all making a point or
criticism without sounding pompous and insulting. The people in
question here seem to have no problem writing long well worded
diatribes in English it seems to me. I myself speak English, Spanish
and SOME German without encountering this problem myself.

I am a simple man of few words and I have always held to the concept,
why say something in 3 paragraphs that can be said in 3 words and see
no reason to muddle my feelings on this. Because of my passion for
all things Roman (save the religion) I have decided to become a
citizen here and it is that passion for all things Roman that will
keep me here and like I said in my previous post I am more than happy
to let such statements pass without comment. Someone commented thus I
decided to express the fact that I agreed. It's as simple as that. I
have even seen discussions in the newroman list that say, in
essence, if you wish to ask questions it is the best t do it there
because this main list can be harsh. It can be harsh because some
people are almost antagonistic. Is this how Nova Roma wants to
present itself to new members? Should new members be warned to step
lightly or suffer minor verbal abuse and harsh correction of every
little error they might make? Always remember that you will catch
more flies with sugar than with vinegar. This is an endevour whe take
on for fun correct? Why would people, even office holders be expected
to put up with 'bad..ugly' critique? Is it fun to suffer peoples
abuse? Is anything so important to warrant it? Are we not all here
for similar reasons? to make friends with follow Roman Enthusiast? I
dont care if I am just an ordinary citizen of a senator, I will not
suffer insulting 'ugly' statements made towards me, one can be civil
or one can be dismissed.


This seems to be a great organization but I think some people
energies could be spent more wisely on more beneficial tasks and some
people could better learn how to interact with others. I do not
exclude myself in this. Enough said from me on this and I apologize
if I have contributed to any disagreements.

Appius Claudius Drusus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46462 From: Lucius Iunius Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Pompeia Minucia Strabos Comment
Iunius Scholasticae sal.

Gaudeo quia ad nos incolumis rediisti.

Scripsisti: "Actually, this may mean I, Pompeia, reply, just as well. It's also a heck of a lot
more likely, nonne?"

You're quite right, Scholastica, that does sound more likely. I suppose I'm not used to
such a... colorful manner of expression. I, Iunius, apologize to the Consul if I misread her.

Scripsisti: "Assuming, as we seem to be compelled to do, that Consul Strabo is feminine,
then the word consul should also be feminine, so the correct form would be consul mea.
Avitus has informed us that scriba is feminine when applied to woman, though it is
normally a masculine noun of the (usually feminine) first declension, so let us assume that
similar rules apply."

I was compelled to follow that very same assumption, Scholastica, but while operating
under the apparently false impression that both mi and mea serve as feminine vocative
forms of meus. If I am mistaken then I thank you, as always, for your kind correction.

Scripsisti: "Not all native speakers are equally fluent in the use of their native tongues.
You missed seeing some gems from other magistrates who are native speakers of English,
having arrived to late to enjoy (so to speak) them."

Really? It's a shame, then, that I've arrived so very late.

Vale.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46463 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key words?
Salve M. Hortensia Maior,

Are you actually reading my posts or just scanning them for key words? I am
not toeing the dear departed Boni party line. I am IN FAVOR of women being
active members of the Sacred Colleges and am nigh on to sick to death of the
CP dancing around the subject for the last two years. While I do not want to
see women in the cult of Hercules or male vestals, I would love to see some
of our citizens move up the ladder on the Sacred Colleges that are currently
being proposed.
I totally respect Astur Pontifex and continue to learn from him even though
we have our difference. I want to work with you in the province even though
we are having our differences right now.

F. Galerius Aurelianus.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46464 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
Cato F. Galerio Aureliano M. Hortensiae Maiori quiritibusque SPD

Salvete omnes.

Lady, gentleman, step back for just a moment.

Marca Hortensia, no-one has the right to decide how a group of
citizens should or should not interact with each other - the Galerii
have obviously found a way which makes them happy and comfortable, and
we should encourage that kind of thing. And dismissing the objections
of someone who is opposed to the proposal by deferring to its author's
supposed "authority" is a terrible fallacy. This smacks entirely of
the eternal dialogue between parent and child:

CHILD: "Why do I have to do it that way?"

PARENT: "Because I said so."

I have no doubt that Salix Astur put an enormous amount of effort and
time into crafting his proposal; it is logical, sound, and seems a
very real and determined response to the mind-bogglingly state of
lethargy which has infected the College thus far. But all the time
and effort in the world do not, in and of themselves, make a proposal
correct - nor simply does the sad state of the College of Pontiffs
justify it - and I would like to know why several of our pontiffs
disagree with it. And I would also be interested in Salix Astur's
explanation of where he finds this organizational framework supported
by ancient practice.

Our law states that the College of Pontiffs alone has the authority

"To issue decreta (decrees) on matters relevant to the Religio Romana
and its own internal procedures (such decreta may not be overruled by
laws passed in the comitia or Senatus consultum)." (lex Const. VI.B.c)

And suddenly it has disappeared in this proposal. To quote Senator
Lucius Sergius Australicus, I am not a "treehugger", nor am I a "fuzzy
bunny lover"; I am, however, a Christian, and although I have no
intent to undermine the Religio - nor do any of the Christians within
the Republic plan to do so to my knowledge - putting the internal
procedures of the Religio at the mercy of anyone other than those
entrusted by the People to uphold the Religio is an odd state of affairs.

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46465 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key words?
M. Hortensia Fl. Galerio Aureliano spd;
yes I read your entire post. The point being that your
post, like the departed Boni's never discussed what was wrong
specifically with the return to Roman Law and Roman religious law.
Having differing points of view is fine, but they must
make some coherent sense. Now the pontiffs are supposed to be the
experts in Roman religious law.
We have 3 Pontiffs: Astur, who drafted & did the research,
Metellus who is a classics scholar & voted for it, and Modianus
another classics major who voted for it.
And Ti. Galerius Paulinus chooses you and Helena Galeria
who know nil in this area to advise him because you belong to the
same gens. Eheu..
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
producer "Vox Romana" podcast


> Salve M. Hortensia Maior,
>
> Are you actually reading my posts or just scanning them for key
words? I am
> not toeing the dear departed Boni party line. I am IN FAVOR of
women being
> active members of the Sacred Colleges and am nigh on to sick to
death of the
> CP dancing around the subject for the last two years. While I do
not want to
> see women in the cult of Hercules or male vestals, I would love
to see some
> of our citizens move up the ladder on the Sacred Colleges that
are currently
> being proposed.
> I totally respect Astur Pontifex and continue to learn from him
even though
> we have our difference. I want to work with you in the province
even though
> we are having our differences right now.
>
> F. Galerius Aurelianus.
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46466 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
M. Hortensia Ti.Galerio Paulino spd;
you are running for Consul, you are asked to vote on a
serious matter of Constitutional reform of the Collegium Ponteficium.
Now whom do you consult? 2 Galeri & the Pontifex Maximus
who knows nil about religious law much less has 0 Latin, to even do
research.
Did you consult A. Apollonius Cordus? Classics scholar,
teacher of Roman law at Academia Thules, specialist in Roman
religious law & also a non-practitioner? No & you know him. Did you
consult anyone with command of this important subject? No.

Whether you are for the legislation or not. You simply did not
make an attempt to get the best information available.
This shows a real lack of good judgement.

I will vote for Lucius Arminius Faustus and Marcus Moravius
Piscinus Horatianus as Consules. One is a teacher at Academia Thules
of the Religio Romana, Flamen Carmentalis & a Latin speaker, Faustus
also is a Latin speaker with a Classics background, who has
chastised me more than once to behave like a Roman! That's the
calibre of Consul I ask for.
bene valete
Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
producer "Vox Romana" podcast


>
> Salve Marca Hortensia Maior
>
> "this is just what worries me. You are still adhering to an
> unhistorical notion of gens Galeria as one big family with a
> Pater"...
>
> No its just good manners, something you could use by the bucket
> full.
>
> Helena Galeria founded the gens Galeria and even though legal
> changes have been made to the gens structure, since we all joined,
> we sill respect her as being first.
>
> Please remember that F. Galerius Aurelianus is a member of the CP.
> He is more than qualified to give advice on these matters,
> especially when a magistrate ask for such.
>
> Helena Galeria is also a practitioner of the Religio and a student
> of it as well and so again she is qualified to give advice.
>
> For information on my views on the Religio please see my post
> number 46426
>
>
> Vale
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> Candidate for Consul
> Mea gloria fideles
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@> wrote:
> >
> > Salve F. Galerius Aureliane;
> > this is just what worries me. You are still adhereing to an
> > unhistorical notion of gens Galeria as one big family with a
pater
> &
> > materfamilias & Ti. Galerius looks to you & Helena Galeria.
> >
> > This is just historically wrong & has no basis in fact &
> absolutely
> > nothing to do with the practice of Roma Antiqua,the res publica
> and
> > how the Religio was administered.
> >
> > Sentaor Astur as well as others are admirably trying to reform
the
> > CP back to Republican practice. I wish to know Ti. Galerius's
> > support of this -not yours. He is the one who wishes to be
consul.
> > M. Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
> > producer "Vox Romana" podcast
> >
> >
> > > Salve Marca Hortensia Maior.
> > >
> > > It should be apparent that Tb. Galerius Paulinus honors Dii
> > Immortales and has kept his Oaths of Office under the
> Constitution.
> > He is actually more involved in the historical practices of the
> > praetor's office than many who follow the Sacra et Religio.
> > Furthermore, he is the minority in the Galeri as most of the
> family
> > are Cultores Deorum.
> >
> > If appears to me that he is stating that he does not support
> > political interference in the affairs of the Sacred College by
> > elected magistrates whether they are Cultores Deorum or, if
you'll
> > pardon the term, gentiles (non-followers).
> > > As a member of the current CP, I do not support any Senate
> > involvement in the restoration and reconstruction of the Sacra
et
> > Religio Romana beyond those absolutely necessary to fill empty
> > positions when a college has no members or very few; as per
> > historical example. Nova Roma has already had women as pontiffs
> > (although none are active) and we continue to have a number of
> women
> > in sacred posts; including my sister, Violentilla Galeria
> Saltarix,
> > and my materfamilias, Helena Galeria Aureliana. I hope to see
> more
> > men and women applying to the Sacred Colleges for membership as
> > pontiffs, augurs, epulones, and other positions.
> > >
> > > F. Galerius Aurelianus
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > -----Original Message-----
> > > From: rory12001@
> > > To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> > > Sent: Thu, 19 Oct 2006 12:37 AM
> > > Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Report of Senate Session
> > >
> > >
> > > Salve Ti. Galeri;
> > > so as Consul you would follow the lead of Q. Fabius
> > Maximus
> > > our non-acting, woman-barring pontiff? He is too busy to even
> post
> > > the important Feria on the Religio list. Or turn up for a vote
> in
> > > the CP. Consul Modianus with other active pontiffs has been
> > trying
> > > to move the Collegium Pontificum to an historical basis.
> > > What are your reasons? I sure as heck want to know
if
> > you
> > > are running for Consul & as a non-practictioner where your
> > > sympathies lie.
> > > Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
> > > producer "Vox Romana" podcast
> > > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/
> > > 1st vowed temple on NRWiki
> > > http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/
> > > Fortuna Populi Romani
Quiritium
> > >
> > > > Salve Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus
> > > >
> > > > Your are right I did vote for item V but before the Pontiff
> > > > Maximus had made his opinion know.
> > > >
> > > > I believe I asked you in private what the vote had been in
the
> > > > Collegium Pontificum. Based on the fact that no one had
voted
> > > again
> > > > it I believe it had the full support of the Collegium
> > Pontificum
> > > > and so I voted for it.
> > > >
> > > > It turned out that it did not have the full support of the
> > > Collegium
> > > > Pontificum and as I stated on the Senate list, I was
> changing
> > > my
> > > > vote based on the remarks of the Pontiff Maximus. He did so
> > during
> > > > voting and not during the debate, so I changed my mind.
> > > >
> > > > Not only did I say why I was changing my vote but I
apologized
> > > > twice, to you, for doing so and as you can see Consul I
even
> > said
> > > > it would be better and more productive if Senators would
> express
> > > > there opinion during debate and not during a vote.
> > > >
> > > > See Senate list post number Message #9215 Sat Oct 14, 2006
> 4:41
> > pm
> > > >
> > > > Consul you said in part
> > > >
> > > > …"Do you have free will or do others think for you? …
> > > >
> > > > There were five items to be voted onand I voted your way on
> > three
> > > > of them.
> > > >
> > > > So who should I be independent of you or others?
> > > >
> > > > I do agree that there should be debate during the 96 hours
> > > allotted
> > > > for it. But if Senators choose not to voice their opinions
on
> a
> > > > matter until they cast a vote we do have the right to take
> those
> > > > opinions into account before the end of voting and we can
> change
> > > our
> > > > minds.
> > > >
> > > > Vale
> > > >
> > > > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> > > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Yahoo! Groups Links
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
>
_____________________________________________________________________
> > ___
> > > Check out the new AOL. Most comprehensive set of free safety
> and
> > security tools, free access to millions of high-quality videos
> from
> > across the web, free AOL Mail and more.
> > >
> > >
> > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > >
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46467 From: Lucius Arminius Faustus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Lucius Arminius Faustus for Consul of Nova Roma
Salve, excellent praetor,

Yes, I recall our titanic fights! Achilles and Agamennon hadn´t so heat
discussions! Thanks by the kind words... I´m very pleased that good
disagreement hasn´t felt into personal matters.

On clashing of ideas, we polish our minds...

Unfortunately, sometimes, people brings things to ´personal´ side. Oh, if I
would take personally when revoked the laws I´ve writen !!!!!

If we hear a Philippica by some bruised ego whenever we demands reforms...
Oh...

Vale,
L. Arminius Faustus


2006/10/10, Timothy P. Gallagher <spqr753@...>:
>
> Salve Romans
>
> After careful consideration I come before you to endorse the
> candidacy of
>
> Lucius Arminius Faustus for Consul of Nova Roma.
>
> I do so for a number of reasons.
>
> The first is that Lucius Arminius Faustus and I have history. We
> have served together as Tribunes. We have had some lively
> discussions and even some heated arguments but we kept them within
> the confines of the Tribunes list.
>
> We discussed topics and issues and did not let personalities get in
> the way of us doing our jobs.
>
> Did I like everything he said or did? NO. Did he like everything I
> said and did NO. But we were able to disagree without being
> disagreeable.
>
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46468 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key ...
Maior,

As politely as I can say this, you do not know what you are talking about.
You do not know anything about my qualifications as a flamen or our
materfamilias' qualifications as the principal sacerdoes of this province. A position
she has held under every propraetor of Austrorientalis since L. Sicinius
Drusus. You have never asked about our qualifications or our knowledge of the
Sacra et Religio. He asked for our advice because he trusts us and knows our
qualifications.
For your future information, I have only given advice to Tb. Galerius
Paulinus within a few specific areas and have referred him to others within the CP
for more information when I knew he could get better knowledge.
I have conducted a number of public and private rites. My family has built,
consecrated, and dedicated the only publicly accessible, physical templum to
a God within this province according to the best information on the rites to
do so. I cast the auguries as auspex for it, published the techniques, and
results on the ML. I have been active within the CP since being named flamen
Cerialis. I have contributed a good deal of material to the ML, House of
Vesta, RR, Hellenic Rites, and provincial lists about the Sacra et Religio.
Three Pontiffs, even those as respected and knowledgable as the three you
continue to prate about, are not the end all or be all of the Sacra et Religio.
There are others in the CP--flamen, pontifex, augur--who have contributed
to the reconstruction and reestablishment of the faith and practice here in
Nova Roma. The three pontiffs are those that voted to bring the matter to the
Senate for review before it goes before the Comitia. Ultimately, it will be
those citizens who decide whether the proposal will be returned to the Senate.
Finally, back the hades off from your continued criticism of my Nova Roma
family. I have yet to see any other plebeian or patrician gentes as strong,
happy, and contributing as the Gens Galeria.
Ita est.

F G A


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46469 From: Lucius Arminius Faustus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve, Marca,

I thanks your kindly words and support.

Unfortunately, I was on Galia during the vote on the Senate. I regret very
much hadn´t voted. Buy, by Concordia Publica, I know the Historical Way will
win!

But I´m very happy to see reforms going on on such a important matter.

--- No citizen shall be kept out of the priesthoods by politics! ---
--- Religio Romana is belief and worshipp, not a castle for some political
factions!!! ---
--- May the Comitia, Senate and Magistrates please the Gods with their
acting, the roman way! ---


Valete bene in pacem deorum,
L. Arminius Faustus

FAUSTUS FOR CONSUL!
FOR A MORE ROMAN NOVA ROMA!



2006/10/20, Maior <rory12001@...>:
>
> M. Hortensia Ti.Galerio Paulino spd;
> you are running for Consul, you are asked to vote on a
> serious matter of Constitutional reform of the Collegium Ponteficium.
> Now whom do you consult? 2 Galeri & the Pontifex Maximus
> who knows nil about religious law much less has 0 Latin, to even do
> research.
> Did you consult A. Apollonius Cordus? Classics scholar,
> teacher of Roman law at Academia Thules, specialist in Roman
> religious law & also a non-practitioner? No & you know him. Did you
> consult anyone with command of this important subject? No.
>
> Whether you are for the legislation or not. You simply did not
> make an attempt to get the best information available.
> This shows a real lack of good judgement.
>
> I will vote for Lucius Arminius Faustus and Marcus Moravius
> Piscinus Horatianus as Consules. One is a teacher at Academia Thules
> of the Religio Romana, Flamen Carmentalis & a Latin speaker, Faustus
> also is a Latin speaker with a Classics background, who has
> chastised me more than once to behave like a Roman! That's the
> calibre of Consul I ask for.
> bene valete
> Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
> producer "Vox Romana" podcast
>
>
> >


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46470 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve Maior,

> Faustus also is a Latin speaker with a Classics background, who has
> chastised me more than once to behave like a Roman!

Poor Faustus. A never ending and hopeless task ;)

Vale
Caesar
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46471 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2006-10-19
Subject: Re: Maior, are you reading my posts or just scanning for key ...
SALVETE !

Is not my intention to come in this private discussion.

I want to point out that I colaborated very well with all Galerii to
Ludi Apollinares.
Their dedication to the event is unquestionable.

VALETE,
IVL SABINVS

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... wrote:
My family has built, consecrated, and dedicated the only publicly
accessible, physical templum to a God within this province
according to the best information on the rites to do so. I cast
the auguries as auspex for it, published the techniques, and
> results on the ML. I have been active within the CP since being
named flamen Cerialis. I have contributed a good deal of material
to the ML, House of Vesta, RR, Hellenic Rites, and provincial lists
about the Sacra et Religio.>>>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46472 From: Kirsteen Wright Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: The Fact of the Gens Galeria
On 10/19/06, Maior <rory12001@...> wrote:


Nova Roma will please the gods just fine by renewing the Pax Romana
> of the res publica. Many are here because of their devotion to Roman
> republican ideals. I am. I have no desire to live in a polytheistic
> theocracy


I am sick to the back teeth with people who do not even believe in the gods,
having the utter hubris to tell us what will please them. Frankly, if you
don't follow the religio don't try to tell people what's acceptable to the
gods - that's just downright insulting. Don't tell me what to do in my
religion, I won't tell you what to do in yours.

Flavia Lucilla Merula


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46473 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Salve TGP,

<Salve Marca Hortensia Maior
<No its just good manners, something you could use by the bucket
<full.
No argument there from me...

<Helena Galeria founded the gens Galeria and even though legal
<changes have been made to the gens structure, since we all joined,
<we sill respect her as being first.

I agree withj that. I consider Octavius my Paterfamilias. I especially did
not ask to be emancipated yet for some reason I was. I don't know who made
the mistake in the Censors office, but no big deal. I didn't bother to send
an "unemancipate me email" :-) still though, to me he his head of the Gens.

Valete,
Diana
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46474 From: os390account Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: about the discussion about number of laws
Salvete!

Precisely what I had in mind, plus a section for running commentary
on a per lex basis, plus a section for rulings.

Valete,
Q. Valerius Callidus

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "M. Lucretius Agricola"
<wm_hogue@...> wrote:
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "os390account" <Velaki@> wrote:
> >
> > Salvete!
> >
>
> ...
>
> >
> > In keeping with many ancient, and modern, traditions regarding
> > applied law, I would like to propose extentions to the tabularium
> > consisting of a compendium of applicable interpretive commentary
to
> > each law.
>
> Do you mean like the Codex Juris Novae Romae?
> http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Codex_Juris_Novae_Romae
>
> Fuscus started that and I think he has a lot more to add. I asked
him
> to hold off a bit until we had the naming of leges straightened out.
>
> optime vale
>
> Agricola
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46475 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: a.d. XIII Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XIII Kalendas Novembris; haec dies comitialis est.


"In addition to these measures I find the following recorded by
various authorities. L. Genucius, a tribune of the plebs, brought
before them a measure declaring usury illegal, whilst other
resolutions were adopted forbidding any one to accept re-election to
the same office in less than ten years or fill two offices in the same
year, and also that both consuls might legally be elected from the
plebs. If all these concessions were really made it is quite clear
that the revolt possessed considerable strength. In other annalists it
is stated that Valerius was not nominated Dictator, but the matter was
entirely arranged by the consuls; also that it was not before they
came to Rome but in Rome itself that the body of conspirators broke
out into armed revolt; also that it was not to T. Quinctius' farm but
to the house of C. Manlius that the nocturnal visit was paid, and that
it was Manlius who was seized by the conspirators and made their
leader, after which they marched out to a distance of four miles and
entrenched themselves; also that it was not their leaders who made the
first suggestions of concord, but what happened was that as the two
armies advanced towards each other prepared for action the soldiers
exchanged mutual greetings, and as they drew nearer grasped each
other's hands and embraced one another, and the consuls, seeing how
averse the soldiers were from fighting, yielded to circumstances and
made proposals to the senate for reconciliation and concord. Thus the
ancient authorities agree in nothing but the simple fact that there
was a mutiny and that it was suppressed. The report of this
disturbance and the seriousness of the war which had been commenced
with the Samnites made many nationalities averse from an alliance with
Rome. The Latins had long been faithless to their treaty, and in
addition to that the Privernates made a sudden incursion and
devastated the neighbouring Roman colonies of Norba and Setia.' -
Livy, History of Rome 7.42



ROMAN REPUBLICAN TERMS - REX SACRORUM

"He next gave his attention to the affairs of religion. Certain public
functions had hitherto been executed by the kings in person; with the
view of supplying their place a "king for sacrifices" was created, and
lest he should become king in anything more than name, and so threaten
that liberty which was their first care, his office was made
subordinate to the Pontifex Maximus." - Livy, History of Rome 2.2

"But to the end that the name, too, of the kingly power, which is
traditional with us and made its way into our commonwealth with
favourable auguries that manifested the approbation of the gods, may
be preserved for form's sake, let there always be appointed a king of
sacred rites, who shall enjoy the honour for life exempt from all
military and civil duties and, like the "king" at Athens, exercising
this single function, the superintendence of the sacrifices, and no
other." - Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 74.4

"Is it because in early times the kings performed greater part of the
most important rites, and themselves offered the sacrifices with the
assistance of the priests? But when they did not practise moderation,
but were arrogant and oppressive, most of the Greek states took away
their authority, and left to them only the offering of the sacrifice
to the gods; but the Romans expelled their kings altogether, and to
offer the sacrifices they appointed another, whom they did not allow
to hold office or to address the people, so that in their sacred rites
only they might seem to be subject to a king, and to tolerate a
kingship only on the gods' account." - Plutarch, The Roman Questions 63

When the Roman Republic overthrew the Roman Kingdom in 510 BC, the
notion persisted that a king of Rome had to be installed in order to
perform certain rituals that the king of Rome traditionally presided
over. The Romans therefore appointed a rex sacrorum, literally king of
the sacred rites, in order to discharge the religious duties of the
king. The rex sacrorum was, of course, a patrician, appointed to the
priesthood for life by the pontifex maximus. In theory and in social
precedence, the rex sacrorum was the highest ranking priest in the
Roman religion, in practice his influence was far less than that of
the pontifex maximus. He was exempt from all civilian or military
duties; he wielded no civil or military influence. Because of this,
the office was never coveted by the plebeians, and remained a
patrician monopoly until it was abolished during the reign of
Theodosius I in 390 AD. His wife, also, was a priest, and she became
known as the regina sacrorum, "queen of the sacred rites."

The rex sacrorum and regina sacrorum presided over a sacrifice that
was offered several times a month, on the Ides, Nones, and Kalends of
the Roman calendar; he to Jupiter, she to Juno. He also played an
important role in the yearly religious ritual of the Regifugium, which
commemorated the expulsion of the last king from Rome. The rex
sacrorum was also charged with the duty of placating the gods on
behalf of the Roman state when evil omens were discerned.

Another Roman priest given the title of "king" was the rex Nemorensis,
an escaped slave who was priest of Diana at Nemi, and who attained his
position of uneasy honour by killing the previous incumbent of his
priesthood, after showing his worthiness by plucking a bough from a
sacred tree.


Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Livy, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Plutarch, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46476 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Off Topic: Egyptian Khepesh for sale
Salvette,
I just wanted to let all of my fellow Nova Romans know that a world
renowned bladesmith has offered me two exquisite Egyptian Khepeshes at
a huge discount. These are one of a kind, hand smelted and forged of
pure demascus. I will be more than happy to email you pictures and
prices. One of them has 24K gold fittings, and is done in the Anubis
motiff. Also, is you are into 16th century Japanese swords, he has a
sword called the Mondavi which is made of demascus with rosewood
handle. All three are period perfect, no modern tools or techniques
were used.

Vale
Marcus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46477 From: M.J. Cope (Cincinnatus) Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus Augur Quiritibus salutem dicit

Please excuse me for interrupting the Hortensia v Galeria feud.

Our good Censor Marinus asked for additional information.
"I understand that you're quoting this from a published work. I'd be
interested in knowing what note 261 says, if you could please provide it."

L Equitius, sure thing,

261 Armilustum: see Varro, LL, 5.15.3; 6.22 ; Festus, 17L; Plut. Rom. 23.3;
Lydus, de meus. 4.34. The Participation of the Salii is not directly
attested, but probably rightly assumed. (The argument that the Salii were
active in October because the duties of Scipio Africanus as a Salian priest
before Magnesia delayed him in October, no longer applies if in fact the
calendar was so out gear that it was registering March 189, through October
190 by the Julian reckoning) Cf. F.W. Walbank, Polybius, iii, 105.


Vale
________________________________________________________________________

5a. ARMILUSTIUM
Posted by: "M.J. Cope (Cincinnatus)" vergil96@... l_equitius
Date: Thu Oct 19, 2006 7:33 am (PDT)

Ex Domo Flamen Martalis Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus Augur Quiritibus salutem
dicit

Mars nos protegas


19 October XIV KAL. NOV.
NP Dies religiosus
ARMILUSTIUM

The beginning of the campaigning season in March had been marked by the
dancing of the Salii through the streets (p. 85), the Equirria (p. 89), the
Quinquatrus and the Tubilustrium (p. 92), so its end in October saw the
ceremonies of the October horse and the Armilustrium when the army had to be
purified from the dangerous infection that it may have incurred from contact
with bloodshed and strangers. This was a festival in honour of Mars; his
Salian priests probably once again danced and sang through the streets,
during the sacrifices tubae were sounded, and the arma and ancillia were
purified and then put away until the next year. It appears from Plutarch and
Varro that the lustratio was performed on the Aventine 'ad Circum Maximum'
in an open space called Armilustrium (it lay south of the church of S.
Sabina), the Aventine possibly being the last point in the procession of the
Salii. note 261
An entry in the Praenestine calendar seems to apply to 20 October, but it
could be a note to the previous day's Armilustrium. It runs '[...] sanguinem
gustare antea frequenter solebant' (they frequently used blood to taste
blood before'). This presumably refers to the tasting of blood from the
sacrifice, a practice which had apparently ceased by the time of Augustus
when the calendar was composed.

From 'Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic' by HH Scullard

Valete

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]



Messages in this topic (2)
________________________________________________________________________

5b. Re: ARMILUSTIUM
Posted by: "Gnaeus Equitius Marinus" gawne@... equitius_marinus
Date: Thu Oct 19, 2006 7:43 am (PDT)

Salve Luci Equiti,

"M.J. Cope \(Cincinnatus\)" <vergil96@...> writes:

> the Aventine possibly being the last point in the
> procession of the Salii. note 261

I understand that you're quoting this from a published work. I'd be
interested in knowing what note 261 says, if you could please provide it.

Otherwise, thank you for taking the time to post about this important
festival.

Vale,

CN.EQVIT.MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46478 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
A. Apollonius C. Equitio sal.

> Since Salvius Astur published his proposals a
few months ago there really has been no discussion; they *seem*
reasonable to me, but since we may be asked to vote on them in the

near future, it might be in the interests of the parties involved to
express their reason(s) for supporting or rejecting them.
<

There was a little discussion. I suggested a couple of changes: Cn. Salvius agreed that they would improve the draft. They were not, however, included in a new draft, and the uncorrected draft is the one which was approved by the pontifices. I asked what had happened to the suggested changes, and Q. Metellus indicated that he thought they had been omitted inadvertantly rather than deliberately. The same original and unamended draft has just been approved by the senate. I don't know whether this was deliberate or again inadvertant.

I'm sorry to keep banging this drum. If someone has decided that my suggestions are not good ones, I shan't complain. But if they are considered useful, it would be a shame for them to be left out by mistake.



Send instant messages to your online friends http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46479 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Armilustrum [was Digest Number 2643]
Salvete

The first reference to Varro is probably L.L. V.153:
"Armilustrium, 'the purification of the arms,' (is) from the going
around (or carrying around) of the lustrum (purificatory offering);
and the same place is called Circus Maximus, because, being the place
where games are performed, it is built up circum (round about), for
the shows, and because there the procession goes and horses race
circum (around) the turning posts."

The other reference taken from Varro at L. L. VI.62 is "Armilustrium
ab eo quod in armilustrio armati sacra faciunt... ab ludendo aut
lustro, quod circumibant ludentes ancilibus armati." And Festus 19,
following Varro, has, "Armilustrium festum erat apud Romanos, quos
res divinas armati faciebant ac dum sacrificarent tubis canebant."

The assumption that the Sali participated in the Armilustrium is
based on Varro's mention of the ancila, however he makes mention of
them only as an example of the kind of purification that had
offerings led or carried around that which was being purified.
Another example would be the rite described by Cato in De Agricultura
141, which is a rite that Cato performed to Mars but elsewhere is
associated by Virgil and Tibullus with Ceres. Also there is mention
of Julius Caesar halting his army in North Africa to perform a
purification ritual of this type, and there are images of soldiers
conducting such a lustratio. The rite of the Sali is a purification
rite, one probably intended to ward off disease in springtime rather
than as has been posed as the beginning of the campaigning season.
There isn't anything that would seem to connect Mars to the
Armilustrium, or therefore His Sali priests, especially with Varro's
mention that it took place near the Circus Maximus. There is no
known altar of Mars in the area. The arms of an army had to be
purified outside the pomerium, by why such a rite would be conducted
in this particular area isn't clear. It may be because it lays near
the Forum Boarium, which had been associated with foreigners perhaps
from the very beginning of Rome.

This festival, and that of the October horse to which the
Armilustrium is often connected, do not correspond to the end of a
Roman campaigning season. Campaigns would have ended by the Ides of
September when spoils were to be presented to Jupiter and Consules
once laid down their offices. The October horse corresponds with
some harvest festivals and is part of an agricultural cycle in the
old calendar. The Armilustrium of October is not a reflection of the
Tubilustrium of late March, the latter is a purification of trumpets
used to call the Comitia Curiata to assemble in order to hear wills
and adoptions pronounced - nothing to do with war. So why the
Armilustrium was held at this time of year, why at the place
indicated by Varro, and what its purpose was or who participated in
it is all uncertain.

Valete optime
M Moravius Piscinus

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "M.J. Cope \(Cincinnatus\)"
<vergil96@...> wrote:
>
> Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus Augur Quiritibus salutem dicit
>
> Please excuse me for interrupting the Hortensia v Galeria feud.
>
> Our good Censor Marinus asked for additional information.
> "I understand that you're quoting this from a published work. I'd
be
> interested in knowing what note 261 says, if you could please
provide it."
>
> L Equitius, sure thing,
>
> 261 Armilustum: see Varro, LL, 5.15.3; 6.22 ; Festus, 17L; Plut.
Rom. 23.3;
> Lydus, de meus. 4.34. The Participation of the Salii is not directly
> attested, but probably rightly assumed. (The argument that the
Salii were
> active in October because the duties of Scipio Africanus as a
Salian priest
> before Magnesia delayed him in October, no longer applies if in
fact the
> calendar was so out gear that it was registering March 189, through
October
> 190 by the Julian reckoning) Cf. F.W. Walbank, Polybius, iii, 105.
>
>
> Vale
>
______________________________________________________________________
__
>
> 5a. ARMILUSTIUM
> Posted by: "M.J. Cope (Cincinnatus)" vergil96@... l_equitius
> Date: Thu Oct 19, 2006 7:33 am (PDT)
>
> Ex Domo Flamen Martalis Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus Augur
Quiritibus salutem
> dicit
>
> Mars nos protegas
>
>
> 19 October XIV KAL. NOV.
> NP Dies religiosus
> ARMILUSTIUM
>
> The beginning of the campaigning season in March had been marked by
the
> dancing of the Salii through the streets (p. 85), the Equirria (p.
89), the
> Quinquatrus and the Tubilustrium (p. 92), so its end in October saw
the
> ceremonies of the October horse and the Armilustrium when the army
had to be
> purified from the dangerous infection that it may have incurred
from contact
> with bloodshed and strangers. This was a festival in honour of
Mars; his
> Salian priests probably once again danced and sang through the
streets,
> during the sacrifices tubae were sounded, and the arma and
ancillia were
> purified and then put away until the next year. It appears from
Plutarch and
> Varro that the lustratio was performed on the Aventine 'ad Circum
Maximum'
> in an open space called Armilustrium (it lay south of the church of
S.
> Sabina), the Aventine possibly being the last point in the
procession of the
> Salii. note 261
> An entry in the Praenestine calendar seems to apply to 20
October, but it
> could be a note to the previous day's Armilustrium. It runs '[...]
sanguinem
> gustare antea frequenter solebant' (they frequently used blood to
taste
> blood before'). This presumably refers to the tasting of blood from
the
> sacrifice, a practice which had apparently ceased by the time of
Augustus
> when the calendar was composed.
>
> From 'Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman Republic' by HH Scullard
>
> Valete
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>
> Messages in this topic (2)
>
______________________________________________________________________
__
>
> 5b. Re: ARMILUSTIUM
> Posted by: "Gnaeus Equitius Marinus" gawne@... equitius_marinus
> Date: Thu Oct 19, 2006 7:43 am (PDT)
>
> Salve Luci Equiti,
>
> "M.J. Cope \(Cincinnatus\)" <vergil96@...> writes:
>
> > the Aventine possibly being the last point in the
> > procession of the Salii. note 261
>
> I understand that you're quoting this from a published work. I'd be
> interested in knowing what note 261 says, if you could please
provide it.
>
> Otherwise, thank you for taking the time to post about this
important
> festival.
>
> Vale,
>
> CN.EQVIT.MARINVS
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46480 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
M. Hortensia A. Apollonio spd;
Corde, would you kindly explain to one and all why it
would be a Good Thing to vote for this reform of the CP.?
for all Nova Romans; polytheists, philosophers, monotheists
etc..
M. Hortensia Maior


> > Since Salvius Astur published his proposals a
> few months ago there really has been no discussion; they *seem*
> reasonable to me, but since we may be asked to vote on them in the
>
> near future, it might be in the interests of the parties involved
to
> express their reason(s) for supporting or rejecting them.
> <
>
> There was a little discussion. I suggested a couple of changes:
Cn. Salvius agreed that they would improve the draft. They were
not, however, included in a new draft, and the uncorrected draft is
the one which was approved by the pontifices. I asked what had
happened to the suggested changes, and Q. Metellus indicated that he
thought they had been omitted inadvertantly rather than
deliberately. The same original and unamended draft has just been
approved by the senate. I don't know whether this was deliberate or
again inadvertant.
>
> I'm sorry to keep banging this drum. If someone has decided that
my suggestions are not good ones, I shan't complain. But if they
are considered useful, it would be a shame for them to be left out
by mistake.
>
>
>
> Send instant messages to your online friends
http://uk.messenger.yahoo.com
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46481 From: drumax Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Off Topic: Egyptian Khepesh for sale
Could you send clear pics to drumax@... as well as price?

thanks

On Fri, 20 Oct 2006 14:47:29 -0000, legio_vi_tribunis wrote
> Salvette,
> I just wanted to let all of my fellow Nova Romans know that a world
> renowned bladesmith has offered me two exquisite Egyptian Khepeshes at
> a huge discount. These are one of a kind, hand smelted and forged of
> pure demascus. I will be more than happy to email you pictures and
> prices. One of them has 24K gold fittings, and is done in the Anubis
> motiff. Also, is you are into 16th century Japanese swords, he has a
> sword called the Mondavi which is made of demascus with rosewood
> handle. All three are period perfect, no modern tools or techniques
> were used.
>
> Vale
> Marcus
>
>




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46482 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
F. Galerius Aurelianus S.P.D.

No Hortensia-Galeria feud. 14 Galeri, 2 Hortensi. It would be unfair to
have feud with very small domus of very small gens. Besides, Maior and I just
having little written exchange for purposes of education and clarification.
She is welcome to say whatever she want about me as long as she leave my
family out of it and I will keep her domus out of my posts.
Besides, we are both plebs and from same province. Not even considered
strong language in these parts.

Valete.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46483 From: Quintus Suetonius Paulinus (Michael Kell Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
Salvete omnes,

I know some citizens say that these little scraps or feuds put some
citizens or list members off and cause them to leave but I do not
doubt that many others get a kick out of the odd tiff and enjoy the
entertainment whilst sipping a spiced wine, cup off coffee or
chewing on the sweet meats. I am willing to wager my denaris that if
the lists just stuck to heavy political science, how to sew ancient
clothing or just tactics and weapons used in a particular Roman
battle, we would not have so many postings.

These discussions are something like a feud in a family restaurant.
If a couple seems upset and depressed and talking over their
problems in a whisper (ie talk off list privately),then it is very
rude to look at them or try and listen in and interfere - on the
other hand if voices are raised and quite the public scenes made,
then in fairness, it is entertainment for all! Anyway, I sure do not
mind seeing nor am offended by heated discussions or some verbal
sparring once and a while.


Regards,

Quintus Suetonius Paulinus














--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... wrote:
>
> F. Galerius Aurelianus S.P.D.
>
> No Hortensia-Galeria feud. 14 Galeri, 2 Hortensi. It would be
unfair to
> have feud with very small domus of very small gens. Besides,
Maior and I just
> having little written exchange for purposes of education and
clarification.
> She is welcome to say whatever she want about me as long as she
leave my
> family out of it and I will keep her domus out of my posts.
> Besides, we are both plebs and from same province. Not even
considered
> strong language in these parts.
>
> Valete.
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46484 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori sal.

Salve Marca Hortensia!

Could not the actual author of the proposal do so?

Vale bene,

Cato



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia A. Apollonio spd;
> Corde, would you kindly explain to one and all why it
> would be a Good Thing to vote for this reform of the CP.?
> for all Nova Romans; polytheists, philosophers, monotheists
> etc..
> M. Hortensia Maior
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46485 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
M. Hortensia G. Equitio spd;
well I don't think so amice, as Pontiff Astur is getting
married tomorrow;-). It's also term break so I don't know if
Pontiffs Modianus and Metellus are away from school, which is why I
asked A. Apollonius Cordus, as he'd seen it, made comments & seemed
to me an impeccable person to discuss the pros & cons.
cura ut valeas
Marca Hortensia Maior

> Could not the actual author of the proposal do so?
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@> wrote:
> >
> > M. Hortensia A. Apollonio spd;
> > Corde, would you kindly explain to one and all why
it
> > would be a Good Thing to vote for this reform of the CP.?
> > for all Nova Romans; polytheists, philosophers,
monotheists
> > etc..
> > M. Hortensia Maior
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46486 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato M. Hortensiae sal.makes sen

WOOHOO! I'd forgotten! Well, that's a very good reason, indeed. I
know we will have opportunity to discuss if the proposal is put before
the People, but I am specifically concerned about the eradication of
the clause regarding the pontifical decreta.

Vale,

Cato



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia G. Equitio spd;
> well I don't think so amice, as Pontiff Astur is getting
> married tomorrow;-). It's also term break so I don't know if
> Pontiffs Modianus and Metellus are away from school, which is why I
> asked A. Apollonius Cordus, as he'd seen it, made comments & seemed
> to me an impeccable person to discuss the pros & cons.
> cura ut valeas
> Marca Hortensia Maior
>
> > Could not the actual author of the proposal do so?
> >
> > Vale bene,
> >
> > Cato
> >
> >
> >
> > --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@> wrote:
> > >
> > > M. Hortensia A. Apollonio spd;
> > > Corde, would you kindly explain to one and all why
> it
> > > would be a Good Thing to vote for this reform of the CP.?
> > > for all Nova Romans; polytheists, philosophers,
> monotheists
> > > etc..
> > > M. Hortensia Maior
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46487 From: Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Congratulations!!!
Salve Amice!

Dear friend I wish You all the best when You marry today! I also wish
You and your bride wonderful wedding and a happy life!
--

Vale

Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus

Senator, Censorius et Consularis
Accensus GFBM
Praeses, Triumvir et Praescriptor Academia Thules ad S.R.A. et N.
Editor-in-Chief, Publisher and Owner of "Roman Times Quarterly"
Sodalitas Egressus Beneficarius et Praefectus Provincia Thules
Civis Romanus sum
************************************************
Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
"I'll either find a way or make one"
************************************************
Dignitas, Iustitia, Fidelitas et Pietas
Dignity, Justice, Loyalty and Dutifulness
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46488 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2643
Salve Luci Equiti,

Thank you. This is interesting information.

M.J. Cope (Cincinnatus) wrote:

> Lucius Equitius Cincinnatus Augur Quiritibus salutem dicit
[...]
> 261 Armilustum: see Varro, LL, 5.15.3; 6.22 ; Festus, 17L; Plut. Rom. 23.3;
> Lydus, de meus. 4.34. The Participation of the Salii is not directly
> attested, but probably rightly assumed. (The argument that the Salii were
> active in October because the duties of Scipio Africanus as a Salian priest
> before Magnesia delayed him in October, no longer applies if in fact the
> calendar was so out gear that it was registering March 189, through October
> 190 by the Julian reckoning) Cf. F.W. Walbank, Polybius, iii, 105.

Vale,

-- Marinus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46489 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Indeed!

A toast to Gnaeus Salvius Astur and his new bride! A libation for
their health and happiness!

And for the newish folks who don't know about whom we speak:
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Gnaeus_Salvius_Astur_%28Nova_Roma%29

optime valete

M. Lucretius Agricola

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
<christer.edling@...> wrote:
>
> Salve Amice!
>
> Dear friend I wish You all the best when You marry today! I also wish
> You and your bride wonderful wedding and a happy life!
> --
>
> Vale
>
> Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
>
> Senator, Censorius et Consularis
> Accensus GFBM
> Praeses, Triumvir et Praescriptor Academia Thules ad S.R.A. et N.
> Editor-in-Chief, Publisher and Owner of "Roman Times Quarterly"
> Sodalitas Egressus Beneficarius et Praefectus Provincia Thules
> Civis Romanus sum
> ************************************************
> Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
> "I'll either find a way or make one"
> ************************************************
> Dignitas, Iustitia, Fidelitas et Pietas
> Dignity, Justice, Loyalty and Dutifulness
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46490 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
---Salvete Lucreti et Omnes:

I'll drink to that. I don't have any wine though.....I think I have
a cold Thulian ale or two :>)

Pompeia

In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "M. Lucretius Agricola"
<wm_hogue@...> wrote:
>
> Indeed!
>
> A toast to Gnaeus Salvius Astur and his new bride! A libation for
> their health and happiness!
>
> And for the newish folks who don't know about whom we speak:
> http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Gnaeus_Salvius_Astur_%28Nova_Roma%29
>
> optime valete
>
> M. Lucretius Agricola
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
> <christer.edling@> wrote:
> >
> > Salve Amice!
> >
> > Dear friend I wish You all the best when You marry today! I also
wish
> > You and your bride wonderful wedding and a happy life!
> > --
> >
> > Vale
> >
> > Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
> >
> > Senator, Censorius et Consularis
> > Accensus GFBM
> > Praeses, Triumvir et Praescriptor Academia Thules ad S.R.A. et N.
> > Editor-in-Chief, Publisher and Owner of "Roman Times Quarterly"
> > Sodalitas Egressus Beneficarius et Praefectus Provincia Thules
> > Civis Romanus sum
> > ************************************************
> > Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
> > "I'll either find a way or make one"
> > ************************************************
> > Dignitas, Iustitia, Fidelitas et Pietas
> > Dignity, Justice, Loyalty and Dutifulness
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46491 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
For Astur and his bride:

Felicidades !!! Pa' dentro, Caballeros !!!

Los Sabinos.


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "M. Lucretius Agricola"
<wm_hogue@...> wrote:
>
> Indeed!
>
> A toast to Gnaeus Salvius Astur and his new bride! A libation for
> their health and happiness!
>
> And for the newish folks who don't know about whom we speak:
> http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Gnaeus_Salvius_Astur_%28Nova_Roma%29
>
> optime valete
>
> M. Lucretius Agricola
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
> <christer.edling@> wrote:
> >
> > Salve Amice!
> >
> > Dear friend I wish You all the best when You marry today! I also
wish
> > You and your bride wonderful wedding and a happy life!
> > --
> >
> > Vale
> >
> > Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
> >
> > Senator, Censorius et Consularis
> > Accensus GFBM
> > Praeses, Triumvir et Praescriptor Academia Thules ad S.R.A. et N.
> > Editor-in-Chief, Publisher and Owner of "Roman Times Quarterly"
> > Sodalitas Egressus Beneficarius et Praefectus Provincia Thules
> > Civis Romanus sum
> > ************************************************
> > Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
> > "I'll either find a way or make one"
> > ************************************************
> > Dignitas, Iustitia, Fidelitas et Pietas
> > Dignity, Justice, Loyalty and Dutifulness
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46492 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
SALVE AMICA !

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "pompeia_minucia_tiberia"
<pompeia_minucia_tiberia@...> wrote:

> I'll drink to that. I don't have any wine though.....>>>

I still remember my first days in NR. I still remember your preference
for an Amaretto or Hungarian Chardonnay...
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/message/31648
Anytime...

The time fly...I have two years and three days in NR , a lot of
friends and here is my second family.

BTW, Quinte Suetoni, I still have that promised bottle.

VALE BENE,
Sabinus.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46493 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
---



Salve Sabine Amice!


You have an awesome memory my friend I must say! I'm flattered. You
are quite right... especially regarding the Hungarian Chardonnay.
The unfortunate thing is, I can't seem to find it anymore, so unless
I think to buy it when I'm out of town (and I never do it seems),
I'm out of luck :(

If I could buy Astur a bottle or two of wedding wine (assuming he
drinks it) I would buy him that one for sure.

(And if he didn't drink it, well, the rest of us could help him,
right? After all, that's what friends are for ! :>))

Vale
Pompeia

In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Titus Iulius Sabinus"
<iulius_sabinus@...> wrote:
>
> SALVE AMICA !
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "pompeia_minucia_tiberia"
> <pompeia_minucia_tiberia@> wrote:
>
> > I'll drink to that. I don't have any wine though.....>>>
>
> I still remember my first days in NR. I still remember your
preference
> for an Amaretto or Hungarian Chardonnay...
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/message/31648
> Anytime...
>
> The time fly...I have two years and three days in NR , a lot of
> friends and here is my second family.
>
> BTW, Quinte Suetoni, I still have that promised bottle.
>
> VALE BENE,
> Sabinus.
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46494 From: Flavius Vedius Germanicus Date: 2006-10-20
Subject: The Sacrifice Fund
Omnibus S.P.D. Fl Vedius Germanicus

It's been a while since I've posted on the status of the Sacrifice Fund,
so here it is once more, to keep it in the public eye.

Thusfar, the Nova Roma Sacrifice Fund has received US$200 in pledges,
with other individuals having offered to help without naming a
particular sum.

What is the Nova Roma Sacrifice Fund?

In accordance with the decretum of the Collegium Pontificum dealing with
the subject of animal sacrifices, no state monies are currently to be
allocated for the purpose of funding animal sacrifice in the furtherance
of the Religio Publica. As private Citizens, on the other hand, we are
free to donate to such causes as we wish. The Sacrifice Fund, therefore,
is a completely private institution whose purpose is to help defray the
cost of conducting animal sacrifices by official priests, acting on
behalf of the Religio Publica.

Anyone wishing to make a pledge to the Sacrifice Fund, to help further
the cause of celebrating the Religio Publica as it was celebrated in
Roma Antiqua, please send me a private email and I'll add you to the
list. Send no money now; your pledge of support is sufficient at this
point. I would, however, ask you to name an amount, just to keep the
record-keeping simple.

Valete,

Flavius Vedius Germanicus
Pater Patriae
Consular
Senator

http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Flavius_Vedius_Germanicus_(Election_MMDCCLIX)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46495 From: Tita Artoria Marcella Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Salvete omnes,

Agricola scripsit:

>A toast to Gnaeus Salvius Astur and his new bride! A libation for
>their health and happiness!

Hear, hear! May his marriage be long and joyous!

Valete,
Artoria



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46496 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Gratulationes
A. Tullia Scholastica Cn. Salvio Asturi Carmini quiritibus, sociis,
peregrinisque omnibus S.P.D.

Astur amice, vobis ambobus de die nuptiarum vestrarum gratulor! Spero
vitam una cum Carmine nupta tua felicem esse. Timeo, autem, ne flos castus
vester magno in periculo sit... ;-)

ÂŒymhv, ÂŒymevaie...

Valete.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46497 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Salve Senator Flavi Vedi

While your initiative lies within the policy outlined in the Decretum
on Sacrifices http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/pontifices/2004-04-
24.html I must wonder whether it isn't premature and whether such a
fund might not be more wisely used at this point in time to further
promote sacra publica.

Pontifex Maximus M Cassius Julianus has called upon the Collegium
Pontificum and upon all sacerdotes to renew the religio Romana by
once more holding public rituals. For the time being the sacra
publica will not include immolationes, and indeed immolationes would
be specifically prohibited from certain caeremonia. For example,
immolationes are prohibited in any sacra publica held on behalf of
Carmentis, or held on the Parilia, or when conducting auspicia.
However, it is not even a matter of what kind of offerings are
provided in sacra publica at this time or in the future. It would
benefit and support the initiative proposed by the Pontifex Maximus
if a fund were made available now to help defer costs to our
sacerdotes publica and our provincial sacerdotes in holding the sacra
publica envisioned.

What the Pontifex Maximus has called for is that all sacerdotes
publica conduct sacra publica every other month. These may be
coordinated such that sacra publica are conducted every month on
behalf of Nova Roma. In conjunction with that initiative, and to
expand on it, we could seek to involve provincial sacerdotes
performing sacra publica on a regular basis as well, eventually
ensuring that sacra publica are performed in every provincia of Nova
Roma throughout the world. There are costs involved in performing
any sacra publica, whether immolationes are included or not. What
you are collecting for would in reality result in very few sacra
publica, because of the costs that would be involved, and could be
performed only rarely, and only in certain parts of the world that
would allow such sacrifices. Your initiative does not therefore lend
support to the initiative sought by Pontifex Maximus Cassius.

The fact is that Nova Roma is calling upon sacerdotes, and will do so
more and more, to travel to and perform sacra publica while Nova Roma
is not supporting these sacerdotes with either sufficient public
funds or private donations. This is not a problem solely in Nova
Roma. Throughout Pagan communities, priests are asked to perform
marriage ceremonies or other rites and rarely do they receive any
compensation for their services. If Nova Roma wishes to sustain a
priesthood for the religio Romana and to promote a regimen of public
rituals held on behalf of Nova Roma and its Citizens, then Nova Roma
and its Citizens need to begin offering their sacerdotes some support.

The need exists now for a Sacrifice Fund that is supported by private
contributions. It should not be restricted to using the fund solely
in support of immolationes. This is not even a question over whether
or not Nova Roma should condone blood sacrifices. It is a question
as to just how willing the Citizens of Nova Roma are to support their
sacerdotes. Earmarking your fund for immolationes alone does not
provide what is needed today. Promoting a fund intended solely for
immolationes only raises once more an issue that has proven divisive
in our community and has caused cultores Deorum to leave Nova Roma
because of the disputes it has generated. So I really must question
why, at this time, you would bring up the issue, as it does not
really aid the Pontifex Maximus in his effort to revitalize the
religio Romana in Nova Roma, and most likely it would do us much harm
in seeking contributions for what is needed at this time. Our
sacerdotes need our support. They need tangible support, financial
support, if they are to accomplish what the Pontifex Maximus expects
of them. So would it not be more beneficial to Nova Roma to have a
Sacrifice Fund supporting sacra publica as they are performed today
by all of our sacerdotes, rather than collect promissary notes to
support sacrifices that we do not now perform?

Vale optime
M Moravius Piscinus



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Flavius Vedius Germanicus
<germanicus@...> wrote:
>
> Omnibus S.P.D. Fl Vedius Germanicus
>
> It's been a while since I've posted on the status of the Sacrifice
Fund,
> so here it is once more, to keep it in the public eye.
>
> Thusfar, the Nova Roma Sacrifice Fund has received US$200 in
pledges,
> with other individuals having offered to help without naming a
> particular sum.
>
> What is the Nova Roma Sacrifice Fund?
>
> In accordance with the decretum of the Collegium Pontificum dealing
with
> the subject of animal sacrifices, no state monies are currently to
be
> allocated for the purpose of funding animal sacrifice in the
furtherance
> of the Religio Publica. As private Citizens, on the other hand, we
are
> free to donate to such causes as we wish. The Sacrifice Fund,
therefore,
> is a completely private institution whose purpose is to help defray
the
> cost of conducting animal sacrifices by official priests, acting on
> behalf of the Religio Publica.
>
> Anyone wishing to make a pledge to the Sacrifice Fund, to help
further
> the cause of celebrating the Religio Publica as it was celebrated
in
> Roma Antiqua, please send me a private email and I'll add you to
the
> list. Send no money now; your pledge of support is sufficient at
this
> point. I would, however, ask you to name an amount, just to keep
the
> record-keeping simple.
>
> Valete,
>
> Flavius Vedius Germanicus
> Pater Patriae
> Consular
> Senator
>
> http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Flavius_Vedius_Germanicus_
(Election_MMDCCLIX)
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46498 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: a.d. XII Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XII Kalendas Novembris; haec dies comitialis est.

"When messengers from Setia and Norba arrived in Rome with complaints
of a defeat they had suffered at the hands of the revolted
Privernates, the consulship was held by C. Plautius (for the second
time) and L. Aemilius Mamercus. News was also brought that an army of
Volscians led by the people of Antium had concentrated at Satricum.
Both wars fell to Plautius. He marched first to Privernum and at once
engaged the enemy who were defeated without much trouble The town was
captured and then given back to the Privernates after a strong
garrison had been placed in it; two-thirds of their territory were
confiscated. Then the victorious army was led against the Antiates at
Satricum. There a battle was fought with terrible bloodshed on both
sides, and whilst the result was still uncertain night separated the
combatants. The Romans were in no way discouraged by the
indecisiveness of the conflict, and prepared for battle the next day.
The Volscians, after reckoning up their losses in the battles, were by
no means eager to run any further risk; looking upon themselves as
defeated, they made a hurried departure to Antium in the night,
leaving their wounded and a part of their baggage behind. An immense
quantity of arms was found both amongst the dead on the field and in
the camp. These the consul said he was offering to Lua Mater. He then
ravaged the enemy's territories down to the sea-board. When the other
consul entered the Sabellian territory, he found that the Samnites had
no camp, no legions confronting him. Whilst he was laying waste their
fields with fire and sword, envoys came to him to ask for peace and he
referred them to the senate. After permission had been given them to
state their case, they laid aside their truculent manner and requested
that peace might be granted them and also the right of making war
against the Sidicines. They considered that they were the more
justified in making this request because they had formed friendly
relations with Rome when their affairs were prosperous, not as in the
case of the Campanians when they were in adversity, and they were
taking up arms against the Sidicines, who had always been their
enemies and never friends of Rome, who had not, like the Samnites,
sought its friendship in a time of peace, nor like the Campanians,
asked for its help in a time of war, and who were not under the
protection and suzerainty of Rome." - Livy, History of Rome 8.1



Today is the feast day of St. Ursula, Virgin and Martyr. According to
the legend Ursula, daughter of an English king, went on a pilgrimage
to Rome with (according to an interpretation error) eleven thousand
virgins in order to persuade her heathen intended husband, Aetherius,
to become baptized. When they passed by Cologne, they were martyred at
the hands of the Huns who were currently occupying the city. The
legend has it that after this happened, 11,000 angels drove the Huns
out of the city. According to another version, the King of the Huns is
said to have lifted the siege of Cologne after Ursula appeared to him
in a dream. The legend is based on the so-called Inscription of
Clematius (ca. AD 400) that reports of the martyrdom of the virgins.
Early on, on the current site of the Basilica of St Ursula, a chapel
was erected on top of a Roman graveyard and later replaced by a larger
church towards the end of the Roman era. Today, the eleven flames in
Cologne's coat of arms bear witness to Saint Ursula's role as patron
saint of Cologne. Her relics are worshipped in the church of St Ursula.

In November, 1493, on his second voyage, Columbus discovered a large
island surrounded by an archipelago. He named the largest island
Saint Ursula, and the others he called the Once Mil Vigines (the
11,000 Virgins.) They are still known today as the Virgin Islands.

Sabine Baring-Gould in "Curious Myths of the Middle Ages" (1867)
suggests that St. Ursula is the Christianised representative of the
old Teutonic goddess Freya (Frigg), who, in Thuringia, under the name
of Horsel or Ursel, and in Sweden Old Urschel, welcomed the souls of
dead maidens. Saint Ursula with her bow and arrow, her ship and
virginal companions, sails up the Rhine as Urschel, the Teutonic moon
goddess, sailed before her, with all the graceful attributes of Isis
and Diana. She is likely to be one of the saints who has become
confused with the old gods, that is, a real martyr's story has been
embellished with that particulars of older stories.

"The festival of Artemis at Patrai begins with a most splendid
procession in honor of Artemis, and the maiden officiating as
priestess rides last in the procession upon a car yoked to deer ...
the people throw alive upon the altar edible birds and every kind of
victim as well; there are wild boars, deer and gazelles; some bring
wolf-cubs or bear-cubs, others the full-grown beasts. They also place
upon the altar fruit of cultivated trees. Next they set fire to the
wood. At this point I have seen some of the beasts, including a bear,
forcing their way outside at the first rush of the flames, some of
them actually escaping by their strength. But those who threw them in
drag them back again to the pyre. It is not remembered that anybody
has ever been wounded by the beasts." - Pausanias, Guide to Greece 7.18.8

The Greek bear goddess is Artemis, the daughter of Leto and Zeus, and
the twin of Apollo. Artemis is the goddess of the wilderness, the hunt
and wild animals, and fertility (she became a goddess of fertility and
childbirth mainly in cities). She was often depicted with the crescent
of the moon above her forehead and was sometimes identified with
Selene (goddess of the moon). Artemis was one of the Olympians and a
virgin goddess. Her main vocation was to roam mountain forests and
uncultivated land with her nymphs in attendance hunting for lions,
panthers, hinds and stags. Contradictory to the later, she helped in
protecting and seeing to their well-being, also their safety and
reproduction. She was armed with a bow and arrows which were made by
Hephaestus and the Cyclopes.

In one legend, Artemis was born one day before her brother Apollo. Her
mother gave birth to her on the island of Ortygia, then, almost
immediately after her birth, she helped her mother to cross the
straits over to Delos, where she then delivered Apollo. This was the
beginning of her role as guardian of young children and patron of
women in childbirth. Being a goddess of contradictions, she was the
protectress of women in labor, but it was said that the arrows of
Artemis brought them sudden death while giving birth. As was her
brother, Apollo, Artemis was a divinity of healing, but also brought
and spread diseases such as leprosy, rabies and even gout.

Being associated with chastity, Artemis at an early age (in one legend
she was three years old) asked her father, the great god Zeus, to
grant her eternal virginity. Also, all her companions were virgins.
Artemis was very protective of her purity, and gave grave punishment
to any man who attempted to dishonor her in any form. Actaeon, while
out hunting, accidentally came upon Artemis and her nymphs, who
bathing naked in a secluded pool. Seeing them in all their naked
beauty, the stunned Actaeon stopped and gazed at them, but when
Artemis saw him ogling them, she transformed him into a stag. Then,
incensed with disgust, she set his own hounds upon him. They chased
and killed what they thought was another stag, but it was their
master. As with Orion, a giant and a great hunter, there are several
legends which tell of his death, one involving Artemis. It is said
that he tried to rape the virgin goddess, so she killed him with her
bow and arrows. Another says she conjured up a scorpion which killed
Orion and his dog. Orion became a constellation in the night sky, and
his dog became Sirius, the dog star. Yet another version says it was
the scorpion which stung him and was transformed into the
constellation with Orion, the later being Scorpio. Artemis was enraged
when one of her nymphs, Callisto, allowed Zeus to seduce her, but the
great god approached her in one of his guises; he came in the form of
Artemis. The young nymph was unwittingly tricked, and she gave birth
to Arcas, the ancestor of the Arcadians, but Artemis showed no mercy
and changed her into a bear. She then shot and killed her. As Orion,
she was sent up to the heavens, and became the constellation of the
Great Bear (which is also known as the Plough).

Artemis was very possessive. She would show her wrath on anyone who
disobeyed her wishes, especially against her sacred animals. Even the
great hero Agamemnon came upon the wrath of Artemis, when he killed a
stag in her sacred grove. His punishment came when his ships were
becalmed, while he made his way to besiege Troy. With no winds to sail
his ships he was told by the seer Calchas that the only way Artemis
would bring back the winds was for him to sacrifice his daughter
Iphigenia. Some versions say he did sacrifice Iphigenia, others that
Artemis exchanged a deer in her place, and took Iphigenia to the land
of the Tauri (the Crimea) as a priestess, to prepare strangers for
sacrifice to Artemis.

Artemis with her twin brother, Apollo, put to death the children of
Niobe. The reason being that Niobe, a mere mortal, had boasted to
Leto, the mother of the divine twins, that she had bore more children,
which must make her superior to Leto. Apollo being outraged at such an
insult on his mother, informed Artemis. The twin gods hunted them down
and shot them with their bows and arrows; Apollo killed the male
children and Artemis the girls.

Artemis was worshiped in most Greek cities but only as a secondary
deity. However, to the Greeks in Asia Minor (modern day Turkey) she
was a prominent deity. In Ephesus, a principal city of Asia Minor, a
great temple was built in her honor, which became one of the "Seven
Wonders of the Ancient World". But at Ephesus she was worshiped mainly
as a fertility goddess, and was identified with Cybele the mother
goddess of eastern lands. The cult statues of the Ephesian Artemis
differ greatly from those of mainland Greece, whereas she is depicted
as a huntress with her bow and arrows. Those found at Ephesus show her
in the eastern style, standing erect with numerous nodes on her chest.
There have been many theories as to what they represent. Some say they
are breasts, others that they are bulls testes which were sacrificed
to her. Which is the true interpretation remains uncertain, but each
represent fertility.

There were festivals in honor of Artemis, such as the Brauronia, which
was held in Brauron; and the festival of Artemis Orthia, held at
Sparta, when young Spartan boys would try to steal cheeses from the
altar. As they tried they would be whipped, the meaning of Orthia and
the nature of the ritual whipping has been lost and there is no
logical explanation or translation. Among the epithets given to
Artemis are: Potnia Theron (mistress of wild animals) this title was
mentioned by the great poet Homer; Kourotrophos (nurse of youths);
Locheia (helper in childbirth); Agrotera (huntress); and Cynthia
(taken from her birthplace on Mount Cynthus on Delos). When young
girls reached puberty they were initiated into her cult, but when they
decided to marry, which Artemis was not against, they were asked to
lay in front of the altar all the paraphernalia of their virginity,
toys, dolls and locks of their hair, they then left the domain of the
virgin goddess.


Valete bene!

Cato


SOURCES

Livy, (www.pantheon.org/articles/a/artemis.html), Pausanius, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46499 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Cato F. Vedio Germanico M. Moravio Piscino quiritibusque SPD

Salvete omnes.


Piscine, you wrote:

"The need exists now for a Sacrifice Fund that is supported by private
contributions. It should not be restricted to using the fund solely
in support of immolationes...They need tangible support, financial
support, if they are to accomplish what the Pontifex Maximus expects
of them. So would it not be more beneficial to Nova Roma to have a
Sacrifice Fund supporting sacra publica as they are performed today
by all of our sacerdotes, rather than collect promissary notes to
support sacrifices that we do not now perform?"

About two years ago, I created a Yahoo! group to discuss supporting
our sacerdotes with public moniey; the point was to do exactly what
you are suggesting here. the response was underwhelming - it turned
into just a couple of us talking about mola salsa, and eventually,
because of a lack of interest on the part of anyone with the authority
to actually do something about it, it died. At the time, I assumed it
was because since I am not myself a practitioner of the Religio it was
not taken seriously. I no longer even have the link to it, if it
still exists. If it does, if anyone has the link to that group,
please supply it and you will see that some foundation has been laid
for precisely this kind of activity.

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46500 From: J. Einarson Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Roman Calendar Orders?
Salve Romans,

I placed an order for the Roman Calendar last week, when it was mentioned on
the list that it was available, but has anyone heard back regarding their
order? I was hoping to pay through Paypal, and the order site said they
would contact us. Have I missed something, or am I just being impatient?

Di vos incolumes custodiant,

D. Aemilius Severus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46501 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Funding Nova Roma [was The Sacrifice Fund]
Salve Cato

Each year, in the past couple of years, the amount budgeted to be
received from tax revenues have not been met, and the the budgeted
expectation of what Nova Roma would received declined as well. Tax
revenues make up by far the largest portion of Nova Roma's revenues.
For example in 2003, when last Nova Roma received more tax revenue
than expected, taxes provided USD 2612.73 of the total revenue of USD
3395.52. Based on that year's revenues, in 2004 USD 2700.00 was
expected, but a sharp decline in membership began that year was not
recovered through new memberships, so that tax revenues amounted to
only USD 2137.35. Contributions that year were more than expected,
to bring up total revenues to USD 2936.81, but short of the budgeted
amount expected of USD 3200.00. Last year the budget called for only
USD 2300 to be raised from taxes, but only USD 1965 were actually
raised, and this budget's has an expectation of only USD 1800. There
were sizable donations that then helped Nova Roma to exceed its
expected revenues. The amount received in donations is small each
year, well below what is received from tax revenue, but has been
growing proportionately as tax revenues have fallen.

Expenses have been held down so that there has been a growth in
availablity of funds. By the end of last year there was USD
7444.74. This year however, if revenue expectations is not met,
growth will be stalled, and could possibly decline over the next few
years. Obviously the Senate is going to have to take up a general
discussion on how to fund Nova Roma's financial future. While the
tax revenues give us some base, Nova Roma will probably have to move
on to other means to secure monies that will fund some activities
that our members want. Also obvious is that any plans for more
activities will have to be coupled to fund raising. It is not just
that we will have to limit activities to what Nova Roma receives in
the year prior. Activities are going to have to be planned to raise
funds, probably through donations mainly.

This is a matter that therefore goes beyond just supporting our
sacerdotes. With the sacerdotes, we are talking about deferring some
of their costs, rather than funding all of their expenses. So it is
something that can be provided separately, and through donations
alone, and if it is a matter of performing sacra publica, donations
can be solicited at such events such that this aspect of Nova Roma
could become self-sustaining. It is possible that the same might be
done in other areas for Nova Roma, but I think we will have to begin
looking for funds from outside of Nova Roma itself if some things we
wish to see happen with Nova Roma are going to become financially
viable.

Vale optime
M Moravius Piscinus



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@...>
wrote:
>
> Cato F. Vedio Germanico M. Moravio Piscino quiritibusque SPD
>
> Salvete omnes.
>
>
> Piscine, you wrote:
>
> "The need exists now for a Sacrifice Fund that is supported by
private
> contributions. It should not be restricted to using the fund solely
> in support of immolationes...They need tangible support, financial
> support, if they are to accomplish what the Pontifex Maximus expects
> of them. So would it not be more beneficial to Nova Roma to have a
> Sacrifice Fund supporting sacra publica as they are performed today
> by all of our sacerdotes, rather than collect promissary notes to
> support sacrifices that we do not now perform?"
>
> About two years ago, I created a Yahoo! group to discuss supporting
> our sacerdotes with public moniey; the point was to do exactly what
> you are suggesting here. the response was underwhelming - it turned
> into just a couple of us talking about mola salsa, and eventually,
> because of a lack of interest on the part of anyone with the
authority
> to actually do something about it, it died. At the time, I assumed
it
> was because since I am not myself a practitioner of the Religio it
was
> not taken seriously. I no longer even have the link to it, if it
> still exists. If it does, if anyone has the link to that group,
> please supply it and you will see that some foundation has been laid
> for precisely this kind of activity.
>
> Valete bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46502 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Roman Calendar Orders?
Hortensia Severo spd;
I know Caius Curius Saturninus very well, he's in Thule
(Finland) & had a very busy month of university work. So that's
probably it. I can forward your message to him if you like. You
need'nt worry he's totally trustworthy & ethical.
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior
>
> Salve Romans,
>
> I placed an order for the Roman Calendar last week, when it was
mentioned on
> the list that it was available, but has anyone heard back regarding
their
> order? I was hoping to pay through Paypal, and the order site said
they
> would contact us. Have I missed something, or am I just being
impatient?
>
> Di vos incolumes custodiant,
>
> D. Aemilius Severus
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46503 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: Funding Nova Roma [was The Sacrifice Fund]
Cato M. Moravio Piscino sal.

Salve Moravius Piscinus.

The intent of the original group proposal was for money to be donated,
not included in the actual budget of the State - although with over
US$7000 in our coffers I am a bit puzzled as to why the State cannot
use part of this for its citizens. If we ended up sometime in the
future with US$10 million in the Treasury but without having supported
a single active practitioner, we will have failed.

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46504 From: Flavius Vedius Germanicus Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Salve Senator Marci Horatii,

My thanks for your thoughtful and thorough message on the subject of the
Sacrifice Fund which I have set up. It is obvious that you have given
this matter a great deal of thought. If I may, I will agree with many of
your observations, and yet disagree with the conclusion you draw therefrom.

marcushoratius wrote:

>Salve Senator Flavi Vedi
>
>While your initiative lies within the policy outlined in the Decretum
>on Sacrifices http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/pontifices/2004-04-
>24.html I must wonder whether it isn't premature and whether such a
>fund might not be more wisely used at this point in time to further
>promote sacra publica.
>
>

I will point out that the Sacrifice Fund is nothing new. It was, in
fact, launched in 2004, in direct response to the very decretum you
cite. It is therefore helpful to keep that context in mind when
examining its existence and purpose. It is to the larger question of
funding the Religio Publica that I will turn in a moment.


>Pontifex Maximus M Cassius Julianus has called upon the Collegium
>Pontificum and upon all sacerdotes to renew the religio Romana by
>once more holding public rituals.
>

Absolutely correct, and that is an initiative I support wholeheartedly,
as it compliments perfectly my own intention to make real-world
activities the main thrust of my term as Consul, should I have the good
fortune, confidence of the Cives, and favor of the Gods to be elected to
that position once more.


>For the time being the sacra
>publica will not include immolationes, and indeed immolationes would
>be specifically prohibited from certain caeremonia. For example,
>immolationes are prohibited in any sacra publica held on behalf of
>Carmentis, or held on the Parilia, or when conducting auspicia.
>However, it is not even a matter of what kind of offerings are
>provided in sacra publica at this time or in the future.
>

While you are correct in your historical allusions regarding where
immolationes were and were not appropriate, I will take issue with your
statement that "the sacra publica will not include immolationes". I see
no reason for that to be the case, and in fact as far as I know such
rites have already been done, in the past, at the expense of the
presiding official. Where it is appropriate and historical to do so,
there is absolutely no reason to preclude the practice of immolationes,
and in fact the decretum you cited above explicitly allowes for
"sacerdotes conducting the caerimoniae of the Religio Publica" to engage
in the practice should they wish to do so. The fund I set up two years
ago is simply a vehicle for them to do so without having to bear the
cost entirely by themselves, as they are presumably being done on behalf
of the entire Res Publica.

In short, the fact that the Sacrifice Fund exists in no way inhibits
priests and individuals from engaging in proper ceremonies of the
Religio (publica and privata) that do not involve animal sacrifice, nor
does it prevent them from obtaining either private or public funding
(more on that in a moment).


>It would
>benefit and support the initiative proposed by the Pontifex Maximus
>if a fund were made available now to help defer costs to our
>sacerdotes publica and our provincial sacerdotes in holding the sacra
>publica envisioned.
>
>

Once more, I wholeheartedly agree. However, given the contents of the
"Decretum on Sacrifices" only prohibits the use of State funds for
animal sacrifices, it seems to me that the funding for non-sacrificial
rituals of the Religio Publica should, at least in large part, come from
the State.

I make this pledge: should I be elected Consul, I will endeavor to
ensure that funds from the State treasury are allocated for the use of
our various Priesthoods to advance the effort to encourage them to
undertake rituals in the real world. The fact that our budgets have not,
to date as far as I can tell, included such a line-item is indicative of
how little activity has been done. It is, of course, a Catch-22. There
is no money because there have been no rituals, and there are no rituals
because there is no money. I propose to break the conundrum by
specifically allocating money from the Treasury to cover costs incurred
by priests engaged in the rituals of the Religio Publica. I will leave
it to the members of the Sacred Colleges to actually do the rituals, and
therefore justify the supply of funds, by demanding it. But it will be
there.


>What the Pontifex Maximus has called for is that all sacerdotes
>publica conduct sacra publica every other month. These may be
>coordinated such that sacra publica are conducted every month on
>behalf of Nova Roma.
>

An awesome development, enormously positive, and I will do everything I
can to make sure it succeeds.


>In conjunction with that initiative, and to
>expand on it, we could seek to involve provincial sacerdotes
>performing sacra publica on a regular basis as well, eventually
>ensuring that sacra publica are performed in every provincia of Nova
>Roma throughout the world.
>

Again, I completely agree, and congratulate the Pontifex Maximus on this
initiative. I would point out that the Provincial authorities would be
well-served by the publication of concrete guidelines and ritual scripts
by the Collegium Pontificum by which provincial sacerdotes may receive
instruction and guidance, and that such publication would do well to be
made sooner rather than later.


>There are costs involved in performing
>any sacra publica, whether immolationes are included or not. What
>you are collecting for would in reality result in very few sacra
>publica, because of the costs that would be involved, and could be
>performed only rarely, and only in certain parts of the world that
>would allow such sacrifices. Your initiative does not therefore lend
>support to the initiative sought by Pontifex Maximus Cassius.
>
>

I am constrained to point out that it was never intended to support the
Pontifex Maximus's initiative, because it was started two years before
that initiative was voiced. I could envision the formation of an
additional fund, intended to support more general costs incurred by the
priests of the various Collegia in their activities on behalf of the Res
Publica through the performance of the rites and rituals of the Religio
Publica. However, as I mentioned above, I believe that such costs are
more properly borne by the Republic itself, since it is the Republic as
a whole which benefits from the ministrations of our appointed priests
and priesthoods. I'll make that happen, if I am Consul.

I look forward, in my mind's eye where I look with the same level of
enthusiasm and optimism that led to the foundation of the Republic, to
the day when we have the resources to properly attend to the costs of
maintaining our priests and priestesses as they were maintained in Roma
Antiqua, and when the budget will include line-items not only for
incidental expenses but also living expenses of our Vestals, and
maintenance fees for the various temples and shrines we will have built
and maintained throughout the world. Some may well call it a pipe-dream,
and obviously it's well beyond anything we can do today, but you get
what you aim for. Let's aim for the Sun, and be happy if we only get the
Moon.


>The fact is that Nova Roma is calling upon sacerdotes, and will do so
>more and more, to travel to and perform sacra publica while Nova Roma
>is not supporting these sacerdotes with either sufficient public
>funds or private donations. This is not a problem solely in Nova
>Roma. Throughout Pagan communities, priests are asked to perform
>marriage ceremonies or other rites and rarely do they receive any
>compensation for their services. If Nova Roma wishes to sustain a
>priesthood for the religio Romana and to promote a regimen of public
>rituals held on behalf of Nova Roma and its Citizens, then Nova Roma
>and its Citizens need to begin offering their sacerdotes some support.
>
>

I could not agree more. As I've stated above, however, I disagree with
your assessment that such support should come from private donations.
The very raison d'etre for the foundation of our Republic was the
restoration of the Religio Romana. I find it perverse that our public
funds should not go towards that restoration, including (but not limited
to) the coverage of expenses by priests in the execution of their
official duties on behalf of the Res Publica.

Let the State pay for the Religio as far as the Collegium Pontificum
will allow (such allowance being bounded by the Decretum De
Sacrificiis). Let the People pick up the slack after that boundary is
reached.

>The need exists now for a Sacrifice Fund that is supported by private
>contributions.
>

I disagree. The need exists now for official subsidization of the
Religio Publica by the financial resources of the Republic. I will make
that happen if I am elected Consul.

Or do you have some problem with the notion of public funds being used
to subsidize the rites of the Religio Publica?


>It should not be restricted to using the fund solely
>in support of immolationes. This is not even a question over whether
>or not Nova Roma should condone blood sacrifices.
>

Indeed; that question has been settled, at least for the last two years,
by the Decretum De Sacrificiis. Such sacrifices are indeed explicitly
"condoned." They are simply not funded by the State treasury. Hence the
need for a private fund to make up the gap.


>It is a question
>as to just how willing the Citizens of Nova Roma are to support their
>sacerdotes.
>

I would have no problem with a private supplementary fund being
established, in case the Consuls and the Senate fail to sufficiently
fund the activities of the Religio Publica. But right now, at this
moment in time, they can allocate funds to do so, according to the
strictures the Collegium Pontificum has set forth. I see no reason not
to act using the tools and resources we already at hand.


>Earmarking your fund for immolationes alone does not
>provide what is needed today. Promoting a fund intended solely for
>immolationes only raises once more an issue that has proven divisive
>in our community and has caused cultores Deorum to leave Nova Roma
>because of the disputes it has generated.
>

Once more I must agree with your statement of fact (with perhaps a
difference in emphasis) and disagree with your conclusion. The Sacrifice
Fund does not provide _everything_ that is needed today. However, it
does fill the gap between what is possible funding-wise given our
current leges and decreta, and what is necessary for a full restoration
of the performance of the rites of the Religio Publica.

As far as the question of divisiveness, you are once more correct.
However, I will point out that Nova Roma has never made any bones about
the fact that we intend to fully restore Roman religion, in all its
myriad forms, rites, and rituals. Animal sacrifice was central to the
performance of the Religio Publica. Nobody here should be under any
illusion that the restoration of that practice is in the cards someday
(and, as I pointed out earlier, has already happened to the best of my
knowledge). The Decretum De Sacrificiis makes the issue plain, and it
should come as no shock to anyone.


>So I really must question
>why, at this time, you would bring up the issue, as it does not
>really aid the Pontifex Maximus in his effort to revitalize the
>religio Romana in Nova Roma, and most likely it would do us much harm
>in seeking contributions for what is needed at this time.
>

I repeat myself only because you do... The Sacrifice Fund was not
founded to support the current effort to engender more real-world
practice of the Religio Publica (which I more than fully support). It
was established two years ago. What is not clear, however, is why you
think asking people to contribute for such a cause would "harm" the
effort to ask them to contribute for other, non-sacrifice-related,
expenses? (Not that I think such is necessary, as I've explained earlier.)


>Our
>sacerdotes need our support. They need tangible support, financial
>support, if they are to accomplish what the Pontifex Maximus expects
>of them.
>

True and true! And I've dutifully paid my taxes to that effort, and
would pay more if asked.

>So would it not be more beneficial to Nova Roma to have a
>Sacrifice Fund supporting sacra publica as they are performed today
>by all of our sacerdotes, rather than collect promissary notes to
>support sacrifices that we do not now perform?
>
>

As far as supporting rituals that we do not perform, that could arguably
be said to apply to almost all the rituals of the Religio Publica. Hence
the need for the renewed dedication to performing them. As stated above,
however, I must point out that animal sacrifices are not, in fact,
rituals "that we do not now perform". They have been performed, and must
be again, in addition to all the other rites and rituals of the Religio
Publica.

The simple fact remains that the public treasury may (and, I believe
should) be made available for non-sacrificial expenses, and it may not
be used for expenses related to animal sacrifices. With the availability
of the public treasury, there is no _need_ for a Caerimonium Fund. That
is precisely the role that public funds should be put to.

And if I am elected Consul, that is precisely what I intend to see happen.

>Vale optime
>M Moravius Piscinus
>

Vale,

Flavius Vedius Germanicus
Pater Patriae
Consular
Senator

http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Flavius_Vedius_Germanicus_(Election_MMDCCLIX)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46505 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
M. Hortensia Fl. Vedio Germanico spd;
with respect what public rituals have you performed? What
sacrifices? How often.

Frankly I would far prefer an online video of 'how to worship at
your home lararium' with Latin prayers. It would be far more useful
and would reach all our cives in Brasilia, Europa, Mexico & North
America and the East. That's builidng the religio from the ground up
at minimal cost.

All this talk of returning to the full animal sacrifice reminds me
of the very unpleasant discussion from 2 years ago. Scaurus
mentioned this ; are you going to crucify the dogs at Juno's temple?

Importantly what is your opinion about the legal reform of the CP?
You have come and gone from Nova Roma numerous times. You need to
tell us where you stand on these issues. Can you speak Latin? Would
you be willing to reform your name as an example of Republican usage?
Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebs
producer "Vox Romana" podcast
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/




Nobody here should be under any
> illusion that the restoration of that practice is in the cards
someday
> (and, as I pointed out earlier, has already happened to the best
of my
> knowledge). The Decretum De Sacrificiis makes the issue plain, and
it
> should come as no shock to anyone.
>
>
> >So I really must question
> >why, at this time, you would bring up the issue, as it does not
> >really aid the Pontifex Maximus in his effort to revitalize the
> >religio Romana in Nova Roma, and most likely it would do us much
harm M.
> >in seeking contributions for what is needed at this time.
> >
>
> I repeat myself only because you do... The Sacrifice Fund was not
> founded to support the current effort to engender more real-world
> practice of the Religio Publica (which I more than fully support).
It
> was established two years ago. What is not clear, however, is why
you
> think asking people to contribute for such a cause would "harm"
the
> effort to ask them to contribute for other, non-sacrifice-related,
> expenses? (Not that I think such is necessary, as I've explained
earlier.)
>
>
> >Our
> >sacerdotes need our support. They need tangible support,
financial
> >support, if they are to accomplish what the Pontifex Maximus
expects
> >of them.
> >
>
> True and true! And I've dutifully paid my taxes to that effort,
and
> would pay more if asked.
>
> >So would it not be more beneficial to Nova Roma to have a
> >Sacrifice Fund supporting sacra publica as they are performed
today
> >by all of our sacerdotes, rather than collect promissary notes to
> >support sacrifices that we do not now perform?
> >
> >
>
> As far as supporting rituals that we do not perform, that could
arguably
> be said to apply to almost all the rituals of the Religio Publica.
Hence
> the need for the renewed dedication to performing them. As stated
above,
> however, I must point out that animal sacrifices are not, in fact,
> rituals "that we do not now perform". They have been performed,
and must
> be again, in addition to all the other rites and rituals of the
Religio
> Publica.
>
> The simple fact remains that the public treasury may (and, I
believe
> should) be made available for non-sacrificial expenses, and it may
not
> be used for expenses related to animal sacrifices. With the
availability
> of the public treasury, there is no _need_ for a Caerimonium Fund.
That
> is precisely the role that public funds should be put to.
>
> And if I am elected Consul, that is precisely what I intend to see
happen.
>
> >Vale optime
> >M Moravius Piscinus
> >
>
> Vale,
>
> Flavius Vedius Germanicus
> Pater Patriae
> Consular
> Senator
>
> http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Flavius_Vedius_Germanicus_
(Election_MMDCCLIX)
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46506 From: Flavius Vedius Germanicus Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Salve,

Maior wrote:

> Frankly I would far prefer an online video of 'how to worship at
>your home lararium' with Latin prayers. It would be far more useful
>and would reach all our cives in Brasilia, Europa, Mexico & North
>America and the East. That's builidng the religio from the ground up
>at minimal cost.
>

I think that's a terrific idea, and I would fully support the use of
public funds to see such a thing happen. Since it is so easy nowadays to
put together video, given technological advances, I would welcome such
an advance in our own resources for spreading the practice of the
Religio. (Heck, eventually, if we develop the resources, I would love to
see us making videos of all our public rites available via the Internet.)

Kudos for the idea. I'm not sure what I can guarantee to do to make it
happen if I am elected Consul, since I am not a Pontiff myself, but if I
can help facilitate its happening, I will. (I do have access to
top-notch video facilities at my place of work.)

Vale,

Flavius Vedius Germanicus
Pater Patriae
Consular
Senator

http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Flavius_Vedius_Germanicus_(Election_MMDCCLIX)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46507 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-21
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Salve!

I have been sitting in the wings, again for the last year or so. Keeping up what is going on and have chosen to stay slient on a lot of things, however I had to comment on Maior's idea She wrote: "Frankly I would far prefer an online video of 'how to worship at your home lararium' with Latin prayers. It would be far more useful and would reach all our cives in Brasilia, Europa, Mexico & North America and the East. That's builidng the religio from the ground up at minimal cost"

That is probably one of the best ideas that I have heard in a long time, and I can not imagine that there would be a ton of cost involved except for the camera to shoot the video, and I am sure there are other classes or instructional videos that could be shot for the benifit of us all.



Ita di deaque faxint!
Marcus Traianus Valerius
www.geocities.com/genstraiana


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46508 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Q. Caecilius Metellus Fl. Germanico candidato M. Hortensiae aed. pl.
Omnibusque salutem.

Without sounding as though I'm against anything, let alone something
to help further the cultus Deorum (whether privatus or publicus), I
just want to point out what I see as the biggest problem with the idea
that M. Hortensia has proposed.

Rather simply put, there are, both among the Pontifices and among even
the citizenry at large, quite a number of differences of opinion,
particularly in the area of the home practises. I'm sure Maior is
aware of just how often I'm fond of pointing out that the home
practises are just those, which, in my opinion, makes it all the more
difficult to advise about it. What I do in my home may be far
different from what our Pontifex Maximus does in his. Is he right, or
am I? Frankly, we're both right, because our home practises are
precisely that. They are the practises of our families, and our
families differ.

I'm not hesitant to want to help and advise as best I may. But I fear
that, perhaps not now but at some time, whatever we post so far as
this particular item goes, may be taken as the "one and only" way of
practising the household rites, and that just isn't the case. The
household practises are as varied as there are households, and this is
perhaps why we have so little about it.

So what do we do? We can easily continue doing nothing, which I'm
sure we widely agree is not the desired method of handling it. My
approach has been to offer what advice I can whenever questions come
up, but as a Pontifex, I am more than willing to entertain other
methods which are bouncing around in the minds of our citizens.

Vale, et Valete, in Pace Deorum,

Quintus Caecilius Metellus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46509 From: C. Curius Saturninus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2646
Salve,

As it says in the website, the shipments will begin at 15th of
November. About a week before that we will contact everyone who has
sent pre-order and give information about payments etc.

It is highly adviceable to place your order well before December, if
you want your calendar before the turn of the year. 2nd class post
will take a month to travel over Atlantic, and Christmas is
increasing amount of mail traffic in December anyway. First class
post is faster, but still requires about two weeks.

I hope this answered to your question.

Vale,

On 22.10.2006, at 13:40, Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com wrote:

> 3a. Roman Calendar Orders?
> Posted by: "J. Einarson" j_einarson@... jeffeinarson
> Date: Sat Oct 21, 2006 8:19 am (PDT)
>
> Salve Romans,
>
> I placed an order for the Roman Calendar last week, when it was
> mentioned on
> the list that it was available, but has anyone heard back regarding
> their
> order? I was hoping to pay through Paypal, and the order site said
> they
> would contact us. Have I missed something, or am I just being
> impatient?
>
> Di vos incolumes custodiant,
>
> D. Aemilius Severus

C. Curius Saturninus

Propraetor Provinciae Thules
Rector Academia Thules ad Studia Romana Antiqua et Nova

e-mail: c.curius@...
www.academiathules.org
gsm: +358-50-3315279
fax: +358-9-8754751
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46510 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: a.d. XI Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XI Kalendas Novembris; haec dies comitialis est.


"The praetor, T. Aemilius, put these demands to the senate, and they
decided that the former treaty should be renewed with them. The reply
given then by the praetor was to the effect that it was no fault of
the Roman people that the friend- ship with them had not remained
unbroken, and there was no objection to its being re-established since
they themselves were weary of a war brought on them by their own
fault. As to the Sidicines there was nothing to prevent the Samnites
from being free to make either peace or war. After the treaty was
made the Roman army was at once withdrawn. The men had received a
year's pay and three months' rations, for which the consul had
stipulated, that he might allow time for an armistice until
the envoys returned. The Samnites advanced against the Sidicines with
the same troops that they had employed in the war with Rome, and they
were very hopeful of effecting an early capture of the city. Then at
last the Sidicines took steps to make a surrender of themselves to
Rome. The senate rejected it as being made too late and forced from
them by extreme necessity. They then made it to the Latins who were
already in arms on their own account. Even the Campanians did not
refuse to take part in the hostile movement, so much keener was their
sense of the injuries inflicted by the Samnites than of the kindness
shown them by Rome.

One immense army, composed of these many nationalities and under Latin
leadership, invaded the Samnite country and inflicted more disasters
by ravages than by actual fighting. Although the Latins proved
superior in the various encounters, they were not loath to retire from
the enemy's territory lest they might have to fight too often. This
allowed the Samnites time to send envoys to Rome. When they were
admitted to an audience they complained to the senate that they were
suffering more now that they were in treaty with them than they had
before, when they were enemies; they very humbly requested them to be
satisfied with having snatched from them the victory they had won over
the Campanians and the Sidicines, and not permit them, in addition, to
be conquered by these most cowardly people. If the Latins and
Campanians were really under the suzerainty of Rome they should exert
their authority to keep them off the Samnite land, if they renounced
that suzerainty they should coerce them by force. They re- ceived an
ambiguous reply, for the senate shrank from acknowledging that the
Latins no longer recognised their authority, and on the other hand
they were afraid, if they reprimanded them, that they might alienate
them altogether. The circumstances of the Campanians were quite
different; they were bound not by treaty but by the terms of
surrender, and they must keep quiet whether they would or no. There
was nothing in their treaty with the Latins which prevented them from
making war with whom they pleased." - Livy, History of Rome 8.2




On this day the natural illumination of the inner sanctum of the
Temple of Ra-Harakhte, known as Abu Simbel, occurs. The archaeological
complex of Abu Simbel comprises two massive rock temples in southern
Egypt, on the western bank of Lake Nasser, some 290km southwest of
Aswan. It is part of the Nubian Monuments UNESCO World Heritage Site,
which runs from Abu Simbel downriver as far as Philae (near Aswan).

Ramses II, in a fit of precision and despotic architectural egotism,
carefully angled his temple at Abu Simbel so that the inner sanctum
would light up twice a year: once on the anniversary of his rise to
the throne, and once on his birthday. The combination of human
endeavour and natural phenomena provides what must be one of the most
spectacular sights in the world.

Crowds pack in to the temple before sunrise and watch the shafts of
light slowly creeping through the stone. Eventually, statues of
Ramses, Ra and Amun are illuminated in the inner sanctum (the statute
of Ptah - the god of darkness - remains in the shadows). When they
have recovered their breath, spectators can join celebrations outside,
including a fair and music demonstrations. However, nothing can really
impress you immediately after witnessing such a sight.

The Abu Simbel temple was built by Ramses II (1279-1213 BC) to
demonstrate his political clout and divine backing to the ancient
Nubians. On each side of the temple, which was carved into a sandstone
cliff overlooking the Second Cataract of the Nile, sit a pair of
colossal statues of him, more than 65 feet tall. Though the statues
have been damaged in earthquakes since their construction, they remain
an awe-inspiring, tremendous sight. The temple is aligned to face the
east, and above the entrance sits a niche with a representation of
Re-Horakhty, an aspect of the sun-god.

The greater Abu Simbel temple is generally considered the grandest and
most beautiful of the temples commissioned during the reign of
Ramesses II, and one of the most beautiful in Egypt. The facade is 33
meters high, and 38 meters broad, and guarded by four statues, each of
which is 20 meters high. They were sculptured directly from the rock
in which the temple was located before it was moved. All statues
represent Ramesses II, seated on a throne and wearing the double crown
of Upper and Lower Egypt. The statue left of the entrance was damaged
in an earthquake, leaving only the lower part of the statue still
intact. Several smaller figures are situated at the feet of the four
statues, depicting members of the pharaoh's family. They include his
mother Mut-tuy, Nefertari, and some of his sons and daughters.

Above the entrance there is a statue of a falcon-headed Ra-Harakhte,
with the pharaoh shown worshipping on both sides of him. Below the
statue there is an ancient rebus, showing the prenomen or throne name
of Ramesses: Waser-ma'at. The facade is topped by a row of 22
baboons, their arms raised in the air, supposedly worshipping the
rising sun. Another notable feature of the facade is a stele which
records the marriage of Ramesses with a daughter of king Hattusili
III, which sealed the peace between Egypt and the Hittites.
One of the eight pillars in the main hall of the temple, showing
Ramesses II as Osiris.

The inner part of the temple has the same triangular layout that most
ancient Egyptian temples follow, with rooms decreasing in size from
the entrance to the sanctuary. The first hall of the temple features
eight statues of the deified Rameses II in the shape of Osiris,
serving as pillars. The walls depicted scenes of Egyptian victories in
Libya, Syria and Nubia, including images from the Battle of Kadesh.
The second hall depicts Ramesses and Nefertari with the sacred boats
of Amun and Ra-Harakhte.

The sanctuary contains four seated statues of Ra-Harakhte, Ptah, Amun
and Ramesses. The temple was constructed in such a way that the sun
shines directly on all four statues during two days of the year,
February 22 and October 22. These dates are allegedly the king's
birthday and coronation day respectively, but there is no evidence to
support this. Due to the displacement of the temple, this event now
occurs one day later than originally.

The Smaller Abu Simbel Temple is located north of the Greater Temple.
It was carved in the rock by Rameses II and dedicated to Hathor, the
goddess of love and beauty, and also to his favorite wife, Nefertari.
The façade is adorned by six statues, four of Rameses II and two of
Nefertari; most unusually, the six are the same height, which
indicates the esteem in which Nefertari was held. The entrance leads
to a hall containing six pillars bearing the head of the goddess
Hathor. The eastern wall bears inscriptions depicting Rameses II
striking the enemy before Ra-Harakhte and Amun-Ra. Other wall scenes
show Rameses II and Nefertari offering sacrifices to the gods. Beyond
this hall, there is another wall with similar scenes and paintings. In
the farthest depths of the temple is the holy of holies, where a
statue of the goddess Hathor stands.


PERSON OF THE DAY - MARCUS CURTIUS

Marcus Curtius was a Roman hero. When one day a deep fissure suddenly
appeared on the Forum in Rome, an oracle said that it could only be
closed by the most precious thing Rome possessed. The wellbeing of the
town depended on it. Curtius sacrificed himself by jumping fully armed
and mounted on the finest horse into the gap, which then closed
itself. The gap, called the Lacus Curtius is situated at the Forum
Romanum. According to other sources, the gap was created when
lightning struck, which was then consecrated by the consul Caius
Curtius in 445 B.C.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Livy, Abu Simbel (www.touregypt.net/featurestories/abusimbel.htm),
Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46511 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Nova Roma Goes Video (was Re: The Sacrifice Fund)
Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori F. Vedio Germanico Q. Caecilio Metello
quiritibusque SPD

Salvete omnes!

Marca Hortensia, the video idea is en excellent one, and I think
should be done (note, I say "done", not "investigated"); Caecilius
Metellus, your concerns are valid, but I think could be overcome if
the video included things like how a lararium is made, the history of
the Lares and Penates (Aeneas carrying the first ones from Troy
itself!), and a very general set of the prayers that we can find in
ancient sources - in the same way you could make a video about
building a bookcase ("two sides, a back, and shelves") without
creating specific details that could be construed as The One True Way
Of Building A Bookcase ("three feet high, five feet across, with four
shelves, made of cherry" &c.); it could, in fact, explain precisely
how each domus is in itself a small temple, and the rites can be
adapted as each individual sees fit or necessary. We could even refer
to a part of our own website for detailed prayers and ceremonies.
Self-reference is a good publicity tool :-)

Without going off the edge here, what would it take for us to create a
series of videos - a kind of Roman "How To" group - that explain
things like:

*the making and fitting of Roman Republican armor

*the making and draping of a Roman toga (I am brought to mind standing
with my arms spread as Salix Astur repeatedly draped mine at the
Conventus in Rome)

*assembling and cooking Roman recipes (we can create our own "Iulia
Puerum")

Something to think about.

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46512 From: Matt Hucke Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Website Project of the Nundinium
- from http://www.novaroma.org/nr/NovaRoma:Project_of_the_Nundinium

Each nundinium (eight-day period), the Nova Roma website editors focus our
attention on one project. This might include copying pages from the old site,
or writing about a specific topic.

ALL CITIZENS are invited to participate! If you don't have a Wiki (site
editing) account, send your full Roman name and your desired password to
Censor Octavius ( octavius *AT* novaroma.org) to obtain one. Also, join
our editors' mailing list at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/NRWiki/

==Project of 22-29 October==

Conversion of Religio Romana section

On the legacy site we had several pages of rituals and articles about the
Religio Romana. These have not yet been imported in to the new site.

The old pages are located at http://www.novaroma.org/religio_romana

Content should be copied from there to the following pages (the ones in red
haven't been created yet; merely follow the link to create the page):

* Category:Religio Romana
* Calendar of Holidays and Festivals
* Declaration of Roman Paganism
* Legends of Rome
* Priests and Priesthoods
* Priests (Nova Roma) - already done
* Foreign Priesthoods
* Rites and Rituals
* Religion of the Home
* Roman Gods and Goddesses
* Roman Philosophy
* Afterlife
* Pagan Reconstructionism
* Rituals and Offerings Done by Our Priests (Nova Roma)
* Importance of Religio Romana (Nova Roma)
* Religio Romana links

On these pages you might find links to other pages on the old site, or you
may find words that should be links to articles about those topics. Please
create or import these too! If you're unsure about the article title,
create it anyway, then ask on the mailing list if it's in the right place -
we can rename it very easily if needed.

When you edit any of these pages, be sure to include the link
[[Category:Religio Romana]] in each - this will cause them to be
automatically linked to the index pages.


--
Marcus Octavius Gracchus
octavius@... * http://www.graveyards.com

-"Apes don't read philosophy."
-"Yes they do, Otto, they just don't understand it! Let me correct
you on a few things: Aristotle was not Belgian. The central message of
Buddhism is not 'every man for himself'. And the London Underground is
not a political movement! Those are all mistakes. I looked them up."
-from "A Fish Called Wanda"
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46513 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Salve,

The Honorable Quintus Caecilius Metellus wrote:

"Rather simply put, there are, both among the Pontifices and among even the citizenry at large, quite a number of differences of opinion, particularly in the area of the home practices. I'm sure Maior is aware of just how often I'm fond of pointing out that the home practices are just those, which, in my opinion, makes it all the more difficult to advise about it. What I do in my home may be far different from what our Pontifex Maximus does in his. Is he right, or am I? Frankly, we're both right, because our home practices are precisely that. They are the practices of our families, and our families differ."

I could not agree more that what you do and what I do might be two different things and neither are incorrect ways of worshiping, and I am sure that there are almost as many ways for a Family to worship as there are citizens. However, I think a basic course in setting up ones Lararium, and if you were completely new to the worship basic introduction to daily rites would be fantastic. There might be some citizen’s in Nova Roma that are sitting on the fence between wanting to practice the Religio, but do to not wanting to look stupid or uneducated choose to not do anything. If there is a course or lesson that is available to assist in getting their journey underway, then I think it would be a fantastic thing. Each course or lesson can be prefaced and followed up with the comments to the viewer that rites contained with in are personal to the Family “X” and though a good place to begin your worship are not the only way to follow the Religio and that only through a
personal interaction with the Gods can you grow, and then adapting the basics to your connection with the Gods is acceptable and encouraged.


Di te mihi semper servent!
Marcus Traianus Valerius
www.geocities.com/genstraiana

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46514 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Salve Senator Flavi Vedi

In order to save on some space I am going to snip through and
rearrange some parts of your post.

Scripsisti:
> "Decretum on Sacrifices" only prohibits the use of State funds for
> animal sacrifices, it seems to me that the funding for non-
sacrificial
> rituals of the Religio Publica should, at least in large part, come
from
> the State.
>

"Non-sacrificial rituals" Correct me if I am wrong, but you seem to
repeatedly confuse immolationes with sacrifices, as though the only
sort of sacrifices that are made in the religio Romana are blood
sacrifices. This of course is incorrect. Wine, bread, and even
dance may be offered as sacrifices to the Gods.

Scripsisti:
> Animal sacrifice was central to the
> performance of the Religio Publica.

This statement is also incorrect. The oldest and purest form of the
religio Romana is the Numa tradition, which specifically forbade the
use of immolationes. Numa Pompilius first established the
priesthoods, the calendar of festivals, and what rites were to be
performed. "His sacrifices... were not celebrated with effusion of
blood, but consisted of flour, wine, and the least costly offerings
(Plutarch, "Numa" 8.8)." Ovid likewise alludes to the earliest
religio Romana where in the "Fasti" he says, "Formerly what served to
reconcile gods and men was spelt and pure salt's glistening grain."
Blood sacrifices were a foreign introduction. When the Tarquini were
expelled and the Republic first founded, Roma antiqua returned to the
Postumian law, and did so again follwing the Gallic sack of Rome. In
the Late Republic sentiment was expressed to do so again, as where
Varro stated, "The Gods do not desire blood sacrifice; Their statues
want it even less... Had that custom been retained," he said, "the
worship of the Gods would be more reverently performed."

If we are to restore the religio Romana as a spiritual tradition,
then I think we should look to its roots, and that is to be found in
the Numa tradition. It is not that I oppose use of immolationes.
Earlier in my life I participated in immolationes that my family
performed, and the only objection I would have is if they would not
be performed properly and in complete correctness. I recognize that
these were once part of the religio Romana tradition, just as blood
sacrifices were once part of Jewish tradition; these were performed
in the Temple of Jerusalem. You might look again at the pontifical
decretum where, on the prospect of introducing immolationes once
more, it said, "we do not envision as likely until the construction
of public temples occurs." What is there, about $650 in the land
fund, and no money set aside to construct a temple? So in practical
terms we are far away from the day where immolationes can even be
considered. It just seems a little senseless to me to discuss the
prospect when so much else is needed to rebuild the religio Romana as
a living spiritual tradition. One step at a time.


Scripsisti:
> The need exists now for official subsidization of the
> Religio Publica by the financial resources of the Republic. I will
make
> that happen if I am elected Consul.
>

This is quite a promise to make as a candidatus, especially, as a
Senator, you should be aware of the current financial status of the
Res Publica. Of course excluding the cost of immolationes, the cost
of performing a sacrum publica is not so great. A bottle of wine,
libum, a wreath of flowers, and some other incidental offerings to
sacrifice. But when you multiply the number of sacerdotes we have,
and the number of occasions that sacra publica should take place, and
the number of provinciae in which we would like to see them
performed, then subsidizing the sacra publica through our current
budget is unrealistic.

No, Flavi Vedi, I am not opposed to using State funds to provide some
measure of support for the sacra publica. I do think that it is so
important a matter that we should give due consideration as is needed
to restore the sacra publica. Wishful thinking and empty promises is
not going to provide what is needed today or prepare for what might
be needed in the future. The only real way that we can now reimburse
our sacerdotes for some of their costs, and certainly not subsidize
all of their costs, is to solicit contributions for this purpose. In
order to solicit charitable contributions you have to be recognized
as not-for-profit organization, as Nova Roma is. Otherwise an
individual soliticing charitable contributiosn without authorization
could run afoul of the law where it would be regarded as fraud.

We will have to go through Nova Roma, Inc. and therefore through the
Senate as its Board of Directors, in order to establish an account to
legally receive charitable contributions to support our sacerdotes.
If the Gods favor, and I should be elected one of our next Consules,
then I will ask the Senate to take a more extensive look into Nova
Roma's finances than is normally done in our budgetary process. I
will ask for authorization to establish a separate account for the
religio Romana. I will ask the Senate to provide a sum to begin the
account. But in real and practical terms, as things now stand such a
fund would have to be sustained by contributions. Disbursment of the
fund's monies could be under the administration of the Collegium
Pontificum, but accountability would have to be retained by the
Senate. In follwing years the Senate can be asked to make a donation
to the fund as well, with consideration of everything else that needs
providing. For provincial sacerdotes, a portion of all taxes
collected may be retained in respective provinciae, and a portion of
provincial funds may be set aside to assist provincial sacerdotes,
within the strictures set by the respective provincia. Use of tax
monies for this purpose, or of any contributions, will also have to
come under Senate scrutiny.


Scripsisti:
> Once more I must agree with your statement of fact (with perhaps a
> difference in emphasis) and disagree with your conclusion. The
Sacrifice
> Fund does not provide _everything_ that is needed today. However,
it
> does fill the gap between what is possible funding-wise given our
> current leges and decreta, and what is necessary for a full
restoration
> of the performance of the rites of the Religio Publica.
>

Actually I think you pose more of a problem than a solution. First,
if our current leges and decreta would not allow performance of
immolationes in Nova Roma sacra publica, then money from your private
Sacrifice Fund could not be accepted. Or if it were accepted by an
individual sacerdos, it would not be a Nova Roma sacrum publica. You
cannot selectively fund only portions of Nova Roma functions without
going through Nova Roma, otherwise you could jeapordize Nova Roma's
not-for-profit status because it would be unreported funds. Second,
of course, is that as a Senator, member of the Board of Directors of
Nova Roma, Inc. collecting contributions privately, you could still
jeapordize Nova Roma's status. Have you been registered as a
charitable foundation that you are soliciting funds in Nova Roma? The
other two problems I see as possible are interrelated. There is the
matter of what exactly is meant by "full restoration" of the religio
Romana. As I indicated above, immolationes would not necessarily be
part of a full restoration and could arguably be seen as a foreign
introduction to the core of Roman traditional practice. And lastly
then is the matter of how specifically promoting immolationes can
possibly inhibit our ability to solicit funding for other aspects of
the religio Romana as are needed.


Scripsisti:
> As far as the question of divisiveness, you are once more correct.
> However, I will point out that Nova Roma has never made any bones
about
> the fact that we intend to fully restore Roman religion, in all its
> myriad forms, rites, and rituals.

The reality is that the diversity and myriad forms of the religio
Romana has not been well supported in Nova Roma in the past. Some
have taken a very exclusionary view towards the many practitioners of
the religio Romana who do not support a reintroduction of
immolationes. OTOH the other side took a very negative view of those
who do seek to extend the religio Romana by including immolations.
This has caused what some regard as a politicization of the religio
Romana in Nova Roma. As you say, Nova Roma was clear in its goal to
restore the religio Romana. It also made clear from the beginning
that Nova Roma is for all who hold an interest in Roma antiqua. So
we do have members who follow other religious traditions, or who
combine their practice of the religio Romana with other traditions.
You yourself, Flavi Vedi, have more often pursued worship of the
Teutonic Gods rather than those of Rome. When it comes to speaking
about sacra publica, made on behalf of all Nova Romans, I think we
need to give consideration to all of our members.


Scripsisti:
> The Sacrifice Fund was not
> founded to support the current effort to engender more real-world
> practice of the Religio Publica (which I more than fully support).
It
> was established two years ago.

I am aware that you started this Sacrifice Fund two years ago.
Although I wasn't on the lists at the time, I heard much about it as
people were leaving Nova Roma over all the disputes that were
generated by the issue back then.


Scripsisti:
>What is not clear, however, is why you
> think asking people to contribute for such a cause would "harm" the
> effort to ask them to contribute for other, non-sacrifice-related,
> expenses? (Not that I think such is necessary, as I've explained
earlier.)

True, your Sacrifice Fund was not begun for the latest initiative put
out by the Pontifex Maximus. However, soliciting for your fund as
something separate I think will confuse the issue. You call it "non-
sacrifice-related expenses." In reality we are speaking of raising
money to support sacerdotes performing sacrifices. The only
difference is that your private fund is designated for specific kinds
of sacrifices, and the relationship of your private fund to Nova Roma
is ambiguous. The latter would be the case if the fund for
sacerdotes were subsidized by State monies as you pose, or if it was
as I propose instead sustained by charitable contributions for the
purpose. We both agree that the initiative of the Pontifex Maximus
would be assisted if we can offer it some financial support. Where I
see the potential "harm" is that by having essentially two
sacrificial funds, an ambiguity as to whether your private fund is
related to Nova Roma, and due to the controversial nature of the
purpose of your fund, that this could deter contributions away from a
fund for sacerdotes.


To summarize:

1. Immolationes are not required to fully restore the religio Romana.
2. There is a pressing need to lend some financial support to our
sacerdotes, especially now as the Pontifex Maximus attempts to
revitalize the religio Romana through a more active program of sacra
publica.
3. Nova Roma does not have the financial capacity to fund the
initiative of the Pontifex Maximus on its own, and has much less
ability to subsidize our sacerdotes as you have proposed.
4. In order to fund the Pontifex Maximus' initiative, therefore, we
will have to seek charitable contributions, some of which will have
to come from outside Nova Roma.
5. In order to gain contributions, we will have to accord our
activities to the laws of Nova Roma, to macronational laws, and also
with the sensitivies of our donators.

On balance I do not think your stated plans are feasible at this
time. Your private Sacrificial Fund will necessarily have to be
divorced from Nova Roma under present circumstances. Although it was
not begun to support the Pontifex Maximus' current initiative, you
might consider how you could better support what are the more
immediate goals of the Collegium Pontificum. There is no need, and
it is not beneficial, to get ahead of ourselves. So if we are to
speak about *a* Sacrificial Fund - whether privately sustained or
subsidized in part by Nova Roma, shouldn't we take a step by step
approach to accomplishing shared goals rather than engage over an
issue that further politicizes the religio Romana in Nova Roma and
lessens the potential for full restoration of the religio Romana?

Vale et vade in pace Deorum
M Moravius Piscinus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46515 From: Shoshana Hathaway Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
An on line video (or a series of them) sounds like an excellent idea, although it would be helpful to have it supplemented with a text file, which can be used as a reference, and would be extremely helpful for any of us who have issues with videos.

C. Maria Caeca

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46516 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Digest Number 2625
A. Apollonius C. Curio sal.

Well, I've found a moment to continue our leisurely conversation. :)

It's certainly true, as you say, that some things, such as the website, have both internal and external functions. Nonetheless, it should still be possible for us to separate in our minds, and in the responsibilities of our magistrates, the internal from the external functions of those things. What you say about the website was also true of the Roman forum in the ancient republic: it was both a place for citizens to see and do things and a place where foreigners might come to see what life was like in Rome. But the aediles did not concern themselves with what those foreigners thought of the forum: their job was purely to look after the Roman citizens who used the forum. The fact that the forum served two purposes did not mean that the aediles themselves had two functions, and the fact that the website today serves two purposes does not mean that the aediles should have two functions.

I think you are starting from the idea that the ancient aediles were responsible for the forum and other public buildings. But I think this is an inaccurate statement. The ancient aediles were responsible for the commercial activities which Roman citizens carried on in the forum and public buildings. As a consequence, one of their duties was to ensure that the forum and public buildings were maintained in a suitable state for the citizens to use them. But their fundamental duty concerned the people, not the buildings. So the idea that the aediles were in some sense generally responsible for infrastructure is very misleading. The aediles were, and are, and should remain, responsible for making the infrastructure suitable for the every-day work, commerce, and leisure of the citizens. That is light-years away from being responsible for making the infrastructure attractive to outsiders. In fact, I might go further and say that the two duties are not only separate but incompatible and even conflicting. What makes the website more attractive and usable to outsiders may make it less convenient and useful to citizens. I can't see that it makes any sense to give these two jobs to the same people.

You say that most websites are run by three groups of people and that the group of people responsible for the content and appearance of the website is the P.R. people. I'll take your word for it, but I don't think we should automatically apply that model to our own website. Why? First, because even when dealing with such an un-Roman thing as a website we should try to run it in as Roman a way as possible, and although we can only guess what exactly is a Roman way to run a website there is no reason to assume that it will be identical to the way everyone else does it. Secondly, and more practically, because most websites do not have the same set of purposes as ours. Most websites exist purely for the sake of P.R.: they exist in order to enable the person or people who owns and runs the website to communicate information to other people. It may be to advertise a product, like a marketing website, or to share one's own experiences or thoughts with others, like a blog, or whatever, but essentially it is all about me using my website to say something to you. Ours is fundamentally different: at least one of its two primary purposes, and perhaps its single primary purpose, is for some of the owners of the website to communicate information to other owners of the website. It is not a P.R. tool; it is a tool for the use of the community, which serves many functions including a P.R. function.

If our website served only a P.R. function then I would be saying very vehemently that the aediles should have absolutely nothing to do with it whatsoever, because P.R. is totally alien to the proper function of the aediles. Since the website has other functions, I can agree that the aediles may have a role in managing some parts of aspects of the website. But the idea that the aediles should be in charge of the P.R. functions of the website has no basis at all in history or pragmatism. You may be right to say that more effort should be made to coordinate the appearance and content of the website, but the aediles are entirely the wrong magistrates to do that job.

You say, "What you have taken as view to the matter, when examined from the
context introduced above, is that since recruiting is "external"
matter, it should be the work of consules". I don't recall saying that - what I think I said was that external matters fall within the remit of the senate, the higher magistrates, and the fetiales. If the job is essentially one of coordination and long-term planning, then clearly the most suitable body is the senate. And indeed, under the new system introduced by the lex Apula, it will be the senate supervising the work of the webmaster. So perhaps that will turn out to be a successful system. At any rate, if the job is one of coordination and long-term planning then it is probably a bad idea to give it to any elected magistrate: for one thing, they change every year, so long-term planning is impossible; and for another thing, they come in sets of two, four, five, and eight, so coordination is not something they're always very good at.

You're quite right that the consules have a heavy workload. I think you underestimate the workload of the aediles, though. Depending on how much effort they choose to put in to the organization of games, that alone could take up most of their time throughout the year. In addition, they have jurisdiction is commercial disputes. This part of their job has increased steadily over the last few years, and is likely to increase still further as commerce within Nova Roma grows. If they have a lot of spare time, then they're probably not doing the jobs they already have very well. I don't think it would be wise to give them, in addition, charge of the website, which remains a fairly significant job in itself.

In any case, by this line of reasoning we must surely conclude that the most suitable magistrates are the quaestores! After all, there are only four aediles, but there are eight quaestores; and whereas the aediles already have some large tasks to perform, six out of the eight quaestores have virtually nothing to do all year. Of course this would be an absurd idea, because there is no historical basis for putting the quaestores in charge of the website, but then there is no historical basis for putting the aediles in charge of it either, as I've tried to explain earlier.

Your other suggestions for new duties for the aediles make still less sense to me, I have to say. Put them in charge of recruitment? Why? This has even less to do with their historical duties than running the website has. You seem to suggest that, if they are in charge of the website, it is a natural and logical step to put them in charge of recruitment. I can't see the logic in the step at all. If we continue with the analogy between the website and a building, well, it is one thing to make a building look attractive to entice people to come in, but it is quite another thing to go out onto the street and hand out leaflets encouraging people to come to the building.

The only logical connexion between the job of aedilis and the activities you are talking about is you yourself. You are likely to become aedilis, and it also happens that you are very good at making attractive and helpful websites, publicity materials, and other things like that. But that is a coincidence: the job of aedilis has nothing to do with those skills, and the fact that you have those skills does not strike me as a reason to rewrite the job description so that all future aediles will need the same skills. You have plenty of other skills which make you suitable to be an aedilis, and it's a big enough job already: there is no need to add extra duties.

The remaining matters need less discussion. You doubt whether it is sensible for the aediles to be responsible for the way in which gatherings are conducted. You may be right. But I don't think it really has anything to do with what you were originally saying. You were saying, as I recall, that the aediles were the wrong people to be in charge of organizing meetings. I entirely agree with you. Luckily, the aediles are not in charge of organizing meetings. So, the problem is solved before it even existed. If you're going further and saying that the aediles should be deprived of responsibility for the conduct of meetings, that's a reasonable suggestion. I would only say that I see no particular reason to remove from them the duty of coordinating the process for choosing the host of the European Conventus. They have this duty not because of any law but as the result of an agreement among the European provinces, and if the provinces think it is a good arrangement then that is a good reason to keep it as it is. Evidently it is useful to have some mechanism for deciding where the Conventus should be held. The current mechanism is perhaps unnecessarily formal, but I don't think it does anyone any harm, and it takes up very little of the aediles' time.

As for the aedilician fund, I'm very glad to hear that you support the idea. You also suggest that it should be brought within the annual budget and that some funds from the treasury should be allocated to it: that would indeed be an excellent thing, if the senate could be persuaded to agree. I think the main reason this was not included in the original proposal is simply that it was felt that the senate would be more likely to agree to the plan if it did not involve any additional investment of public funds; but if the senate wishes to invest public funds, all the better!



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Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46517 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
A. Apollonius M. Hortensiae sal.

> Corde, would you kindly explain to one and all why it
would be a Good Thing to vote for this reform of the CP.?
<

I'll try.

What the proposal does is to make the various colleges of public priests function in a way much closer to the way they functioned in ancient times. They were not organs of government. They were not committees or legislative powers. Our current constitutional system tries to make them into these things. The result has not been a more effective administration of the sacra publica (public cults and rites): in fact there seems to be a widespread consensus that the administration of the sacra publica leaves a lot to be desired.

We need to understand what is meant by the word "collegium", translated as "college". In English it makes us think of some kind of corporate body, taking votes and making collective decisions. This is not what Romans mean when they talk about the collegium pontificum or the collegium augurum.

A collegium, in this sense, is simply a collection of two or more collegae (colleagues). Colleagues are people who have the same job. The two consules are colleagues. Therefore one could talk about the collegium consulum: the college of consules. It just means those two individuals who happen to have that particular job. It does not mean that the consules are expected to sit down and vote on what they should do: each one gets on with his job in his own way. They may from time to time coordinate their activities informally, but that's about it. Or think of modern examples of colleagues. The police officers working together at a particular police station are colleagues. But they don't spend their time debating and voting on what they should do. Each one goes out and does his job in his own way.

This is what the pontifices should be, and the augures, and the epulones, and so on. They should be groups of colleagues. They should not be committees. They should have the freedom to act on their own. We often hear about "deadlock" in the collegium pontificum. Why is that? We don't talk about a police station being "deadlocked". It's because our current, unhistorical rules prevent the pontifices from taking any significant action without debating it and voting on it. So it becomes all about which group within the college controls the most votes: whoever controls the majority vote controls the entire administration of the sacra publica. And if there is disagreement and no clear majority, then nothing is done at all.

There is another sense in which our current system makes the priestly colleges into committees. It gives them law-making powers. They have used these law-making powers less than they might have done, largely because of the aforementioned "deadlock", but they have nonetheless found the time to create a criminal offence, to make a decision about the distribution of public funds, and to make regulations about the conduct of elections. These are all political issues, so it is no surprise at all that the priestly colleges, especially the collegium pontificum, has become politicized. This was not how things worked in antiquity.

The ancient colleges were essentially groups of religious experts. They gave advice on religious matters when they were asked for it. They carried out the many routine duties which were necessary to keep the sacra publica functioning. They did not sit in secret session voting on legal pronouncements. This proposal would remove their law-making powers, which they do not need. It would liberate them from the requirement to do everything by majority vote, thus allowing individual priests to get on with their jobs.

These are the things it undoes. In order to make these changes to work, it does a few new things which have not been done in Nova Roma before. I've said that in ancient times the priests mostly just got on with their jobs. They were able to do that because they knew very clearly what their jobs were. They had been defined by many generations of their predecessors, and they didn't change much. One of the reasons why our current priests do so little is that neither they nor anyone else knows what they are supposed to be doing. This proposal addresses that problem by setting out, in some detail, every specific duty which each different priest possessed in ancient times. The priests, and everyone else, will know whose job it is to perform 'x' ritual on 'y' date. This will significantly increase the likelihood that 'x' ritual will actually get done on 'y' date.

Some people seem to be worried that these proposals will result in all sorts of interference by the senate, the magistrates, and the assemblies in the business of the colleges. There is no reason to fear that. The problem is that people have a mistaken idea of what constitutes the business of the colleges. The current system is designed on the mistaken belief that the priestly colleges are responsible for every aspect of religion in the republic. Thus anything which other people or bodies do which has a faintly religious aspect can be seen as interfering with things which should be left to the colleges. But this is the wrong idea. The various different priests had quite specific duties and responsibilities. They were technicians. They had skills which they used in particular ways. They were experts. They had knowledge which they used for particular purposes. They were not "in charge" of anything except their own jobs. The sooner we get ourselves into that mindset, and out of our current one, the sooner the sacra publica of Nova Roma will function smoothly.

Most of what is in these proposals is there simply for the benefit of the priests themselves. To that extent, the proposals have already fulfilled their main function: they are there, everyone can read them, everyone can see what the priests ought to be doing and when and how they ought to be doing it. The only reason anyone needs to vote on anything is that some of the changes require corresponding changes to be made to the lex constitutiva and other legal texts. If and when we are asked to vote on these proposals, we will simply be voting to enable the priests to do what they ought to be doing, what they have already accepted they ought to be doing, what many of them are already doing. A vote in favour of these proposals will not be a vote saying "I wish to impose my will on the priests"; it will be a vote saying "if this is what the priests want and need, then that is fine by me".



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Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46518 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Answers to two of M. Hortensia Maior posts
Salve M. Hortensia Maior who said in part

"And Ti. Galerius Paulinus chooses you and Helena Galeria
who know nil in this area to advise him because you
belong to the same gens."

Actually I asked them to give me general guidance on the
Religio.

I voted against the reform in question because of the statement
made by the Pontifex Maximus Marcus Cassius Iulianus

Consul Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus and Pontifex Maximus
Marcus Cassius Iulianus are still working on a reform package
that may yet command a 2/3 majority in the Senate.

BTW Flavius Vedius Germanicus also voted against it,
and for the same reason I did. Yet you do not seem to have
a problem with him.

In another post you asked ( and answered )

"Did you consult A. Apollonius Cordus? Classics scholar,
teacher of Roman law at Academia Thules, specialist in Roman
religious law & also a non-practitioner? No & you know him.
Did you consult anyone with command of this important subject? No"

Why ask a question if you are also going to answer it?

Actually I did ask Cordus for his opinion, as he is a friend and
a member of my Praetorian staff, but because he is very busy
it came to late for me to consider. I also asked others, including a
former Consul for their input

It is not the quality or the quantity of my advisers you
have a problem with,

it's ME.

If you think I or anybody else is shocked to see you are not voting
for me please don't be. You never have supported me.

Election after election I show up in the Forum to debate ideas
about Nova Roma's future and time and time again my opponents
allow others to debate me and are content with ruining stealth campaigns.

In my first campaign for Praetor I debated Consuls, Censors, and you but rarely
did my opponents for Praetor engage me, or each other in debate.

Marca Hortensia Maior you seem to oppose me on every issue
and in every election and it is certainly your right to do so.

But why have you never stood for election in opposition to me?
If I am so wrong about so much why have you always left it to others ?

Win or lose this race for Consul Nova Romans know that
I was here in the Forum canvassing for votes and debating the issues.

Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
Candidate for Consul
Mea gloria fideles





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46519 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato Corde sal.

Salve Corde.

Thank you for the explanation. A couple of questions:

Did the priestly colleges in ancient Rome actually issue edicta or
decreta? If so, what kind of legal standing did they have?

If I am understanding you correctly, the Religio in the Republic would
actually be "protected" by the fact that the priestly colleges are
simply doing what they should be doing (historically speaking) - that
the simple practice of the Religio regularly as an underlying current
to the daily life of the Republic would re-inforce (and even
strengthen) its existence?

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46520 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
M. Hortensia Ti. Galerio Fl.Vedio spd;

1.please explain why you object to the below scenario; which is the
reform of the CP & why, with regard to roman law:
*********************************************************************
*************CORDUS'S REPLY******************************************

The ancient colleges were essentially groups of religious experts.
They gave
advice on religious matters when they were asked for it. They
carried out the
many routine duties which were necessary to keep the sacra publica
functioning.
They did not sit in secret session voting on legal pronouncements.
This
proposal would remove their law-making powers, which they do not
need. It would
liberate them from the requirement to do everything by majority
vote, thus
allowing individual priests to get on with their jobs.

These are the things it undoes. In order to make these changes to
work, it does
a few new things which have not been done in Nova Roma before. I've
said that
in ancient times the priests mostly just got on with their jobs.
They were able
to do that because they knew very clearly what their jobs were. They
had been
defined by many generations of their predecessors, and they didn't
change much.
One of the reasons why our current priests do so little is that
neither they nor
anyone else knows what they are supposed to be doing. This proposal
addresses
that problem by setting out, in some detail, every specific duty
which each
different priest possessed in ancient times. The priests, and
everyone else,
will know whose job it is to perform 'x' ritual on 'y' date. This
will
significantly increase the likelihood that 'x' ritual will actually
get done on
'y' date.
*********************************************************************
*********************************************************************

2. Both of you are long time cives: if you don't speak Latin, why
arent' you learning at Academia Thules?

3. Fl. Vedi- please answer how many Roman rituals have you
participated in, led?

Both of you are campaigning for Consul: these are questions not
about personality but devotion to being Roman, which Nova Roma is
all about.
curate ut valeatis
Marca Hortensia Maior, aedilis plebis
producer "Vox Romana" podcast
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/








--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@...>
wrote:
>
> Cato Corde sal.
>
> Salve Corde.
>
> Thank you for the explanation. A couple of questions:
>
> Did the priestly colleges in ancient Rome actually issue edicta or
> decreta? If so, what kind of legal standing did they have?
>
> If I am understanding you correctly, the Religio in the Republic
would
> actually be "protected" by the fact that the priestly colleges are
> simply doing what they should be doing (historically speaking) -
that
> the simple practice of the Religio regularly as an underlying
current
> to the daily life of the Republic would re-inforce (and even
> strengthen) its existence?
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46521 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
M. Hortensia G. Equitio sal;
while Cordus is at law class perhaps I can help a bit. This is
taken from Beard & North's "Religions of Rome" vol. 1 & 2.
"The priest's role was to dictate or prescribe the prayers and
formulae, to offer advice on the procedures or simply to attend."
[games, sacrifices, ceremonies]p. 30

A helpful historical example is Cicero's house. Read "On his house" It
was taken away when he was in exile & a temple built. Cicero returned
and wanted his land back.

The pontifices were consulted by the Senate to give their opinion if
the consecration had been valid. The pontifices after hearing
testimony, decided that the consecration had been carried out without
the authorization of the roman people (and thus invalid) the land
should be returned to Cicero. The senate confirmed this decision. And
Cicero had his land returned. This is a good example of consultation.

Also Cato, you are correct! the essence of Romaness was the rites and
ceremonies that went on in Rome. These are the religious ceremonies,
games etc. This is what Cordus means, that by having priests told what
to do, so these ceremonies get done, that's the kernal of the religio.
I hope this has been clear & helpful
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior





> Did the priestly colleges in ancient Rome actually issue edicta or
> decreta? If so, what kind of legal standing did they have?
>
> If I am understanding you correctly, the Religio in the Republic
would
> actually be "protected" by the fact that the priestly colleges are
> simply doing what they should be doing (historically speaking) - that
> the simple practice of the Religio regularly as an underlying current
> to the daily life of the Republic would re-inforce (and even
> strengthen) its existence?
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46522 From: Timothy P. Gallagher Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Questions from Marca Hortensia Maior
Salve Marca Hortensia Maior

I do not object to the scenario as outlined by Cordus.

I voted against it because the Pontifex Maximus was not happy with
it as written. As I stated a few minutes ago the Consul and the
Pontifex Maximus are working on a version that will most likely pass
the Senate when it is formally presented as a constitutional
amendment. The first vote was, as you know advisory.

Why am I not taking Latin? Simple. I have no ear for languages.

Some of us do and some of us do not. : (
If my church had kept Latin I may have stood a chance. : (
I do use Latin phrases from time to time and my two favorites are

Fortuna Favet Fortibus: fortune favors the brave,

And the motto of my macro national surname Gallagher

Mea gloria fideles : My Glory is my Honor

I do have a number of books on the subject but alas we teach
languages poorly in the USA. We start teaching them around 12 years
of age when we should start around birth to five years old.

As the old joke goes

"What do you call a person who can speak three languages Trilingual "
"What do you call a person who can speak two languages Bilingual
and" "What do you call some one who can only speak ONE language:

American"

"Both of you are campaigning for Consul: these are questions not
about personality but devotion to being Roman, which Nova Roma is
all about."

I agree that this election is about "devotion to being Roman" but
also to being Nova Roman. I have been in love with Roman
civilization since I watched "Gladiator Theater" every Saturday
morning in the 1960's. I have a personal library of over 200 books
on just Roman and ancient history and have read each book at least
once and some numerous times. I am an also an amateur archaeologist
with a passion for anything Roman and at one time I collected Roman
coins. While I respect the Gods of Rome and Nova Roma the head of
my personal faith still resides in Rome.

I have the same name as I had the day I submitted by citizenship
papers. I have paid taxes (and the taxes of some others) since my
first year in Nova Roma. I have attended a number of Roman days and
gone out to dinner a number of times with Nova Romans. I helped
design and make available the Nova Roma SPQR ring, a real world item
that shows mine and others commitment to Rome. I have organized a
fund raiser for my province, in which we will sell small car size
Nova Roman flags.

One of my macro national passions is genealogy and the compilation
of the life stories of my ancestors. I believe that a healthy
respect for ones forefathers is a very Roman trait and one I share
with many in Nova Roma. It turns out that another Nova Roman and I
are macro national cousins. We discovered this link through Nova
Roma. Small world!

I have served my apprenticeships in Nova Roma government and in a
manner that is in line with both the Roman and Nova Roma, Cursus
Honorum. Praetor, Senator, Tribunus Plebis, and Quaestor (twice) as
well as Curator Differum. Not once have I resigned any of these
offices nor have I resigned my citizenship.

Marca Hortensia Maior you and I have our differences but of all the
candidates for Consul, in my humble opinion, I have fulfilled my
responsibilities that the citizens entrusted to me. I have done so
better and with more faithfulness than any of my opponents

and what could be more Roman than that?


Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
Candidate for Consul
Mea gloria fideles
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46523 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Q. Caecilio M. Traiano C. Equitio Omnibusque salutem.

I hope you don't mind that I've replied to the both of you
simultaneously, but since we're all on the same topic, I thought it
could save a little space and bandwidth.

First, to Marcus Traianus:

I'm certainly not against the idea of publishing my home rites, frugal
though they are. I have my concerns, as I mentioned in my previous
missive, but I don't see any fault in how C. Cato has responded to
them. So I'll add to the docket something along these lines, perhaps
designed as a full course starting with the various elements of the
domestic cultus and the domestic sacra (the various divinities,
objects of worship, setup of the domestic cult, etc.). It may take a
while to give it the authority I would like it to have by being able
to reference sources for everything, but I should be able to write a
few chapters of it by the end of December.

To Gaius Equitius:

As I said in responding to Marcus Traianus, I certainly can't find
much fault in your response to me. I'm certainly willing to give it
the ol' college try, but for now I think it may be easier to put
together the text version first.

To bring it into video, I don't see it as taking much. The main
things necessary are, of course, someone willing to do it (me,
check!), a digital camcorder, the domestic rites and a place to do
them (check), the necessary materials for the domestic rites (check),
and perhaps some video editing software. Depending on who does it, of
course, we'll need either a cameraman or a tripod of some sort, but
the latter shouldn't be all too hard to come by, and if I do it, I'm
sure I can find someone for the former.

I'm not sure what my fellow pontiffs think of the idea, but I'm
certainly in favor of something like this, and I'd be willing to do it
myself. As I said, though, I'd like to have the text version
completed (or at least the first few chapters) before doing it on
video, but I'm up for it. If someone is willing to help out with the
camcorder part of things, and perhaps if we have a willing cameraman
out there, I don't see why we can't have something together and
complete by March, at the very latest.

Valete,

Q. Caecilius Metellus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46524 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato M. Hortensiae sal.

Salve Marca Hortensia.

Thank you. Look at Dionysius of Halicarnassus, though:

"The last branch of the ordinances of Numa related to the sacred
offices allotted to those who held the higher priesthoods and the
greatest power among the Romans. These, from one of the duties they
perform, namely, the repairing of the wooden bridge, are in their own
language called pontifices; but they have jurisdiction over the most
weighty matters. For they the judges in all religious causes wherein
private citizens, magistrates or the ministers of the gods are
concerned; they make laws for the observance of any religious rites,
not established by written law or custom, which may seem to them
worthy of receiving the sanction of law and custom; they inquire into
the conduct of all magistrates to whom the performance of any
sacrifice or other religious duty is committed, and also into that of
all the priests; they take care that their servants and ministers whom
they employ in religious rites commit no error in the matter of the
sacred laws; to the laymen who are unacquainted with such matters they
are the expounder stone interpreters of everything relating to the
worship of the gods and genii; and if they find that any disobey their
orders, they inflict punishment upon them with due regard to every
offence; moreover, they are not liable to any prosecution or
punishment, nor are they accountable to the senate or to the people,
at least concerning religious matters." - Dionysius of Halicarnassus,
The Roman Antiquities 73.1-3

And Smith's Dictionary states:

"They had the judicial decision in all matters of religion, whether
private persons, magistrates, or priests were concerned, and in cases
where the existing laws or customs were found defective or
insufficient, they made new laws and regulations (decreta pontificum)
in which they always followed their own judgment as to what was
consistent with the existing customs and usages...The pontiffs
themselves were not subject to any court of law or punishment, and
were not responsible either to the senate or to the people." - Smith's
Dictionary, "Pontiffs"

This is quite in direct contrast to Apollonius Cordus' claims that
"They were not committees or legislative powers" and that our system
"gives them law-making powers. This was not how things worked in
antiquity...They did not sit...voting on legal pronouncements." It
appears that they did in fact hold legislative power - at least in the
sphere of religious practice.

Apollonius Cordus also says "The current system is designed on the
mistaken belief that the priestly colleges are responsible for every
aspect of religion in the republic." But that is precisely what
Dionysius of Halicarnassus says - "For they the judges in all
religious causes wherein private citizens, magistrates or the
ministers of the gods are concerned."

How do we reconcile these discrepencies?

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46525 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: The Sacrifice Fund
Cato Q. Caecilio Metello sal.

That's the spirit! Excellent, and thank you very much.

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46526 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Upcoming Election
Salve Quirites,
Once again, I sit back as usual and watch the current events unfold
here on the forum. The political battlefield is so much more harsh
than that of the real battlefield. Everyone has there own views, yet
never truly do they try for the common good. I have read the
statements of the Consular candidates and all have true merit, but
which two offer the most to NR? That is truly a hard question. But
it seems that Tiberius Galerius Paulinus seems to be the one with the
most potential and I say this from what I have read and how certain
unyielding opponets try to slander this lack of Latin. I say that
before you attempt to derride an opponet one must look to see
themselves. If you open a candidate up for your criticism, you must
be prepared to be criticised yourself. But perhaps Tiberius has true
and inventeive ideas that scare people. Perhaps you opponets resent
the fact that he will take a proactive role in growing the Republic
while the rest sit back and watch. I say, that if you want change,
you must act on it. Perhaps instead of sitting back and nit-picking a
persons Latin, you should turn that energy into growing the Republic,
or even your own provinciae.

Marcus Sejanus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46527 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-22
Subject: Re: lararium video ( was:The Sacrifice Fund)
M. Hortensia Q.Caecillio Catoni spd;
amice I'm very glad. Do you have a theatrical dept. or
Visual studies dept? They'd have equipment to film. They do at UNC,
but I don't know how to operate it;-
Otherwise I was thinking of Censor M. Octavius Gracchus as
someone with the technical skills we need. Perhaps a chat with him
or Titus Octavius Ahenobarbus Pius over at NRWiki might be helpful.
bene vale
M. Hortensia Maior


>
> Cato Q. Caecilio Metello sal.
>
> That's the spirit! Excellent, and thank you very much.
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46528 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
M. Hortensia Maior Quiritibus spd;
I just checked over at the Religio group where this was posted
as well as on the ML. The pontifices had posted this July 29th,
2006. I remember discussing it with Consul Modianus & talking to
Cordus, I was that pleased to see it.

So any excuses to vote yes/no at the last minute when you are
running for Consul are just not acceptable. Pontifices Astur,
Metellus, Modianus, A. Apollonius Cordus, C. Caius Saturninus,
rectore of Academia Thules, were all available to discuss this
important legislation.

I as a civis expect a reasoned discussion as why someone voted for
or against this proposal. Not that they agree with me; but on a
matter of amending the constitution I expect some thoughtful opinion.

M.Hortensia Maior


- In ReligioRomana@yahoogroups.com, "Q. Caecilius Metellus"
<metellus@...> wrote:

QVOD BONVM FAVSTVM FELIX FORTVNATVMQVE SIT POPVLO ROMANO QUIRITIBVS
The Collegium Pontificum having met in order to vote on RESPONSVM DE
QVATTVOR SVMMIS COLLEGIIS and RESPONSVM DE COLLEGIO PONTIFICVM,
convened
by Pontifex C. Fabius Buteo Modianus, the decision was that both
items
were approved.

RESPONSVM DE QVATTVOR SVMMIS COLLEGIIS

PROEMIVM (Preamble)

The objective of this legislative proposal is to amend the
Constitution
of Nova Roma in order to provide a framework for a more faithful
reconstruction of the religious institutions of the Roman Republic.

The first paragraphs deal with the elimination of "priestly decrees"
as
a source of law in Nova Roma. The last one substitutes the current
paragraphs of the Constitution that define the religious
institutions of
Nova Roma.

-------

I. The paragraph I.A. of the Constitution of Nova Roma shall be
amended
to read as follows:

"A. This Constitution shall be the basic authority for all
decision-making within Nova Roma and shall limit the authority of
all
magistrates and bodies, and all leges (laws) passed by the comitia,
magisterial edicta (edicts) and Senatus consulta shall be subject to
it
except as provided by the following three provisos: [...]"

II. The paragraph I.B. of the Constitution of Nova Roma shall be
amended
to read as follows:

"B. Legal precedence. This Constitution shall be the highest legal
authority within Nova Roma, apart from edicts issued by a legally
appointed dictator. It shall thereafter be followed in legal
authority
by edicta issued by consuls acting under the Senatus consulta
ultima,
laws properly voted and passed by one of the comitia, Senatus
consulta,
and magisterial edicta (in order of descending authority as
described in
section IV of this Constitution), in that order. Should a lower
authority conflict with a higher authority, the higher authority
shall
take precedence. Should a law passed by one of the comitia
contradict
one passed by another or the same comitia without explicitly
superseding
that law, the most recent law shall take precedence."

III. The paragraph III.A. of the Constitution of Nova Roma shall be
amended to read as follows:

"A. The Comitia Curiata (Assembly of Curiae) shall be made up of
thirty
lictores curiati (lictors of the Curia), appointed to their position
by
the Senatus following a responsum from the Collegium Pontificum
(College
of Pontiffs). It shall be called to order by the Pontifex Maximus,
who
shall set the rules by which the Comitia Curiata shall operate
internally following the pertinent responsa from the Collegium
Pontificum. It shall have the following responsibilities:
[...]"

IV. The paragraph VI. of the Constitution of Nova Roma shall be
amended
to read as follows:

"VI. Public Religious Institutions

A. The Cultus Deorum Romanorum, the worship of the Gods and
Goddesses of
Rome, shall be the official religion of Nova Roma. All magistrates
and
senators, as officers of the State, shall be required to publicly
show
respect for the Cultus Deorum and the Gods and Goddesses that made
Rome
great, and to perform the public religious rites and ceremonies
established by the law. Magistrates, senators, and citizens need not
be
practitioners of the Cultus Deorum in the their private lifes, but
may
not engage in any activity that intentionally blasphemes or defames
the
Gods, the Cultus Deorum, or its practitioners.

B. The priesthoods of the Gods of Rome shall be organized as closely
as
practical on the ancient Roman model. The institutions of the Cultus
Deorum shall have authority over religious matters on the level of
the
State only, maintaining the religious rites of the State and
providing
resources pertaining to the Cultus Deorum which citizens may make
use of
if they so choose. Nova Roma shall approach all other religions with
a
syncretistic outlook, offering friendship to all paths which
acknowledge
the right of those who practice and honor the Cultus Deorum to do so
and
respect the beliefs thereof. Only citizens of Nova Roma may be
members
of the public institutions of the Cultus Deorum.

C. The four major priestly colleges of Nova Roma shall be, in order
of
precedence:

1. The Collegium Pontificum
2. The Collegium Augurum
3. The Collegium Decemvirorum Sacris Faciundis
4. The Collegium Septemvirorum Epulonum

Besides these four colleges, there shall be other religious
collegia,
sodalitates and sacerdotes, both public and private.

D. Each Collegium shall have a particular area of responsibility,
authority and expertise. Consultations formulated to a given
Collegium
may be referred to a different Collegium if, according to a majority
of
the members of the Collegium expressing their opinion, they do not
correspond to the sphere of that Collegium.

1. The Collegium Pontificum shall have the following duties and
responsibilities:

a. To respond, upon the request of the magistrates, the Senate, or
private citizens, to consultations about the sacra publica, the
sacra
privata, burial practices and all the religious practices that do
not
explicitly fall in the sphere of a different Collegium.

b. To issue and maintain the official religious calendar, indicating
all
religious festivals, dies fasti, nefasti, comitiales and endotercisi.

c. To take care of the festivities and the temples that do not have
a
specific priest assigned to them.

2. The Collegium Augurum shall have the following duties and
responsibilities:

a. To respond, upon the request of the magistrates, the Senate, or
private citizens, to consultations about divination public
divination
practices and the consecration of spaces and magistrates (jus
augurum).

b. To celebrate the Augurium Salutis in times of peace for the
well-being of the Roman people.

c. To perform the inauguratio of cities, temples, priests and
magistrates.

d. To oversee and advise the magistrate (auspex) with jus auspicium
when
he takes the auguries upon calling a comitia to assemble, upon
taking
office as a magistrate, at the erection of a temple, and on other
occasions, seeing that the rite was done correctly and that nothing
might invalidate it. They shall not take the auspices themselves,
nor
determine how the signs should finally be read.

3. The Collegium Decemvirorum Sacris Faciundis shall have the
following
duties and responsibilities:

a. To maintain the Libri Sibyllini. To propose to the Senate the
inclusion of new texts into the Libri Sibyllini. To maintain other
officially approved prophetic texts.

b. To consult, at the request of the Senate, the Libri Sibyllini in
order to discover the religious observances necessary to avert
extraordinary calamities and to expiate ominous prodigies.

c. To verify the application of the Sibylline oracles. To preside
over
the religious practices prescribed by them.

d. To preside over the cleaning of the Black Stone of Pesinunte.

e. To celebrate the games of Apollo and the Ludi Saeculares.

4. The Collegium Septemvirorum Epulonum shall have the following
duties
and responsibilities:

a. To organize the banquets of public festivals and games,
especially
the Epulum Jovis.

E. Whenever a conflict concerning jurisdiction occurs between two
Collegia, the Senate of Nova Roma shall, through senatus consultum,
be
the ultimate judge on which Collegium should be consulted."


F. The various Collegia shall have the following maximum number of
members:

1. In the Collegium Pontificum there shall be a maximum of nine (9)
Pontifices, including one (1) Pontifex Maximus.

2. In the Collegium Augurum there shall be a maximum of nine (9)
Augures.

3. In the Collegium Decemvirorum Sacris Faciundis there shall be a
maximum of ten (10) Decemviri Sacris Faciundis.

4. In the Collegium Septemvirorum Epulonum there shall be a maximum
of
seven (7) Septemviri Epulones.

G. Each Collegium shall be responsible in front of the Senate and
the
Comitia of recruiting and providing the means to instruct
prospective
new members, so that the maximum number of members for each
Collegium is
kept at all times.

H. Whenever a new member has to be coopted into one of the Quattuor
Summa Collegia, with that Collegium having at least three current
members, two members of that Collegium shall be selected by all the
current members and, between them, the two selected members shall
draw
up a shortlist of three candidates. All the members shall then elect
a
candidate from the shortlist. The candidate receiving the most votes
shall then be inaugurated as member of the Collegium within one
month,
with all the duties and privileges associated with the position.

I. Should at any time one of the Quattuor Summa Collegia, excluding
the
Collegium Pontificum, have less than three (3) members, the
following
process shall be followed:

1. The members of the Collegium Pontificum shall issue a responsum
indicating their recommendations to the Senate on who might be
adlected
to the other collegia.

2. The Senate shall appoint through a senatus consultum the members
necessary to reach three (3) members in the specific collegium.

3. The consules shall call the Comitia Populi Tributa to order to
confirm the Senate's selections.

J. Should the Collegium Pontificum at any time have less than (3)
members, Senate shall appoint the members necessary to reach that
number, and the consules shall call the Comitia Populi Tributa to
order
to confirm the Senate's selections.


K. The members of each one of the Quattuor Summa Collegia shall have
the
duty to respond, upon request from the magistrates or private
citizens,
to questions about Roman ritual practice. These responses shall be
called "decreta" (sing. "decretum") or "responsa"
(sing. "responsum").
For an official responsum to be issued, the consultation must be
officially presented, either by the consultor or by a member of the
Collegium, to all the members of that Collegium as a whole through
the
public mailing list indicated for this purpose by the internal rules
of
the Collegium Itself.

L. Responsa shall not state any conclusions about particular facts
or
situations, but shall only state general rules of religious law. It
shall not be the task of the members of the Quattuor Summa Collegia
to
apply these rules to specific situations.

M. No responsum shall be given within the first seventy-two (72)
hours
from the time when the consultation is presented to the members of a
given Collegium. During that time any member of the Collegium may
request, on the same mailing list, a delay so that the question can
be
discussed by all the members of the Collegium who wish to discuss it.

N. If, after the seventy-two (72) hours have passed, no member of
the
Collegium has requested a delay, any member of the Collegium may
issue a
responsum.

O. If, within the seventy-two (72) hours, any member of the
Collegium
requests a delay, a discussion shall take place among those members
who
wish to discuss the issue. Together they shall formulate a
responsum.
Once that responsum has been agreed by a majority of those members
of
the Collegium involved in the discussion, that responsum shall be
issued
formally and collectively by all the members of the Collegium
involved
in the discussion.

P. Responsa are interpretations of jus sacrum (sacred law) that
pre-exists the decision of a Collegium and are immanent. Therefore,
previous responsa issued by at least three members of a Collegium
shall
not be contradicted by later responsa. However, it is possible that
a
Collegium may occasionally make mistakes in its interpretation of
jus
sacrum. If, as a result of further research, at least three members
of
that Collegium consider that a previous responsum was mistaken, the
Collegium shall reconsider the responsum using the same procedure
stated
in E. If they conclude that the previous responsum was mistaken,
they
shall formulate a new responsum and it shall be issued collectively
by
all the Pontifices involved in the discussion. The Collegium shall
perform expiation for its mistake, and shall declare the appropriate
expiation for any private individual who has acted improperly on the
basis of the mistaken responsum.

Q. Each Collegium shall maintain a collection of previously
delivered
responsa to consultations on religious issues. All the information
contained in those books shall be readily available to the public
through the Nova Roma web site.

R. The members of each Collegium shall be entitled to wear, during
the
celebration of sacra publica, the insignia that mark them as members
of
each one of the Quattuor Summa Collegia. These insignia shall be:

1. For the Collegium Pontificum: the tunica praetexta.

2. For the Collegium Augurum: the toga trabea, the capis and the
lituus.

3. For the Collegium Septemvirorum Epulonum: the toga praetexta and
the
patera."

-----

RESPONSVM DE COLLEGIO PONTIFICVM

PARS PRIMA
DE COLLEGIO PONTIFICO

I. De Membris Collegii

The Collegium Pontificum shall be formed by eight (8) Pontifices and
one
(1) Pontifex Maximus; these shall be the members of the Collegium
Pontificum as far as the issuing of responsa and the cooption of new
Pontifices is concerned. However, the following sacerdotes shall
also be
associated to the Collegium Pontificum, shall be privy to its
discussions and be allowed to express their opinion during them, and
shall take part in those rituals in which the Collegium Pontificum
as a
whole is involved:

1. The Rex Sacrorum
2. The Flamen Dialis
3. The Flamen Martialis
4. The Flamen Quirinalis

II. De Fastis

A. Upon request from the consules, the Collegium Pontificum shall
issue
a decretum defining the official fasti (calendar) of Nova Roma. Said
fasti shall be based on available historical evidence. If, as a
result
of further research, at least three pontifices consider that
different
fasti must be issued, the Collegium shall reconsider the responsum
that
defines the fasti using the same procedure stated in paragraph III
of
the RESPONSVM DE QVATTVOR SVMMIS COLLEGIIS.

B. The fasti shall specify the feriae to be observed by Nova Roma,
except for the movable feriae, which shall be announced by the
Pontifex
Maximus on the kalends of January (kalendas Januarias).

III. De Libris Pontificiis

A. The Collegium Pontificum shall issue and maintain the books
containing the ritual ordinances. These shall receive the name of
Libri
Pontificii or Libri Pontificales. The regulations which serve as a
guide
to the Pontifices in their deliberations (Jus Pontificium) shall
form
part of the Libri Pontificii.

B. The Collegium Pontificum shall issue and maintain the books that
contain the names of the Gods as well as the manner in which these
names
are to be used in public worship. These shall receive the name of
Indigitamenta.

C. The Collegium Pontificum shall maintain a record of the official
actions taken by the Collegium and the Pontifex Maximus. These shall
receive the name of Acta Pontificum.

D. The Collegium Pontificum shall maintain a collection of
previously
delivered responsa to consultations on religious issues. These shall
receive the name of Commentarii Pontificum.

E. All the information cited in A, B, C & D shall be readily
available
to the public through the Nova Roma web site.

IV. De Feriis

A. The members of the Collegium Pontificum shall take care of all
the
public religious ceremonies (sacra publica) indicated in the fasti
or
declared as a moveable feria that have not explicitly been assigned
to a
specific priesthood or magistracy, or whenever such priesthood or
magistracy is vacant.

B. The members of the Collegium Pontificum shall decide among
themselves
how their workload shall be divided, and shall issue a decretum
detailing which person shall be considered responsible for each set
of
sacra.

PARS SECVNDA
DE REGE REGINAQVE SACRORVM

V. De captione Regis Reginaeque Sacrorum

The Pontifex Maximus may, through a public announcement, appoint any
citizen to the position of Rex Sacrorum as long as said citizen
meets
the following conditions:

1. The Rex Sacrorum shall be a patrician citizen.

2. The Rex Sacrorum shall not be a magistrate or senator of Nova
Roma.
If he is a magistrate or a senator in the moment of his appointment
as
Rex Sacrorum, he shall resign his magistracy or
his membership of the Senate before he is eligible to be inaugurated
as
Rex Sacrorum.

3. The Rex Sacrorum shall be married through confarreatio. His wife
shall automatically receive the title of Regina Sacrorum, and the
rights
and duties associated with that title.

After being appointed by the Pontifex Maximus, the Rex and Regina
Sacrorum shall be properly inaugurated following the prescriptions
of
the Libri Pontificii.

VI. De officiis Regis Reginaeque Sacrorum

A. The Rex Sacrorum shall have the following duties:

1. To perform the rituals for Janus and Jupiter prescribed by the
Libri
Pontificii, described in III.A., on the kalendae and nonae of each
month, and to announce on the kalendae of each month the day on
which
the nonae of that month shall take place.

2. To preside the Comitia Calata in the nonae of each month and to
announce the festivals to be held in that month.

3. To try to propitiate, upon the request of the Senatus and
following
the prescriptions of the Libri Pontificii, the anger of the Gods
when
extraordinary portenta may seem to announce some general calamity.

4. To take part in the traditional festivities associated with the
office:

a) The Agonium
b) The Consualia
c) The Regifugium
d) The dies Q.R.C.F. in Martius
e) The dies Q.R.C.F. in Majus.
f) as well as in any additional sacra publica explicitly prescribed
for
the Rex Sacrorum by the Libri Pontificii.

B. The Regina Sacrorum shall have the following duties:

1. To perform the rituals for Juno prescribed by the Libri
Pontificii in
the kalendae and the nonae of each month, as well as in the festival
of
Juno Covella.

2. To perform those other rituals specifically prescribed for the
Regina
Sacrorum by the Libri Pontificii.

PARS TERTIA
DE PONTIFICE MAXIMO

VII. De electione Pontificis Maximi

A. Whenever the position of the Pontifex Maximus is vacant, the most
recently co-opted pontifex shall temporarily be given by consular
edictum the jus agendi cum populo to convene the Comitia Populi
Tributa.
The pontifex that presides over the election shall not be eligible
as
Pontifex Maximus.

B. One half (rounding fractions down) of the tribes of the Comitia
Populi Tributa shall be selected by lot and shall be thereby
convened to
elect a new Pontifex Maximus among the current pontifices, following
the
same procedures followed to elect magistrates through the Comitia
Populi
Tributa.

C. Once a Pontifex Maximus has been elected, he shall be properly
inaugurated following the prescriptions of the Libri Pontificii.

D. The Pontifex Maximus shall hold his office for life. However, he
shall be deprived of his office if he, for whatever reason, looses
his
citizenship.

VIII. De officiis Pontificis Maximi

The Pontifex Maximus shall have the following duties:

1. To act as a spokesman of the Collegium Pontificum.

2. To be responsible for the public hearth in the Aedes Vestae. To
instruct and supervise the Virgines Vestales.

3. To select and to preside over the induction rituals of the
Virgines
Vestales, the Rex Sacrorum, the Flamines Majores and the Flamines
Minores.

4. To oversee the celebration of the sacra publica, and to have
disciplinary authority over the priests responsible for their
celebration, according to the Libri Pontificii. Disciplinary measures
may include fines and/or expulsion from priesthood.

5. To record the significant events of each year in the Annales
Maximi,
and to present the Annales Maximi of the previous year to the public
before the kalendae Martias.

6. To be present in every marriage by confarreatio, and to take part
in
the ritus prescribed for such occasions by the Libri Pontificii.

7. To watch over sacra familiares and the rituals of the dead
practiced
by the citizens of the Res Publica, including the specific duty of
approving or rejecting applications for adrogatio.

PARS QVARTA
DE FLAMINIBVS

IX. De numero captioneque Flaminum

A. The Pontifex Maximus shall appoint three (3) Flamines Majores,
that
shall be named, in order of precedence:

1. Flamen Dialis
2. Flamen Martialis
3. Flamen Quirinalis

The Flamines Majores shall be members of the Ordo Patricius, sons of
parents married by confarreatio, and be married by confarreatio.
The
last two conditions might be waived through a special dispense
through a
responsum from the Collegium Pontificum.

B. The Pontifex Maximus shall appoint, among the members of the Ordo
Plebejus, twelve (12) Flamines Minores, that shall be named:

1. Flamen Carmentalis
2. Flamen Cerealis
3. Flamen Falacer
4. Flamen Floralis
5. Flamen Furrinalis
6. Flamen Lucularis
7. Flamen Palatualis
8. Flamen Pomonalis
9. Flamen Portunalis
10. Flamen Virbialis
11. Flamen Volcanalis
12. Flamen Volturnalis

C. After being appointed by the Pontifex Maximus, a new Flamen shall
be
properly inaugurated following the prescriptions of the Libri
Pontificii.

D. The office of Flamen is understood to last for life; but a flamen
may
be compelled to resign (flaminio abire) for a breach of duty, or
even on
account of the occurrence of an ill-omened accident while
discharging
his functions. The final decision on whether a certain Flamen must
resign shall be in the hands of the Pontifex Maximus.

X. De officiis Flaminis Dialis

A. The Flamen Dialis shall have the following duties:

1. To wear, during official acts, the insignia of his office: toga
praetexta and apex. He shall also have the right to sit on a sella
curulis, be escorted by one lictor and take part in the deliberations
of the Senate.

2. To preside, together with the Flaminica Dialis (the wife of the
Flamen Dialis, to whom he must be married by confarreatio), over the
rites of confarreatio.

3. To follow the traditional prohibitions of his office, as
prescribed
by the Libri Pontificii.

4. To leave office if his wife dies or if he divorces.

5. To take part in the traditional festivities associated with the
office:

a) the Lupercalia
b) the Vinalia
c) the Fidei Solemne
d) the Ovis Idulis

as well as in any additional sacra publica explicitly prescribed by
the
Libri Pontificii.

6. On each nundina a sacrifice to Jupiter shall be performed by the
Flaminica Dialis according to the prescriptions of the Libri
Pontificii.
The Flaminica Dialis shall also take part in the following
traditional festivities:

a) the Itur ad Argeos
b) the Ancilia Moventia
c) the Februa Poscens

She shall be subject to some special taboos (defined in the Libri
Pontificii) during June until the end of the Vestalia.

B. Should the office of the Flamen Dialis be vacant, the duties of
the
office shall be discharged by the Pontifex Maximus.

XI. De officiis Flaminis Martialis

The Flamen Martialis shall have the following duties:

1. To wear, during official acts, the insignia of his office: toga
praetexta and apex.

2. To take part in the traditional festivities associated with the
office:

a) the Octobris Equus
b) the Fidei Solemne

as well as in any additional sacra publica explicitly prescribed by
the
Libri Pontificii.

3. The Flamen Martialis must be married by confarreatio, and his
wife
shall receive the title of Flaminica Martialis, and shall perform
the
duties explicitly prescribed for that position in the Libri
Pontificii.

XII. De officiis Flaminis Quirinalis

The Flamen Quirinalis shall have the following duties:

1. To wear, during official acts, the insignia of his office: toga
praetexta and apex.

2. To take part in the traditional festivities associated with the
office:

a) the Robigalia
b) the Consualia
c) the Latentalia
b) the Fidei Solemne

as well as in any additional sacra publica explicitly prescribed by
the
Libri Pontificii.

3. The Flamen Quirinalis must be married by confarreatio, and his
wife
shall receive the title of Flaminica Quirinalis, and shall perform
the
duties explicitly prescribed for that position in the Libri
Pontificii.

XIII. De officiis Flaminum Minorum

The Flamines Minores shall have the following duties:

1. To wear, during official acts, the insignia of his office: toga
praetexta and apex.

2. To take part in the traditional festivities associated with the
office, as well as in any additional sacra publica explicitly
prescribed
by the Libri Pontificii.

-----

Announced by Q. Caecilius Metellus and C. Fabius Buteo Modianus,
Pontifex, in the absence of the Pontifex Maximus.

--- End forwarded message ---
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46529 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori quiritibusque SPD

Salvete omnes.

Marca Hortensia, it's fine that this proposal was published. It's
great that the College of Pontiffs voted on it. But neither of these
events have any affect whatsoever regarding my question about the
contradictions.


"The objective of this legislative proposal is to amend the
Constitution of Nova Roma in order to provide a framework for a more
faithful reconstruction of the religious institutions of the Roman
Republic. The first paragraphs deal with the elimination of 'priestly
decrees' as a source of law in Nova Roma."

How can a reconstruction become "more faithful" to ancient practice if
it directly contradicts an ancient source?

"...they make laws for the observance of any religious rites,
not established by written law or custom, which may seem to them
worthy of receiving the sanction of law and custom; they inquire into
the conduct of all magistrates to whom the performance of any
sacrifice or other religious duty is committed, and also into that of
all the priests..." - Dionysius of Halicarnassus, The Roman
Antiquities 73.2

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46530 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Salvete omnes.

Would someone who is responsible for this proposal, or someone who
supports it and feels competent to do so, care to comment on the
definition of "jus auspicium", as it is used in respect of Section
IV.D.2.d?

I am aware of what it was in antiquity, but I would like clarification
of how it is defined for the purpose of this proposed section of the
Constitution, and how a magistrate is deemed to possess it.

With thanks, in anticipation of an answer.

Valete
Cn. Iulius Caesar
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46531 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Hortensia Catoni spd;
Cato my friend, you need to buy a good text on Roman law.
In the early history of Rome, the pontiffs were the keepers of the
law, but by the Republic they were consulted on matters of religious
law by the Senate and magistrates. This is just straitforward
history.

The example I gave you concerning Cicero's house is right on point.

I also suggest you buy the Beard & North. Vol. 1 is invaluable as it
discusses priestly law and politics in the Republic.
Cordus posted a good reading list at the Wiki but here is also a
book he recommended to me:
Szemler "The priests of the Roman republic: a study of
interactions between priesthoods and magistracies" (Latomus 1972) &
more.
This is why we should all enroll at wonderful Academia Thules.
[I'm taking Latin there - my 3rd year:)] I hope if Cordus has the
time, to assist him & give the Roman Law course again.
bene vale
Maior



>
> Marca Hortensia, it's fine that this proposal was published. It's
> great that the College of Pontiffs voted on it. But neither of
these
> events have any affect whatsoever regarding my question about the
> contradictions.
>
>
> "The objective of this legislative proposal is to amend the
> Constitution of Nova Roma in order to provide a framework for a
more
> faithful reconstruction of the religious institutions of the Roman
> Republic. The first paragraphs deal with the elimination
of 'priestly
> decrees' as a source of law in Nova Roma."
>
> How can a reconstruction become "more faithful" to ancient
practice if
> it directly contradicts an ancient source?
>
> "...they make laws for the observance of any religious rites,
> not established by written law or custom, which may seem to them
> worthy of receiving the sanction of law and custom; they inquire
into
> the conduct of all magistrates to whom the performance of any
> sacrifice or other religious duty is committed, and also into that
of
> all the priests..." - Dionysius of Halicarnassus, The Roman
> Antiquities 73.2
>
> Valete bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46532 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@...> wrote:

...

> Apollonius Cordus also says "The current system is designed on the
> mistaken belief that the priestly colleges are responsible for every
> aspect of religion in the republic." But that is precisely what
> Dionysius of Halicarnassus says - "For they the judges in all
> religious causes wherein private citizens, magistrates or the
> ministers of the gods are concerned."
>
> How do we reconcile these discrepencies?
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>

Agricola Catoni sal

Dionysius was pro-Roman, certainly, and he lived in Rome, certainly,
but he was Greek and writing for a Greek audience and trying to put
things in terms they would understand. Were he writing today his work
would probably not stand up to critical scrutiny. He was not an expert
on these things. He relied on others to give him the story (and one
suspects sometimes he was fed a good story) and was not averse to
filling in the gaps with a creative flair.

Also, he was writing at the time of Augustus, and as we know, things
worked differently then. Even if what he says was true at the time of
Augustus it is not necessarily true of earlier times (and may reflect
a very different understanding things).

The evidence we glean from offhand remarks, from incidental references
in works on other topics, will sometimes be more valuable because
these things were not worked over for an audience.


optime vale
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46533 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori M. Lucretio Agricolo SPD.

Salvete omnes.

Marca Hortensia, simply telling me to read a different book - or take
a class from the man with whom I am disagreeing on a few points - does
not answer my question.


Agricole! Your point is reasonable, but...

Alexis de Tocqueville captured with an almost unerring eye the
practices and politics of the fledgeling United States; can his
observations be dismissed because he is French?

Dionysius specifically places his descriptions of Roman customs during
his discussion of the life of Numa Pompilius, not referring to the
time at which he himself was writing. He spent some twenty-odd years
studying and reading primary sources before writing his history ("The
Roma Antiquities") - in fact, he and Livy are the only detailed
historians of early Rome whose works still exist in cohesive form.

I would only ask, then, that someone would supply that framework of
"offhand remarks from incidental references in works on other topics"
which support a claim contradictory to a perfectly clear and pretty
blunt description of the power of the pontiffs to make religious law.

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46534 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: a.d. X Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem X Kalendas Novembris; haec dies comitialis est.

"With this reply the Samnites were dismissed, quite uncertain as to
what the Romans were going to do. But its effect was to completely
estrange the Campanians, who now feared the worst, and it made the
Latins more determined than ever, since the Romans refused any further
concessions. Under the pretext of making preparations for a Samnite
war, they held frequent meetings of their national council, and in all
the consultations of their leaders they hatched plans in secret for
war with Rome. The Campanians also took part in this movement against
their preservers. But in spite of the careful secrecy with which
everything was being conducted-for they wanted the Samnites to be
dislodged from their rear before the Romans made any movement-some who
had friends and relatives in Rome sent hints about the league which
was being formed. The consuls were ordered to resign before the expiry
of their year of office in order that the new consuls might be elected
at an earlier date in view of such a formidable war. There were
religious difficulties in the way of the elections being held by those
whose tenure of office had been curtailed, and so an interregnum
commenced. There were two interreges, M. Valerius and M. Fabius. The
latter elected T. Manlius Torquatus (for the third time) and P. Decius
Mus as consuls. It was in this year [341 B.C.], it appears, that
Alexander, King of Epirus, landed in Italy, and there is no doubt that
had he been fairly successful at first that war would have extended to
Rome. This, too, was about the time of the achievements of Alexander
the Great, the son of this man's sister, who, after proving himself
invincible in another region of the globe, was cut off, whilst a young
man, by disease. Although there could be no doubt as to the revolt of
their allies-the Latin league-still, as though they were concerned for
the Samnites and not for themselves, the Romans invited the ten chiefs
of the league to Rome to give them instructions as to what they
wanted. Latium at that time had two praetors, L. Annius of Setia and
L. Numisius of Cerceii, both belonging to the Roman colonists. Through
these men not only had Signia and Velitrae, themselves Roman colonies,
but the Volsci also been instigated to take up arms. It was decided
that they should be particularly invited by name. No one had the
slightest doubt as to the reason for this invitation. A meeting of
their council was accordingly held prior to their departure; they
informed those present that they had been asked by the senate to go to
Rome, and they requested them to decide as to what reply they should
give with reference to the matters which they had reason to suppose
would be discussed." - Livy, History of Rome 8.3


"The night now being far spent, Brutus, as he was sitting, leaned his
head towards his servant Clitus and spoke to him; he answered him not,
but fell a weeping. After that, he drew aside his armor-bearer,
Dardanus, and had some discourse with him in private. At last,
speaking to Volumnius in Greek, he reminded him of their common
studies and former discipline, and begged that he would take hold of
his sword with him, and help him to thrust it through him. Volumnius
put away his request, and several others did the like; and someone
saying, that there was no staying there, but they needs must fly,
Brutus, rising up, said, 'Yes, indeed, we must fly, but not with our
feet, but with our hands.' Then giving each of them his right hand,
with a countenance full of pleasure, he said, that he found an
infinite satisfaction in this, that none of his friends had been false
to him; that as for fortune, he was angry with that only for his
country's sake; as for himself, he thought himself much more happy
than they who had overcome, not only as he had been a little time ago,
but even now in his present condition; since he was leaving behind him
such a reputation of his virtue as none of the conquerors with all
their arms and riches should ever be able to acquire, no more than
they could hinder posterity from believing and saying, that, being
unjust and wicked men, they had destroyed the just and the good, and
usurped a power to which they had no right. After this, having
exhorted and entreated all about him to provide for their own safety,
he withdrew from them with two or three only of his peculiar friends;
Strato was one of these, with whom he had contracted an acquaintance
when they studied rhetoric together. Him he placed next to himself,
and, taking hold of the hilt of his sword and directing it with both
his hands, he fell upon it, and killed himself. But others say, that
not he himself, but Strato, at the earnest entreaty of Brutus, turning
aside his head, held the sword, upon which he violently throwing
himself, it pierced his breast, and he immediately died. This same
Strato, Messala, a friend of Brutus, being, after reconciled to
Caesar, brought to him once at his leisure, and with tears in his eyes
said, 'This, O Caesar, is the man that did the last friendly office to
my beloved Brutus.' Upon which Caesar received him kindly; and had
good use of him in his labors and his battles at Actium, being one of
the Greeks that proved their bravery in his service. It is reported of
Messala himself, that, when Caesar once gave him this commendation,
that though he was his fiercest enemy at Philippi in the cause of
Brutus, yet he had shown himself his most entire friend in the fight
of Actium, he answered, 'You have always found me, Caesar, on the best
and justest side.' Brutus's dead body was found by Antony, who
commanded the richest purple mantle that he had to be thrown over it,
and afterwards the mantle being stolen, he found the thief, and had
him put to death." - Plutarch, Parallel Lives "Marcus Brutus"

" 'This was the noblest Roman of them all.
All the conspirators save only he
Did that they did in envy of great Caesar;
He, only in general honest thought
And common good to all, made one of them.
His life was gentle, and the elements
So mixed in him that Nature might stand up
And say to all the world, 'This was a man!' " - Marc Antony's elegy
for Brutus in William Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar"


On this day in 42 B.C., Brutus committed suicide, after losing the
battle with Octavian and Mark Antony. Brutus had betrayed and murdered
Julius Caesar, and plunged the Roman world into civil war that lasted
years and took countless lives. Cassius too died this day, stabbing
himself with the very dagger he used to murder Caesar.




"Tis true, a scorpion's oil is said
To cure the wounds the venom made.
And weapons dress'd with salves restore
And heal the hurts they gave before." - Samuel Butler, "Hudibras" III.
ii.1029

Today the Sun enters Scorpio, the 8th Sign of the Zodiac. According
to Greek mythology, it corresponds to the scorpion which was sent by
Gaia (or possibly the goddess Hera) to kill the hunter Orion, the
scorpion rising out of the ground at the goddess's command to attack.
We note that as Scorpius rises in the east, the constellation of Orion
seems to die in the west. When Orion rises again, it may be seen as
the deity's restoration. In the myth, this restoration to 'health' is
performed by Aesculapius, the god of the healing art. As Orion rises
in the east, he is 'crushed' by the constellation Ophiuchus, 'the
serpent holder'. There was no classical god named Ophiuchus (which
means 'toiling'), but the figure was thought to represent Aesculapius.

In many versions, however, Apollo sent the scorpion after Orion,
having grown jealous of Artemis's attentions to the man. Later, to
apologize for killing her friend, Apollo then helped Artemis hang
Orion's image in the night sky. However, the scorpion was also placed
up there, and every time it appears on the horizon, Orion starts to
sink into the other side of the sky, still running from the attacker.

Scorpius also appears in one version of the fable of Phaethon, a
foolish mortal who obtained permission to drive the Apollo's
sun-chariot for a day. The horses, already out of control in their sky
journey, became scared when they encountered the great celestial
scorpion with its sting raised to strike, and the inexperienced boy
lost control of the chariot, as the sun wildly went about the sky.
Finally, Iuppiter struck him down with a thunderbolt to stop the rampage.

The astrological sign Scorpio (October 23 - November 21) is associated
with the constellation. In some cosmologies, Scorpio is associated
with the classical element Water, and thus called a Water Sign (with
Cancer and Pisces). It is also one of the four Fixed signs (along with
Taurus, Leo, and Aquarius). Its polar opposite is Taurus. Each
astrological sign is assigned a part of the body, viewed as the seat
of its power. Scorpio rules the genitals. The symbol for Scorpio is
the scorpion. The qualities of Scorpio include: a lifelong fascination
with sex, birth, and death, an extremely focused nature, penetrative
insight, a strong sense of privacy, and an ability to subtly affect
others in profound (often sexual) ways. The Chinese included these
stars in the Azure Dragon, a powerful but benevolent creature whose
rising heralded Spring. To the Egyptians (for a period), the stars of
Scorpius were seen as a serpent. In classical Greek and Roman times,
the scorpion's huge claws included the stars that we now call Libra.
To the Maori, Scorpius was seen as a magic fish-hook on which the
fisherman demi-god Maui caught a large fish that was in fact a piece
of land which then broke in two, forming the two main islands of
Aotearoa, now called New Zealand. Then the hook was removed with great
force from the islands, flying into the sky where it remains. In
another version, the fish became the North Island and the boat's
anchor became the South. The many valleys and mountains of the North
Island were caused when Maui's brothers fought over the fish.


Valete bene!

Cato




SOURCES

Livy, Plutarch, Scorpio (http://www.onecer.net/scorpio/november/) and
(http://www.metaphysicslab.com/zodiac_signs/scorpio_sun_sign.htm)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46535 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Hortensia Catoni sal;
Cato, you know as well as I that a textbook on Roman law is
entirely different than an eyewitness account. I suggest you buy any
one you like, as long as it is by a scholar. This is a silly
discussion. These are facts not in dispute by anyone. You can
purchase a roman law book on Amazon, Ilibris, etc..
As for Cordus's course, it is not his opinion, he has all
the sources for you to read & inform yourself. You cannot do this on
the internet.
No one is born knowing Roman law or how it worked, that's
the point. We need to turn to good sources and learn & then act upon
it.
bene vale
Maior
>
> Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori M. Lucretio Agricolo SPD.
>
> Salvete omnes.
>
> Marca Hortensia, simply telling me to read a different book - or
take
> a class from the man with whom I am disagreeing on a few points -
does
> not answer my question.
>
>
> Agricole! Your point is reasonable, but...
>
> Alexis de Tocqueville captured with an almost unerring eye the
> practices and politics of the fledgeling United States; can his
> observations be dismissed because he is French?
>
> Dionysius specifically places his descriptions of Roman customs
during
> his discussion of the life of Numa Pompilius, not referring to the
> time at which he himself was writing. He spent some twenty-odd
years
> studying and reading primary sources before writing his history
("The
> Roma Antiquities") - in fact, he and Livy are the only detailed
> historians of early Rome whose works still exist in cohesive form.
>
> I would only ask, then, that someone would supply that framework of
> "offhand remarks from incidental references in works on other
topics"
> which support a claim contradictory to a perfectly clear and pretty
> blunt description of the power of the pontiffs to make religious
law.
>
> Valete bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46536 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006
Salvete omnes.

Well so far no one has stepped forward to explain the issue below.
In which case, assuming someone eventually will get around to
adressing it, maybe that person would also like to address whether
this provision could potentially disqualify devout Christians, from
becoming Consul? The latter is of no personal concern to me, but I
suspect it maybe to some, of that faith.

Understanding the ramifications of the section below really would be
a good thing for quite a number of the electorate.

Again, my thanks to whoever feels up to explaining all of this.

Valete
Cn. Iulius Caesar

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Gnaeus Iulius Caesar"
<gn_iulius_caesar@...> wrote:
>
> Salvete omnes.
>
> Would someone who is responsible for this proposal, or someone who
> supports it and feels competent to do so, care to comment on the
> definition of "jus auspicium", as it is used in respect of Section
> IV.D.2.d?
>
> I am aware of what it was in antiquity, but I would like
clarification
> of how it is defined for the purpose of this proposed section of
the
> Constitution, and how a magistrate is deemed to possess it.
>
> With thanks, in anticipation of an answer.
>
> Valete
> Cn. Iulius Caesar
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46537 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori sal.

Salve Marca Hortensia.

I'm a little confused: I quote directly from an ancient source, yet
you continue to refer to "textbooks"?

You wrote: "you know as well as I that a textbook on Roman law is
entirely different than an eyewitness account...We need to turn to
good sources and learn & then act upon it [sic]."

Well, if an ancient historian, writing of Roman history after having
studied primary sources for more than twenty years in the archives of
the City of Rome itself is not a good source for information about
ancient Romans, I'm not sure exactly to whom we should turn.

You write: "These are facts not in dispute by anyone."

Yet these are apparently not simply "facts" - and I have shown you
very clearly that a real life actual ancient contradicts your
assumptions. Not only that, but a modern authority (William Smith's
Dictionary) contradicts your assumptions.

Please show me texts from ancient sources which support the claim that
this proposal is, in fact, in accordance with ancient Roman tradition.
Is this so difficult? If you support this proposal, I would hope you
are doing so out of your own understanding, not simply because someone
else (no matter how learned or intelligent they are) says so.

Vale bene,

Cato

P.S. - and *please* don't simply parrot any more lines about reading
textbooks or taking classes at the Thules Academy; I want ancient
sources and *your* reasoning behind supporting this proposal despite
an ancient source who declares precisely the opposite of what you are
saying. Thanks! GEC
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46538 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
M. Hortensia Catoni sd;
you dont want a textbook only ancient sources. Well forget
archeological evidence or anything else. You are being just
ridiculous.
I gave you a republican Roman law case which turns on a religious
issue precisely as an example: Cicero's house which was turned into
a temple of Libertas by Clodius Pulcher his enemy. Cicero wrote "On
his house" to get it back. Cicero was a Roman lawyer, but of course
as he admitted he lied about facts all the time. So did a number of
ancient philosophers, namely Plato and Aristotle about the
Pythagorean school.
You must retain a critical faculty .
M. Hortensia Maior
>
> Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori sal.
>
> Salve Marca Hortensia.
>
> I'm a little confused: I quote directly from an ancient source,
yet
> you continue to refer to "textbooks"?
>
> You wrote: "you know as well as I that a textbook on Roman law is
> entirely different than an eyewitness account...We need to turn to
> good sources and learn & then act upon it [sic]."
>
> Well, if an ancient historian, writing of Roman history after
having
> studied primary sources for more than twenty years in the archives
of
> the City of Rome itself is not a good source for information about
> ancient Romans, I'm not sure exactly to whom we should turn.
>
> You write: "These are facts not in dispute by anyone."
>
> Yet these are apparently not simply "facts" - and I have shown you
> very clearly that a real life actual ancient contradicts your
> assumptions. Not only that, but a modern authority (William
Smith's
> Dictionary) contradicts your assumptions.
>
> Please show me texts from ancient sources which support the claim
that
> this proposal is, in fact, in accordance with ancient Roman
tradition.
> Is this so difficult? If you support this proposal, I would hope
you
> are doing so out of your own understanding, not simply because
someone
> else (no matter how learned or intelligent they are) says so.
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
> P.S. - and *please* don't simply parrot any more lines about
reading
> textbooks or taking classes at the Thules Academy; I want ancient
> sources and *your* reasoning behind supporting this proposal
despite
> an ancient source who declares precisely the opposite of what you
are
> saying. Thanks! GEC
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46539 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session
Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori sal.

Salve Marca Hortensia!

I am still puzzled: what does your claim that Cicero, Plato, and
Aristotle are self-admitted liars have anything to do with citing
ancient source material regarding the historically documented powers
of the College of Pontiffs to make religious law?

You are running all over the place and I am asking a simple question:

Where do you find, in any ancient source, support for the claim that
the College of Pontiffs during the Republic did *not* have the power
to declare religious law? I am asking you to cite any kind of support
for this claim. That's all.

No lectures about Aristotle, or the Pythagorean school, or herring
fisheries in the North Sea, or the final secret resting place of the
Ark of the Covenant.

Roman Republican pontiffs. Religious law. Ancient source citation(s).

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46540 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
M. Hortensia Catoni sal;
I had this list of online links from Cordus's law course at
Academia Thules. Do the research & you will find the answers.
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior

--The Roman Law Library
---------------------

A collection of ancient sources on Roman law, mostly
in Latin but with some translations in English,
French, Spanish, and Etruscan(!):

http://www.upmf-grenoble.fr/Haiti/Cours/Ak/


S. P. SCOTT'S CIVIL LAW
-----------------------

A complete but not terribly accurate English
translation of Justinian's Digest, Gaius' Institutes,
and other legal texts:

http://www.constitution.org/sps/sps.htm


ROMAN /LEGES/
-------------

Two websites with lists and brief descriptions of
Roman /leges/:

http://www.geocities.com/bwduncan/rhr/leges.html

http://www.unrv.com/government/index-of-roman-laws.php


THE TWELVE TABLES
-----------------

An English translation of the Twelve Tables (Latin
text is available on the Latin Library and other
sites):

http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/12tables.html


THE LATIN LIBRARY
-----------------

Complete texts in Latin of many ancient sources. Under
the section called "Ius Romanum" you'll find the Latin
texts of many legal documents, including some not
found in the Roman Law Library:

http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/


ATTALUS
-------

A site listing major historical events year by year
from 320 B.C. to 61 B.C., with links to ancient
sources (some in translation, some in original Latin &
Greek):

http://www.attalus.org/index.html


OTHER ANCIENT SOURCES
---------------------

A complete English translation of Livy:

http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ah/Livy/

Many Latin sources:

http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/authors_a.html

Many Latin and other texts:

http://www.intratext.com/


SMITH'S DICTIONARY
------------------

A dictionary of things Greek and Roman, quite useful
on Roman law, but beware - it is 130 years old, and
many of the details are out of date.

http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA*/h
ome*.html


OTHER PAGES
-----------

Some texts and links on Roman law in English, German,
Italian, and Latin:

http://www.jura.uni-sb.de/Rechtsgeschichte/Ius.Romanum/english.html

Various bits of information about Roman law, in
English and German:

http://iuscivile.com/- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato"
<mlcinnyc@...> wrote:
>
> Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori sal.
>
> Salve Marca Hortensia!
>
> I am still puzzled: what does your claim that Cicero, Plato, and
> Aristotle are self-admitted liars have anything to do with citing
> ancient source material regarding the historically documented
powers
> of the College of Pontiffs to make religious law?
>
> You are running all over the place and I am asking a simple
question:
>
> Where do you find, in any ancient source, support for the claim
that
> the College of Pontiffs during the Republic did *not* have the
power
> to declare religious law? I am asking you to cite any kind of
support
> for this claim. That's all.
>
> No lectures about Aristotle, or the Pythagorean school, or herring
> fisheries in the North Sea, or the final secret resting place of
the
> Ark of the Covenant.
>
> Roman Republican pontiffs. Religious law. Ancient source citation
(s).
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46541 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Salve Maior.

As a supporter of this intended constitutional change I have to say
that you are doing a terrible job of being it's advocate.

Simply throwing a mass of links onto the forum and telling Cato to
repeat the very same research that apparently led to this legislation
being concocted is either (it seems to me):

1. A bluff because there is no relevant source material that refutes
the source Cato found.

2. A bluff because you don't know if there is any relevant source
material that refutes the source Cato found and you won't (for some
reason) just say "I don't know".

3. A somewhat (to put it mildly) high-handed dismissal of his
question, when you could simply provide the answer.

4. Maior being Maior.

Whatever the reason, you surely could just provide the answer
(assuming there is one) to all of us now the question has been asked?

Vale
Cn. Iulius Caesar

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia Catoni sal;
> I had this list of online links from Cordus's law course at
> Academia Thules. Do the research & you will find the answers.
> bene vale
> Marca Hortensia Maior
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46542 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-23
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Salvete omnes

To clarify - in case anyone later claims I led them astray <g> - I
should have said:

"Since you are a supporter of this intended constitutional change I
have to say that you are doing a terrible job of being it's advocate."

Valete
Caesar

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Gnaeus Iulius Caesar"
<gn_iulius_caesar@...> wrote:
>
> Salve Maior.
>
> As a supporter of this intended constitutional change I have to say
> that you are doing a terrible job of being it's advocate.
>
> Simply throwing a mass of links onto the forum and telling Cato to
> repeat the very same research that apparently led to this
legislation
> being concocted is either (it seems to me):
>
> 1. A bluff because there is no relevant source material that
refutes
> the source Cato found.
>
> 2. A bluff because you don't know if there is any relevant source
> material that refutes the source Cato found and you won't (for some
> reason) just say "I don't know".
>
> 3. A somewhat (to put it mildly) high-handed dismissal of his
> question, when you could simply provide the answer.
>
> 4. Maior being Maior.
>
> Whatever the reason, you surely could just provide the answer
> (assuming there is one) to all of us now the question has been
asked?
>
> Vale
> Cn. Iulius Caesar
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@> wrote:
> >
> > M. Hortensia Catoni sal;
> > I had this list of online links from Cordus's law course at
> > Academia Thules. Do the research & you will find the answers.
> > bene vale
> > Marca Hortensia Maior
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46543 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salvete omnes,

Over in the newroman mailing list, new citizen C. Iulia Circuina and I
have been batting around ideas for a 3 day weekend convention to be held
somewhere in North America next spring.

Tempting though it is to just plan the whole thing and announce it
(which really avoids so much potential bickering), I've instead
concluded that the best way to approach this is to say that I think it's
high time we in North America do something comparable to the Conventus
in Europe, and that I think March would be a great time to do it.

So, what I'd like to know is:

1. Who'd be interested in attending, assuming it's happening at some
convention hotel in some US or Canadian city next March?

2. Who'd like to bid to have it in *their* city/state/province?

3. Who's willing to be part of the convention planning committee
(hereafter known as the ConCom)?

Let's get some feedback here in the mainlist for a few days, and then
I'll create a mailing list for planning this thing. I'll probably call
it NovaRomaCon if that name isn't taken.

What we do NOT want to do right now is jump ahead to planning specific
activities. That's what the ConCom is for. I'm sure that once they
exist they'll be soliciting ideas. I know I have many ideas to share
with them.

Valete,

Gn. Equitius Marinus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46544 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Maior,

Cato is asking you to cite your sources to support your opinion. If you do
not know and cannot document your source, just admit that it is only your
opinion based on your readings. There are no points involved in this discussion
and no prizes.

Regardless of whether you can document your source or it is just an opinion,
academicians are still researching and discovering new information all the
time. The Sacred Colleges were built upon almost five hundred years of actual
sacred practices of the Romans, Latins, and other inhabitants of the Italian
penisula. Educated Romans did not begin to write down opinions and
information about the Sacra et Religio until the 3rd century BCE. By that time, a
lot of practices had become traditional but Rome still managed to continue to
adapt, adopt, and change.

Nova Roma will be at its best if it follows what we know about Roman
culture, society, and religion so we can also adapt, adopt, and change for the
better.

One more personal opinion from me. If you are interested in the
reestablishment of the Sacra et Religio, why don't you apply for a position in the
hierarchy?
F. Galerius Aurelianus


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46545 From: Diana Octavia Aventina Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: My space
Salvete Renata and Octavius and other myspace users,

Myspace deleted my account! So I am really not crazy
(well I am, but for other reasons) when I send you all
another friend invite later once I set it up again.

They deletedit for sexual content or because I covered
one of their adds. There was no sex on my page (other
than my natural animal magnetism that is ha ha !) so
it must have been because I covered up the "Diana is
part of your extended network" banner. errrrrr I spent
2 hours filling in the profile last night.

Valete,
Diana

__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around
http://mail.yahoo.com
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46546 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Hortensia omnibus sd:
I really am appalled at the general attitude of entitlement ;
the assumption that I & others can sit here all day & teach you
Roman law & political history & argue whether Roman Law texbooks are
worthwhile!
As I posted the responsum from the CP went out July 29th,
2006. You had all the time in the world to ask Pontiff Astur,
Modianus, Metellus, Cordus, Saturninus, L. Arminius Faustus, M.
Moravius Piscinus & me what you wanted to know. I had the time then
to go to the library etc.. .
I don't now. I'm writing two books, doing reseach & taking
two Latin courses at Academia Thules: Grammatica II & Sermo I & II.

A. Apollonius Cordus posted why it was worthwhile & how it is a
return to republican practice. I then posted quotes from Beard &
North as to what pontifices did plus a fine example from Cicero.

If you want more, do it yourself: write to Pontiffs, Modianus,
Metellus, and kindly ask if they have the time would they post a
full reply on the web. I really don't know what you want. But you're
going to have to make the effort yourselves.
M. Hortensia Maior


> Maior,
>
> Cato is asking you to cite your sources to support your opinion.
If you do
> not know and cannot document your source, just admit that it is
only your
> opinion based on your readings. There are no points involved in
this discussion
> and no prizes.
>
> Regardless of whether you can document your source or it is just
an opinion,
> academicians are still researching and discovering new information
all the
> time. The Sacred Colleges were built upon almost five hundred
years of actual
> sacred practices of the Romans, Latins, and other inhabitants of
the Italian
> penisula. Educated Romans did not begin to write down opinions
and
> information about the Sacra et Religio until the 3rd century BCE.
By that time, a
> lot of practices had become traditional but Rome still managed to
continue to
> adapt, adopt, and change.
>
> Nova Roma will be at its best if it follows what we know about
Roman
> culture, society, and religion so we can also adapt, adopt, and
change for the
> better.
>
> One more personal opinion from me. If you are interested in the
> reestablishment of the Sacra et Religio, why don't you apply for a
position in the
> hierarchy?
> F. Galerius Aurelianus
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46547 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Salve Maior.

This increasingly looks like bluster on your part.

Firstly no one wants you to teach them anything, just provide a
source.

Secondly, it seems as though you don't have a source, for you
indicate that you don't have time to go to the library. Why would
you want to go to the library if you had a source to hand? You
wouldn't need to. Therefore the only reason to go would be to find a
source, ergo you don't have one.

Thirdly, I won't even bother asking you to explain if/how Christian
Consuls, mindful of their faith, will be affected by this change.
The mental contortions you would likely put yourself through to
avoid answering the question would be too painful to watch.

Vale
Caesar

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> Hortensia omnibus sd:
> I really am appalled at the general attitude of
entitlement ;
> the assumption that I & others can sit here all day & teach you
> Roman law & political history & argue whether Roman Law texbooks
are
> worthwhile!
> As I posted the responsum from the CP went out July 29th,
> 2006. You had all the time in the world to ask Pontiff Astur,
> Modianus, Metellus, Cordus, Saturninus, L. Arminius Faustus, M.
> Moravius Piscinus & me what you wanted to know. I had the time
then
> to go to the library etc.. .
> I don't now. I'm writing two books, doing reseach & taking
> two Latin courses at Academia Thules: Grammatica II & Sermo I & II.
>
> A. Apollonius Cordus posted why it was worthwhile & how it is a
> return to republican practice. I then posted quotes from Beard &
> North as to what pontifices did plus a fine example from Cicero.
>
> If you want more, do it yourself: write to Pontiffs, Modianus,
> Metellus, and kindly ask if they have the time would they post a
> full reply on the web. I really don't know what you want. But
you're
> going to have to make the effort yourselves.
> M. Hortensia Maior
>
>
> > Maior,
> >
> > Cato is asking you to cite your sources to support your
opinion.
> If you do
> > not know and cannot document your source, just admit that it is
> only your
> > opinion based on your readings. There are no points involved in
> this discussion
> > and no prizes.
> >
> > Regardless of whether you can document your source or it is just
> an opinion,
> > academicians are still researching and discovering new
information
> all the
> > time. The Sacred Colleges were built upon almost five hundred
> years of actual
> > sacred practices of the Romans, Latins, and other inhabitants of
> the Italian
> > penisula. Educated Romans did not begin to write down opinions
> and
> > information about the Sacra et Religio until the 3rd century
BCE.
> By that time, a
> > lot of practices had become traditional but Rome still managed
to
> continue to
> > adapt, adopt, and change.
> >
> > Nova Roma will be at its best if it follows what we know about
> Roman
> > culture, society, and religion so we can also adapt, adopt, and
> change for the
> > better.
> >
> > One more personal opinion from me. If you are interested in
the
> > reestablishment of the Sacra et Religio, why don't you apply for
a
> position in the
> > hierarchy?
> > F. Galerius Aurelianus
> >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46548 From: Rachel Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Congratulations!!!
Salvete...*Walks in quietly*

*Opens up another bottle of bubbly and sprays it over everyone here*
Enjoy your honeymoon, guys <3

Valete,
Rachel (Lucia Aemilia Bucco)

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
<christer.edling@...> wrote:
>
> Salve Amice!
>
> Dear friend I wish You all the best when You marry today! I also
wish
> You and your bride wonderful wedding and a happy life!
> --
>
> Vale
>
> Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
>
> Senator, Censorius et Consularis
> Accensus GFBM
> Praeses, Triumvir et Praescriptor Academia Thules ad S.R.A. et N.
> Editor-in-Chief, Publisher and Owner of "Roman Times Quarterly"
> Sodalitas Egressus Beneficarius et Praefectus Provincia Thules
> Civis Romanus sum
> ************************************************
> Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
> "I'll either find a way or make one"
> ************************************************
> Dignitas, Iustitia, Fidelitas et Pietas
> Dignity, Justice, Loyalty and Dutifulness
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46549 From: Diana Octavia Aventina Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: new my space address
Salvete all,

My new myspace address is
http://www.myspace.com/dianaaventina

Hopefully myspace won't delete this one!

Valete,
Diana


__________________________________________________
Do You Yahoo!?
Tired of spam? Yahoo! Mail has the best spam protection around
http://mail.yahoo.com
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46550 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Gn. Equitius Marinus

We are of a like mind.

Information is being gathered on holding a Roman gathering around
the Ides of March in Las Vegas Nevada.
The event would be hosted by Caesar's Palace.
More detail will follow when they are available.

Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus




----- Original Message -----
From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus<mailto:gawne@...>
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com<mailto:Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com> ; newroman@yahoogroups.com<mailto:newroman@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Tuesday, October 24, 2006 12:02 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007


Salvete omnes,

Over in the newroman mailing list, new citizen C. Iulia Circuina and I
have been batting around ideas for a 3 day weekend convention to be held
somewhere in North America next spring.

Tempting though it is to just plan the whole thing and announce it
(which really avoids so much potential bickering), I've instead
concluded that the best way to approach this is to say that I think it's
high time we in North America do something comparable to the Conventus
in Europe, and that I think March would be a great time to do it.

So, what I'd like to know is:

1. Who'd be interested in attending, assuming it's happening at some
convention hotel in some US or Canadian city next March?

2. Who'd like to bid to have it in *their* city/state/province?

3. Who's willing to be part of the convention planning committee
(hereafter known as the ConCom)?

Let's get some feedback here in the mainlist for a few days, and then
I'll create a mailing list for planning this thing. I'll probably call
it NovaRomaCon if that name isn't taken.

What we do NOT want to do right now is jump ahead to planning specific
activities. That's what the ConCom is for. I'm sure that once they
exist they'll be soliciting ideas. I know I have many ideas to share
with them.

Valete,

Gn. Equitius Marinus




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46551 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Cato Equitio Marino sal.

Salve Censor.

Answers:

1. me!

2. me! (although I know NYC is fairly expensive compared to other cities)

3. me!

Vale bene,

Cato

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Gnaeus Equitius Marinus <gawne@...>
wrote:
>
> Salvete omnes,
>
> Over in the newroman mailing list, new citizen C. Iulia Circuina and I
> have been batting around ideas for a 3 day weekend convention to be
held
> somewhere in North America next spring.
>
> Tempting though it is to just plan the whole thing and announce it
> (which really avoids so much potential bickering), I've instead
> concluded that the best way to approach this is to say that I think
it's
> high time we in North America do something comparable to the Conventus
> in Europe, and that I think March would be a great time to do it.
>
> So, what I'd like to know is:
>
> 1. Who'd be interested in attending, assuming it's happening at some
> convention hotel in some US or Canadian city next March?
>
> 2. Who'd like to bid to have it in *their* city/state/province?
>
> 3. Who's willing to be part of the convention planning committee
> (hereafter known as the ConCom)?
>
> Let's get some feedback here in the mainlist for a few days, and then
> I'll create a mailing list for planning this thing. I'll probably call
> it NovaRomaCon if that name isn't taken.
>
> What we do NOT want to do right now is jump ahead to planning specific
> activities. That's what the ConCom is for. I'm sure that once they
> exist they'll be soliciting ideas. I know I have many ideas to share
> with them.
>
> Valete,
>
> Gn. Equitius Marinus
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46552 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: a.d. IX Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem IX Kalendas Novembris; haec dies comitialis est.

"After various opinions had been expressed, Annius spoke as follows:
"Although it was I who put the question to you as to what answer
should be given, I still think that it is of more importance to the
interests of the State to decide what must be done rather than what
must be said. When our plans are developed it will be easy enough to
fit words to facts. If even now we are capable of submitting to
servitude under the shadowy pretext of a treaty on equal terms, what
is to prevent us from deserting the Sidicines and receiving our orders
not only from the Romans but even from the Samnites, and giving as our
reply that we are ready to lay down our arms at the beck and call of
the Romans? But if your hearts are at last touched by any yearning for
independence; if a treaty, an alliance, an equality of rights really
exists; if we are at liberty to boast of the fact that the Romans are
of the same stock as ourselves, though once we were ashamed of it; if
our army, which when united with theirs doubles their strength, and
which the consuls will not dispense with when conducting wars which
concern them alone-if, I say, that army is really an army of their
allies, then why are we not on an equal footing in all respects? Why
is not one consul elected from the Latins? Those who possess half the
strength, do they possess half the government? This is not in itself
too much honour for us, seeing that we acknowledge Rome to be the head
of Latium, but we have made it appear so by our prolonged forbearance.

"But if ever you longed for an opportunity of taking your place in the
government and of making use of your liberty, now is the time; this is
the opportunity which has been given you by your own courage and the
goodness of the gods. You tried their patience by refusing to supply
troops. Who doubts that they were intensely irritated when we broke
through a custom more than two centuries old? Still they put up with
the annoyance. We waged war with the Paelignians on our own account;
they who before did not allow us the right to defend our own frontiers
did not intervene. They heard that the Sidicines were received into
our protection, that the Campanians had revolted from them to us, that
we were preparing an army to act against the Samnites with whom they
had a treaty, they never moved out of their City. What was this
extraordinary self-restraint due to but to a consciousness of our
strength and of theirs? I have it on good authority that when the
Samnites were laying their complaints about us they received a reply
from the Roman senate, from which it was quite evident that they
themselves do not now claim that Latium is under the authority of
Rome. Make your rights effective by insisting on what they are tacitly
conceding to you. If any one is afraid of saying this, I declare my
readiness to say it not only in the ears of the Roman people and their
senate but in the audience of Jupiter himself who dwells in the
Capitol, and to tell them that if they wish us to remain in alliance
with them they must accept one consul from us and half their senate."
His speech was followed by a universal shout of approval, and he was
empowered to do and to say whatever he deemed to be in furtherance of
the interests of the State of Latium and of his own honour." - Livy,
History of Rome 8.4


"The hardest fighting fell to the Third and Seventh Legions, and the
commander Antonius at the head of a picked auxiliary force pressed the
attack in this sector. Their grim rivalry in the offensive was too
much for the Vitellians, while the missiles hurled down on the
'tortoise' glanced harmlessly off. So in the end the defenders tipped
over the great gun itself upon the enemy beneath. For the moment this
made a gap, as it crushed the men on whom it fell. But it also took
with it in its fall the merlons and the upper part of the wall, and in
the same instant an adjacent tower succumbed to a hail of stones.
Here, while the men of the Seventh pressed the attack in close
formation, those of the Third managed to break a way through the gate
with their axes and swords. According to the unanimous testimony of
our authorities, the first to penetrate the camp was Gaius Volusius, a
private of the Third Legion. He climbed up to the wall, threw down any
men still attempting resistance, and waving and yelling to attract
attention, cried out 'The camp is ours'. His comrades, now that the
Vitellians were on the run and were jumping down from the wall, surged
through to join him. Heavy losses were inflicted on the enemy
throughout the open space between the camp and the fortifications of
Cremona

And now for the second time their eyes fell upon a battle setting
entirely new to them: lofty town-walls, towers of masonry, gates with
iron portcullises, a garrison flourishing its weapons and Cremona's
teeming populace, which was deeply attached to the Vitellian cause -
to say nothing of the large number of visitors from the rest of Italy
who had flocked to the fair regularly held at that time of year, their
numbers a help to the defence and their wealth an allurement to the
assailants. Antonius ordered torches to be produced and applied to the
most attractive suburban houses. The idea was that the loss of their
property might induce the Cremonese to change sides. Such buildings as
stood close to the walls and over-topped them he manned with his best
troops, who dislodged the first line of the defence with joists, tiles
and firebrands.

Some of the legionaries were already forming up for the 'tortoise' and
others discharging missiles and stones, when the morale of the
Vitellians gradually began to crack. The higher the rank, the less the
will to resist the inevitable. They feared that if Cremona too were
taken by storm, there would be no further question of quarter and the
conqueror's anger would fall entirely upon the tribunes and centurions
who were worth killing rather than upon the multitude who had nothing
to lose. But the ordinary soldier stood firm, for he cared nothing for
the future and thought himself relatively safe, because unknown.
Roaming through the streets or hidden in houses, these men refused to
ask for peace even when they had ceased to wage war. The camp
commandants took down the portraits of Vitellius and the indications
of his name. Caecina, who was still in confinement, was released from
his shackles and requested to plead for the Vitellians. He stood on
his dignity and refused, but they wore down his resistance with
tearful entreaties, presenting the degrading phenomenon of many fine
soldiers invoking the aid of a single traitor. Soon after, the white
flag was displayed prominently from the walls. Antonius signalled the
cease-fire, and the Vitellians brought out the standards and eagles.
These were followed by a dejected column of disarmed men with downcast
eyes. The victors had formed up to receive them, and at first jeered
and thrust at them with their weapons. But after a while, when the
beaten men faced their insults without flinching and impassively
endured everything, their tormentors remembered that this was the army
which, not long previously, had refrained from pressing home its
victory at Bedriacum. But when Caecina, distinguished by bordered toga
and lictors, thrust aside the throng and made his way forward in his
capacity as consul, the victors were in an uproar. They taunted him
with conceit and malevolence, never attractive vices, and treachery as
well. Antonius intervened, and giving him an escort sent him off to
Vespasian." - Tacitus, The Histories III.29-31

On this day in A.D. 69, the Second Battle of Cremona was fought. The
army of Vespasian was victorius over Vitellius, and they celebrated by
sacking nearby Cremona. This innocent city suffered a four day orgy of
murder and destruction.


ROMAN REPUBLICAN TERMS - IMPERIUM

In ancient Rome imperium could be used as a term indicating a
characteristic of a person - the measure of formal power they had.
This qualification could be used in a rather loose context (for
example poets used it, not necessarily writing about state officials),
but in the Roman society it was also a more formal concept of legal
authority. A man with imperium had in principle absolute authority to
apply the law within the scope of his magistracy or promagistracy, but
could be vetoed or overruled by a magistrate or promagistrate having
imperium maius or imperium maior (a higher degree of imperium) or, as
most republican magistratures were multiple (not quite collegial: each
could act on his own), by the equal power of his colleague, e.g. the
other Consul. Some modern scholars (e.g. A.H.M. Jones) have defined it
as "the power vested by the state in a person to do what they consider
to be in the best interests of the state".

Imperium was indicated in two prominent ways. A "curule" magistrate or
promagistrate carried an ivory baton surmounted by an eagle as his
personal symbol of office (cf. field marshal's baton). Any such
magistrate was also escorted by lictors bearing the fasces
(traditional symbols of imperium and authority); when outside the
pomerium, axes were added to the fasces to indicate an "imperial"
magistrate's power to enact capital punishment outside of Rome (the
axes were removed within the pomerium). The number of lictors in
attendance upon a magistrate was an overt indication of the degree of
imperium. When in the field, a curule magistrate possessing an
imperium greater or equal to praetorian imperium wore a sash ritually
knotted on the front of his cuirass. Further any man executing
imperium within his sphere of influence was entitled to the curule chair.

* Dictator - 24 lictors outside the Pomerium and 12 inside. Starting
from the dictatorate of Lucius Cornelius Sulla the latter rule was
ignored. Because the dictator could enact capital punishment within
Rome as well as without, his lictors did not remove the axes from
their fasces within the pomerium
* Consul - 12 lictors each
* Praetor - 6 lictors, 2 lictors within the Pomerium
* Master of the Horse (magister equitum, the Dictator's deputy) - 6
lictors
* Curule Aedile (aedilis curulis) - 2 lictors. Because a plebeian
aedile (aedilis plebis) did not own imperium, he was not escorted by
lictors

As can be seen, dictatorial imperium was superior to consular,
consular to praetorian, and praetorian to aedilician; there is some
historical dispute as to whether or not praetorian imperium was
superior to "equine-magisterial" imperium. A promagistrate, or a man
executing a curule office without actually holding that office, also
owned imperium in the same degree as the actual incumbents (i.e.,
proconsular imperium being more or less equal to consular imperium,
propraetorian imperium to praetorian) and was attended by an equal
number of lictors.

Certain extraordinary commissions, such as Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus's
famous command against the pirates, were invested with imperium maius,
meaning they outranked all other owners of imperium (in Pompey's case,
even the consuls) within their sphere of command (his being "ultimate
on the seas, and within 50 miles inland"). Imperium maius later became
a hallmark of the Roman Emperor.

Another techical use of the term in Roman law was for the power to
extend the law, beyond its mere interpretation, extending imperium
from formal legislators (under the ever-republican constitution:
popular assemblies, senate, magistrates, emperor and their delegates)
to the jurisprudence of jurisconsults.


Valete bene!

Cato




SOURCES

Livy, Tacitus, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46553 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Report of Senate Session & (roman law links)
Cato M. Hortensiae Maiori sal.

Salve Marca Hortensia.

<sigh>

If you hold an opinion, and claim that opinion to be based on
historical sources, is it too much to simply ask you to cite those
sources? Is this what you consider a "general attitude of entitlement"?

I specifically did *not* ask you to "teach" me anything; I asked for
your source material. A quote. From any ancient source. A
reasonable, "thoughtful" (to use your word) response. I want to know
why *you* support a claim that contradicts both an ancient source
*and* a modern scholarly work, both of which I have repeatedly quoted.

You keep holding forth that the proposed amendment is right and
historic and a "Very Good Thing", yet you offer nothing to support
this claim in the face of an historic source which says the opposite.

Don't quote Apollonius Cordus at me; I've shown why I think he is
wrong, and he can defend his interpretation (if he chooses to do so)
perfectly well on his own, when he has the time. I want *your*
reasoning and *your* source citations, since *you* insist that
everyone who disagrees with the proposed amendment is utterly blind
and wrong-headed.

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46554 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve!

I would be interested in:

Being a part of the convention planning committee. I have some background in meeting planning and I have access to people that do it every day, that would probably be willing to assist me.

Please add my name to that list!


Vale!

Di te mihi semper servent!
Marcus Traianus Valerius



----- Original Message ----
From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus <gawne@...>
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com; newroman@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Monday, October 23, 2006 11:02:50 PM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007

Salvete omnes,

Over in the newroman mailing list, new citizen C. Iulia Circuina and I
have been batting around ideas for a 3 day weekend convention to be held
somewhere in North America next spring.

Tempting though it is to just plan the whole thing and announce it
(which really avoids so much potential bickering), I've instead
concluded that the best way to approach this is to say that I think it's
high time we in North America do something comparable to the Conventus
in Europe, and that I think March would be a great time to do it.

So, what I'd like to know is:

1. Who'd be interested in attending, assuming it's happening at some
convention hotel in some US or Canadian city next March?

2. Who'd like to bid to have it in *their* city/state/province ?

3. Who's willing to be part of the convention planning committee
(hereafter known as the ConCom)?

Let's get some feedback here in the mainlist for a few days, and then
I'll create a mailing list for planning this thing. I'll probably call
it NovaRomaCon if that name isn't taken.

What we do NOT want to do right now is jump ahead to planning specific
activities. That's what the ConCom is for. I'm sure that once they
exist they'll be soliciting ideas. I know I have many ideas to share
with them.

Valete,

Gn. Equitius Marinus



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46555 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Pauline,

Please don't do this in secret and spring it on people as a fiat
accompli. If the people in California and Nevada want to bid, then let
them come forth and bid. But if they don't get buy in from everyone
else there'll be a lot of resentment.

Vale,

-- Marinus

Stephen Gallagher wrote:

> Salve Gn. Equitius Marinus
>
> We are of a like mind.
>
> Information is being gathered on holding a Roman gathering around
> the Ides of March in Las Vegas Nevada.
> The event would be hosted by Caesar's Palace.
> More detail will follow when they are available.
>
> Vale
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46556 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Cato,

Excellent! In the short term you can see about assembling some
information on room rates for a convention that will also be using the
function spaces of the hotel.

Vale,

-- Marinus

gequitiuscato wrote:

> Cato Equitio Marino sal.
>
> Salve Censor.
>
> Answers:
>
> 1. me!
>
> 2. me! (although I know NYC is fairly expensive compared to other cities)
>
> 3. me!
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46557 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Cato Equitio Marino sal.

Salve censor.

Certainly. The biggest question would be, of course, numbers. Hotels
will grant rates based upon the projected (and then guaranteed) number
of rooms for any given group. I imagine you will be directing that
conversation in the List set up for it.

Vale bene,

Cato

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Gnaeus Equitius Marinus <gawne@...>
wrote:
>
> Salve Cato,
>
> Excellent! In the short term you can see about assembling some
> information on room rates for a convention that will also be using the
> function spaces of the hotel.
>
> Vale,
>
> -- Marinus
>
> gequitiuscato wrote:
>
> > Cato Equitio Marino sal.
> >
> > Salve Censor.
> >
> > Answers:
> >
> > 1. me!
> >
> > 2. me! (although I know NYC is fairly expensive compared to other
cities)
> >
> > 3. me!
> >
> > Vale bene,
> >
> > Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46558 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve,
As Tiberius stated, great minds think alike and I took was looking
towards next year, so count my ties and my connections as tools for
the Republic. By the way, I work for Harrahs (who owns Caesars).

Marcus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46559 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Valeri,

You're in.

-- Marinus

Marcus Traianus Valerius wrote:

> Salve!
>
> I would be interested in:
>
> Being a part of the convention planning committee. I have some background in meeting planning and I have access to people that do it every day, that would probably be willing to assist me.
>
> Please add my name to that list!
>
>
> Vale!
>
> Di te mihi semper servent!
> Marcus Traianus Valerius
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46561 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Sejane,

Great! Are you actively working on a bid then?

Vale,

-- Marinus

legio_vi_tribunis wrote:

> Salve,
> As Tiberius stated, great minds think alike and I took was looking
> towards next year, so count my ties and my connections as tools for
> the Republic. By the way, I work for Harrahs (who owns Caesars).
>
> Marcus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46562 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Cato omnibus SPD

Salvete omnes.

LOL, sorry, we've got a Marcus Traianus and a Mracus Sejanus and I got
them confused :-)

Anyways, a very good friend of mine is the VP of Operations at The
Venetian; I don't know if we could use her help or not?

Valete bene,

Cato

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Gnaeus Equitius Marinus <gawne@...>
wrote:
>
> Salve Sejane,
>
> Great! Are you actively working on a bid then?
>
> Vale,
>
> -- Marinus
>
> legio_vi_tribunis wrote:
>
> > Salve,
> > As Tiberius stated, great minds think alike and I took was looking
> > towards next year, so count my ties and my connections as tools for
> > the Republic. By the way, I work for Harrahs (who owns Caesars).
> >
> > Marcus
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46563 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Cato,

Exactly. For now, if you can get us a listing of prices with
breakpoints (X for a convention of 20, Y for 30, Z for 40, etc...) it'd
help.

Vale,

-- M

gequitiuscato wrote:

> Cato Equitio Marino sal.
>
> Salve censor.
>
> Certainly. The biggest question would be, of course, numbers. Hotels
> will grant rates based upon the projected (and then guaranteed) number
> of rooms for any given group. I imagine you will be directing that
> conversation in the List set up for it.
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46564 From: Matt Hucke Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Colleague,

> Tempting though it is to just plan the whole thing and announce it
> (which really avoids so much potential bickering), I've instead
> concluded that the best way to approach this is to say that I think it's
> high time we in North America do something comparable to the Conventus
> in Europe, and that I think March would be a great time to do it.

As many here are students, a date should be chosen when such are free
for more than a two-day weekend.

> 1. Who'd be interested in attending, assuming it's happening at some
> convention hotel in some US or Canadian city next March?

I would likely attend, depending on exactly when it is held.

> 2. Who'd like to bid to have it in *their* city/state/province?

We should have various provinciae submit proposals; and rotate
the locations, such that it is not in the same province again until
at least 2-3 years have passed - and, preferably, not on the same
half of the continent (divided east-west) in any two consecutive
years.

As there is already Roman Days in the east, I think a central or
western location would be appropriate for the first Conventus.

> 3. Who's willing to be part of the convention planning committee
> (hereafter known as the ConCom)?

Yes, I'd like to be part of this. I have no hotel-contacting skills,
but I can certainly do anything web-related that the committee might
need.

Vale, Octavius.

--
Marcus Octavius Gracchus
octavius@... * http://www.graveyards.com

-"Apes don't read philosophy."
-"Yes they do, Otto, they just don't understand it! Let me correct
you on a few things: Aristotle was not Belgian. The central message of
Buddhism is not 'every man for himself'. And the London Underground is
not a political movement! Those are all mistakes. I looked them up."
-from "A Fish Called Wanda"
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46565 From: legio_vi_tribunis Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Marine,
Actually I am in the process of working on a full package for the
conclave, food, rooms, etc. This is also to coincide with the Roman
Historical Societies land aquisition, which Harrahs has raised an
eyebrow at as well. I am currently getting all the details on paper
so I can submit it up higher.

Marcus Sejanus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46566 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve colleague, et salvete omnes,

M. Octavius Gracchus wrote:
> As many here are students, a date should be chosen when such are free
> for more than a two-day weekend.

March is spring break and "March Madness" basketball season in the US.
Unfortunately not all colleges hold spring break at exactly the same time.
But we'll do the best we can. The European Conventus is always going to be
in August, and I'd like to have this thing at a time that's well away from
the one in Europe. We don't want to try doing it during Thanksgiving or
Christmas season, the MLK weekend in January is too prone to snowstorms, and
once April rolls around the reenactors are all going to be having encampments
until September or October.

> I would likely attend, depending on exactly when it is held.

Sure. That's a constraint we all face. I can come *if* the spacecraft
project permits.

> > 2. Who'd like to bid to have it in *their* city/state/province?
>
> We should have various provinciae submit proposals; and rotate
> the locations, such that it is not in the same province again until
> at least 2-3 years have passed - and, preferably, not on the same
> half of the continent (divided east-west) in any two consecutive
> years.

I agree, but let's wait to see what comes in. If nobody but Chicago and St.
Louis submit proposals, I don't want to say that one can't come right after
the other just because we demand geographic diversity. I'm really more
concerned that we won't get enough interest in hosting this than that we'll
get too much.

> As there is already Roman Days in the east, I think a central or
> western location would be appropriate for the first Conventus.

Again, let's see who bids. What might you get us in Chicago?

> > 3. Who's willing to be part of the convention planning committee
> > (hereafter known as the ConCom)?
>
> Yes, I'd like to be part of this. I have no hotel-contacting skills,
> but I can certainly do anything web-related that the committee might
> need.

Oh, they'll certainly want a website. I've no doubt of that.

Vale,

-- Marinus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46567 From: drumax Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
I cant commit to attend until I know where and when it will be, I have printing, banners, invites, and posters covered if you need anything like that (regardless of if I attend or not)

Appius Claudius Drusus

On Tue, 24 Oct 2006 09:24:53 -0400, Gnaeus Equitius Marinus wrote
> Salve Cato,
>
> Excellent! In the short term you can see about assembling some
> information on room rates for a convention that will also be using the
> function spaces of the hotel.
>
> Vale,
>
> -- Marinus
>
> gequitiuscato wrote:
>
> > Cato Equitio Marino sal.
> >
> > Salve Censor.
> >
> > Answers:
> >
> > 1. me!
> >
> > 2. me! (although I know NYC is fairly expensive compared to other cities)
> >
> > 3. me!
> >
> > Vale bene,
> >
> > Cato
>
>




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46568 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: NovaRomaCon mailing list created
Salvete omnes,

I've created a mailing list for convention planning. It's
NovaRomaCon@yahoogroups.com. To join, send a blank e-mail to
NovaRomaCon-subscribe@yahoogroups.com (that's NovaRomaCon at yahoogroups dot
com) for those of you who can't see the address because of Yahoo's address
blocking.

I invite everyone interested in planning the convention to come on over.
Curious lurkers welcome.

Valete,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46569 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Salve Gnae Caesar

Pontifex Astur consulted with me as well as with others when he first
began to draft his proposals. The term ius auspicium was one thing I
discussed with him, so perhaps I can answer your question.

Ius auspicium refers to the proper manner of conducting a ritual of
taking the auspices. And by proper manner here what is meant is that
the auspices should be taken in a manner that is nearly as can
possibly be reconstructed how the Romans performed the ritual. This
is important because in the books of the augures, in auguralibus
libris, traditional lands were grouped into five categories with
reference to how auspices were taken. Latins were Latins because
they used the same methods as did Romans, as opposed to how
Etruscans, or Gauls, or Greeks took the auspices.

Currently augures are left on their own to perform their duties in
any manner they see fit as individuals. Also no instruction is given
to everyone else on how they might perform auspicia. And magistrates
do not currently perform auspicia, but have the augures perform them
instead, which is actually contrary to ancient practices. The point
of including this provision in the proposed reform measure is to make
the Collegium Augurum responsible for:

1. Developing a ius auspicium; that is a written guideline on how the
ritual of "taking auspices" is to be performed, where it is to be
performed (in other words how to erect a proper templum), and who is
to perform auspicia under what circumstances.

2. The Collegium Augurum is to become the main facility for teaching
on Roman augury. Everyone can perform auspicia, and should be
performing auspicia, in order to conduct their private rituals
correctly. There are certain prescriptions in performing an auspicia
that actually define the proper manner of conducting a Roman ritual.
So this is something important to teach all practitioners of the
religio Romana.

3. The Collegium Augurum will have to assist magistrates in their
taking of auspices. Properly speaking, augures should not be taking
public auspices on behalf of magistrates. There is an augurium
publica that augures do take annually, but that is something separate
from taking auspicia prior to convening a comitia or other functions
that magistrates perform. Augures are to assist magistrates, not
take their place. So ius augurium also refers to the Collegium
Augurum outlining how magistrates are to perform the auspicia public
that they are to perform, and what roles the augures will have in
assisting magistrates.

The reform looks to defining the role that augures and the Collegium
Augurum would have in developing the religio Romana in this important
area of the auspicia. It does not alter the intended role that was
originally conceived for them to perform. That role is essentially
to be an instructional role. The Augures would be required to
produce a manual on auspicia. They would also have to produce annual
records of their decisions on auspicia so that over time they would
build a public record. Ius auspicium does not refer to giving
augures any legislative authority, or of imposing augural authority
over any other facets of Nova Roma. They are to encourage proper use
of auspicia. They are to be authorities on Roman augury and persuade
indivduals to use proper methods of conducting auspicia whenever
possible.

Vale et vade in pace Deorum
M Moravius Piscinus



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Gnaeus Iulius Caesar"
<gn_iulius_caesar@...> wrote:
>
> Salvete omnes.
>
> Would someone who is responsible for this proposal, or someone who
> supports it and feels competent to do so, care to comment on the
> definition of "jus auspicium", as it is used in respect of Section
> IV.D.2.d?
>
> I am aware of what it was in antiquity, but I would like
clarification
> of how it is defined for the purpose of this proposed section of
the
> Constitution, and how a magistrate is deemed to possess it.
>
> With thanks, in anticipation of an answer.
>
> Valete
> Cn. Iulius Caesar
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46570 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Appius Claudius Drusus <drumax@...> writes:

> I cant commit to attend until I know where and when it will be, I have
> printing, banners, invites, and posters covered if you need anything like
> that (regardless of if I attend or not)

Great!

I think that at this point nobody can make a firm commitment simply because we
don't know the specifics of where and when this will be. I certainly *hope*
to be there, but even so, we'll have to know more before any of us can say
for sure.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46571 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Sejane,

Marcus Sejanus <marcus.sejanus@...> writes:

> Salve Marine,
> Actually I am in the process of working on a full package for the
> conclave, food, rooms, etc. This is also to coincide with the Roman
> Historical Societies land aquisition, which Harrahs has raised an
> eyebrow at as well. I am currently getting all the details on paper
> so I can submit it up higher.

"Up higher" as in the Harrahs' establishment? Or in Nova Roma?

In either case, I commend you for your effort, but I'll caution you to not
proceed on the assumption that Las Vegas has the con. Nobody's even seen the
bids yet.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46572 From: Matt Hucke Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve colleague,

> March is spring break and "March Madness" basketball season in the US.
> Unfortunately not all colleges hold spring break at exactly the same time.
> But we'll do the best we can. The European Conventus is always going to be
> in August, and I'd like to have this thing at a time that's well away from
> the one in Europe.

Good point; it shouldn't be near this, or Roman Days. March is probably as
good a time as any then.

> Sure. That's a constraint we all face. I can come *if* the spacecraft
> project permits.

Heh... I thought you were making a joke there, but then remembered - you
really *are* a rocket scientist...

> I agree, but let's wait to see what comes in. If nobody but Chicago and St.
> Louis submit proposals, I don't want to say that one can't come right after
> the other just because we demand geographic diversity.

We'll make diversity the recommendation, and in subsequent years strongly
urge another location. Too many gatherings in the same place may discourage
repeat attendance of those from afar.

> > As there is already Roman Days in the east, I think a central or
> > western location would be appropriate for the first Conventus.
>
> Again, let's see who bids. What might you get us in Chicago?

Nothing; I don't have time to be principal organizer. I'll join the
St. Louis team instead.

Vale, Octavius.

--
Marcus Octavius Gracchus
octavius@... * http://www.graveyards.com

-"Apes don't read philosophy."
-"Yes they do, Otto, they just don't understand it! Let me correct
you on a few things: Aristotle was not Belgian. The central message of
Buddhism is not 'every man for himself'. And the London Underground is
not a political movement! Those are all mistakes. I looked them up."
-from "A Fish Called Wanda"
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46573 From: dicconf Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
On Tue, 24 Oct 2006, Gnaeus Equitius Marinus wrote:

> Salve Pauline,
>
> Please don't do this in secret and spring it on people as a fiat
> accompli. If the people in California and Nevada want to bid, then let
> them come forth and bid. But if they don't get buy in from everyone
> else there'll be a lot of resentment.

But at present there is no generally agreed-on method for choosing between
competitive bids. Why not follow the pattern many other moving
conventions -- that is, conventions that are held in a different place
each time -- many of these follow: let the groups who want to host a
convention the following year present their proposals at the current
convention, and to prevent the host group from having an unjust advantage
(since obviously the convention will have attracted a number for whom the
trip is relatively easy and thus have "loaded" the votes in their favor)
let no group host the convention two years running?

Perhaps if this develops into a regular annual event we could think of
having a regular geographic rotation scheme, but it would be premature to
decide on such a thing until we see how the first convention works out.

-- Publius Livius Triarius
WWDD? What would Diana do?
Call you "deer", if you're not careful
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46574 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
dicconf <dicconf@...> writes:

> Why not follow the pattern many other moving
> conventions -- that is, conventions that are held in a different place
> each time -- many of these follow: let the groups who want to host a
> convention the following year present their proposals at the current
> convention, and to prevent the host group from having an unjust advantage
> (since obviously the convention will have attracted a number for whom the
> trip is relatively easy and thus have "loaded" the votes in their favor)
> let no group host the convention two years running?

Excellent idea. We just need to get things going with the first one.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46575 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Cato M. Moravio Piscino quiritibusque SPD

Salve Moravius Piscinus et salvete omnes.

While we're on this note, I'd like to ask about the addition of the
phrase:

"and to perform the public religious rites and ceremonies established
by the law."

to the lex Constitutiva if this amendment passes.

In effect, if this proposal passes, then all magistrates who have
imperium would be *required by the law* to take auspices - and to
perform any other rites or ceremonies which might be passed into law.
In other words, magistrates would be required to practice whatever
parts of the Religio the law might demand - including, if it were
passed into law, the ritual sacrifice of animals to the Dii Immortales.

This contradicts the wording of the current lex Constitutiva where it
says:

"Magistrates, Senators, and citizens need not be practitioners of the
Religio Romana..."

to which this proposal disingenuously adds "in their private lives" -
disingenuous because if the law *requires* a magistrate to perform a
religious act, you are effectively *requiring* them to practice the
Religio - and, of course, might pose a severe barrier to devout
Christians, Jews, or Muslims from participating in the magisterial
life of the Republic. Was this considered? Moravius Piscinus, would
you find the loss of the Christians from magistracies within the
Republic an acceptable one - a regrettable but unfortunately necessary
casualty of the desire to promote the Religio?

Candidates for consul and censor, I ask you the same question: do you
see the effectual barring of devout Christians, Jews, or Muslims from
magistracies in the Republic as acceptable?

Valete,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46576 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
Salve Cato;

On 10/24/06, gequitiuscato wrote:
>
> Cato Equitio Marino sal.
>
> Salve Censor.
>
> Answers:
>
> 1. me!
>
> 2. me! (although I know NYC is fairly expensive
> compared to other cities)

V: There's always Yonkers !-)

>
> 3. me!
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>

In amicus - Venii
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46577 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
>
> Oh, they'll certainly want a website. I've no doubt of that.
>
> Vale,
>
> -- Marinus
>

M. Lucretius Agricola Cn. Equitio Marino sal

The most recent Conventus in Europa used a page on the wiki to great
success. A copy of it was even preserved as a model to use for future
events.

optime vale!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46578 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-24
Subject: Re: North American Nova Roma convention -- March 2007
M. Hortensia M Octavio Graccho omnibusque spd;
Octavi, I just finshied planning a retreat for members spread
evenly over the U.S & I have two practical points to make,
The airfares to main East Coast/West Coast hubs are much
cheaper than say the airfare to a less populus hub. So the $ airline
fiare should be a big consideration in who may attend, especially
students with limited incomes.
Season also has an effect on air prices. It turned out that
for the retreat, it was cheaper to go to LA & Hawaii than let's say
Indiana. Additionally members were happy to save to go to a retreat
where afterwards they could vacation. So we had more participants if
the destination was LA & Hawaii than Raleigh, NC.
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior
>
> >
> We should have various provinciae submit proposals; and rotate
> the locations, such that it is not in the same province again until
> at least 2-3 years have passed - and, preferably, not on the same
> half of the continent (divided east-west) in any two consecutive
> years.
>
>
>
> Vale, Octavius.
>
> -from "A Fish Called Wanda"
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46579 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-25
Subject: a.d. VIII Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem VIII Kalendas Novembris; haec dies comitialis est.

"On their arrival in Rome, the senate assembled in the Capitol and
granted them an audience. T. Manlius, the consul, acting on the
instructions of the senate, recommended them not to make war upon the
Samnites, with whom the Romans had a treaty, on which Annius, as
though he were a conquerer who had captured the Capitol by arms
instead of an ambassador protected by the law of nations, said: "It is
about time, Titus Manlius and senators, that you gave up treating us
as though you were our suzerains, when you see the State of Latium
raised by the bounty of the gods to a most flourishing position, both
in population and in military power, the Samnites defeated, the
Sidicines and Campanians in alliance with us, even the Volscians now
making common cause with us, whilst your own colonies actually prefer
the government of Latium to that of Rome. But since you cannot bring
your minds to abandon your impudent claims to sovereignty, we will go
so far, in recognising that we are kindred nations, as to offer peace
upon the conditions of equal rights for both, since it has pleased the
gods to grant equal strength to both; though we are quite able to
assert the independence of Latium by force of arms. One consul must be
elected from Rome, the other from Latium; the senate must contain an
equal number of members from both nations; there must be one nation,
one republic. And in order that there may be one seat of government
and one name for all, since one side or the other must make some
concession, let us, if this City really takes precedence, be all
called Romans."

It so happened that the Romans had in their consul T. Manlius, a man
who was quite as proud and passionate as Annius. He was so enraged as
to declare that if the senate were visited by such madness as to
accept these conditions from a man from Setia, he would come with his
sword drawn into the Senate-house and kill every Latin he found there.
Then turning to the image of Jupiter, he exclaimed: "Hear, O Jupiter,
these abominable words! Hear them, O Justice and Right! Thou, Jupiter,
as though thou hadst been conquered and made captive, art to see in
thy temple foreign consuls and a foreign senate! Were these the terms
of the treaty, Latins, which Tullus, the King of Rome, made with your
fathers of Alba, or which L. Tarquin made with you afterwards? Have
you forgotten the battle at Lake Regillus? Are you so utterly
oblivious of your defeats in the old days and of our kindness towards
you?" This outburst was followed by the indignant protest of the
senate, and it is recorded that whilst on all hands appeals were being
made to the gods, whom the consuls were continually invoking as the
guardians of treaties, the voice of Annius was heard pouring contempt
upon the divine majesty of the Jupiter of Rome. At all events when, in
a storm of passion he was flinging himself out of the vestibule of the
temple, he slipped down the steps and struck his head so heavily
against the bottom step that he became unconscious. The authorities
are not agreed as to whether he was actually killed, and I leave the
question undecided, as also the statement that during the appeals to
the gods to avenge the breach of treaties, a storm burst from the sky
with a terrific roar; for they may either be true or simply invented
as an appropriate representation of the wrath of the gods. Torquatus
was sent by the senate to conduct the envoys away and when he saw
Annius lying on the ground he exclaimed, loud enough to be heard by
the senators and populace alike: 'It is well. The gods have commenced
a just and righteous war! There is a divine power at work; thou, O
Great Jupiter, art here! Not in vain have we consecrated this to be
shine abode, O Father of gods and men! Why do you hesitate, Quirites,
and you, senators, to take up arms when the gods are your leaders? I
will lay the legions of the Latins low, just as you see their envoy
lying here." The consul's words were received by the people with loud
applause and raised them to such a pitch of excitement that when the
envoys took their departure they owed their safety more to the care of
the magistrates who, on the consul's order, accompanied them to
protect them from the attacks of the angry people than to any respect
felt for the law of nations.

War having been decided upon by senate as much as people, the consuls
enrolled two armies and proceeded through the territories of the Marsi
and Paeligni, where they were joined by an army of Samnites. They
fixed their camp at Capua, where the Latins and their allies had
assembled. It is said that whilst they were there each consul had the
same vision in the quiet of the night. A Form greater and more awful
than any human form appeared to them and announced that the commander
of the one army and the army itself on the other side were destined as
a sacrifice to the Dii Manes and to Mother Earth. In whichever army
the commander should have devoted the legions of his enemies and
himself as well to those deities, that army, that people would have
the victory. When the consuls compared these visions of the night
together, they decided that victims should be slain to avert the wrath
of the gods, and further, that if, on inspection, they should portend
the same as the vision had announced, one of the two consuls should
fulfil his destiny. When the answers of the soothsayers after they had
inspected the victims, proved to correspond with their own secret
belief in the vision, they called up the superior officers and told
them to explain publicly to the soldiers what the gods had decreed, in
order that the voluntary death of a consul might not create a panic in
the army. They arranged with each other that when either division
began to give way, the consul in command of it should devote himself
on behalf of the Roman people and the Quirites." The council of war
also decided that if ever any war had been conducted with the strict
enforcement of orders, on this occasion certainly, military discipline
should be brought back to the ancient standard. Their anxiety was
increased by the fact that it was against the Latins that they had to
fight, a people resembling them in language, manners, arms, and
especially in their military organisation. They had been colleagues
and comrades, as soldiers, centurions, and tribunes, often stationed
together in the same posts and side by side in the same maniples. That
this might not prove a source of error and confusion, orders were
given that no one was to leave his post to fight with the enemy." -
Livy, History of Rome 8.5


"Sing, clear-voiced Muse, of Castor and Polydeuces, the Tyndaridae,
who sprang from Olympian Zeus. Beneath the heights fo Taygetus stately
Leda bare them, when the dark-clouded Son of Cronos had privily bent
her to his will." - Homer, Hymn to The Dioscuri XVIII.2.1-4

"Bright-eyed Muses, tell of the Tyndaridae, the Sons of Zeus, glorious
children of neat-ankled Leda, Castor the tamer of horses, and
blameless Polydeuces. When Leda had lain with the dark-clouded Son of
Cronos, she bare them beneath the peak of the great hill Taygetus, --
children who are delivers of men on earth and of swift-going ships
when stormy gales rage over the ruthless sea. Then the shipmen call
upon the sons of great Zeus with vows of white lambs, going to the
forepart of the prow; but the strong wind and the waves of the sea lay
the ship under water, until suddenly these two are seen darting
through the air on tawny wings. Forthwith they allay the blasts of the
cruel winds and still the waves upon the surface of the white sea:
fair signs are they and deliverance from toil. And when the shipmen
see them they are glad and have rest from their pain and labour." -
Homer, Hymn to the Dioscuri XXXIII.2.1-17

"According to tradition, Kastor and Polydeukes, who were also known as
the Dioskouroi, far surpassed all other men in valour and gained the
greatest distinction in the campaign in which they took part with the
Argonauts; and they have come to the aid of many who have stood in
need of succour. And, speaking generally, their manly spirits and
skill as generals, and their justice and piety as well, have won them
fame among practically all men, since they make their appearance as
helpers of those who fall into unexpected perils (that is, they appear
to mariners in storms). Moreover, because of their exceptional valour
they have been judged to be sons of Zeus, and when they departed from
among mankind they attained to immortal honours." - Diodorus Siculus,
Library of History VI.6

"Human experience moreover and general custom have made it a practise
to confer the deification of renown and gratitude upon distinguished
benefactors. This is the origin of Hercules, of Castor and Pollux, of
Aesculapius ... And these benefactors were duly deemed divine, as
being both supremely good and immortal, because their souls survived
and enjoyed eternal life." - Cicero, De Natura Deorum 2.24

" `Tell me the cause of this star sign.' The god's eloquent lips
supplied the cause: `The Tyndarid brothers, the horseman and the
boxer, had raped and kidnapped Phoebe and her sister. Idas and his
brother go to war for their women, to whom they were betrothed by
Leucippus. Love drives one group to recover, one to refuse; the
identical cause makes each pair fight. The Oebalids could have outrun
their pursuers, but it seemed base to win on rapid flight. There is a
treeless place, a spot fit for battle. They took their stand there:
it's name Aphidna. Castor was stabbed in the chest by Lynceus' sword,
and hit the ground wounded and surprised. The avenger Pollux is there
and spears Lynceus where the neck joins and presses the shoulders.
Idas attacked and was barely routed by Jove's fire; but they deny the
lightning disarmed him. The sublime heaven already opened for you,
Pollux, when you said: `Hear my words, father. Divide between two the
heaven reserved for me. Half of the gift will exceed the whole.' He
spoke and ransomed his brother by rotating positions. Both stars
assist troubled ships." - Ovid, Fasti V.697



In ancient Greece, today was held in honor of the Heavenly Twins, the
Dioskouri, Castor and Pollux. The Disocuri were Castor and Polydeuces
(or Pollux), the twin sons of Leda and Zeus and the brothers of Helen
of Troy. Because Zeus came to Leda in the form of a swan, they are
sometimes presented as having been born from an egg. Pollux was a
formidable boxer, and Castor was a great horseman. Together, they were
the "Heavenly Twins," often associated with the constellation Gemini.
Four episodes from their careers are most notable:

1. After Theseus kidnapped their sister Helen and carried her off to
Aphidnae, Castor and Pollux rescued her; they also abducted Theseus'
mother, Aethra.
2. Later, the twins accompanied Jason on the Argo; during the voyage,
Pollux distinguished himself by killing the belligerent king Amycus,
who challenged him to a boxing match.
3. When Peleus attacked and laid waste to Iolcus, in revenge for the
evils done to him by its queen, Astydameia, the Dioscuri assisted him.
4. Castor and Pollux also abducted and married Phoebe and Hilaeira,
the daughters of Leucippus, who were betrothed to the sons of
Aphareus, Idas and Lynceus Castor was killed in the ensuing battle.

Later sources mentioned that Castor was the son of Leda and the mortal
Tyndareus, with whom she was married. This made Castor mortal and
Polydeuces immortal. When Castor died in the battle against the sons
of Aphareus, Polydeuces pleaded with his father Zeus that he and his
brother would not be separated. Zeus granted him that wish on the
condition that the two spend alternate days on Olympus (as gods) and
in Hades (as deceased mortals).

The cult of the Dioscuri was indigenous of Sparta but spread
throughout Greece and later to Italy. They were the protectors of
sailors and were regarded as beneficent deities. On the Peloponnesus
in particular they had many sanctuaries, among which in Sparta and
Mantinea. In Rome their temple was on the Forum Romanum. The
popular belief at Rome, from an early period, seems to have been that
the victory of the Romans at the Battle of Lake Regillus was decided
by supernatural agency. Castor and Pollux, it was said, had fought
armed and mounted, at the head of the legions of the commonwealth, and
had afterwards carried the news of the victory with incredible speed
to the city. The well in the Forum at which they had alighted was
pointed out. Near the well rose their ancient temple. A great festival
was kept to their honor on the Ides of Quintilis, supposed to be the
anniversary of the battle; and on that day sumptuous sacrifices were
offered to them at the public charge. One spot on the margin of Lake
Regillus was regarded during many ages with superstitious awe. A mark,
resembling in shape a horse's hoof, was discernible in the volcanic
rock; and this mark was believed to have been made by one of the
celestial chargers.

In iconography, they were portrayed as young heroes. The archaic art
portrays them in the nude, without beards or attributes, such as on a
metope from the treasury of the Siphnians (Delphi). Greek vases from
the sixth and fifth century B.C. they appear frequently as riders,
clad in a mantle of chiton, such as on an amphora by Execias (ca. 550
B.C.) at the Vatican Museum. A famous theme was the abduction of the
Leucippides, for example on a hydria by Meidias (ca. 400 B.C.). They
also frequently appear on Etruscan mirrors and coins and on Roman
sarcophagi. Well-known too are the four-meter tall statues in front of
the Quirinal in Rome.


Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Livy, Diodorus Siculi, Homer, Ovid, Theoi Project, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46580 From: Marcus Quirinus Sulla Date: 2006-10-25
Subject: Libri
Ho notato che, malgrado Roma antica sia ( ovviamente) al centro di
ogni dibattito o ricerca, i novaromani non dedicano
all'argomento "libri", siano storici, biografici o sull'urbanistica
repubblicana o imperiale, quasi nessuna attenzione.
La cosa è abbastanza singolare, perchè immagino che tutti si siano
formata la propria, sia pur piccola, sull'argomento.
Da parte mia provo a lanciare l'idea di un thread apposito sui
libri o pubblicazioni in genere dedicati all'argomento che tanto ci
appassiona.
Tutti i novaromani sono invitati a segnalare i testi che ritengono
meritevoli di segnalazione, magari con l'aggiunta di qualche riga di
commento.
Dò il via all'iniziativa proponendo un testo che sarà presentato
all'Auditorium nel corso del ciclo di incontri con nove grandi
studiosi ( di Roma, naturalmente),già segnalato da Perusianus.
Si tratta di " Imperium" di Robert Harris, sulla vita di Marco
Tullio Cicerone, ora anche nelle librerie italiane.( Mondadori, pagg.
355,euro 18,60).
Optime valete omnes.
Marcus Quirinus Sulla
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46581 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-25
Subject: Market day is live chat day
M. Lucretius Agricola Omnibus S.P.D.

It is market day, so today is chat day. Go to the Main Page
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Main_Page and follow the link for Market
Day Chat to learn more.

Optime valete
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46582 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
M Moravius Piscinus C Equito Catone et Quiritibus SPD:

Most recently, in the Senate, vir clarissimus Marcus Audens and I
gave lengthy posts on our respective religious perspectives. One
particular issue raised by Cato below was addressed in our discussion.

A concern of cultores Deorum and gentiles Romani is that in recent
years the prescriptions and rites of the religio Romana have more
often than not been ignored in Nova Roma. By no means does
responsibility for this negligence lie with Christian magistrates.
In point of fact, I have found some Christian magistrates to have
been the most supportive of the religio Romana in Nova Roma. You
asked directly and I will answer directly that I would find the loss
of Christians, Jews, and Muslims not only regrettable but unworkable
for Nova Roma, or for the religio Romana in Nova Roma. But I and
other cultores Deorum do want to see that the religious
responsibilites of magistrate are once more attended to. Where
responsibility does first lies, and what we mean by revitalizing the
religio Romana in Nova Roma, will come through active religious
institutions.

The first question of concern is for guidelines to be set out on what
are proper performance of the rites of the religio Romana.
Necessarily, as these are rites of the religio Romana, those
guidelines should be produced by the respective Quattor Summa
Collegia.

The second concern is that of non-practitioners of the religio Romana
and how they are to provide for proper rites as might become a
responsibility of their offices. It is not required that non-
practitioners participate in rites of the religio Romana. There is
also no provision in the religio Romana that would prohibit those who
follow other religious faiths from participating in the rites of the
religio Romana. The only real requirement here is that magistrates
provide for the rituals being properly conducted, not that they
actually participate in the rites. Again, because the rituals
concerned are those of the religio Romana, necessarily the guidelines
on how non-practitioners are to provide that proper rites are
conducted will have to come from the Quattor Summa Collegia.
However, what I suggested to Senator Audens in our discussions was
that due to the sensitivity of this issue, the Collegia should seek
the advice of the Senate in drafting such guidelines.

The proposed reforms require the Quattor Summa Collegia to begin work
on drafting guidelines and advising magistrates on what they are to
perform. So the reforms, as lengthy as they are, do not go into
great detail on some issues. The proposals are really only to
provide a framework in which the work of the religious institutions
is to be conducted. They state better than current wording in the
Constition what are the relationships that exist between the Collegia
with the magistrates and the Senate. The Collegia are to be
advisorary bodies, not legislative bodies. They have certain
adminstrative duties over their own members or any sacerdotes that
would fall under their authority. The proposals lay out how the
Collegia are to respond when a magistrate, the Senate, or an
individual seeks their advice. But there are also clear limits
placed on what the Collegia may do. The framwork itself and the
responsibilities and limitations of the various Collegia move closer
to their historical example.


My discussion with Senator Audens went into greater depth on our
respective religious views. I reminded the Senator of our earliest
encounter, back in May 2000 when I wrote to him:

"I feel that if one truly believes in a deity, a deity of any kind,
then it must truly be a humbling experience. How then could someone
who truly approaches their deity with humility do anything other than
question everything they have come to believe? Who more so than
Plato, in the Parmenides, critically examined Plato's system of
thought? And what are the wonderful poems of the mystic Jelaluddin
Rumi but an approach to his God Allah through a questioning of
himself? Reflected in the piety of such men I must always examine
myself. Did not your Jesus have a moment of doubt, and confront
himself in a garden before he resolved to meet his destiny? And to
whom did Arjuna speak in his moment of hesitation on the battlefield?
Or to whom did Socrates speak? Who is the Poimandres with whom
Trismegistis speaks? Having such examples presented to us, can we do
any less? And when it becomes our turn to lie upon our deathbed will
we have the confidence of Plotinus to say that that which is the
better part of ourselves shall return to whence it came? Like you I
examine my own beliefs by holding them up to the light I find in the
beliefs of others. The words of others and the sacred texts of many
different belief systems give me pause to think of my own beliefs."

In our latest exchange I also wrote:

"I would prefer that others recognize that the religio Romana is a
religious tradition in its own right and that it offers its own
spiritual path. As a Consul of Rome once wrote, "What does it matter
by which wisdom each of us arrives at truth? It is not possible that
only one road leads to so sublime a mystery (Symmacchus 'Relatio'
III,10)." I have always appreciated how you refer to the virtues
extolled in the religio Romana, seeing in them a complement to the
teachings of your own religious tradition. There is also to be
recommended to everyone, as Praetor Galerius had done in the past,
the wording of the joint Edict of Milan."

The expectation of that edict was that every Citizen, Christian and
cultor Deorum alike, would pray to their respective Gods for the
wellbeing of Rome. We might look at a passage in Livy:

Invenietis omnia prospera evenisse sequentibus Deos, adversa
spernentibus.

"You discover that all events turn out well when we follow the Gods
in obedience, and ill when we spurn Them (Livy 5.51.5-6)."

Although Livy was referring only to the Gods known by Romans in his
day, I would understand this passage to mean today all of the Gods
who are worshipped by the Citizens of Nova Roma. In my opinion this
is not simply a matter of tolerating and respecting one another's
religious faiths, as often times tolerance is itself a form of
intolerance. But mutually supporting one another in our respective
religious traditions will contribute to the much needed spiritual
wellbeing of our community.


Di Deaeque vos bene ament


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@...>
wrote:
>
> Cato M. Moravio Piscino quiritibusque SPD
>
> Salve Moravius Piscinus et salvete omnes.
>
> While we're on this note, I'd like to ask about the addition of the
> phrase:
>
> "and to perform the public religious rites and ceremonies
established
> by the law."
>
> to the lex Constitutiva if this amendment passes.
>
> In effect, if this proposal passes, then all magistrates who have
> imperium would be *required by the law* to take auspices - and to
> perform any other rites or ceremonies which might be passed into
law.
> In other words, magistrates would be required to practice whatever
> parts of the Religio the law might demand - including, if it were
> passed into law, the ritual sacrifice of animals to the Dii
Immortales.
>
> This contradicts the wording of the current lex Constitutiva where
it
> says:
>
> "Magistrates, Senators, and citizens need not be practitioners of
the
> Religio Romana..."
>
> to which this proposal disingenuously adds "in their private
lives" -
> disingenuous because if the law *requires* a magistrate to perform a
> religious act, you are effectively *requiring* them to practice the
> Religio - and, of course, might pose a severe barrier to devout
> Christians, Jews, or Muslims from participating in the magisterial
> life of the Republic. Was this considered? Moravius Piscinus,
would
> you find the loss of the Christians from magistracies within the
> Republic an acceptable one - a regrettable but unfortunately
necessary
> casualty of the desire to promote the Religio?
>
> Candidates for consul and censor, I ask you the same question: do
you
> see the effectual barring of devout Christians, Jews, or Muslims
from
> magistracies in the Republic as acceptable?
>
> Valete,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46583 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Caesar Piscino sal.

Clearly you believe that Magistrates using delegates to take his or
her own auspicium is an improper procedure. You said in the last
paragraph of a previous post to Cato:

"Before the Comitia Curiata can confer imperium on any curule
magistrate that magistrate has to take his or her own auspicium. That
formality is more often neglected today than followed, and in the
past Nova Roma has also allowed others to takes a magistrate's
auspicium for him, which is improper."

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/message/45067

The requirement of Section IV.D.2.d will prohibit Magistrates from
using a proxy to take the auspices. Magistrates who are followers of
a religious faith that forbids them from performing any rite
connected with pagan gods will be in a quandary. They are legally
required to take the auspices but forbidden by their faith from doing
so.

Some Christians may feel that they can interpret away such
prohibitions, others may not. For those Magistrates who feel they
cannot turn a blind eye to the injunctions of their faith against
such acts, they either have to break with their faith or break the
law of Nova Roma. The latter means that any comitia called without
the required auspices have been illegally convened.

Therefore such devout Christian citizens will be prevented from
standing for any office where taking of the auspices is required. Is
this not a significant change to the flexibility that was extended to
Christians before and for Christians a severe restriction on their
ability to participate in public office?

Although not personally affected by such a proposed change, I know a
number of Christians who would be. Section IV.D.2.d is good for the
Religio Romana, but bad for Christians in Nova Roma, no?


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "marcushoratius" <mhoratius@...>
wrote:
>
> M Moravius Piscinus C Equito Catone et Quiritibus SPD:
>
> Most recently, in the Senate, vir clarissimus Marcus Audens and I
> gave lengthy posts on our respective religious perspectives. One
> particular issue raised by Cato below was addressed in our
discussion.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46584 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: a.d. VII Kal. Nov.
OSD G. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem VII Kalendas Novembris; haec dies fastus est.


"Amongst the troop commanders, who had been sent out everywhere to
reconnoitre, there happened to be T. Manlius, the consul's son. He had
ridden out with his men by the enemy's camp and was hardly a
stone's-throw from their nearest post, where the Tusculan cavalry were
stationed, when Geminus Maecius, who was in command, a man of high
reputation amongst his own people, recognised the Roman cavalry and
the consul's son at their head, for they were all-especially the men
of distinction-known to each other. Accosting Manlius he said: "Are
you going to conduct the war against the Latins and their allies with
that single troop of yours? What will the consuls, what will their two
armies be doing in the meantime?" "They will be here in good time,
Manlius replied, "and so will Jupiter, the Great and Powerful, the
witness of your breach of faith. If we fought at Lake Regillus till
you had quite enough, certainly we shall succeed here also in
preventing you from finding too much pleasure in meeting us in
battle." In reply, Geminus rode forward a short distance and said:
"Are you willing, before the day comes when you are to set your armies
in motion for so great an effort, to have a meeting with me that the
result of our single combat may show how much a Latin horseman is
superior to a Roman?" Either urged on by anger or feeling ashamed to
decline the contest, or dragged on by the irresistible power of
destiny, the high-spirited youth forgot the consul's edict and the
obedience due to a father and rushed headlong into a contest in which
victory or defeat were alike fatal. The rest of the cavalry retired to
remain spectators of the fray; the two combatants selected a clear
space over which they charged each other at full gallop with levelled
spears. Manlius' lance passed above his adversary's helmet, Maecius'
across the neck of the other's horse. They wheeled their horses round,
and Manlius standing in his stirrups was the first to get in a second
stroke; he thrust his lance between the horse's ears. Feeling the
wound the horse reared, shook its head violently, and threw its rider
off. Whilst he was trying to rise after his heavy fall by supporting
himself with his lance and shield, Manlius drove his lance right
through his body and pinned him to the earth. After despoiling the
body he returned to his men, and amidst their exulting shouts entered
the camp and went straight to his father at the headquarters' tent,
not in the least realising the nature of his deed or its possible
consequences, whether praise or punishment. "That all may say, my
father," he said, "that I am a true scion of your blood, I bring to
you these equestrian spoils taken from a dead enemy who challenged me
to single combat." On hearing this the consul turned away from his son
and ordered the trumpet to sound the Assembly.

The soldiers mustered in large numbers and the consul began: "Since
you, T. Manlius, have shown no regard for either the authority of a
consul or the obedience due to a father, and in defiance of our edict
have left your post to fight against the enemy, and have done your
best to destroy the military discipline through which the Roman State
has stood till now unshaken, and have forced upon me the necessity of
forgetting either my duty to the republic or my duty to myself and my
children, it is better that we should suffer the consequences of our
offence ourselves than that the State should expiate our crime by
inflicting great injury upon itself. We shall be a melancholy example,
but one that will be profitable to the young men of the future. My
natural love of my children and that proof of courage which from a
false sense of honour you have given, move me to take your part, but
since either the consuls authority must be vindicated by your death or
for ever abrogated by letting you go unpunished, I would believe that
even you yourself, if there is a drop of my blood in your veins, will
not shrink from restoring by your punishment the military discipline
which has been weakened by your misconduct. Go, lictor, bind him to
the stake." All were paralysed by such a ruthless order; they felt as
if the axe was directed against each of them; fear rather than
discipline keep them motionless. For some moments they stood
transfixed in silence, then suddenly, when they saw the blood pouring
from his severed neck, their voices rose in unrestrained and angry
complaint; they spared neither laments nor curses. The body of the
youth covered with his spoils was cremated on a pyre erected outside
the rampart, with all the funeral honours that the soldiers' devotion
could pay. "Manlian orders" were not only regarded with horror for the
time, but were looked upon as setting a frightful precedent for the
future." - Livy, History of Rome 8.7



"When day came Sekhmet the terrible came also, licking her lips at the
thought of the men whom she would slay. She found the place flooded
and no living creature in sight; but she saw the beer which was the
colour of blood, and she thought it was blood indeed -- the blood of
those whom she had slain. Then she laughed with joy, and her laughter
was like the roar of a lioness hungry for the kill. Thinking that it
was indeed blood, she stooped and drank. Again and yet again she
drank, laughing with delight; and the strength of the beer mounted to
her brain, so that she could no longer slay. At last she came reeling
back to where Ra was waiting; that day she had not killed even a
single man. Then Ra said: 'You come in peace, sweet one.' And her name
was changed to Hathor, and her nature was changed also to the
sweetness of love and the strength of desire. And henceforth Hathor
laid low men and women only with the great power of love. But for ever
after her priestesses drank in her honour of the beer of Heliopolis
coloured with the red ochre of Elephantine when they celebrated her
festival each New Year." - from "The Destruction of Mankind",
inscribed on the tomb of Tutankhamen


In ancient Egypt, today was held in honor of the goddess Hathor.
Hathor was a pre-Dynastic goddess who gained enormous popularity early
on. Her name is translated as "the House of Horus", which may be a
reference to her as the embodiment of the sky in her role of the
Celestial Cow, being that which surrounds the decidedly sky-oriented
hawk-deity, Horus, when he takes wing. If Horus was the god associated
with the living king, Hathor was the god associated with the living
queen. In earlier periods she was most often depicted as a full cow
with the sundisk between her horns or as a slender woman wearing the
horns-and-a-sundisk headdress (which may or may not have a uraeus upon
it). She was also shown as a hippopotamus, a falcon, a cobra, or a
lioness, however these were not as frequent as the woman or the cow.
While there are some depictions of Hathor as a woman with a cow's
head, this is mainly found only in the later periods.

Hathor's symbology included such items as sistra (a type of rattle),
the horns-and-sundisk headdress (in much later times incorporated into
the attire of Isis), the menat (a type of ritual necklace that may
have been used for percussive music), and mirrors. Many ancient
mirrors and sistra decorated with smiling, often nude Hathors on them
have been uncovered over the years, and Hathor's visage (with cow
ears) commonly appeared at the top of stone columns in Egyptian
temples, many of which can still be seen today. Her cult flourished in
Ta-Netjer ("Land of God" -- modern day Dendera) in Upper Egypt and her
priests included both men and women, many of whom were dancers,
singers, or musicians as the arts fell under Hathor's domain. Priests
of Hathor were also oracles and midwives, and people could go to some
temples of Hathor to have their dreams interpreted by her priests.
Hathor's protection was invoked over children and pregnant women.

Hathor, as the Eye of Ra, "becomes" Sakhmet in the story "The
Destruction of Mankind". Engraved into one of the shrines of
Tutankhamen's tomb, the story tells how Hathor, at the request of her
father (Ra), turns into Sakhmet in order to punish humans for
transgressing against him. When she nearly wipes out all of humanity,
Ra tries to stop her and, failing in that, contrives to get her drunk,
whereupon she immediately forgets what it was she was doing and goes
back to being Hathor. Hathor also appears as a minor character in "The
Contendings of Horus and Seth". Her father (Ra) falls into a black
mood so Hathor sets forth to cheer him up. Removing her clothing, she
dances around his throne until he smiles again.

An additional myth, sometimes called "The Distant Goddess", tells of
how Hathor became angry with Ra and wandered away from Egypt. Great
sadness falls over the land and Ra, lost without his Eye, decides to
fetch her back. However, Hathor has now become a deadly wild cat who
destroys all that approaches her, and so no man or god will volunteer
to go get her. Thoth eventually agrees to lure her back and, dressed
in disguise, manages to coax the angry goddess to return to Egypt by
telling her stories. Back in her homeland, she bathes in the Nile and
once again settles into her normally gentle demeanor, but not before
the waters turn red from the effort of cooling her rage. In some
versions of this story it is Tefnut, not Hathor, who wanders away from
Egypt, and Shu, not Thoth, who brings her back.

Hathor is associated with numerous other Egyptian goddesses. Her
connections with Bastet helped to "soften up" that deity's visage, and
as discussed previously Hathor was the other side of the Sakhmet coin.
Hathor also seems to have absorbed many of the properties of Bat
(another pre-Dynastic cow goddess), who is depicted at the top of the
famous Narmer palette overseeing the events detailed therein.

Hathor is also known as the "Lady to the Limit" ("limit" meaning the
edges of the known universe) and the "Lady of the West"; her image is
sometimes seen on funerary depiction as she stands behind Osiris,
welcoming the dead to their new home. Other titles of Hathor include
the "Divine (or Celestial) Cow", "Mistress of Heaven", and "Lady of
Gold", the last two of which were sometimes attributed to the queens
of ancient Egypt. Hathor was also known as the "Lady of Greenstone and
Malachite" due to her being regarded as a goddess of the desert
fringes where such mines existed.

The Greeks called Hathor by the name of their goddess, Aphrodite. In
the very late stages of Egyptian religion (over two millennia after
Hathor had first appeared) she became almost totally absorbed into
Isis (who acquired, aside from Hathor's headdress, the sistrum as
well), resulting in frequent mistaken identity between the two. There
are, however, subtle differences. When Isis is shown with the horns
she is also (usually) shown with either the vulture headdress (which
was associated with Mut, a goddess of Thebes), winged, or wearing a
multi-colored feathered dress. There are of course exceptions (such as
in the tomb of Horemheb), in which case knowledge of hieroglyphs is
necessary to discern which goddess is which.

At the temple of Nefertari at Abu Simbel, Nefertari is shown as Hathor
in many places, and Ramses II (the husband of Nefertari) is shown in
one sanctuary receiving milk from Hathor the cow. When a child was
born in Egypt, seven Hathors (somewhat like European fairy godmothers)
would appear to "speak with one mouth" and determine the child's fate.
Hathor's own child was Ihy, who was worshipped in Dendera with her and
Horus-Behdety. Like his mother, Ihy was a god of music and dancing,
and was always depicted as a child bearing a sistrum.


Valete bene!

Cato


SOURCES

Livy, Hathor (www.thekeep.org/~kunoichi/kunoichi/egypt/index.html)
and (http://www.pantheon.org/)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46585 From: G.-MINICIVS-AGRIPPA Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Vitruvii De Architectura
Salvete omnes:

I present a blog about Vitruvius:
VITRUVII DE ARCHITECTURA
This blog is about the ten books of architecture as written by Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa in the first century BC, during the reign of the Roman emperor Augustus.

http://vitruviidearchitectura.blogspot.com/

Communication published in “XI International Congress of Architectonic Graphical Expression” May 2006 Seville, Spain.

Valete
G. Minicius Agrippa
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46586 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Valetudo quod fortuna;

On 10/26/06, Gnaeus Iulius Caesar wrote:
>
> Caesar Piscino sal.
>
> [excision]
>
> The requirement of Section IV.D.2.d will prohibit Magistrates
> from using a proxy to take the auspices. Magistrates who are
> followers of a religious faith that forbids them from
> performing any rite connected with pagan gods will be in a
> quandary. They are legally required to take the auspices but
> forbidden by their faith from doing so.
>

Could we not, in the interests of justice, have an exception for those
who can not, due to religious scruple, perform their own auspices?

I am not a follower of the Cultus Deorum, but rather, the Religio
Septentrionalis. Taking auspices (rune casting, looking for omens,
Utsita [meditative trance looking for Godly inspiration], and so
forth) is a part of my faithway.

So, I would have no problem seeking Auspices.

On the other hand, I have friends and acquaintences here in the new
city who would, due to the dictates of their faithful conscience.

These are men and women of great abilty. It would be a shame to lose
what they could bring to better governance within our republic.

a couple as

In amicus sub fidelis - Venator
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46587 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
M. Hortensia omnibus spd;
I'm confused why would taking an auspicy differ to
reading or taking a horoscope, performing yoga or T'ai Ch'i? ? So
why would a Christian object, say more than an atheist or agnostic
or Epicurean or Peripatetic? And we have many followers of the last
4 in Nova Roma. The point is to reform the Constitution to resemble
Republican Rome; surely a laudable aim.
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior


> Could we not, in the interests of justice, have an exception for
those
> who can not, due to religious scruple, perform their own auspices?
>
> I am not a follower of the Cultus Deorum, but rather, the Religio
> Septentrionalis. Taking auspices (rune casting, looking for omens,
> Utsita [meditative trance looking for Godly inspiration], and so
> forth) is a part of my faithway.
>
> So, I would have no problem seeking Auspices.
>
> On the other hand, I have friends and acquaintences here in the new
> city who would, due to the dictates of their faithful conscience.
>
> These are men and women of great abilty. It would be a shame to
lose
> what they could bring to better governance within our republic.
>
> a couple as
>
> In amicus sub fidelis - Venator
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46588 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Salve Maior

My understanding is that some Christians (and members of other
faiths) may have a relaxed enough attitude to circumvent the
prohibitions on engaging in divination. This would be a personal
decision and not necessarily one based on approval from their
respective clerics. Others would not be able to particpate. For
example I know of Christians who firmly believe that the dictates of
their faith forbid them from participating in Tarot card reading, or
any other form of divination.

I think the point is that this appears to be a change to a procedure
which could quite easily result in a restriction on the ability of
devout citizens of other faiths from full participation in the
public offices of Nova Roma.

By including the proposed change in our constitution, the highest
legal authority in Nova Roma, in such black and white terms, it
doesn't look at face value as if there can be any exemptions
granted. If there are none available then clearly those citizens of
other faiths which do not condone divination will be faced with a
huge spiritual and doctrinal quandry.

Vale
Caesar

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia omnibus spd;
> I'm confused why would taking an auspicy differ to
> reading or taking a horoscope, performing yoga or T'ai Ch'i? ? So
> why would a Christian object, say more than an atheist or
agnostic
> or Epicurean or Peripatetic? And we have many followers of the
last
> 4 in Nova Roma. The point is to reform the Constitution to
resemble
> Republican Rome; surely a laudable aim.
> bene vale
> Marca Hortensia Maior
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46589 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Cato M. Hortensiae sal.

Salve Marca Hortensia.

The question is not one of why someone holds certain religious
beliefs; it is whether or not the Republic will begin to require
personal practice of the Religio from its magistrates. Why or how
someone interprets their religio privata is not my concern, or your
concern, or anyone's concern. It is the proposed actions of the State
in demanding adherence to a set of rites and ceremonies on a personal
level which is of great concern.

Vale,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46590 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Cato M. Moravio Piscino sal.

Salve Moravius Piscinus.

And thank you for the direct part of your reply. All the rest is
interesting and informative.

One thing I would point out though is that the concern lies in the
fact that the wording of these amendments very carefully and
completely closes off any possibility of the rites and ceremonies of
the religio being performed by anyone on anyone else's behalf. This
is potentially disastrous for Christians whose faith does not allow
the kind of synergistic approach you offer.

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46591 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
M. Hortensia Catoni sal;
well before Emperor Theodosius, who abolished the taking of
auspices as well as other things, there were Christians &
polytheists & followers of philosophies in the Imperial government.
I suggest you research if Christian magistrates took the auspices.
That seems most sensible as a reliable historical guide
to our behavior. Whether or not I believe in auspices as an atheist
etc.. I should behave in the most authentic Roman fashion as
possible. If atheists & Christians took auspices as part of being
magistrates we should do so too.
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior



> Cato M. Hortensiae sal.
>
> Salve Marca Hortensia.
>
> The question is not one of why someone holds certain religious
> beliefs; it is whether or not the Republic will begin to require
> personal practice of the Religio from its magistrates. Why or how
> someone interprets their religio privata is not my concern, or your
> concern, or anyone's concern. It is the proposed actions of the
State
> in demanding adherence to a set of rites and ceremonies on a
personal
> level which is of great concern.
>
> Vale,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46592 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Piscinus Caesari salutem:

What I think is that determination of what is proper or improper for
Nova Roma to follow in the taking of auspices should be determined by
the Collegium Augurum. I have addressed some questions from an
historical perspective on what had been followed in Roma antiqua.
Beyond the mos maiorum of Roma antiqua, to which we look for guidence
on some questions, there is also the mos maiorum that has been
evolving in Nova Roma since it was first founded. Tradition is never
fixed. It evolves as any living tradition must evolve. Nova Roma
has accomodated magistrates in the past, through the use of a proxy
to act auspex. Traditionally that is improper, as I wrote earlier.
However, I don't think we should turn our back now on what has been
an established practice for Nova Roma.

Speaking again from a traditional perspective, there are three
concerns of importance when taking auspicia - location, ritual
procedures, and then who is to perform the ritual procedures. I have
made some mention in the Collegium Pontificum on distinctions that
were traditionally made regarding location, and how this has posed
one problem in Nova Roma. I have discussed on a couple of lists the
traditionally proper way to erect a templum and auguraculum in which
to take auspicia. I have discussed this but not in as great detail
as will be needed. The how and where concern me most, because these
determine more what can be considered a valid auspicium. The 'who'
is a concern as well, but within the mos maiorum of Roma antiqua this
question evolved. You probably know that in Livy some patricians
tried to deny plebeians offices by claiming that plebeians could not
take auspices. That claim was never really true, and it was rejected
by the People. But there were at one time only patrician public
augures to assist magistrates, before that was changed in AUC 451.
When foreign born emperors came, they took the auspices. When
Christian emperors first came along, they took auspices on behalf of
Rome. It isn't just the traditions of the religio Romana that
changed over time. Our situation is not the same as it was in Rome
under the Republic or during the Empire. We have to make some
allowances for our own situation. Nova Roma did, more by default,
where I think some things need to be stipulated better. The proposed
reforms I think will provide us with a means to develop answers to
questions that are raised on the who, how, and where of taking
auspices, and provides that our own tradition will be recorded and
allowed to evolve over time. These are tough questions, to keep
within the traditions of the religio Romana as much as possible and
still allow for our own unique situation in Nova Roma. So as I said
earlier, I think that any guidlines should probably come from the
Collegium Augurum and Collegium Pontificum, with the advice of the
Senate on what is best for Nova Roma.

Vale optime
M Moravius Piscinus



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Gnaeus Iulius Caesar"
<gn_iulius_caesar@...> wrote:
>
> Caesar Piscino sal.
>
> Clearly you believe that Magistrates using delegates to take his or
> her own auspicium is an improper procedure. You said in the last
> paragraph of a previous post to Cato:
>
> "Before the Comitia Curiata can confer imperium on any curule
> magistrate that magistrate has to take his or her own auspicium.
That
> formality is more often neglected today than followed, and in the
> past Nova Roma has also allowed others to takes a magistrate's
> auspicium for him, which is improper."
>
> http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/message/45067
>
> The requirement of Section IV.D.2.d will prohibit Magistrates from
> using a proxy to take the auspices. Magistrates who are followers
of
> a religious faith that forbids them from performing any rite
> connected with pagan gods will be in a quandary. They are legally
> required to take the auspices but forbidden by their faith from
doing
> so.
>
> Some Christians may feel that they can interpret away such
> prohibitions, others may not. For those Magistrates who feel they
> cannot turn a blind eye to the injunctions of their faith against
> such acts, they either have to break with their faith or break the
> law of Nova Roma. The latter means that any comitia called without
> the required auspices have been illegally convened.
>
> Therefore such devout Christian citizens will be prevented from
> standing for any office where taking of the auspices is required.
Is
> this not a significant change to the flexibility that was extended
to
> Christians before and for Christians a severe restriction on their
> ability to participate in public office?
>
> Although not personally affected by such a proposed change, I know
a
> number of Christians who would be. Section IV.D.2.d is good for the
> Religio Romana, but bad for Christians in Nova Roma, no?
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "marcushoratius" <mhoratius@>
> wrote:
> >
> > M Moravius Piscinus C Equito Catone et Quiritibus SPD:
> >
> > Most recently, in the Senate, vir clarissimus Marcus Audens and I
> > gave lengthy posts on our respective religious perspectives. One
> > particular issue raised by Cato below was addressed in our
> discussion.
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46593 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Caesar Piscino sal

The only problem with referring it to the Collegium Augurum against
the backdrop of that section finding its way into the constitution
is that we will have elevated the matter to the highest level of
legal authority, leaving, as I read the section, no room for the
Collegium Augurum to interpret the requirements differently.
Basically this section would bind everyone, the Collegium included,
in quite black and white terms (for once!).


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "marcushoratius" <mhoratius@...>
wrote:
>
> Piscinus Caesari salutem:
>
> What I think is that determination of what is proper or improper
for
> Nova Roma to follow in the taking of auspices should be determined
by
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46594 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Nova Roma Chat
Salvete Omnes! Just one hour 'till Nova Roma chat (part 2) at
irc://irc.novaroma.org/NovaRoma

optime valete

Agricola
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46595 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Salve Cato

Well, as I said, coming from my own perspective your concern just
would not have occurred to me before. I see now how it would. I
will point out, however, that these are still only proposed reforms.
They were presented months ago in the Collegium Pontificum, in the
Senate and on the Main List, and it is most unfortunate that so
little attention and discussion was given to them back in April.
They have not yet been presented for a contio, at which time they can
be refined before a vote, and they could also be refined before a
contio is held.


Now that you have raised this concern I wonder how you would address
similar concerns of those whose religious traditions forbid them to
participate in any way with the practices of other faiths? If a
person's personal religious faith does not allow him in any way to
participate in the religious rites of other faiths, then would he
also feel unable to hold office as an Aedilis Curulis?

The Constitution states, at IV.A.4, that an Aedilis Curulis is "To
issue those edicta (edicts) necessary to see to the conduct of public
games and other festivals and gatherings, to ensure order at public
religious events."

Public games are religious events, put on for the Gods. They include
rites of the religio Romana. And of course "public religious events"
as are mentioned here refers to rites of the religio Romana. So you
are saying that certain Christians, of particular sects, would feel
shut out of ever becoming an Aedilis Curulis, and therefore also shut
out from advancing in the cursus honorum?

Also in Nova Roma law all magistrates must swear an oath of office.
Your own oath, as an example, in ML msg #41157 on 1 Jan. 2006, swore:

"As a magistrate of Nova Roma, I, C. Equitius Cato, swear
to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and
to pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private life."

Does the fact that Nova Roma requires all magistrates to take an oath
of office prevent those whose religious scruples prohibit them from
taking any oaths from holding office? Or since the specified oath of
office includes "to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome," wouldn't
the wording of this oath be prohibitive to some from taking office?
Or perhaps what we are doing by this oath is requiring people to
swear false oaths?

Vale optime
M Moravius Piscinus


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@...>
wrote:
>
> Cato M. Moravio Piscino sal.
>
> Salve Moravius Piscinus.
>
> And thank you for the direct part of your reply. All the rest is
> interesting and informative.
>
> One thing I would point out though is that the concern lies in the
> fact that the wording of these amendments very carefully and
> completely closes off any possibility of the rites and ceremonies of
> the religio being performed by anyone on anyone else's behalf. This
> is potentially disastrous for Christians whose faith does not allow
> the kind of synergistic approach you offer.
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46596 From: Gnaeus Iulius Caesar Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Caesar Maiori sal.

It don't think it at all realistic to tell a devout Christian citizen
living today that they have to disregard their belief structure
because a limited number of Christian Emperors roughly 1,600 years ago
took the auspices. They are bound in the here and now. They can't push
the clock back on their faith.


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia Catoni sal;
> well before Emperor Theodosius, who abolished the taking of
> auspices as well as other things, there were Christians &
> polytheists & followers of philosophies in the Imperial government.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46597 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
M. Lucretius Agricola Omnibus s.p.d.

Just as a mental exercise, let's imagine that an ancient text comes to
light and it says that magistrates always took their own auspices and
the augures were a kind of consultant or advisor. What I mean is that
we suddenly get clear evidence that magistrates must do it themselves.
Then what? Follow ancient tradition and leave it to the personal
determination of each citizen to decide what to do? Break with
tradition and change the Religio? It seems to me that we have
precidents for both courses of action.

It is my opinion that since the augury is a communication from the
immortal gods to the magistrates, we risk breaking the Pax Deorum if
we make innovation in this matter. Latin augury is older than Rome
itself. So I think it is if prime importance to collect all the hard
evidence.

optime valete!

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "marcushoratius" <mhoratius@...> wrote:
>
> Salve Cato
>
> Well, as I said, coming from my own perspective your concern just
> would not have occurred to me before. I see now how it would. I
> will point out, however, that these are still only proposed reforms.
> They were presented months ago in the Collegium Pontificum, in the
> Senate and on the Main List, and it is most unfortunate that so
> little attention and discussion was given to them back in April.
> They have not yet been presented for a contio, at which time they can
> be refined before a vote, and they could also be refined before a
> contio is held.
>
>
> Now that you have raised this concern I wonder how you would address
> similar concerns of those whose religious traditions forbid them to
> participate in any way with the practices of other faiths? If a
> person's personal religious faith does not allow him in any way to
> participate in the religious rites of other faiths, then would he
> also feel unable to hold office as an Aedilis Curulis?
>
> The Constitution states, at IV.A.4, that an Aedilis Curulis is "To
> issue those edicta (edicts) necessary to see to the conduct of public
> games and other festivals and gatherings, to ensure order at public
> religious events."
>
> Public games are religious events, put on for the Gods. They include
> rites of the religio Romana. And of course "public religious events"
> as are mentioned here refers to rites of the religio Romana. So you
> are saying that certain Christians, of particular sects, would feel
> shut out of ever becoming an Aedilis Curulis, and therefore also shut
> out from advancing in the cursus honorum?
>
> Also in Nova Roma law all magistrates must swear an oath of office.
> Your own oath, as an example, in ML msg #41157 on 1 Jan. 2006, swore:
>
> "As a magistrate of Nova Roma, I, C. Equitius Cato, swear
> to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and
> to pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private life."
>
> Does the fact that Nova Roma requires all magistrates to take an oath
> of office prevent those whose religious scruples prohibit them from
> taking any oaths from holding office? Or since the specified oath of
> office includes "to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome," wouldn't
> the wording of this oath be prohibitive to some from taking office?
> Or perhaps what we are doing by this oath is requiring people to
> swear false oaths?
>
> Vale optime
> M Moravius Piscinus
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Cato M. Moravio Piscino sal.
> >
> > Salve Moravius Piscinus.
> >
> > And thank you for the direct part of your reply. All the rest is
> > interesting and informative.
> >
> > One thing I would point out though is that the concern lies in the
> > fact that the wording of these amendments very carefully and
> > completely closes off any possibility of the rites and ceremonies of
> > the religio being performed by anyone on anyone else's behalf. This
> > is potentially disastrous for Christians whose faith does not allow
> > the kind of synergistic approach you offer.
> >
> > Vale bene,
> >
> > Cato
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46598 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
M. Lucretius Agricola Omnibus S.P.D.

Speaking as an accensus, I say that I have just been informed (and
given permission to tell you) that the reform in question will not be
presented for voting. So henceforth let us keep in mind that the
debate (if it continues) is now purely academic in nature.

optime valete



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "M. Lucretius Agricola"
<wm_hogue@...> wrote:
>
> M. Lucretius Agricola Omnibus s.p.d.
>
> Just as a mental exercise, let's imagine that an ancient text comes to
> light and it says that magistrates always took their own auspices and
> the augures were a kind of consultant or advisor. What I mean is that
> we suddenly get clear evidence that magistrates must do it themselves.
> Then what? Follow ancient tradition and leave it to the personal
> determination of each citizen to decide what to do? Break with
> tradition and change the Religio? It seems to me that we have
> precidents for both courses of action.
>
> It is my opinion that since the augury is a communication from the
> immortal gods to the magistrates, we risk breaking the Pax Deorum if
> we make innovation in this matter. Latin augury is older than Rome
> itself. So I think it is if prime importance to collect all the hard
> evidence.
>
> optime valete!
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "marcushoratius" <mhoratius@> wrote:
> >
> > Salve Cato
> >
> > Well, as I said, coming from my own perspective your concern just
> > would not have occurred to me before. I see now how it would. I
> > will point out, however, that these are still only proposed reforms.
> > They were presented months ago in the Collegium Pontificum, in the
> > Senate and on the Main List, and it is most unfortunate that so
> > little attention and discussion was given to them back in April.
> > They have not yet been presented for a contio, at which time they can
> > be refined before a vote, and they could also be refined before a
> > contio is held.
> >
> >
> > Now that you have raised this concern I wonder how you would address
> > similar concerns of those whose religious traditions forbid them to
> > participate in any way with the practices of other faiths? If a
> > person's personal religious faith does not allow him in any way to
> > participate in the religious rites of other faiths, then would he
> > also feel unable to hold office as an Aedilis Curulis?
> >
> > The Constitution states, at IV.A.4, that an Aedilis Curulis is "To
> > issue those edicta (edicts) necessary to see to the conduct of public
> > games and other festivals and gatherings, to ensure order at public
> > religious events."
> >
> > Public games are religious events, put on for the Gods. They include
> > rites of the religio Romana. And of course "public religious events"
> > as are mentioned here refers to rites of the religio Romana. So you
> > are saying that certain Christians, of particular sects, would feel
> > shut out of ever becoming an Aedilis Curulis, and therefore also shut
> > out from advancing in the cursus honorum?
> >
> > Also in Nova Roma law all magistrates must swear an oath of office.
> > Your own oath, as an example, in ML msg #41157 on 1 Jan. 2006, swore:
> >
> > "As a magistrate of Nova Roma, I, C. Equitius Cato, swear
> > to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and
> > to pursue the Roman Virtues in my public and private life."
> >
> > Does the fact that Nova Roma requires all magistrates to take an oath
> > of office prevent those whose religious scruples prohibit them from
> > taking any oaths from holding office? Or since the specified oath of
> > office includes "to honor the Gods and Goddesses of Rome," wouldn't
> > the wording of this oath be prohibitive to some from taking office?
> > Or perhaps what we are doing by this oath is requiring people to
> > swear false oaths?
> >
> > Vale optime
> > M Moravius Piscinus
> >
> >
> > --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@>
> > wrote:
> > >
> > > Cato M. Moravio Piscino sal.
> > >
> > > Salve Moravius Piscinus.
> > >
> > > And thank you for the direct part of your reply. All the rest is
> > > interesting and informative.
> > >
> > > One thing I would point out though is that the concern lies in the
> > > fact that the wording of these amendments very carefully and
> > > completely closes off any possibility of the rites and ceremonies of
> > > the religio being performed by anyone on anyone else's behalf. This
> > > is potentially disastrous for Christians whose faith does not allow
> > > the kind of synergistic approach you offer.
> > >
> > > Vale bene,
> > >
> > > Cato
> > >
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46599 From: william wheeler Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Market day is live chat day
so how do you login to the chat the system will not take my name or my old
user ID


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46600 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Market day is live chat day
Just point your IRC client at the link irc://irc.novaroma.org/NovaRoma
and go. There isn't any password system in use.

I'm there now, so give it a try.

optime vale

M. Lucretius Agricola


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "william wheeler" <magewuffa@...> wrote:
>
> so how do you login to the chat the system will not take my name or
my old
> user ID
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46601 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-26
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Cato M. Moravio Piscino sal.

Salve Moravius Piscinus.

The discussion is now academic, but it touches on some important
thigs, so I'd like to answer if I may :-)

I think the most crucial difference in my oath of office - to "honor
the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings" - and what the
amendment proposed was that I can certainly "honor" the gods in many
different ways that are in harmony with my religio privata. I think
that in some ways I honor the gods almost every day with my posting of
the calendar, as I try to tell the stories of the gods and their
dealings with men and recount the sources for the great feasts of the
Roman year. I can do this without any fear of violating my religio
privata because I don't have to *believe* the stories of the gods but
I can certainly *tell* them.

This amendment takes away the individual's ability (and right, under
the current lex Constitutiva) to decide the level of participation in
the religio publica they can comfortably assume; they would become
legally bound to the public *practice* (not "honor" or "respect") of
the Religio Romana. This would create a serious barrier to many
monotheists. Now, it is true that I have an entirely personal view of
what I can and cannot comfortably do (I have tipped a glass to Apollo
before dinner, for instance), but this kind of amendment crosses the
line as far as creating a compulsory obedience thyat I do not think is
either needed or wanted.

I do take very seriously Agricole's remarks about the necessity of
ensuring that we restore the rites of the religio as far as necessary,
and I have often voiced my belief that the religio is a necessary part
and parcel of the Republic.

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46602 From: Maior Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
M. Hortensia omnibus spd;
that's the point. Practice - praxy is what Romans did, the glue
that bound Rome. That binds us all in mos.
With your point of view , an atheist could refuse to take
auspices as he or she is not comfortable with it. That's a very
unRoman point of view.
It's not an issue of whether you are a devout atheist, Christian or
anything else...but what Romans did. To quote from Beard & North

"The rituals and festivals of Rome provided the Romans and non-Romans
at all periods a demonstration of what was most traditional and
typical about the history and life of Rome: a demonstration of what
counted as 'Roman.' Vol 1. p. 113 "The Religions of Rome"
valete
Marca Hortensia Maior


> This amendment takes away the individual's ability (and right, under
> the current lex Constitutiva) to decide the level of participation in
> the religio publica they can comfortably assume; they would become
> legally bound to the public *practice* (not "honor" or "respect") of
> the Religio Romana.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46603 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Agricola Catoni Omnibusque sal.

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@...> wrote:
>
...
> This amendment takes away the individual's ability (and right, under
> the current lex Constitutiva) to decide the level of participation in
> the religio publica they can comfortably assume;

Not exactly. It would change the nature and timing of the decision. If
we believe that the Pax Deorum is important, and if we believe that in
order to preserve the Pax Deorum the magistrates must themselves take
auspices, then we might decide to make this taking of auspices a
requirement. This may or may not deter some from deciding to run for
office, just as now the scruples of some may prevent them from
striving for office even if auspices are taken by another in their
behalf. Just as, indeed, there may be some who have an interest in
Rome but do not join us because of religious scruples. I think it
would not be making a new line as much as moving an old one.

>
> I do take very seriously Agricole's remarks about the necessity of
> ensuring that we restore the rites of the religio as far as necessary,
> and I have often voiced my belief that the religio is a necessary part
> and parcel of the Republic.
>

I know you speak in truth and I do believe that if you can be shown
solid evidence that it was necessary for magistrates to take their own
auspices and that doing so was an essential part of keeping the Pax
Deorum you would not object to seeing this enforced, either by law or
by custom. I say this because I know you realize that to do otherwise
would be as inappropriate for you as my lobbying for a legal change in
the USA that would require the Roman Catholic church to ordain women
as priests because of my views on gender equality. And this even
though we both share the knowledge that there are many women, who if
ordained as Catholic priests would bring much to the church.

optime vale et valete
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46604 From: M·C·C· Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: ELECCIONES PARA LAS MAGISTRATURAS PLEBEYAS
Salvete omnes

El Tribuno de la Plebe Marcus Arminius acaba de convocar las fechas y
horarios para las siguientes elecciones:

Se convoca a los Comitia Plebis Tributa para elegir a los magistrados
Plebeyos para el año 2760 auc (2007 CE).

El Contio empezará a las 12h01, Hora de Roma, el 27 de Octubre , y durará
hasta las 12h01 (Hora de Roma) del 30 de Octubre.

Las votaciones empezarán inmediatamente después y durarán hasta las 18 horas
del día 5 de Noviembre.

[ NOTA: LA hora oficial de Nova Roma es la Hora Central Europea, la hora de
Roma.Para ver la hora en otras partes del mundo:
http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock ]

El programa para el contio y la votación es como sigue:

27 Oct, contio empieza a las 12:01;
30 Oct, contio fin, votaciones empiezan a las 12:01;
05 Nov, termina la votación a las 18h00.

Las magistraturas que deben cubrirse y los candidatos para las mismas son:

TRIBUNUS PLEBIS (5 vacantes)
-------------------------------------------
Gaius Arminius Reccanellus
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Gaius_Arminius_Reccanellus_%28Nova_Roma%29
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=7658

Marcus Curiatus Complutensis
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Marcus_Curiatius_Complutensis_%28Nova_Roma%29
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=6159

Marcus Pontius Sejanus
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=1854

Quintus Servilius Priscus
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Quintus_Servilius_Priscus_%28Nova_Roma%29
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=2369

AEDILIS PLEBIS (2 vacantes)
-------------------------------------------------
Caius Curius Saturninus
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Caius_Curius_Saturninus_%28Nova_Roma%29
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=1337
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46605 From: marcushoratius Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Salve bene Cato

The matter is not quite academic because it does touch on how we, all
Nova Romans combined, understand the application of our laws. What
you say about honoring the Gods I accept for a non-practitioner of
the religio Romana, and I would say that this is the general
understanding of our Citizens. There are sects of Christians that
will not take any oath, such as JW's, based on a passage in Matthew,
while some other Christians of 'fundamentalist' views would take
offense at being required to take an oath to honor the Roman deities
in any sense. On the other side, we would have some cultores Deorum
who would understand "honor the Gods" to mean participating in rites
to the Gods, and we also have our own "fundamentalists" who have even
more extreme views when it comes to Christians.

You may be splitting hairs, because the law does not allow an
individual "to decide the level of participation" when it comes to
taking an oath of office in Nova Roma. What you are really talking
about is how each individual understands the oath. I see the point
that you wish to make on the difference, but arguably when it comes
to performing a requirement of office such as taking the auspices it
would still come down to how the individual understood his or her
participation. If the rite is done properly, which is what I would
most want, then, yes, part of the ritual of taking the auspices
involves offering worship to the Gods while erecting the templum.
And I for one would consider it improper to have perfunctuary
performance of the ritual without reverence for the Gods become a
normal understanding in Nova Roma. It is possible to have another
perform the ritual parts and still have an auspex look for the signs
taken as auspices. There can be different levels of participation
from which an individual magistrate may choose. And so what would be
the concern here, if I understand it correctly, is what should the
general understanding be among Nova Romans on a requirement that a
magistrate take his or her own auspicia. The proposal could be
better worded to make it more clear, but from past practice
the "general understanding" has been that a proxy may sit in as
auspex for a magistrate.

A provision allowing the use of proxies would be perfectly
acceptable, from the stand point of Roman ritual. Maybe some of the
confusion here is due to differences in the understanding of
Christian rituals and culti Deorum ex patria. In Roman ritual the
praeses, or main celebrant, orders assistants to perform various
parts of the ritual. In fact it is essential to have this dialogue
back and forth between the praeses and his minister, camilli, praeco,
and all the other participants as the praeses each in turn to perform
their parts. The praeses *orders* the ritual. In performing an
auspicia, the auspex would normally be the praeses, but that would
not be a requirement. A consul or praetor, as the praeses who was to
conduct an auspicium, could "order" an auspex to perform the rites.
What magistrates should not do is neglect, ignore, or half-heartedly
tell someone else, "oh, you go do it."

Restoring the rites of the religio Romana is a necessary part of
restoring the Res Publica. Maybe I should explain that in the
religio Romana the Res Publica is understood to be an integrated
society of mortals and immortals held together by mutual bonds. "To
each their due" is the guiding principle of the Res Publica. A
Consul, being the highest official, represents the human portion of
that common society. Acting as praeses, ordering the other
attendants, he or she would bring the whole of the human portion of
that society before the Gods. This common society can even be called
a civitas since not only are the mortals bound together by its laws,
but through acceptance of vows the Gods enter into communion with the
Res Publica. (One way that foreign deities were introduced into Roma
antiqua.) The auspicia are essential to maintaining the Res Publica
as it is a means through which mortals and immortals interact on
arriving at what is due to each in their common society. "Among our
ancestors, no affair was undertaken, either in public or private,
before taking the auspices (Valerius Maximus 2.1.1)." So the concern
for cultores Deorum is not only that the rites of the religio Romana
are restored, but that they are restored in a correct manner such
that the Res Publica is properly restored in pace Deorum.

Vale, mi Cato, in Deos
M Moravius Piscinus


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "gequitiuscato" <mlcinnyc@...>
wrote:
>
> Cato M. Moravio Piscino sal.
>
> Salve Moravius Piscinus.
>
> The discussion is now academic, but it touches on some important
> thigs, so I'd like to answer if I may :-)
>
> I think the most crucial difference in my oath of office - to "honor
> the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings" - and what the
> amendment proposed was that I can certainly "honor" the gods in many
> different ways that are in harmony with my religio privata. I think
> that in some ways I honor the gods almost every day with my posting
of
> the calendar, as I try to tell the stories of the gods and their
> dealings with men and recount the sources for the great feasts of
the
> Roman year. I can do this without any fear of violating my religio
> privata because I don't have to *believe* the stories of the gods
but
> I can certainly *tell* them.
>
> This amendment takes away the individual's ability (and right, under
> the current lex Constitutiva) to decide the level of participation
in
> the religio publica they can comfortably assume; they would become
> legally bound to the public *practice* (not "honor" or "respect") of
> the Religio Romana. This would create a serious barrier to many
> monotheists. Now, it is true that I have an entirely personal view
of
> what I can and cannot comfortably do (I have tipped a glass to
Apollo
> before dinner, for instance), but this kind of amendment crosses the
> line as far as creating a compulsory obedience thyat I do not think
is
> either needed or wanted.
>
> I do take very seriously Agricole's remarks about the necessity of
> ensuring that we restore the rites of the religio as far as
necessary,
> and I have often voiced my belief that the religio is a necessary
part
> and parcel of the Republic.
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46606 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: The Comitia Centuriata is called
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Consul Omnibus SPD

The Comitia Centuriata will assemble to vote for the ordinary Centuriate
magistracies for calendar year 2760 auc.

The Contio will begin at 6:00 PM, Roma time (Central European Time), on 27
Oct. and will last until 5:59 PM, Roma time, on 31 Oct. Voting will then
commence according to this schedule:

During the Contio the diribitores need to select and announce the Centuria
Praerogativa.


6:00 PM, 03 November: Voting by the Centuria Praerogativa *only* begins.
6:00 PM, 04 November: Diribitores capture tally of Centuria Praerogativa.
6:00 PM, 05 November: Voting by all First Class centuries now permitted.
6:00 PM, 07 November: Diribitores capture tally of all First Class
centuries.
6:00 PM, 08 November: Voting by all centuries now permitted.
6:00 PM, 12 November: Voting ends.

The diribitores shall provide reports of the progress of the voting in
accordance with the provisions of the LEX FABIA DE RATIONE COMITIORUM
CENTURIATORUM.

The magistracies to be filled, and the candidates for these magistracies
are:

-----------

CENSOR (1 opening)

*Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=4006


-----------

CONSUL (2 openings)

*Tiberius Galerius Paulinus*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3443



*Lucius Arminius Faustus*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=3931

* *

*Flavius Vedius Germanicus*
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=27



*Marcus Moravius Piscinus Horatianus*
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=432



-----------

PRAETOR (2 openings)

*Aula Tullia Scholastica*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=6596


*Titus Iulius Sabinus*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=8092

* *

*Gaius Equitius Cato*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=7186



-----------

The following are proposed constitutional amendments. Their overall
objective is to implement a more historical approach to some of our
constitutional elements, and to bridge a greater consistency of our
constitutional language with that of our current judicial system.



Further introductory discussion is included below, where the Consuls felt it
would be helpful.



Appropriate Latin nomenclature will be pursued with regard to names for
these amendments should they be lawfully approved by the Senate and Populus
Novae Romae.



For easier reference, the complete text of the constitution may be found
here, for your convenience:


<http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Current_constitution_%28Nova_Roma%29>
http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Current_constitution_%28Nova_Roma%29



The Consuls would like to thank the Senate for their counsel with respect to
these proposals.


Item ONE: PROPOSED AMENDMENT I



Section II "Citizens and Gentes"



Clause 3 concerning the rights of citizens reads: "The right to vote in
elections as members of their various comitia on matters brought before the
People in such manner as described in the Constitution...

*Proposed Change: The rights of the Iura Publica: *

*i. The right to vote in elections as members of their various comitia on
matters brought before the People in such manner as described in this
constitution and pursuant laws.*

*ii. The right to candidate for public office where eligible, as determined
by this constitution and pursuant laws.*



Item TWO: PROPOSED AMENDMENT II



II 'Citizens and Gentes" Section B

Clause 5 concerning the right of Provocatio currently reads "The right of
provocatio: to appeal the decision of a magistrate that has a direct
negative impact on that citizen to the Comitia Populi Tributa".



*Proposed Change: The right of Provocatio ad populum: to appeal a loss of
citizenship (exactio) to the Comitia Centuriata. *



*And in a separate clause...The right of Apellatio: *

*i) to appeal a magisterial decision which has a direct negative impact on
that citizen to the Comitia Populi Tributa, such appeal may not be denied
by the magistrate against whom the appeal is made.*



*ii) to appeal a court decision (sententia) not involving loss of
citizenship to the Comitia Populi Tributa, or optionally in the case of a
citizen of the Plebian Order, to the Comitia Plebis Tributa.*



Item THREE: PROPOSED AMENDMENT III



II Section B 'Comitia Centuriata"



From 3 (concerning the Comitia Centuriata) the Constitution

currently reads:* "*to try legal cases in which the defendant is subject to
permanent removal of citizenship"

*Proposed Change: to render verdicts in appeals of Provocatio ad populum in
which the defendant (reus) is subject to loss of citizenship.*



*Corresponding changes proposed to the Section III of remaining comitia:*

*
Clause 3 concerning Comitia Plebia Tributa reads: "To try legal cases solely
involving members of the Plebian Order that do not involve permanent removal
of citizenship"...*

*Proposed change: " to render verdicts in appeals of court rulings
(sententia) by members of the Plebian Order which do not involve removal
of citizenship.*



*Clause 3 concerning Comitia Populi Tributa reads: " To try legal cases
that do not involve permanent removal of citizenship" **
Proposed Change: To render verdicts in appeals which do not involve removal
of citizenship.*



Discussion: The changes of item III reflect a more historical role of
comitia in the judicial process and correspond more accurately with the
language of our NR judicial system as detailed in the leges Saliciae
Iudiciaria et Poenalis:



http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/leges/2002-11-24-iii.html

*http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/leges/2003-10-08-ii.html*



Citizens of Nova Roma are tried by the Leges Salicia procedures and the
Iudices (judges) render a decison....Appeals of the decisions arising from
these proceedings, if any, are decided by the appropriate comitia as revised
above. We do not have a separate 'trial' system within each comitia as the
current constitutional language implies.


*Item FOUR: PROPOSED AMENDMENT IV**

**IV Magistrates 1. 'Censor'*

1. f. 1. reads "A nota against an ordinary individual is sufficient
to deprive that individual of the right to vote until such time as it is
removed; *Proposed Change: A nota against a citizen is sufficient to
deprive him of the Iura Publica until such time as the nota is removed.
*A nota against a member of the Senate is sufficient to remove that
individual from the Senate until such time as it is removed.

Discussion : The latter non-bolded sentence above is currently in the
constitution and would remain as is. The definition of 'Iura Publica' is
described in Proposed Amendment I above.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46607 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: The Comitia Populi Tributa is called
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Consul Omnibus SPD

The Comitia Populi Tributa is called to vote for the Tribal magistrates for
calendar year 2760 auc.

The Contio will begin at 6:00 PM, Roma time (Central European Time), on 27
Oct. and will last until 5:59 PM, Roma time, on 31 Oct. Voting will then
commence at 6:00 PM (CET) on 03 November and will end at 6:00 PM (CET) on 12
November 2006.

The presidium (the first tribe to be counted) shall be Tribe XXII: Maecia.


The candidates up for election are:

----------

AEDILIS CURULIS (2 openings)

*Lucius Cornelius Cicero*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=6675

* *

*Quintus Valerius Callidus*
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=6903



*Tita Artoria Marcella*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=9189

* *

*Iulia Caesar Cytheris Aege*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=6747


----------

QUAESTOR (8 openings)

*Gaius Marius Maior*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=8938

* *

*Quintus Iulius Probus*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=8534

* *

*Gnaeus Equitius Marinus*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=2356

* *

*Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Postumianus*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=4031


--------------

ROGATOR (2 openings)

No candidates.

---------------

DIRIBITOR (4 openings)

*Titus Pontius Silanus*
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=10100



*Marcus Arminius Maior*
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=53

---------------

CUSTOS (2 openings)

*Gaius Vipsanius Agrippa*

http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=1365

* *

*Pompeia Minucia Strabo*
http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album?id=289


---------------

EDITOR COMMENTARIORUM (editor of the Aquila, 1 opening)

No candidates.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46608 From: Kirsteen Wright Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
On 10/27/06, gequitiuscato <mlcinnyc@...> wrote:

>
> I think the most crucial difference in my oath of office - to "honor
> the Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings" - and what the
> amendment proposed was that I can certainly "honor" the gods in many
> different ways that are in harmony with my religio privata. I think
> that in some ways I honor the gods almost every day with my posting of
> the calendar, as I try to tell the stories of the gods and their
> dealings with men and recount the sources for the great feasts of the
> Roman year.


I think for me, the crux here is are you a monotheist or a polytheist. If
you are a polytheist who chooses to worship the christian god then yes, that
is your private religion and nothing stops you from honouring Rome's gods.

Many of my friends are Heathens and I honour their gods when with them. I
have many christian friends and will offer honour to those gods too when
appropriate.

However if you're a monotheist and don't believe in the existence of Rome's
gods, then I fail to see how you could be 'honouring' them by telling
stories about them. After all I've told my kids stories about the tooth
fairy, that doesn't mean I 'honour' her. How can I possibly honour something
I don't believe in.

Flavia Lucilla Merula



> --
> Chaos, confusion, disorder - my work here is done


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46609 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Attention Custodes and Diribitores
The annual elections having been announced, would all custodes and diribitores
please write to me and my colleague off-list so we can insure that the vote
counting and election judging will be done properly, and that everyone is
ready to do their job as an election official. The best way to reach us is
censores at novaroma dot org (and note that spelling of censorEs).

Vale, et valete,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Censor
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46610 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: a.d. VI Kal. Nov.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem VI Kalendas Novembris; haec dies comitialis est.

"The terrible severity of the punishment, however, made the soldiers
more obedient to their general, and not only did it lead to greater
attention being paid to the pickets and sentry duties and the ordering
of the outposts, but when they went into battle for the final contest,
this severity proved to be of the greatest service. The battle was
exactly like one fought in a civil war; there was nothing in the Latin
army different from the Roman except their courage. At first the
Romans used the large round shield called the clipeus, afterwards,
when the soldiers received pay, the smaller oblong shield called the
scutum was adopted. The phalanx formation, similar to the Macedonian
of the earlier days, was abandoned in favour of the distribution into
companies (manipuli); the rear portion being broken up into smaller
divisions. The foremost line consisted of the hastati, formed into
fifteen companies, drawn up at a short distance from each other. These
were called the light-armed companies, as whilst one-third carried a
long spear (hasta) and short iron javelins, the remainder carried
shields. This front line consisted of youths in the first bloom of
manhood just old enough for service. Behind them were stationed an
equal number of companies, called principes, made up of men in the
full vigour of life, all carrying shields and furnished with superior
weapons. This body of thirty companies were called the antepilani.
Behind them were the standards under which were stationed fifteen
companies, which were divided into three sections called vexillae, the
first section in each was called the pilus, and they consisted of 180
men to every standard (vexillum). The first vexillum was followed by
the triarii, veterans of proved courage; the second by the rorarii, or
"skirmishers," younger men and less distinguished; the third by the
accensi, who were least to be depended upon, and were therefore placed
in the rearmost line.

When the battle formation of the army was completed, the hastati were
the first to engage. If they failed to repulse the enemy, they slowly
retired through the intervals between the companies of the principes
who then took up the fight, the hastati following in their rear. The
triarii, meantime, were resting on one knee under their standards,
their shields over their shoulders and their spears planted on the
ground with the points upwards, giving them the appearance of a
bristling palisade. If the principes were also unsuccessful, they
slowly retired to the triarii, which has given rise to the proverbial
saying, when people are in great difficulty "matters have come down to
the triarii." When the triarii had admitted the hastati and principes
through the intervals separating their companies they rose from their
kneeling posture and instantly closing their companies up they blocked
all passage through them and in one compact mass fell on the enemy as
the last hope of the army. The enemy who had followed up the others as
though they had defeated them, saw with dread a now and larger army
rising apparently out of the earth. There were generally four legions
enrolled, consisting each of 5000 men, and 300 cavalry were assigned
to each legion. A force of equal size used to be supplied by the
Latins, now, however, they were hostile to Rome. The two armies were
drawn up in the same formation, and they knew that if the maniples
kept their order they would have to fight, not only vexilla with
vexilla, hastati with hastati, principes with principes, but even
centurion with centurion. There were amongst the triarii two
centurions, one in each army-the Roman, possessing but little bodily
strength but an energetic and experienced soldier, the Latin, a man of
enormous strength and a splendid fighter-very well known to each other
because they had always served in the same company. The Roman,
distrusting his own strength, had obtained the consuls' permission
before leaving Rome to choose his own sub-centurion to protect him
from the man who was destined to be his enemy. This youth, finding
himself face to face with the Latin centurion, gained a victory over
him." - Livy, History of Rome 8.8


PERSON OF THE DAY - FAUNUS

The god of wild nature and fertility, also regarded as the giver of
oracles. He was later identified with the Greek Pan and also assumed
some of Pan's characteristics such as the horns and hooves. As the
protector of cattle he is also referred to as Lupercus ("he who wards
off the wolf") by Justin Martyr.

Faunus was known as the father of Bona Dea (Fauna, his feminine side)
and Latinus by the nymph Marica (who was also sometimes Faunus'
mother). One particular tradition tells that Faunus was the king of
Latium, and the son of Picus. After his death he was deified as
Fatuus, and a small cult formed around his person in the sacred forest
of Tibur (Tivoli). On February 15 (the founding date of his temple)
his feast, the Lupercalia, was celebrated. Priests (called the
Luperci) wearing goat skins walked through the streets of Rome and hit
the spectators with belts made from goat skin. Another festival was
the Faunalia, observed on December 5.

He is accompanied by the fauns, analogous to the Greek satyrs. His
feminine counterpart is Fauna. The wolfskin, wreath, and a goblet are
his attributes

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Livy, (www.pantheon.org)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46611 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Maior,

The auspices are used to determine if an action is favorable, unfavorable, or neutral to the Gods. It uses a specific formula that is considerably different from astrology which a Republican Roman would place in the same category as haruspexy. Yoga and T'ai Chi Chuan are not even in the same category.

F. Galerius Aurelianus


-----Original Message-----
From: rory12001@...
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Thu, 26 Oct 2006 12:47 PM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]


M. Hortensia omnibus spd;
I'm confused why would taking an auspicy differ to
reading or taking a horoscope, performing yoga or T'ai Ch'i? ? So
why would a Christian object, say more than an atheist or agnostic
or Epicurean or Peripatetic? And we have many followers of the last
4 in Nova Roma. The point is to reform the Constitution to resemble
Republican Rome; surely a laudable aim.
bene vale
Marca Hortensia Maior


> Could we not, in the interests of justice, have an exception for
those
> who can not, due to religious scruple, perform their own auspices?
>
> I am not a follower of the Cultus Deorum, but rather, the Religio
> Septentrionalis. Taking auspices (rune casting, looking for omens,
> Utsita [meditative trance looking for Godly inspiration], and so
> forth) is a part of my faithway.
>
> So, I would have no problem seeking Auspices.
>
> On the other hand, I have friends and acquaintences here in the new
> city who would, due to the dictates of their faithful conscience.
>
> These are men and women of great abilty. It would be a shame to
lose
> what they could bring to better governance within our republic.
>
> a couple as
>
> In amicus sub fidelis - Venator
>






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[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46612 From: gequitiuscato Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Cato M. Moravio Piscino F. Lucillae Merulae M. Hortensiae Maiori SPD

Salvete omnes.

(N.B. - when I speak of Christian doctrine it is a didactic tool, NOT
an attack or dismissal of any other religious belief system.)

First, Marca Hortensia, you seem to be laboring under an extreme
misunderstanding regarding the nature of Christianity. Very briefly,
and to set the foundation for a more logical discussion: Christianity
is not simply a "feel good" way of thinking or an emotional
philosophy; it is at its heart an understanding of the way in which a
singular, peculiar and unique God chose to intervene directly in human
history by becoming incarnate and removing the barriers that mankind
had placed between itself and Him by the salvific work of the Person
of Jesus the Christ.

As Lucilla Merula has made reference to, the syncretism which you
espouse simply is not possible for a Christian because there *are no
other gods* with whom the Christian God can be syncretized. If they
do not exist a Christian cannot add them to his "pantheon", and they
cannot be worshipped. Christianity is an *exclusive* religion - it
has no room for other gods or prophets or things of that nature; all
the latitude that a polytheist is afforded is absent from Christianity.

Now, Lucilla Merula, I happen to think that, like the Christian
concept of the intrinsic virtue of the Divine Liturgy acting upon
those who observe it whether they believe in it or not, recounting the
histories of the gods and the festivals an observances that pertain to
them has an intrinsic worth. Personally, I respect the culture -
history, architecture, art, literature - that the belief in, and
worship of, the gods of the Romans have passed down to us. I honor
them the way I can honor the deities of the ancient Egyptians and the
Shintos and the Hindus; their cultural (and as a by-product,
spiritual) worth simply cannot be measured. They arouse in us a sense
of wonder and awe, admiration and a greater sense of where mankind has
been and where it has the potential to grow.

Piscine, you wrote:

"The proposal could be better worded to make it more clear, but from
past practice the 'general understanding' has been that a proxy may
sit in as auspex for a magistrate."

And I heartily endorse this "general understanding" - but the proposed
amendment made no allowance for that, which is what brought up the
concerns I raised.

Restoring the Religio Publica is indeed a vital and absolute
necessity; I have made reference long ago to the fact that it must
become part of the very air we breathe, part of the simple general
existence of who we are. We are hampered of course by our physical
disparity; we cannot stand in the Forum and hear in the background the
sonorous chanting of the priests as they offer up to the Dii
Immortales in the temples. How can we bring ourselves closer to this
point without cutting off those who cannot participate fully in that
worship? Is it, realistically, possible?

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46613 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
Salve Merula,

Flavia Lucilla Merula <kirsteen.falconsfan@...> writes:

> However if you're a monotheist and don't believe in the existence of Rome's
> gods, then I fail to see how you could be 'honouring' them by telling
> stories about them. After all I've told my kids stories about the tooth
> fairy, that doesn't mean I 'honour' her. How can I possibly honour
> something I don't believe in.

I think you are treading on very dangerous ground here. Nova Roma has always
held that what matters is orthopraxis, and that what people believe in their
own hearts is their own business. M. Tullius Cicero, the great orator, made
no secret of the fact that he didn't believe in the gods and thought it was
all a lot of children's stories, but he was also an augur who wrote De
Divinatio and when he was consul he conducted his rituals in exact propriety.

Belief does not matter in the Religio. Only actions matter.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46614 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Upcoming Elections
Valetudo quod fortuna omnes;

I should like to urge one and all to read the messages of the
candidates and sponsors of any measures. Do some thinking, take a
decision and VOTE.

Nova Roma will only continue with the participation of as many Cives
as possible in elections, and elsewhere.

Join the provincial lists, find out if you have Nova Roma neighbors,
get together for coffee at first, build community.

That's how to help the Republic grow.

Due to some bad turns in my health the past few years, I've been not
able to travel much. But, I'm well on the mend and will be more
active after the turn of the new year.

In amicus sub fidelis
Stephanus Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus
Cives, Patrician, Pater Domus, Lictor, Diribitor
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46615 From: Kirsteen Wright Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Ius Auspicium [was Fwd: Responsa Pontificum July 29th, 2006]
On 10/27/06, Gnaeus Equitius Marinus <gawne@...> wrote:
>
> Salve Merula,
>
>
> I think you are treading on very dangerous ground here. Nova Roma has
> always
> held that what matters is orthopraxis, and that what people believe in
> their
> own hearts is their own business. M. Tullius Cicero, the great orator,
> made
> no secret of the fact that he didn't believe in the gods and thought it
> was
> all a lot of children's stories, but he was also an augur who wrote De
> Divinatio and when he was consul he conducted his rituals in exact
> propriety.
>
> Belief does not matter in the Religio. Only actions matter.


I totally agree with you. It's orthopraxy that matters, not orthodoxy.
However, if someone has already made clear that they have problems with the
practice but claim they are 'honouring' the gods, I'm just curious to know
what they mean by 'honouring' and who they feel they're honouring.

Of course, if someone, does not believe but is still willing to follow the
practice, as was Cicero's case, I have no problem at all with that. I just,
personally, don't think you can have it both ways.

Flavia Lucilla Merula

--
> Chaos, confusion, disorder - my work here is done


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Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46616 From: Marcus Traianus Valerius Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Re: Upcoming Elections
The Honorable Stephanus Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus wrote:

>�I should like to urge one and all to read the messages of the candidates and sponsors of > any measures. Do some thinking, take a decision and VOTE.

>Nova Roma will only continue with the participation of as many Cives as possible in
>elections, and elsewhere.

>Join the provincial lists, find out if you have Nova Roma neighbors,
>get together for coffee at first, build community.

>That's how to help the Republic grow.�

If I may second your comments and say, that I could not agree more. I have been sitting in the wings for the last year or so and not really active, and that was wrong of me. First let me apologize to the Republic, to Her Senate, to Her Citizen�s and to the Gods for my lack of participation and my lack of Roman Community.


M. Traianus Valerius!



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Group: Nova-Roma Message: 46617 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2006-10-27
Subject: Honor
Salve Flavia Lucilla Merula

The phrase "honor" has many definitions including
"to show respect to" and "to show a courteous regard for"

I have taken the Nova Roman oath six times and I hope to
take it again as Consul-elect. I can and have "shown respect to"
and "a courteous regard for" the religious traditions of Nova Roma.

I will continue to do so. I hope it is enough.


Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
Mea gloria fideles


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