Selected messages in Nova-Roma group. Aug 1-23, 2007

Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51093 From: Robin Marquardt Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: Seeking William the Conqueror's Decendent's Patrilinial Knowled
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51094 From: titus.aquila Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51095 From: Annia Minucia Marcella Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51096 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51097 From: Gaius Marcius Crispus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51098 From: Titus Arminius Genialis Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Temple vs stamps + Southern Hemisphere
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51099 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: How to buld a Temple Cheap/wasRe: [Nova-Roma] Temple vs stamps + So
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51100 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51101 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Kal. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51102 From: M·CVR·COMPLVTENSIS Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: ABSENTIA
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51103 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: MMP and ideas.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51104 From: iulius sabinus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: MMP
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51105 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51106 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51107 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51108 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51109 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Getty dispute (nearly) settled
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51110 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51111 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: a.d. IV Non. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51112 From: Zaheer Abbas Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Support the Magna Mater Project, 7/31/2007, 12:00 pm
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51113 From: Zaheer Abbas Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51114 From: Zaheer Abbas Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51115 From: os390account Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51116 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Question on Roman Senate picture.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51117 From: QFabiusMaxmi@aol.com Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51118 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Question on Roman Senate picture.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51119 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51120 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51121 From: Tiberius Galerius Paulinus Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Question on Roman Senate picture.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51122 From: Wade MacMorrighan Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Herbs "Dedicated" to Mercury?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51123 From: vallenporter Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51124 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51125 From: vallenporter Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51126 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51127 From: os390account Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51128 From: Thomas Vogel Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Thomas Vogel/MUC/AMADEUS is out of the office.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51129 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: a.d. III Non. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51130 From: Annia Minucia Marcella Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51131 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51132 From: os390account Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51133 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51134 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51135 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Absentia.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51136 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51137 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51138 From: albmd323232 Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Moving Forward
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51139 From: Ice Hunter Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: Absentia.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51140 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Gladius Query
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51141 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: Moving Forward
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51142 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51143 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Herbs "Dedicated" to Mercury?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51144 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: prid. Non. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51145 From: malcolm moray Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Gladius Query
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51146 From: gnddraco Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: How is everyone?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51147 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: How is everyone?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51148 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51149 From: Aulus Liburnius Hadrianus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51150 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Tax payments updated and registered
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51151 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51152 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51153 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51154 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51155 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51156 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51157 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51158 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Non. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51159 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51160 From: Titus Flavius Aquila Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51161 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51162 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51163 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51164 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51165 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51166 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51167 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51168 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51169 From: malcolm moray Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51170 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: a.d. VIII Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51171 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Re: Moving Forward
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51172 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: My Gladius Query(It's a Qama!)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51173 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Fwd: Fw: The Wine Table
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51174 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: The Praetorship -- "Roman Times" -- #2 -- 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51175 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: "Mortar and Pestle" -- "Roman Times" -- #3 --2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51176 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Canal Construction In the Ancient World -- "Pilum" -- #1 -- 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51177 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Canal Construction In the Ancient World -- "Pilum" -- #2 -- 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51178 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Ham and Fig Pie -- "Roman Times" -- #4 -- 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51179 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Sea Trade I -- "Roman Times" -- #5 -- 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51180 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-07
Subject: a.d. VII Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51181 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-07
Subject: "Roman Times Quarterly" -- 2nd Quarter -- 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51182 From: titus.aquila Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Absentia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51183 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: QUIRINUS Gallia webzine June issue ENGLISH version online
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51184 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: "Pilum Quarterly" -- 2nd Qtr. -- 2007
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51185 From: Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Re: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51186 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Your Recent Publication
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51187 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Contact Me Please
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51188 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: a.d. VI Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51189 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Re: Contact Me Please
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51190 From: Thomas Vogel Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Thomas Vogel/MUC/AMADEUS is out of the office.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51191 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-09
Subject: a.d. V Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51192 From: titus.aquila Date: 2007-08-09
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51193 From: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com Date: 2007-08-10
Subject: Contribute to the Nova Roma Wiki, 8/10/2007, 12:00 pm
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51194 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-10
Subject: a.d. IV Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51195 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-11
Subject: a.d. III Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51196 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-12
Subject: prid. Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51197 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-12
Subject: Gaius Equitius Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51198 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-12
Subject: Re: Gaius Equitius Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51199 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Tomis - photos.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51200 From: dave bustillos Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51201 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Id. Sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51202 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51203 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51204 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51205 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-14
Subject: post. Id. sext.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51206 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-14
Subject: Free Public Lectures
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51207 From: C. Curius Saturninus Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Latin courses at Academia Thules!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51208 From: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Join your provincial mailing list. , 8/15/2007, 12:00 pm
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51209 From: l_fidelius_graecus Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: The Last Legion
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51210 From: Julilla Sempronia Magna Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Announcement: New Prov. America Boreoccidentalis group
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51211 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Re: The Last Legion
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51212 From: Malcolm Davies Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Lingua italiana facilis facta!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51213 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Re: Latin courses at Academia Thules!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51214 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Roman Toy's
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51215 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-16
Subject: Re: Lingua italiana facilis facta!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51216 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-16
Subject: Re: Lingua italiana facilis facta!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51217 From: Andrea Date: 2007-08-16
Subject: Calling citizens in Asia Occidentalis
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51218 From: Claudio Guzzo Date: 2007-08-17
Subject: Gaius Equitius Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51219 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2007-08-17
Subject: Trip to Europe
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51220 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Trip to Europe
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51221 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: a.d. XV Kal. Sept.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51222 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Gaius Equitius Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51223 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Gaius Equitius Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51224 From: vallenporter Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Trip to Europe
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51225 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-19
Subject: a.d. XIV Kal. Sept.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51226 From: Patrick D. Owen Date: 2007-08-19
Subject: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51227 From: Patrick D. Owen Date: 2007-08-19
Subject: Re: Trip to Europe
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51228 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51229 From: M. Flavius Aurelius Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Oath of Office - Governor of Australia Province
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51230 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51231 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: a.d. XI Kal. Sept.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51232 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51233 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51234 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51235 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51236 From: Marcus Iulius Severus Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51237 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51238 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51239 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51240 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51241 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51242 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51243 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: a.d. XII Kal. Sept.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51244 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51245 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Lex Equitia Galeria de ordinariis - Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51246 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Fwd: [yg-alerts] Message Delivery Delay - Issue Resolved
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51247 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51248 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51249 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: P.S.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51250 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: EX OFFICIO GAI EQUITI CATONI PRAETORIS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51251 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Gratulatione!
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51252 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51253 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51254 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51255 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Governors mailing list.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51256 From: Milyardo Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Becoming a Citizen.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51257 From: Sextus Lucilius Tutor Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: And Again Flag
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51258 From: M·CVR·COMPLVTENSIS Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: Becoming a Citizen.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51259 From: Annia Minucia Marcella Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51260 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51261 From: dave bustillos Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51262 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51263 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (ah... Corde !! :-( )
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51264 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (a precision to Pr. Tullia)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51265 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (ah... Corde !! :-( , end )
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51266 From: dave bustillos Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51267 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (ah... Corde !! :-( )
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51268 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: a.d. X Kal. Sept.



Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51093 From: Robin Marquardt Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: Seeking William the Conqueror's Decendent's Patrilinial Knowled
Thank you P. Memmius Albucius for your response.
Robino Marcato
Hail Caesar! (Now there's a salute)

----- Original Message ----
From: Publius Memmius Albucius <albucius_aoe@...>
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Wednesday, August 1, 2007 3:31:00 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Seeking William the Conqueror's Decendent's Patrilinial Knowledge


P. Memmius Albucius Robino Marcato s.d.



First, on family lines, specially the one you have attached to your

letter, do not give it too much importance. Such lines seem, as the

one beneath, very fanciful, and published to have us all here get

some relax reading it.



Second, and on a serious level this time, on William the Conqueror,

he is simply the 6th direct descendant of the born in 854 Hrolf,

later called Rollon, who had been banned from Norway and became the

1st duke of Normandy, France.



Third,the origin of your family name, MARQUARDT.



This name comes from Germany, and is made from two Old German parts :

MARK-, which designed the horse, and HARD-, which has roughly the

same meaning as in modern English (severe, harsh, strong, vigorous).

The word MARK- or perhaps MARCOS come probably from the Celts, and

adopted by the Germans.



You still find many MARQUARDT in Germany.



So, your name does not come from Latin.



Vale Robine,



P. Memmius Albucius



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogrou ps.com, Robin Marquardt <remarq777@. ..>

wrote:

>

> Dear Triarius,

> My last name MARQUARDT; I've heard rumors in my family that we are

decedents of certain high profile people; one that the name is Latin,

another that it is from holy blood or blue blood.

> Not to take up too much of your time, do you know anything about

the lineage to the last name?



(..)

> Valle Optime,

> Robin Marquardt

>

> ----- Original Message ----

> From: L. Vitellius Triarius <lucius_vitellius_ triarius@ ...>

> To: Nova-Roma@yahoogrou ps.com

> Sent: Wednesday, April 11, 2007 6:44:42 PM

> Subject: [Nova-Roma] Roman Ancestry





> Salvete gurus of historical research S.P.D.



> Here is one of my family's lines that I have researched to William

the


> Conqueror (my 34th Great-Grandfather. ..it's pretty clear from here

on down). Yes, it DOES include mythology.



> Valid or Invalid? I welcome any critique from our historians, as any

>

> additions, deletions, or corrections will improve the quality of my

> research.



> References are from various sources, from official British

Government

>

> sites to private family sites:
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51094 From: titus.aquila Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Salvete Quirites ! Salvete Romani !

As much as I support a stamp for Nova Roma for advertising , I
still have to ask the question what is more important, a real temple
for the Roman Gods or a stamp ?
It seems that the stamp gets more attention. Is that because it is
an easy to achieve project ? One which can be achieved in short-
term, compared to our projects MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome
which will be long-term investments into the future of Nova Roma ?

There is just a simple question, do we want a real temple for the
Gods in Rome in the eternal City – could there be a more nobler
place - for all of our worldwide citizens ? Or don't we ?

If the answer is yes, let us unite in the common goal to get a
temple for our gods, provide us with your help, ideas and support .

If the answer is no, and we deny a real temple for the Roman Gods,
than we have to decide which way Nova Roma will go.

I have joined Nova Roma - as well as others - for the Religio
Romana, in fact this was one of the main reasons (besides the
interest in the Roman republic and in politics ) to join and I would
like to see our Gods honored in a real temple.

Let's unite all Romans in a common goal, let's give our Gods a
temple in Rome.

I admire Titus Iulius Sabinus and all other Nova Roma citizens who
have worked hard to get the MMP project started and to keep it
alive, but it seems to me that this project is a long-term project
and it is questionable if there ever will be a public worship
possible.

Why not support the project a Temple for the Gods in Rome , here we
have a short- term solution for the public worship. There are
existing temples in Rome which are not in ruins and it seems to be
possible to receive the permission to perform a public worship to
the Roman Gods right there.
Or a parcel of land could be bought in Rome to create a fanum, than
a wooden temple and onwards. It should be possible to have the
temple or fanum by next year ! I am willing to donate for the Temple
for the Gods project and so I know others will.

There is Italian support for our project and Nova Roma will receive
a worldwide publicity.

So let's go for both projects, the Temple for the Gods and the Magna
Mater Project, one short- term and the other one as a long-term
project.

I call upon you once again Quirites , please support us with your
ideas, help and your encouragement to achieve our goal, the first
real temple for worshipping of the Roman Gods in Rome in 1600 years
and strengthen the pact with our Gods.

Marca Hortensia Maior I thank you very much for your support !

It is our aim to present to the Patres et conscripti our project
proposal for the Temple of the Gods in Rome within the next senate
session.

May Dii Immortales grant the Senate & People of Nova Roma all
strength and wisdom to favor our projects.

Valete optime
Diis bene iuvantibus sumus

Titus Flavius Aquila
Civis Provinciae Germaniae
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51095 From: Annia Minucia Marcella Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Salve,

I don't see why it's a matter of one or the other. If you're for the stamps you're against the MMP? Why can't we do both? Why can't we use the stamps as a way to build support for the MMP?

Vale,

Annia Minucia Marcella
http://minucia.ciarin.com
http://novabritannia.org


----- Original Message -----
From: titus.aquila
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Wednesday, August 01, 2007 3:57 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects


Salvete Quirites ! Salvete Romani !

As much as I support a stamp for Nova Roma for advertising , I
still have to ask the question what is more important, a real temple
for the Roman Gods or a stamp ?

Recent Activity
a.. 2New Members
b.. 1New Photos
Visit Your Group
SPONSORED LINKS
a.. Fall of the roman empire
b.. The roman empire
c.. Roman empire
d.. Roman empire coin
e.. Ancient history
Yahoo! News
Fashion News

What's the word on

fashion and style?

Yahoo! 360°
Start Today

Get your own

place online

Biz Resources
Y! Small Business

Articles, tools,

forms, and more.
.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51096 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Salvete,

I already suggested using the stamps for this. I also
don't see it as an either/or issue.


--- Annia Minucia Marcella <annia@...> wrote:

> Salve,
>
> I don't see why it's a matter of one or the other.
> If you're for the stamps you're against the MMP? Why
> can't we do both? Why can't we use the stamps as a
> way to build support for the MMP?
>
> Vale,
>
> Annia Minucia Marcella
> http://minucia.ciarin.com
> http://novabritannia.org
>
>
> ----- Original Message -----
> From: titus.aquila
> To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Wednesday, August 01, 2007 3:57 AM
> Subject: [Nova-Roma] MMP and A Temple for the Gods
> in Rome projects
>
>
> Salvete Quirites ! Salvete Romani !
>
> As much as I support a stamp for Nova Roma for
> advertising , I
> still have to ask the question what is more
> important, a real temple
> for the Roman Gods or a stamp ?
>
> Recent Activity
> a.. 2New Members
> b.. 1New Photos
> Visit Your Group
> SPONSORED LINKS
> a.. Fall of the roman empire
> b.. The roman empire
> c.. Roman empire
> d.. Roman empire coin
> e.. Ancient history
> Yahoo! News
> Fashion News
>
> What's the word on
>
> fashion and style?
>
> Yahoo! 360°
> Start Today
>
> Get your own
>
> place online
>
> Biz Resources
> Y! Small Business
>
> Articles, tools,
>
> forms, and more.
> .
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been
> removed]
>
>


A. Sempronius Regulus

America Austrorientalis


Vincit qui se vincit. - Seneca
Vivere disce, cogita mori. - Cicero
Ubi spiritus est cantus est. - Sempronius Atratinus

ANNI MMDCCLX AVC (anno urbis conditae - a.u.c.)






____________________________________________________________________________________
Building a website is a piece of cake. Yahoo! Small Business gives you all the tools to get online.
http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/webhosting
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51097 From: Gaius Marcius Crispus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: MMP and A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Salvete omnes

I agree that it should not be a question of one project or another, and
doing nothing is not an option if we are to get anywhere.

I have just sent $10 to the MMP fund.

I would also be happy to lend support to any other project.

Valete optime

C Marcius Crispus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51098 From: Titus Arminius Genialis Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Temple vs stamps + Southern Hemisphere
Salvete Marcella et omnes

We don't need to keep waiting for the "long term" projects to be possible...
We can save funds for the Temple and any other future plans, but we can also
spend a little bit in "short term", present projects.

No body can live only thinking in the future... We all need some serotonin
for now!

Still, I agree with Marcella and I think these 'serononin' will not give me
much excitement as both the stamps and the Temple are in the other
hemisphere.

This is why we need to take part of local projects. Perhaps citizens in the
Southern Hemisphere could get together for a parallel Temple-like project.
What do you, Romans from the South, think?

Valete bene

TITUS ARMINIUS GENIALIS
Legatus Pro Praetore Provinciae Brasiliae
Interpres Linguae Lusitanicae
Scriba Censoris
Scriba Praetoris
tagenialis@...



> -----Mensagem original-----
> De: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> [mailto:Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com] Em nome de annia@...
> Enviada em: terça-feira, 31 de julho de 2007 19:39
> Para: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Assunto: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: MMP report. & Temple for the Gods....
>
> Salve!
>
> This America is interested in both stamps and temples, but
> which one is more readily accomplished? It's hard to get
> excited over long term projects especially when the project
> isn't in the same hemisphere.
>
> btw, I've donated to the MMP, and I will continue to donate
> when I have the spare funds.
>
> Vale,
>
> Annia Minucia Marcella
> http://minucia.ciarin.com
> http://novabritannia.org
>
> > -M. Hortensia T. Iulio spd;
> > It wonderful to read what progress has been done on the
> > Magna Mater Project, my congratulations Sabine, for all your follow
> > through & hard work.
> > I notice and so has Aquila that there seems to be
> very little
> > interest not only in this splendid project but the great temple for
> > the gods in Rome. But there is tons for a stamp.
> > Are North Americans so uninterested in partipating
> in European
> > activities that we see 0 to 1 interest in real life buildings & 9
> > interest in a postage stamp? I really wonder & find it troubling.
> > I hope I am wrong.
> > M. Hortensia Maior
> > producer 'Vox Romana' podcast website address is
> > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . address for RSS
> syndication is
> > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .
> >
> >
> >> - official website - DONE:
> >> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/home.php
> >>
> >> - material to promote this project (leaflets publications, DVD
> > with
> >> topographical introduction to the location, archaeological remains
> >> and evidences, history of the Sanctuary of the Cult of
> Cybele in Rome
> >> - DONE: t-shirts and business cards to promote the project:
> >> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/News.php?ID=14
> >>
> >> - a six-month scholarship for a student of the University of Rome -
> >
> >> NOT DONE, because the donations low level in comparission with the
> >> costs for scholarship.
> >>
> >> C.WHAT IS THE RETURN ON THIS INVESTMENT? WHY IS THE MAGNA MATER
> >> PROJECT SO IMPORTANT?
> >>
> >> It is important because it permits NR to spread its name into the
> >> academic world, and provides the mechanism by which we may be
> >> entitled to manage Roman monuments. It's an opportunity to make
> > our
> >> name known in the macronational, physical world, after
> having done so
> >> much in the virtual, electronic world.
> >>
> >> D.WILL NOVA ROMA EVER BE ALLOWED TO HOLD RITUAL THERE TO
> MAGNA MATER?
> >>
> >> Marcus Iulius Perusianus answer:
> >>
> >> A certain number of NR citizens were able to visit the proximity
> > of
> >> the temple this past April, courtesy of a special pass by the
> >> Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma (the entire south-west side of
> >> the Palatine, the Germalus, has been closed for the past
> 5-7 years).
> >> We were accompanied by a guardian for almost the entire
> visit, and at
> >> our tour of the house of Augustus, I guess a very simple
> rite could
> >> have been held. I believe that a longer than 5 minute
> ceremony, with
> >> an attendance of more than 10-15 people,
> > would
> >> hardly be tolerated. I am not talking about 'religious'
> > intolerance;
> >> it is just a question of security. Soprintendenza is working in
> > the
> >> Germalus areas, and it is not easy to attain permission to enter.
> >> Honestly, I think to have a ritual there is currently quite
> >> impossible.
> >>
> >> E.WHAT HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE DO THE TREES CURRENTLY
> GROWING ON TOP OF
> >> THE MM SANCTUARY HOLD? WHY ARE THEY MORE HISTORICALLY
> > IMPORTANT
> >> THAN THE RESTORATION OF ONE OF THE MORE IMPORTANT TEMPLE SITES OF
> >> ROME?
> >>
> >> Marcus Iulius Perusianus answer again:
> >>
> >> I have asked this of the manager of the Palatine ruins.
> > Currently,
> >> it is deemed a useless effort to cut these environmentally and
> >> historically protected trees, as the only part of the structure
> >> remaining is the basement of the temple (not considering the short
> >> remains of a couple of columns). We won't have a better view of
> > the
> >> bricks with the presence of these trees, which have been there for
> >> some centuries. The general guidelines of the Soprintendenza
> >> Archeologica di Roma is to maintain the monuments as they
> > are,unless
> >> there is original material of the structure to position in their
> >> respective places. And, even when these materials are found, it
> >> takes a lot of time to study exactly where they fit. It is a
> > matter
> >> of academic official opinion that not a single reconstruction
> > effort
> >> can be made without appropriate archaeological evidence to support
> >> such action.
> >>
> >> I want to point out A in conection with C:
> >>
> >> Quirites, the ultimate project goal, the MM temple restoration is
> >> indeed very long term, because various reason, from all of them,
> > the
> >> financial one, being the first. Take a look to the status of the
> >> project:
> >> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/status.htm
> >> We must see this goal as something which can be done in the future
> >> and until then to pay attention to the necessary steps to do that.
> >> The connection with the academic world is one of the most
> > important
> >> point in this moment. We have the website and thanks to you, the
> >> project investors, we have some money! Not so much, but enough to
> >> start to think to a collaboration. What it means that? It means
> > that
> >> we must find a solution to promote the project outside Nova Roma.
> > To
> >> promote the project outside NR is the only way to grow our level,
> > to
> >> acquire the others trusts in our proposals.
> >> MMP Collegium will start in September to find a solution in this
> > way.
> >>
> >> 2.Magna Mater Project Fundraising.
> >>
> >> The project balance in this moment is: 3679.77 USD and 11 Euro.
> >> If last year I reported a development with 30% of the fund, in
> > this
> >> moment I want to say that we are to the same level as of the
> >> beginning of the year.
> >> Some of us participated and their names are here to the investor's
> >> page:
> >> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/investors.htm
> >> This project can be sustained with your effort. We really need
> > your
> >> donations because in fact, they represent your trust for project!
> >> All that donations represent, as is said in the project
> support first
> >> paragraph:
> >> "many small stones together exist and create great temples"
> >> "many small coins combined provide a treasury of Support for the
> >> Magna Mater Project venture"
> >> Visit the support page of the project:
> >> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/support.htm
> >> And become an investor for the Magna Mater Project!
> >>
> >> Help with the fundraising campaign joining to the fundraising
> > group!
> >> If you are available and you want to work in our team don't
> > hesitate
> >> to write me privately at: iulius_sabinus@...
> >> You will receive soon an invitation!
> >> We are honored to announce that Arnamentia Moravia Aurelia joined
> > us
> >> and with this occasion the MMP Collegium want to thanks her for
> >> dedication to the project.
> >>
> >> 3. This year activities are directed to:
> >> - MM DVD = only one video file is necessary.
> >> - MMP medallion = to produce one medallion in order to be
> > presented
> >> to the Senate.
> >> - to increase the fundraising campaign level.
> >> - to create the necessary premises for the e-commerce part of the
> >> project.
> >>
> >> 4. MMP Collegium is composed of:
> >> - Franciscus Apulus Caesar - Editorial assistant.
> >> - Pompeia Minucia Strabo - Fundraising assistant.
> >> - Caius Curius Saturninus - Producer assistant.
> >> - Marcus Moravius Horatianus Piscinus - Religious assistant.
> >> - Marcus Lucretius Agricola - Wiki assistant.
> >> - Publius Memmius Albucius - Juridical assistant.
> >> - Gnaeus Equitius Marinus - Historical assistant.
> >> - Caeso Fabio Buteo Quintilianus - Historical assistant.
> >> - Gnaeus Iulius Caesar - Historical assistant.
> >> - Marcus Iulius Perusianus - Historical assistant.
> >>
> >> Magna Mater Project is presented to wiki:
> >> http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Magna_Mater_project
> >> and in "Magna Mater in Nova Roma" links section.
> >>
> >> For donations visit this page:
> >> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/support.htm
> >>
> >> Thank you.
> >>
> >> VALETE,
> >> IVL SABINVS
> >> Project Coordinator.
> >>
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>
> No virus found in this incoming message.
> Checked by AVG Free Edition.
> Version: 7.5.476 / Virus Database: 269.11.0/929 - Release
> Date: 31/07/2007 17:26
>
>

No virus found in this outgoing message.
Checked by AVG Free Edition.
Version: 7.5.476 / Virus Database: 269.11.0/929 - Release Date: 31/07/2007
17:26
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51099 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: How to buld a Temple Cheap/wasRe: [Nova-Roma] Temple vs stamps + So
Salvete,

If one owns land, a small classic-style temple is not
too expensive to build. Pricy for an individual but
affordable for a group is a mausoleum that will not be
used for burial. Almost half the cost of mausoleams is
burial specs, cementary plot fees and permits. If it
is not going to be used for burial or placed in a
cementary, the costs drop by almost half. Next and
cheaper is buying architectural columns and
porticos(stone, poly stone/marble, synthetic stone,
fiberglass, glass fiber reinforced gypsum,
architectural urethane or wood) from a home supplier,
lay your own concrete foundation and build a wooden
structure. I'm in the process now.




--- Titus Arminius Genialis <tagenialis@...>
wrote:

> Salvete Marcella et omnes
>
> We don't need to keep waiting for the "long term"
> projects to be possible...
> We can save funds for the Temple and any other
> future plans, but we can also
> spend a little bit in "short term", present
> projects.
>
> No body can live only thinking in the future... We
> all need some serotonin
> for now!
>
> Still, I agree with Marcella and I think these
> 'serononin' will not give me
> much excitement as both the stamps and the Temple
> are in the other
> hemisphere.
>
> This is why we need to take part of local projects.
> Perhaps citizens in the
> Southern Hemisphere could get together for a
> parallel Temple-like project.
> What do you, Romans from the South, think?
>
> Valete bene
>
> TITUS ARMINIUS GENIALIS
> Legatus Pro Praetore Provinciae Brasiliae
> Interpres Linguae Lusitanicae
> Scriba Censoris
> Scriba Praetoris
> tagenialis@...
>
>
>
> > -----Mensagem original-----
> > De: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> > [mailto:Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com] Em nome de
> annia@...
> > Enviada em: terça-feira, 31 de julho de 2007 19:39
> > Para: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> > Assunto: Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: MMP report. & Temple
> for the Gods....
> >
> > Salve!
> >
> > This America is interested in both stamps and
> temples, but
> > which one is more readily accomplished? It's hard
> to get
> > excited over long term projects especially when
> the project
> > isn't in the same hemisphere.
> >
> > btw, I've donated to the MMP, and I will continue
> to donate
> > when I have the spare funds.
> >
> > Vale,
> >
> > Annia Minucia Marcella
> > http://minucia.ciarin.com
> > http://novabritannia.org
> >
> > > -M. Hortensia T. Iulio spd;
> > > It wonderful to read what progress has
> been done on the
> > > Magna Mater Project, my congratulations Sabine,
> for all your follow
> > > through & hard work.
> > > I notice and so has Aquila that there
> seems to be
> > very little
> > > interest not only in this splendid project but
> the great temple for
> > > the gods in Rome. But there is tons for a stamp.
> > > Are North Americans so uninterested in
> partipating
> > in European
> > > activities that we see 0 to 1 interest in real
> life buildings & 9
> > > interest in a postage stamp? I really wonder &
> find it troubling.
> > > I hope I am wrong.
> > > M. Hortensia Maior
> > > producer 'Vox Romana' podcast
> website address is
> > > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . address
> for RSS
> > syndication is
> > > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml
> .
> > >
> > >
> > >> - official website - DONE:
> > >> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/home.php
> > >>
> > >> - material to promote this project (leaflets
> publications, DVD
> > > with
> > >> topographical introduction to the location,
> archaeological remains
> > >> and evidences, history of the Sanctuary of the
> Cult of
> > Cybele in Rome
> > >> - DONE: t-shirts and business cards to promote
> the project:
> > >>
> http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/News.php?ID=14
> > >>
> > >> - a six-month scholarship for a student of the
> University of Rome -
> > >
> > >> NOT DONE, because the donations low level in
> comparission with the
> > >> costs for scholarship.
> > >>
> > >> C.WHAT IS THE RETURN ON THIS INVESTMENT? WHY
> IS THE MAGNA MATER
> > >> PROJECT SO IMPORTANT?
> > >>
> > >> It is important because it permits NR to spread
> its name into the
> > >> academic world, and provides the mechanism by
> which we may be
> > >> entitled to manage Roman monuments. It's an
> opportunity to make
> > > our
> > >> name known in the macronational, physical
> world, after
> > having done so
> > >> much in the virtual, electronic world.
> > >>
> > >> D.WILL NOVA ROMA EVER BE ALLOWED TO HOLD RITUAL
> THERE TO
> > MAGNA MATER?
> > >>
> > >> Marcus Iulius Perusianus answer:
> > >>
> > >> A certain number of NR citizens were able to
> visit the proximity
> > > of
> > >> the temple this past April, courtesy of a
> special pass by the
> > >> Soprintendenza Archeologica di Roma (the entire
> south-west side of
> > >> the Palatine, the Germalus, has been closed for
> the past
> > 5-7 years).
> > >> We were accompanied by a guardian for almost
> the entire
> > visit, and at
> > >> our tour of the house of Augustus, I guess a
> very simple
> > rite could
> > >> have been held. I believe that a longer than 5
> minute
> > ceremony, with
> > >> an attendance of more than 10-15 people,
> > > would
> > >> hardly be tolerated. I am not talking about
> 'religious'
> > > intolerance;
> > >> it is just a question of security.
> Soprintendenza is working in
> > > the
> > >> Germalus areas, and it is not easy to attain
> permission to enter.
> > >> Honestly, I think to have a ritual there is
> currently quite
> > >> impossible.
> > >>
> > >> E.WHAT HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE DO THE TREES
> CURRENTLY
> > GROWING ON TOP OF
> > >> THE MM SANCTUARY HOLD? WHY ARE THEY MORE
> HISTORICALLY
> > > IMPORTANT
> > >> THAN THE RESTORATION OF ONE OF THE MORE
> IMPORTANT TEMPLE SITES OF
> > >> ROME?
> > >>
> > >> Marcus Iulius Perusianus answer again:
> > >>
> > >> I have asked this of the manager of the
> Palatine ruins.
> > > Currently,
> > >> it is deemed a useless effort to cut these
> environmentally and
> > >> historically protected trees, as the only part
> of the structure
> > >> remaining is the basement of the temple (not
> considering the short
> > >> remains of a couple of columns). We won't have
> a better view of
> > > the
> > >> bricks with the presence of these trees, which
> have been there for
> > >> some centuries. The general guidelines of the
> Soprintendenza
> > >> Archeologica di Roma is to maintain the
> monuments as they
> > > are,unless
> > >> there is original material of the structure to
> position in their
> > >> respective places. And, even when these
> materials are found, it
> > >> takes a lot of time to study exactly where they
> fit. It is a
> > > matter
> > >> of academic official opinion that not a single
> reconstruction
> > > effort
> > >> can be made without appropriate archaeological
> evidence to support
> > >> such action.
> > >>
> > >> I want to point out A in conection with C:
> > >>
> > >> Quirites, the ultimate project goal, the MM
> temple restoration is
> > >> indeed very long term, because various reason,
> from all of them,
> > > the
> > >> financial one, being the first. Take a look to
> the status of the
> > >> project:
> > >>
>
http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/status.htm
> > >> We must see this goal as something which can be
> done in the future
> > >> and until then to pay attention to the
> necessary steps to do that.
> > >> The connection with the academic world is one
> of the most
> > > important
> > >> point in this moment. We have the website and
> thanks to you, the
> > >> project investors, we have some money! Not so
> much, but enough to
> > >> start to think to a collaboration. What it
> means that? It means
> > > that
> > >> we must find a solution to promote the project
> outside Nova Roma.
> > > To
> > >> promote the project outside NR is the only way
> to grow our level,
> > > to
> > >> acquire the others trusts in our proposals.
> > >> MMP Collegium will start in September to find a
> solution in this
> > > way.
> > >>
> > >> 2.Magna Mater Project Fundraising.
> > >>
> > >> The project balance in this moment is: 3679.77
> USD and 11 Euro.
> > >> If last year I reported a development with 30%
> of the fund, in
> > > this
> > >> moment I want to say that we are to the same
> level as of the
> > >> beginning of the year.
> > >> Some of us participated and their names are
> here to the investor's
> > >> page:
> > >>
>
http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/investors.htm
> > >> This project can be sustained with your effort.
> We really need
> > > your
> > >> donations because in fact, they represent your
> trust for project!
> > >> All that donations represent, as is said in the
> project
> > support first
> > >> paragraph:
> > >> "many small stones together exist and create
> great temples"
> > >> "many small coins combined provide a treasury
> of Support for the
> > >> Magna Mater Project venture"
> > >> Visit the support page of the project:
> > >>
>
http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/support.htm
> > >> And become an investor for the Magna Mater
> Project!
> > >>
> > >> Help with the fundraising campaign joining to
> the fundraising
> > > group!
> > >> If you are available and you want to work in
> our team don't
> > > hesitate
> > >> to write me privately at: iulius_sabinus@...
> > >> You will receive soon an invitation!
> > >> We are honored to announce that Arnamentia
> Moravia Aurelia joined
> > > us
> > >> and with this occasion the MMP Collegium want
> to thanks her for
> > >> dedication to the project.
> > >>
> > >> 3. This year activities are directed to:
> > >> - MM DVD = only one video file is necessary.
> > >> - MMP medallion = to produce one medallion in
> order to be
> > > presented
> > >> to the Senate.
> > >> - to increase the fundraising campaign level.
> > >> - to create the necessary premises for the
> e-commerce part of the
> > >> project.
> > >>
> > >> 4. MMP Collegium is composed of:
> > >> - Franciscus Apulus Caesar - Editorial
> assistant.
> > >> - Pompeia Minucia Strabo - Fundraising
> assistant.
> > >> - Caius Curius Saturninus - Producer assistant.
> > >> - Marcus Moravius Horatianus Piscinus -
> Religious assistant.
> > >> - Marcus Lucretius Agricola - Wiki assistant.
> > >> - Publius Memmius Albucius - Juridical
> assistant.
> > >> - Gnaeus Equitius Marinus - Historical
> assistant.
> > >> - Caeso Fabio Buteo Quintilianus - Historical
> assistant.
> > >> - Gnaeus Iulius Caesar - Historical assistant.
> > >> - Marcus Iulius Perusianus - Historical
> assistant.
> > >>
> > >> Magna Mater Project is presented to wiki:
> > >> http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Magna_Mater_project
> > >> and in "Magna Mater in Nova Roma" links
> section.
> > >>
> > >> For donations visit this page:
> > >>
>
http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/project/support.htm
> > >>
> > >> Thank you.
> > >>
> > >> VALETE,
> > >> IVL SABINVS
> > >> Project Coordinator.
> > >>
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > Yahoo! Groups Links
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > No virus found in this incoming message.
> > Checked by AVG Free Edition.
> > Version: 7.5.476 / Virus Database: 269.11.0/929 -
> Release
> > Date: 31/07/2007 17:26
> >
> >
>
> No virus found in this outgoing message.
> Checked by AVG Free Edition.
> Version: 7.5.476 / Virus Database: 269.11.0/929 -
> Release Date: 31/07/2007
> 17:26
>
>
>


A. Sempronius Regulus

America Austrorientalis


Vincit qui se vincit. - Seneca
Vivere disce, cogita mori. - Cicero
Ubi spiritus est cantus est. - Sempronius Atratinus

ANNI MMDCCLX AVC (anno urbis conditae - a.u.c.)






____________________________________________________________________________________
Pinpoint customers who are looking for what you sell.
http://searchmarketing.yahoo.com/
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51100 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: California Provincia Progress Report
Salvete onmes,

In early February, as the request of Tiberius Galerius Paulinus, I
turned my attention to taking an active role in the affairs of
California Provincia. This report recounts my activities through
July, a period of about six months, nearly all of that time in the
capacity of a private citizen.

In late February, I undertook a re-engineering and update of the
California Provincia website (see
<http://www.angelfire.com/empire/martiana/provincia/index.html>). The
website links to five Yahoo Groups, the websites of all three
California legiones, and two California online temples. I will
continue to update the website as required. Hopefully, ideas on
enriching the content of the website will be generated as more people
join the CaliforniaRomana group.

Our most urgent problem was to get control of our communication
system. The CaliforniaNovaRoma Yahoo Group had been created by Lucius
Cornelius Sulla in 2000. Sulla's departure had left the group
without an active owner, and three-quarters of the approximately 50
subscribed email addresses were bouncing. Worse still, the group had
been infiltrated by several prolific spammers. In consultation with
Quintus Fabius Maximus, I created a new CaliforniaRomana group in
early March, with Fabius as co-owner. Within a few days, all active
members of the old group, about twelve in number, subscribed to the
new group. Moreover, in the course of the next several months, I
reached out to the three California legiones, VI Victrix, IX
Hispania, and X Fretensis Cohors IV, as well as to the Julio-Claudian
Iconographic Association. Increase in membership of the
CaliforniaRomana group has been steady (see
<http://www.angelfire.com/empire/martiana/provincia/members.gif>). As
of the end of July, the new group nearly tripled its membership to
34, comprising the following affiliations:

5 Independent
4 Julio-Claudian Iconographic Association
4 Legio VI Victrix
2 Legio IX Hispania
2 Legio X Fretensis Cohors IV
17 Nova Roma
1 Unknown

Another metric of success regarding the revival of romanitas in
California is the amount of message traffic of the past six months in
comparison with the previous year (see
<http://www.angelfire.com/empire/martiana/provincia/traffic06-07.gif>).
For the 13-month period from January 2006 through January 2007, the
average traffic (omitting spammers) was 1.7 messages per month;
whereas, during the past six months (February through July 2007), the
average has been 32 messages per month, a eighteen-fold
increase. Indeed, the year-to-date traffic of 192 messages exceeds
the previous five years combined (137 messages), and is nearly double
the previous record of 104 messages in a calendar year, set in 2001
(see <http://www.angelfire.com/empire/martiana/provincia/traffic06-07.gif>)

The new Yahoo website is also a coordinating tool. The calendar is
kept up to date with scheduled local events, and automatic reminder
messages are sent to group members. In another effort to increase
interest in romanitas in general and in California Provincia in
particular, I am fostering a contest to select a new official logo
for the provincia. Design entries are posted on the Yahoo site, and
after the closing date, voting on them will be via the Yahoo Group
polling function.

An effort in April to put together a Roman gathering at the Getty
Villa in Malibu failed. Probably this was due in part to scheduling
it on a Monday afternoon, rather than on a weekend. It is also true
that there were only 15 members of the new Yahoo group at that time,
whereas a future call for such a gathering will reach several times
as many people. I believe that this splendid venue, a recreation of
a Campanian villa that houses one of the world's great collections of
Roman art, is a natural one for southern California Romans, and I
will look for future opportunities to foster gatherings at this location.

In recent days, I initiated a discussion on planning a reenactment
event in northern California including the three legiones and
citizens of Nova Roma. This discussion is only in its early stages,
but it opens the possibility of establishing an annual event,
starting in 2008, possibly at a winery in one of the northern San
Francisco Bay Area counties, of similar scope to legion participation
in Old Fort MacArthur Days in the Los Angeles area. At this early
stage, I am pleased to see that the direction of this project is
being determined through a process of consensus. A number of people
are bringing good ideas to the table; the more stakeholders that buy
into the plan, the stronger the end result will be.

A great deal of work remains ahead, but all trends are
positive. California is coming back. There will be more progress to
report later in the year as we put together a management team with
better local contacts. However, it cannot be stressed too strongly
that what has been accomplished in the past six months would not have
been possible without the advice and network of contacts of Quintus
Fabius Maximus, and it is my opinion that Fabius should be restored
as governor of California.

Optime valete,
M. Martianius Gangalius
Legatus Consularis


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51101 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Kal. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est Kalendis Sextiliis; haec dies fastus est.

"The Sun with sultry Sirius now doth rise
And Jove's red lightning flashes from the skies:
The angry gods heaven's arm'ry open flings,
And whizzing bolts ride forth on burning wings." - Anson Allen,
"Newtonian Reflector" (AD 1825)

"Whereas the Emperor Augustus Caesar, in the month of
Sextillis...thrice entered the city in triumph...and in the same month
Egypt was brought under the authority of the Roman people, and in the
same month an end was put to the civil wars; and whereas for these
reasons the said month is, and has been, most fortunate to this
empire, it is hereby decreed by the senate that the said month shall
be called Augustus."

On this day, temples were dedicated to Spes, the Victories, and Mars
Ultor.

"The woman [Pandora], with her hands lifting away the lid from the
great jar, scattered its contents, and her design was sad troubles for
mankind. Elpis (Hope) was the only spirit that stayed there in the
unbreakable closure of the jar, under its rim, and could not fly forth
abroad, for the lid of the great jar closed down first and contained
her; this was by the will of cloud-gathering Zeus of the aegis." -
Hesiod, Works and Days

"Elpis (Hope) is the only good god remaining among mankind; the others
have left and gone to Olympos. Pistis (Trust), a mighty god has gone,
Sophrosyne (Restraint) has gone from men, and the Kharites, my friend,
have abandoned the earth. Men's judicial oaths are no longer to be
trusted, nor does anyone revere the immortal gods; the race of pious
men has perished and men no longer recognize the rules of conduct or
acts of piety. But as long as man lives and sees the light of the sun,
let him show piety to the gods and count on Elpis (Hope). Let him pray
to the gods and burn splendid thigh bones, sacrificing to Elpis (Hope)
first and last." - Greek Elegaic Theognis, Frag 1.1135

Spes is the goddess of hope. She was traditionally defined as "the
last goddess" (Spes, ultima dea), meaning that hope is the last
resource available to men. Her temple was in the Forum Holitorium. In
art, Spes was depicted hitching her skirt while holding a cornucopia
and flowers. Spes personified hope for good harvests, and for
children, and was invoked at births, marriages, and other important
times. Her Greek equivalent is Elpis.


The Temple of Mars Ultor (the Avenger) was built by the Emperor
Augustus for a variety of reasons. Of course it served as the focal
point of his forum, located in the centrally and the rear (following
the example set by Iulius Caesar with his Temple of Venus Genetrix)
and closing off the space at the back of the forum in this manner
blocked the view of the Roman tenements.

But the reasons for this temple go far beyond the practical ones. By
making his temple to Mars the Avenger, Augustus pointedly reminded the
Roman people of that he had avenged the death of Iulius Caesar who had
recently been canonized by the Roman Senate. He also reminded the
Senate and the People that he stuck his oath before the battle of
Actium, remaining faithful to the Roman religion; he clearly believed
in the Roman Virtues, especially Pietas, Gravitas, and Dignitas. These
blunt statements made by Augustus in the temple gave himself a
glorified and deified ancestry, characteristics, and persona, all
suggesting his own worthiness as an Imperator and a potential deity.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Hesiod, Theognis, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51102 From: M·CVR·COMPLVTENSIS Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: ABSENTIA
Salvete omnes

from tomorrow until August 20th I will be absent from Nova Roma.

Valete

M·CVRIATIVS·COMPLVTENSIS
TRIBVNVS PLEBIS
PROPRAETOR HISPANIAE
SCRIBA CENSORIS GFBM
NOVA ROMA

-------------------------------------------

ex paucis multa, ex minimis maxima
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51103 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: MMP and ideas.
SALVETE!

My recommendation for some people from this list is to not try to
connect MMP with other things.
MMP is an official project of the State, approved by Senate. MMP has
a definite program and a Collegium nominated to analyze and take
decisions.
MMP Collegium mission is to CONTINUE the past years work. The goals
of the project are:

1. Official Website
DONE.

2. Material to promote this Project:
- leaflets: DONE.
- publications: Piscinus' research about MM Latin inscriptions
around the world: work in progress but more than 80% finished.
-business cards: DONE.
-DVD: the first priority of this year! One video file is needed and
the DVD is ready.

3. A 6-month scholarship for a student of the University of Rome.
It's early to talk about that – because financial reasons- but MMP
Collegium will discuss in the second part of the year about a
realistic strategy and will present it to the Senate.

4. I added the MMP medallion but this is not a priority. Anyway one
medallion will be produced this year in Dacia and it will be
presented to the Senate.

Each project needs a long term goal. In order to accomplish this
long term goal some intermediate steps are necessary. That is what
MMP Collegium is doing now: it works to that intermediate steps. As
always MMP Collegium has a positive attitude to suggestions and
recommendations but is more than grateful to those who want to
dedicate their time and energy to contribute to the project
effective and practical development.

VALETE,
IVL SABINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51104 From: iulius sabinus Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: MMP
SALVE MARCI CRISPE!

Thank you for donation. You honored MMP with your dedication. Your name will be added to the investors page.

VALE BENE,
IVL SABINVS

Gaius Marcius Crispus <jbshr1pwa@...> wrote:
Salvete omnes

I agree that it should not be a question of one project or another, and
doing nothing is not an option if we are to get anywhere.

I have just sent $10 to the MMP fund.

I would also be happy to lend support to any other project.

Valete optime

C Marcius Crispus






"Every individual is the architect of his own fortune" - Appius Claudius





---------------------------------
Got a little couch potato?
Check out fun summer activities for kids.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51105 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
M. Hortensia T. Flavio Quiritibus spd;
I have been reading the NRItali list recently & they are
finally starting to talk about the cultus deorum, this project has
sparked pride & real interest.
Cives complain, NR is just internet etc...well here is a
real project. If the Greeks managed to get the authorities of Greece
to let them use a state-owned temple, it must be easier in Rome as
the city sponsored a neo-pagan summer solstice festival. Wonderful.

And below is a link to our Greek cousins from YSEE having ritual in
Southern Italy

http://www.ysee.gr/index.php?type=d&f=sikelia07

This could be us in Rome.
I would expect all our religious officials to support this fantastic
project. I'm helping Aquila with the charter so we may submit it to
the Senate.
Actions not Words!
M. Hortensia Maior
producer 'Vox Romana'
website address is http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . The
address for RSS syndication is
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .

'Temple for the Gods' project!


> There is just a simple question, do we want a real temple for the
> Gods in Rome in the eternal City – could there be a more nobler
> place - for all of our worldwide citizens ? Or don't we ?
>
> If the answer is yes, let us unite in the common goal to get a
> temple for our gods, provide us with your help, ideas and support .
>
> If the answer is no, and we deny a real temple for the Roman Gods,
> than we have to decide which way Nova Roma will go.
>
> I have joined Nova Roma - as well as others - for the Religio
> Romana, in fact this was one of the main reasons (besides the
> interest in the Roman republic and in politics ) to join and I
would
> like to see our Gods honored in a real temple.
>
> Let's unite all Romans in a common goal, let's give our Gods a
> temple in Rome.
>
> I admire Titus Iulius Sabinus and all other Nova Roma citizens who
> have worked hard to get the MMP project started and to keep it
> alive, but it seems to me that this project is a long-term project
> and it is questionable if there ever will be a public worship
> possible.
>
> Why not support the project a Temple for the Gods in Rome , here
we
> have a short- term solution for the public worship. There are
> existing temples in Rome which are not in ruins and it seems to be
> possible to receive the permission to perform a public worship to
> the Roman Gods right there.
> Or a parcel of land could be bought in Rome to create a fanum,
than
> a wooden temple and onwards. It should be possible to have the
> temple or fanum by next year ! I am willing to donate for the
Temple
> for the Gods project and so I know others will.
>
> There is Italian support for our project and Nova Roma will
receive
> a worldwide publicity.
>
> So let's go for both projects, the Temple for the Gods and the
Magna
> Mater Project, one short- term and the other one as a long-term
> project.
>
> I call upon you once again Quirites , please support us with your
> ideas, help and your encouragement to achieve our goal, the first
> real temple for worshipping of the Roman Gods in Rome in 1600
years
> and strengthen the pact with our Gods.
>
> Marca Hortensia Maior I thank you very much for your support !
>
> It is our aim to present to the Patres et conscripti our project
> proposal for the Temple of the Gods in Rome within the next senate
> session.
>
> May Dii Immortales grant the Senate & People of Nova Roma all
> strength and wisdom to favor our projects.
>
> Valete optime
> Diis bene iuvantibus sumus
>
> Titus Flavius Aquila
> Civis Provinciae Germaniae
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51106 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Marco Martianio Gangalio salutem dicit

I am interested in seeing the e-mails you sent out as part of your
networking plan. One of those e-mails was forwarded to me and your
treatment of the senate and of Nova Roma was not very good. Is it your plan
to illustrate to non-Nova Romans your disdain for the senate of Nova Roma?
Several senatores, including myself, were planning to gladly support you as
provincial governor until this came to light.

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/1/07, Marcus Martianius Gangalius <marcus@...> wrote:
>
> A great deal of work remains ahead, but all trends are
> positive. California is coming back. There will be more progress to
> report later in the year as we put together a management team with
> better local contacts. However, it cannot be stressed too strongly
> that what has been accomplished in the past six months would not have
> been possible without the advice and network of contacts of Quintus
> Fabius Maximus, and it is my opinion that Fabius should be restored
> as governor of California.
>
> Optime valete,
> M. Martianius Gangalius
> Legatus Consularis
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51107 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-01
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
P. Memmius Albucius Hortensiae s.d.

Interesting idea, which needs a good 'candidacy file' to be backed
up, specially in our Senate.

Good luck to both of you.

Concerning the submission to the Senate, which consul has accepted to
support the project ?

Vale Maior,


P. Memmius Albucius



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia T. Flavio Quiritibus spd;
> I have been reading the NRItali list recently & they
are
> finally starting to talk about the cultus deorum, this project has
> sparked pride & real interest.
> Cives complain, NR is just internet etc...well here is a
> real project. If the Greeks managed to get the authorities of
Greece
> to let them use a state-owned temple, it must be easier in Rome as
> the city sponsored a neo-pagan summer solstice festival. Wonderful.
>
> And below is a link to our Greek cousins from YSEE having ritual in
> Southern Italy
>
> http://www.ysee.gr/index.php?type=d&f=sikelia07
>
> This could be us in Rome.
> I would expect all our religious officials to support this
fantastic
> project. I'm helping Aquila with the charter so we may submit it to
> the Senate.
> Actions not Words!
> M. Hortensia Maior
> producer 'Vox Romana'
> website address is http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . The
> address for RSS syndication is
> http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .
>
> 'Temple for the Gods' project!
>
>
> > There is just a simple question, do we want a real temple for the
> > Gods in Rome in the eternal City – could there be a more nobler
> > place - for all of our worldwide citizens ? Or don't we ?
> >
> > If the answer is yes, let us unite in the common goal to get a
> > temple for our gods, provide us with your help, ideas and
support .
> >
> > If the answer is no, and we deny a real temple for the Roman
Gods,
> > than we have to decide which way Nova Roma will go.
> >
> > I have joined Nova Roma - as well as others - for the Religio
> > Romana, in fact this was one of the main reasons (besides the
> > interest in the Roman republic and in politics ) to join and I
> would
> > like to see our Gods honored in a real temple.
> >
> > Let's unite all Romans in a common goal, let's give our Gods a
> > temple in Rome.
> >
> > I admire Titus Iulius Sabinus and all other Nova Roma citizens
who
> > have worked hard to get the MMP project started and to keep it
> > alive, but it seems to me that this project is a long-term
project
> > and it is questionable if there ever will be a public worship
> > possible.
> >
> > Why not support the project a Temple for the Gods in Rome , here
> we
> > have a short- term solution for the public worship. There are
> > existing temples in Rome which are not in ruins and it seems to
be
> > possible to receive the permission to perform a public worship to
> > the Roman Gods right there.
> > Or a parcel of land could be bought in Rome to create a fanum,
> than
> > a wooden temple and onwards. It should be possible to have the
> > temple or fanum by next year ! I am willing to donate for the
> Temple
> > for the Gods project and so I know others will.
> >
> > There is Italian support for our project and Nova Roma will
> receive
> > a worldwide publicity.
> >
> > So let's go for both projects, the Temple for the Gods and the
> Magna
> > Mater Project, one short- term and the other one as a long-term
> > project.
> >
> > I call upon you once again Quirites , please support us with your
> > ideas, help and your encouragement to achieve our goal, the first
> > real temple for worshipping of the Roman Gods in Rome in 1600
> years
> > and strengthen the pact with our Gods.
> >
> > Marca Hortensia Maior I thank you very much for your support !
> >
> > It is our aim to present to the Patres et conscripti our project
> > proposal for the Temple of the Gods in Rome within the next
senate
> > session.
> >
> > May Dii Immortales grant the Senate & People of Nova Roma all
> > strength and wisdom to favor our projects.
> >
> > Valete optime
> > Diis bene iuvantibus sumus
> >
> > Titus Flavius Aquila
> > Civis Provinciae Germaniae
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51108 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Marcus Martianius Gangalius Gaio Fabio Buteo Modiano salutem dicit

First of all, with due respect, Senator, this sort of public comment
only promotes more discord. I think Nova Roma would be a lot happier
place if we could show that we are working together for the benefit of all.

Secondly, I have no comment on the content of the alleged email
message, as I have no idea to which one you refer. Meanwhile, is it
your position that no one can voice an opinion about the Senate and
Nova Roma other than those that have been approved by the Senate? In
any case, two of the messages I have sent recently are appended to
this message. They serve as the boilerplates for the messages I have
been sending to dozens of people. I don't think they contain
anything that expresses disdain for the Senate or for Nova Roma, and
the facts speak for themselves: people are joining the California
Romana Yahoo Group.

Thirdly, the real issue ought to be the progress that is being made
to revive California Provincia, not my opinion or your opinion or
someone else's opinion. Everyone has one. In my report, I presented
facts. As we say in Los Angeles, let's stick to just the facts.

Finally, if you are genuinely interested in whatever issue you want
to raise, email me privately, and we'll work the problem discretely.

Optime vale,
M. Martianius Gangalius

----------

Salve!

I invite you to join the California Romana YahooGroup, dedicated to
developing romanitas in California. Our members include people from
the reenactment groups Legio VI Victrix, Legio IX Hispania, and Legio
X Fretensis Cohors IV, from the cultural organization Nova Roma, and
from the Julio-Claudian Iconographic Association historical research
group, as well as people independent of any group who are interested
in Roman history and culture. Message traffic is light and variable,
and we're a great place to keep up on Roman events around California.

Optime vale!
Marcus Martianius Gangalius

----------

Hello,

In view of your past association with Nova Roma, I thought you might
like to know that the former proconsul and I are leading an effort to
revive romanitas in California. We invite you to visit our new Yahoo
Group at <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CaliforniaRomana>. We have a
major northern California event in the early planning stage, which
may include Greek and Celtic groups as well as the three California legions.

Warmest regards,
Thomas Gangale


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "David Kling (Modianus)"
<tau.athanasios@...> wrote:
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Marco Martianio Gangalio salutem dicit
>
> I am interested in seeing the e-mails you sent out as part of your
> networking plan. One of those e-mails was forwarded to me and your
> treatment of the senate and of Nova Roma was not very good. Is it your plan
> to illustrate to non-Nova Romans your disdain for the senate of Nova Roma?
> Several senatores, including myself, were planning to gladly support you as
> provincial governor until this came to light.
>
> Vale:
>
> Modianus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51109 From: M. Lucretius Agricola Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Getty dispute (nearly) settled
"(ANSA) - Rome, August 1 - The John Paul Getty Museum has agreed to
return 40 allegedly looted antiquities to Italy including a
5th-century BC statue of Aphrodite, Italian Culture Minister Francesco
Rutelli announced on Wednesday."

The rest here:
http://www.ansa.it/site/notizie/awnplus/english/news/2007-08-01_10192695.html

optime valete

Agricola
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51110 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Marco Martianio Gangalio salutem dicit

You can sugar coat the facts as much as you like. It is obvious that there
is a problem and hiding that problem will not make it go away. The senate
did not prorogue Q. Fabius Maximus as provincial governor, and the senate
did not approve you as the new governor. Consul Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
appointed you as "accensus" over California in opposition to the will of the
senate. These are the facts as I see them. There is no working together,
the will of the senate has been subverted by a consul.

There is a reason why Q. Fabius Maximus was not prorogued and there was a
reason why you were not called as governor. It would be bad form for me to
post the message you sent to a non-NR citizen to this main list, but said
message you sent in efforts to network with other Romans was very critical
of the senate. The senate appoints governors and if you cannot present the
senate in such a light that appears favorable, at least to non-NR citizens,
then you have no place as a governor. You can complain all you want about
the senate to your NR friends and colleagues, we all do that. But how you
present Nova Roma to non-citizens is important. Do not lecture me on
discord, you are your colleague -- Q. Fabius Maximus -- seem to me to be
architects of discord.

Vale:

Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus

On 8/2/07, Marcus Martianius Gangalius <marcus@...> wrote:
>
> Marcus Martianius Gangalius Gaio Fabio Buteo Modiano salutem dicit
>
> First of all, with due respect, Senator, this sort of public comment
> only promotes more discord. I think Nova Roma would be a lot happier
> place if we could show that we are working together for the benefit of
> all.
>
> Secondly, I have no comment on the content of the alleged email
> message, as I have no idea to which one you refer. Meanwhile, is it
> your position that no one can voice an opinion about the Senate and
> Nova Roma other than those that have been approved by the Senate? In
> any case, two of the messages I have sent recently are appended to
> this message. They serve as the boilerplates for the messages I have
> been sending to dozens of people. I don't think they contain
> anything that expresses disdain for the Senate or for Nova Roma, and
> the facts speak for themselves: people are joining the California
> Romana Yahoo Group.
>
> Thirdly, the real issue ought to be the progress that is being made
> to revive California Provincia, not my opinion or your opinion or
> someone else's opinion. Everyone has one. In my report, I presented
> facts. As we say in Los Angeles, let's stick to just the facts.
>
> Finally, if you are genuinely interested in whatever issue you want
> to raise, email me privately, and we'll work the problem discretely.
>
> Optime vale,
> M. Martianius Gangalius
>
>
>
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51111 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: a.d. IV Non. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem IV Nones Sextilis; haec dies fastus est.

"Then there was flight in all directions; 7000 men escaped to the
smaller camp, 10,000 to the larger, and about 2000 to the village of
Cannae. These latter were at once surrounded by Carthalo and his
cavalry, as the village was quite unfortified. The other consul, who
either by accident or design had not joined any of these bodies of
fugitives, escaped with about fifty cavalry to Venusia; 45,500
infantry, 2700 cavalry - almost an equal proportion of Romans and
allies - are said to have been killed. Amongst the number were both
the quaestors attached to the consuls, L. Atilius and L. Furius
Bibulcus, twenty-nine military tribunes, several ex-consuls,
ex-praetors, and ex-aediles (amongst them are included Cn. Servilius
Geminus and M. Minucius, who was Master of the Horse the previous year
and, some years before that, consul), and in addition to these, eighty
men who had either been senators or filled offices qualifying them for
election to the senate and who had volunteered for service with the
legions. The prisoners taken in the battle are stated to have amounted
to 3000 infantry and 1500 cavalry. Never before, while the City
itself was still safe, had there been such excitement and panic within
its walls. I shall not attempt to describe it, nor will I weaken the
reality by going into detailsÂ… it was not wound upon wound but
multiplied disaster that was now announced. For according to the
reports two consular armies and two consuls were lost; there was no
longer any Roman camp, any general, any single soldier in existence;
Apulia, Samnium, almost the whole of Italy lay at Hannibal's feet.
Certainly there is no other nation that would not have succumbed
beneath such a weight of calamity." - Livy, History of Rome XXII.49-50

"Such was the end of the battle of Cannae, in which both sides fought
with the most conspicuous gallantry, the conquered no less than the
conquerors. This is proved by the fact that, out of six thousand
horse, only seventy escaped with Caius Terentius to Venusia, and about
three hundred of the allied cavalry to various towns in the
neighborhood. Of the infantry ten thousand were taken prisoners in
fair fight, but were not actually engaged in the battle: of those who
were actually engaged only about three thousand perhaps escaped to the
towns of the surrounding district; all the rest died nobly, to the
number of seventy thousand, the Carthaginians being on this occasion,
as on previous ones, mainly indebted for their victory to their
superiority in cavalry: a lesson to posterity that in actual war it is
better to have half the number of infantry, and the superiority in
cavalry, than to engage your enemy with an equality in both. On the
side of Hannibal there fell four thousand Celts, fifteen hundred
Iberians and Libyans, and about two hundred horse.

The ten thousand Romans who were captured had not, as I said, been
engaged in the actual battle; and the reason was this. Lucius Aemilius
left ten thousand infantry in his camp that, in case Hannibal should
disregard the safety of his own camp, and take his whole army onto the
field, they might seize the opportunity, while the battle was going
on, of forcing their way in and capturing the enemy's baggage; or if,
on the other hand, Hannibal should, in view of this contingency, leave
a guard in his camp, the number of the enemy in the field might
thereby be diminished. These men were captured in the field in the
following circumstances. Hannibal, as a matter of fact, did leave a
sufficient guard in his camp; and as soon as the battle began, the
Romans, according to their instructions, assaulted and tried to take
those thus left by Hannibal. At first they held their own: but just as
they were beginning to waver, Hannibal, who was by this time gaining a
victory all along the line, came to their relief, and routing the
Romans, shut them up in their own camp; killed two thousand of them;
and took all the rest prisoners. In like manner the Numidian horse
brought in all those who had taken refuge in the various strongholds
about the district, amounting to two thousand of the routed cavalry."
- Polyibius, "The Roman Histories" III.117

Today is the anniversary of the Battle of Cannae, the greatest defeat
Rome ever suffered. The newly elected Roman Consuls, Gaius Terentius
Varro and Lucius Aemilius Paullus, who had both run on a platform of
taking the war to Hannibal, were anxious to begin their tenure with
military achievement. Counter to the delaying tactics of the Dictator
Fabius Maximus, Varro and Paulus immediately formed a large force to
deal with the Carthaginians ravaging southern Italy. While ancient
sources offer conflicting reports, it can be safe to assume that
between the two, Consuls, they levied a force of nearly 80,000 men.

Hannibal meanwhile, still attempting to subvert Roman authority in the
allied areas of Italy, was waiting for the Roman with approximately
40,000 men; Gauls, Carthaginians and Numidian cavalry. Despite the
popular conception that the elephants played a major role in the
campaign, by this time, all of his elephants had died. Hannibal,
despite his numerical inferiority had such an overwhelming strategic
edge, that he was eager to meet the new Roman challenge.
Theoretically, the Roman tactic of crushing Hannibal between two large
armies should have spelled his doom, but Hannibal's brilliance allowed
him to turn the tables once the engagement got under way.

On August 2, 216 BC, in the Apulian plain, near Cannae and near the
mouth of the Aufidus River, the 2 great armies came face to face. The
Consul Varro was in command on the first day for the Romans, as the
consuls alternated commands as they marched. Paullus, it has been
suggested, was opposed to the engagement as it was taking shape, but
regardless still brought his force to bear. The two armies positioned
their lines and soon advanced against one another.

The cavalry was to meet first on the flanks. Hasdrubal, commanding the
Numidians, quickly overpowered the inferior Romans on the right flank
and routed them. Pushing them into the river and scattering any
opposing infantry in his path, Hasdrubal dominated the right flank and
was quickly able to get in the rear of the enemy lines. While the much
superior Numidians dealt quickly with their Roman counterparts, such
was not the case with the infantry.

As Hasdrubal was routing the Roman horse, the mass of infantry on both
sides advanced towards each other in the middle of the field. The
Iberian and Gallic Celts on the Carthaginian side, while fierce, were
no match for Roman armament and close-quartered combat. Initially, the
vast numerical advantage of the Legions pushed deep into the middle of
the Carthaginians. While the Celts were pushed back, they didn't
break, however. They held as firm as they could, while Hasdrubal's
cavalry pushed around to the rear of the enemy and the Carthaginian
infantry held firm on the immediate flanks. The Romans soon found that
their success in the middle was pushing them into a potential
disaster. As they victoriously fought farther into the center of
Hannibal's lines, they were actually walking themselves right into
being completely encircled.

Just as the Romans were on the brink of crushing the enemy center, the
Carthaginian flanks were brought to bear and the pressure pinned in
the Roman advance. Hasdrubals' cavalry completed the circle by forcing
the rear of the Roman line to turn back and form a square. All around,
the massive bulk of the Roman army was forced into confined space.
Hannibal brought his archers and slingers to bear and the result in
the confines was devastating. Unable to continue the original break
through against the Celts in the center of Hannibal's lines, the
Romans were easy prey for the Carthaginians. Hannibal, with complete
fury, encouraged his own men, under fear of the lash, if they weren't
zealous enough in the slaughter.

In the midst of the battle the Consul, Paullus, was wounded (either
early or late depending on Livy or Polybius as the source). He
valiantly attempted to maintain the Roman ranks, though vainly. While
the commander of the day, Varro, fled the battle, Paullus stayed the
course trying to save his army. In the end, it was a terrible
slaughter and Paullus would be dead with the bulk of his men. Romans
trying to escape were hamstrung as they ran, so the Carthaginians
could concentrate on those who were still fighting, but allow time to
return and kill the crippled later. In a fast and furious display of
death, Hannibal ordered his men to stand down only a few short hours
after they originally encircled the enemy.

On a small strip of land where the Romans were bottled up, estimates
as high as 60,000 corpses were piled one on top of another. Another
3,000 Romans were captured and more staggered into villages
surrounding the battlefield. Hannibal, however, still trying to win
the hearts of the Italian Roman allies, once again released the
prisoners, much to the dismay of his commanders. In salute to the
fallen Paullus, Hannibal also honored him with ceremonial rituals in
recognition of his valiant actions.

In the end, perhaps only as many as 15,000 Romans managed to escape
with Varro. These survivors were later reconstituted as two units and
assigned to Sicily for the remainder of the war as punishment for
their loss. Along with Paullus, both of the Quaestors were killed, as
well as 29 out of 48 military tribunes and an additional 80 other
senators (at a time when the Roman Senate was no more than 300 men).
The rings signifying membership in the Senate and from those of
Equestrian (Knight class or the elite class after Patrician) status
were collected from the dead in baskets and later thrown onto the
floor of the Carthaginian Senate in disrespect. In contrast,
Hannibal's losses numbered only between 6,000 and 7,000 men, of whom,
these were mostly his Celtic recruits. Once again Hannibal proved
brilliant in battlefield strategy, using the enemy's tactics against
itself and routing an army twice the size of his own. In less than a
year since the disaster at Trasimenus, the Roman's greatest loss was
in history put the state into a panic. There was nothing keeping
Hannibal from sacking Rome itself at this point, other than Hannibal.
His generals again urged him to not waste any more effort and go for
the final kill, but Hannibal was reluctant. Still believing he
couldn't take Rome itself, he preferred his strategy of pursuing
revolt among the Roman allies.

Despite this tremendous loss, the following defection of many allied
cities, and the declaration of war by Philip of Macedon that was soon
to come, the Romans showed a resiliency that defined them as people.
According to Livy, "No other nation in the world could have suffered
so tremendous a series of disasters and not been overwhelmed." The
truth of that nature was self evident. While some in the Senate, such
as Lucius Caecilius Metellus were ready to abandon the Republic as a
lost cause, others like Scipio propped up the flagging Roman spirit
with encouragement and undying oaths of loyalty to Rome.

Shortly after Cannae, the Romans rallied back, declaring full
mobilization. Another dictator, M. Junius Pera, was elected to
stabilize the Republic. New legions were raised with conscripts from
previous untouched citizen classes. As the land owning population was
heavily diminished by losses to Hannibal, the Romans took advantage of
the masses. Those in debt were released from their obligations,
non-land owners were recruited and even slaves were freed to join the
legions. In so doing, the Romans also refused to pay ransoms to
Hannibal for any captured legionaries who still remained. Hannibal, it
was suggested, lost his spirit, understanding that Rome would rather
sacrifice its own than surrender anything to him. While fortune would
still be with Hannibal for some time, the war of attrition would only
benefit Rome.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Livy, Polybius, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51112 From: Zaheer Abbas Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Support the Magna Mater Project, 7/31/2007, 12:00 pm
_____

From: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com [mailto:Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com]
Sent: Tuesday, July 31, 2007 4:51 PM
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Support the Magna Mater Project, 7/31/2007, 12:00 pm



<http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/yg/img/logo/ma_cal-grp_1.gif>


<http://us.i1.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/i/us/pim/cal/email/gr/cal_em_remind_1.gif
>


Reminder from:



Nova-Roma Yahoo! Group <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/cal>





Title:



Support the Magna Mater Project





Date:



Tuesday July 31, 2007


Time:



12:00 pm - 1:00 pm


Repeats:



This event repeats every month.


Location:



http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Magna_Mater_Project


Notes:



Nova Roma's Magna Mater Project appreciates your support. Give to Magna
Mater today!





Get reminders on your mobile, Yahoo! Messenger, and email.
Edit <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/cal?v=75> reminder options

Copyright C 2007 Yahoo! Inc. <http://www.yahoo.com> All Rights Reserved |
Terms of Service <http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/> | Privacy Policy
<http://privacy.yahoo.com/privacy/us>





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51113 From: Zaheer Abbas Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
_____

From: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com [mailto:Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com] On Behalf
Of Publius Memmius Albucius
Sent: Thursday, August 02, 2007 6:51 AM
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects



P. Memmius Albucius Hortensiae s.d.

Interesting idea, which needs a good 'candidacy file' to be backed
up, specially in our Senate.

Good luck to both of you.

Concerning the submission to the Senate, which consul has accepted to
support the project ?

Vale Maior,

P. Memmius Albucius

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogrou <mailto:Nova-Roma%40yahoogroups.com> ps.com,
"Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia T. Flavio Quiritibus spd;
> I have been reading the NRItali list recently & they
are
> finally starting to talk about the cultus deorum, this project has
> sparked pride & real interest.
> Cives complain, NR is just internet etc...well here is a
> real project. If the Greeks managed to get the authorities of
Greece
> to let them use a state-owned temple, it must be easier in Rome as
> the city sponsored a neo-pagan summer solstice festival. Wonderful.
>
> And below is a link to our Greek cousins from YSEE having ritual in
> Southern Italy
>
> http://www.ysee <http://www.ysee.gr/index.php?type=d&f=sikelia07>
gr/index.php?type=d&f=sikelia07
>
> This could be us in Rome.
> I would expect all our religious officials to support this
fantastic
> project. I'm helping Aquila with the charter so we may submit it to
> the Senate.
> Actions not Words!
> M. Hortensia Maior
> producer 'Vox Romana'
> website address is http://www.insulaum
<http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/> bra.com/voxromana/ . The
> address for RSS syndication is
> http://www.insulaum <http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml>
bra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .
>
> 'Temple for the Gods' project!
>
>
> > There is just a simple question, do we want a real temple for the
> > Gods in Rome in the eternal City – could there be a more nobler
> > place - for all of our worldwide citizens ? Or don't we ?
> >
> > If the answer is yes, let us unite in the common goal to get a
> > temple for our gods, provide us with your help, ideas and
support .
> >
> > If the answer is no, and we deny a real temple for the Roman
Gods,
> > than we have to decide which way Nova Roma will go.
> >
> > I have joined Nova Roma - as well as others - for the Religio
> > Romana, in fact this was one of the main reasons (besides the
> > interest in the Roman republic and in politics ) to join and I
> would
> > like to see our Gods honored in a real temple.
> >
> > Let's unite all Romans in a common goal, let's give our Gods a
> > temple in Rome.
> >
> > I admire Titus Iulius Sabinus and all other Nova Roma citizens
who
> > have worked hard to get the MMP project started and to keep it
> > alive, but it seems to me that this project is a long-term
project
> > and it is questionable if there ever will be a public worship
> > possible.
> >
> > Why not support the project a Temple for the Gods in Rome , here
> we
> > have a short- term solution for the public worship. There are
> > existing temples in Rome which are not in ruins and it seems to
be
> > possible to receive the permission to perform a public worship to
> > the Roman Gods right there.
> > Or a parcel of land could be bought in Rome to create a fanum,
> than
> > a wooden temple and onwards. It should be possible to have the
> > temple or fanum by next year ! I am willing to donate for the
> Temple
> > for the Gods project and so I know others will.
> >
> > There is Italian support for our project and Nova Roma will
> receive
> > a worldwide publicity.
> >
> > So let's go for both projects, the Temple for the Gods and the
> Magna
> > Mater Project, one short- term and the other one as a long-term
> > project.
> >
> > I call upon you once again Quirites , please support us with your
> > ideas, help and your encouragement to achieve our goal, the first
> > real temple for worshipping of the Roman Gods in Rome in 1600
> years
> > and strengthen the pact with our Gods.
> >
> > Marca Hortensia Maior I thank you very much for your support !
> >
> > It is our aim to present to the Patres et conscripti our project
> > proposal for the Temple of the Gods in Rome within the next
senate
> > session.
> >
> > May Dii Immortales grant the Senate & People of Nova Roma all
> > strength and wisdom to favor our projects.
> >
> > Valete optime
> > Diis bene iuvantibus sumus
> >
> > Titus Flavius Aquila
> > Civis Provinciae Germaniae
> >
>





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51114 From: Zaheer Abbas Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
_____

From: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com [mailto:Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com] On Behalf
Of David Kling (Modianus)
Sent: Thursday, August 02, 2007 2:53 AM
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] California Provincia Progress Report



Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Marco Martianio Gangalio salutem dicit

I am interested in seeing the e-mails you sent out as part of your
networking plan. One of those e-mails was forwarded to me and your
treatment of the senate and of Nova Roma was not very good. Is it your plan
to illustrate to non-Nova Romans your disdain for the senate of Nova Roma?
Several senatores, including myself, were planning to gladly support you as
provincial governor until this came to light.

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/1/07, Marcus Martianius Gangalius <marcus@martiana.
<mailto:marcus%40martiana.org> org> wrote:
>
> A great deal of work remains ahead, but all trends are
> positive. California is coming back. There will be more progress to
> report later in the year as we put together a management team with
> better local contacts. However, it cannot be stressed too strongly
> that what has been accomplished in the past six months would not have
> been possible without the advice and network of contacts of Quintus
> Fabius Maximus, and it is my opinion that Fabius should be restored
> as governor of California.
>
> Optime valete,
> M. Martianius Gangalius
> Legatus Consularis
>

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51115 From: os390account Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Salvete,

I read the following:

> In view of your past association with Nova Roma, I thought you might
> like to know that the former proconsul and I are leading an effort
> to revive romanitas in California. We invite you to visit our new
> Yahoo Group at <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CaliforniaRomana>.
> We have a major northern California event in the early planning
> stage, which may include Greek and Celtic groups as well as the
> three California legions.

Interesting. It's very much akin to a recruiter cold-calling his
former employee's list of clients, after having been released and
absconding with the list in an effort to set up a new agency in
direct conflict with the former.

I will not mince words. This letter is NOT an attempt at NovaRoma
revitalization. It IS an attempt to create a new group, where
"romanitas" is merely a component of a new kind of reenactment
society. The inclusion of Greek and Celtic legions up front clearly
demonstrates that this isn't a revitalization of NovaRoma or even
"romanitas."

The tone of the letter also gambles that one of the founders, having
been a former proconsul of NovaRoma, will lend clout to this endeavor,
while also implying that NovaRoma no longer exists in California.

It doesn't bad-mouth NovaRoma per se, but it does imply impotence
and abandonment, and that a new order is forming to fill some
perceived gap.

This letter openly addresses the creation of a new reenactment
society with a Greek part, a Celtic part, and a Roman part. And
it's the Roman part that this letter attempts to address.

It's secession, pure and simple, but it shouldn't be done on the
bones of the living. That lacks dignitas, and is a most disgusting
practice.

Shocked & Dismayed,
Q. Valerius Callidus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51116 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Question on Roman Senate picture.
Salvete Nova Romans

Does anybody know of an online coy of Cesare Maccari, Quo usque tandem
(1882-1888, Sala Maccari in the Italian Senate, Rome) that is in the public
domain?

Valete

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51117 From: QFabiusMaxmi@aol.com Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
In a message dated 8/2/2007 7:56:30 AM Pacific Daylight Time, Velaki@...
writes:

The tone of the letter also gambles that one of the founders, having
been a former proconsul of NovaRoma, will lend clout to this endeavor,
while also implying that NovaRoma no longer exists in California.

It doesn't bad-mouth NovaRoma per se, but it does imply impotence
and abandonment, and that a new order is forming to fill some
perceived gap.

Salvete,

I'm shocked that you are shocked. If you are going to revive a group of
disgruntled former employees you have to offer them something other the same old
thing for which they resigned in the first place. So we are reaching out to
anyone interested in Rome and Roman history. Once we can shore up that bridge,
then we can talk about additional steps.

They are all aware of Nova Roma though. Many Legionarii of the IX were
members until actions by NR they disliked forced them to vote with their feet and
leave. The Celtics also had several members in Nova Roma.

Interestingly, we are following the blue print that the Senate's choice
himself was going to follow.

As for your accusation that Martianius' " letter openly addresses the
creation of a new reenactment society with a Greek part, a Celtic part, and a Roman
part. And
it's the Roman part that this letter attempts to address.

It's secession, pure and simple, but it shouldn't be done on the
bones of the living. That lacks dignitas, and is a most disgusting
practice."

Come now Valerius! If Martianius was indeed doing this "secession," do you
not think he'd be a bit more subtle? The man does work for the Democratic
Party after all. He'd not be so transparent. Political operators tend to be sly.
Martianius has done exactly what he said he would do. Nothing more. He said
he would reorganize the province, discover the former members of NR still
living here, and invite them to join the reorganization. He never said that NR
would regain all its former members in two weeks. That is impossible.

Valete
Q. Fabius Maximus












************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-new AOL at
http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51118 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Question on Roman Senate picture.
P. Memmius Albucius Consuli Galerio s.d.

If I have well understood, you are looking for a free of rights copy
of this picture ?

Vale,


Memmius



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Stephen Gallagher" <spqr753@...>
wrote:
>
> Salvete Nova Romans
>
> Does anybody know of an online coy of Cesare Maccari, Quo usque
tandem
> (1882-1888, Sala Maccari in the Italian Senate, Rome) that is in
the public
> domain?
>
> Valete
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51119 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Marcus Martianius Gangalius Gaio Fabio Buteo Modiano salutem dicit

A US Secretary of State, Henry Stimson, once remarked, "Gentlemen do
not read each other's mail." You claim to have read mail that I sent
to someone else. If the claim is true, it reflects on you in one
way; if the claim is false, it reflects on you in another way. I
invited you to contact me privately, so that we could work the
problem discretely. You chose to continue this public posturing to
score political points, and that too reflects on you. I would like
to reach an accommodation with you, but this public bickering will
not achieve it. Let's stop this unproductive activity and work
together for the good of Nova Roma.

Or not. With or without your help, California Provincia is coming back.

And, let's get one final point straight. I'm not particularly
interested in being the governor of California... unless it is as
successor to Arnold Schwarzenegger. I'm involved in a lot of
projects these days, and between them, not a week goes by that I
don't interact with either a former or sitting US senator (a real
senator), member of Congress, or member of some state legislature. A
recent case in point: a state senator representing San Francisco
sent out an invitation for a campaign fundraising event, which listed
me as a host; I never authorized that, but rather than issue a public
disclaimer and cause a lot of hard feelings, I figured I'd chalk it
up to an innocent error and let it ride (once again, my point, work
the problem behind the scenes), and meanwhile, her challengers are
beating on my door for my endorsement. The latest case in
point: this morning, former US senator, US secretary of labor, US
trade representative, and chair of the Republican National Committee,
William Brock, replied to my request to review my book on reforming
the presidential nomination process, which is scheduled for
publication at the end of the year, "I am honored to be considered.
Yes, I would love to see the manuscript, and will try to look
quickly. I am confident I will endorse the basic message."

I don't need Nova Roma for self-gratification and
self-aggrandizement, and the idea that I'm working to create a new
organization to the detriment of Nova Roma is a paranoid delusion. I
get my ya-yas elsewhere. Back in February, Galerius had to twist my
arm to get involved in Nova Roma again. It's probably not the wisest
decision I've ever made, but given that my citizen number is 173, I
suppose it's natural that I should have a soft spot for Nova
Roma. I'm happy to to donate some of my organizational and
managerial skills to the process of rebuilding California Provincia,
but it's not my life's work. As James Garner said in one of his
movies, "Basically, I'm just on my way to Australia."

Vale
Marcus Martianius Gangalius

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "David Kling (Modianus)"
<tau.athanasios@...> wrote:
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Marco Martianio Gangalio salutem dicit
>
> You can sugar coat the facts as much as you like. It is obvious that there
> is a problem and hiding that problem will not make it go away. The senate
> did not prorogue Q. Fabius Maximus as provincial governor, and the senate
> did not approve you as the new governor. Consul Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> appointed you as "accensus" over California in opposition to the will of the
> senate. These are the facts as I see them. There is no working together,
> the will of the senate has been subverted by a consul.
>
> There is a reason why Q. Fabius Maximus was not prorogued and there was a
> reason why you were not called as governor. It would be bad form for me to
> post the message you sent to a non-NR citizen to this main list, but said
> message you sent in efforts to network with other Romans was very critical
> of the senate. The senate appoints governors and if you cannot present the
> senate in such a light that appears favorable, at least to non-NR citizens,
> then you have no place as a governor. You can complain all you want about
> the senate to your NR friends and colleagues, we all do that. But how you
> present Nova Roma to non-citizens is important. Do not lecture me on
> discord, you are your colleague -- Q. Fabius Maximus -- seem to me to be
> architects of discord.
>
> Vale:
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51120 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
M. Hortensia Q. Fabio quiritibusque spd;

Q. Fabi Maxime you are a pontiff: Where is the support of the CP
for The Temple of the Gods Project? Even in its initial stages, a
civis like Aquila & the Itali deserve warm praise from the Collegium
Pontificorum for their efforts.

M.Hortensia Maior
producer 'Vox Romana'podcast
website address is http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . The
address for RSS syndication is
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .




>
> I'm shocked that you are shocked. If you are going to revive a
group of
> disgruntled former employees you have to offer them something
other the same old
> thing for which they resigned in the first place. So we are
reaching out to
> anyone interested in Rome and Roman history. Once we can shore up
that bridge,
> then we can talk about additional steps.
>
> They are all aware of Nova Roma though. Many Legionarii of the IX
were
> members until actions by NR they disliked forced them to vote with
their feet and
> leave. The Celtics also had several members in Nova Roma.
>
> Interestingly, we are following the blue print that the Senate's
choice
> himself was going to follow.
>
> As for your accusation that Martianius' " letter openly addresses
the
> creation of a new reenactment society with a Greek part, a Celtic
part, and a Roman
> part. And
> it's the Roman part that this letter attempts to address.
>
> It's secession, pure and simple, but it shouldn't be done on the
> bones of the living. That lacks dignitas, and is a most disgusting
> practice."
>
> Come now Valerius! If Martianius was indeed doing
this "secession," do you
> not think he'd be a bit more subtle? The man does work for the
Democratic
> Party after all. He'd not be so transparent. Political operators
tend to be sly.
> Martianius has done exactly what he said he would do. Nothing
more. He said
> he would reorganize the province, discover the former members of
NR still
> living here, and invite them to join the reorganization. He never
said that NR
> would regain all its former members in two weeks. That is
impossible.
>
> Valete
> Q. Fabius Maximus
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> ************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-
new AOL at
> http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51121 From: Tiberius Galerius Paulinus Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Question on Roman Senate picture.
Salve P. Memmius Albucius

I have found out who owns the copyright to the picture in question
and I will be talking to them abouts its use.

Vale

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Publius Memmius Albucius"
<albucius_aoe@...> wrote:
>
> P. Memmius Albucius Consuli Galerio s.d.
>
> If I have well understood, you are looking for a free of rights
copy
> of this picture ?
>
> Vale,
>
>
> Memmius
>
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Stephen Gallagher" <spqr753@>
> wrote:
> >
> > Salvete Nova Romans
> >
> > Does anybody know of an online coy of Cesare Maccari, Quo usque
> tandem
> > (1882-1888, Sala Maccari in the Italian Senate, Rome) that is in
> the public
> > domain?
> >
> > Valete
> >
> > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51122 From: Wade MacMorrighan Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Herbs "Dedicated" to Mercury?
Hey guys, I'm a new-- and excited!-- member, here. So, I thought I'd
pose a quick question: I am in the process of making an incense, and I
am looking for herbs that were dedicated to Mercury by the Romans in
one form or another. Now, I have *heard* that marjoram, Myrtle, Dill
and Black Hellbore [an uber-toxin!] were dedicated to Him; but I was
wondering where I might find this information through some source
material, and any other herbs that may have been dedicated to Him as
well. (I am particularly seeking to commune with His "aspect" as a
God of business, commerce, trade and employment at the present.)
Thank you for your aid and advice.

Take Care,
Wade MacMorrighan
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51123 From: vallenporter Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia Q. Fabio quiritibusque spd;
>
> Q. Fabi Maxime you are a pontiff: Where is the support of the CP
> for The Temple of the Gods Project? Even in its initial stages, a
> civis like Aquila & the Itali deserve warm praise from the Collegium
> Pontificorum for their efforts.
>
> M.Hortensia Maior
>
>
>
Salve M.Hortensia Maior

hmm well back in the mists of time when there was a cornelia or two
Collegium Pontificorum ( yes i was there { and yes I am that cornelian
we TRY$ED FOR OVER THREE YEARS to get the people of Novaroma support
for a The Temple of the Gods Project. and NR had a lot more people
back then who cared( so they said)but no-one had money or time for it.
I and i think the CP burned out on the Project , i know i spent 500
hours on it my self in that 3 year time.
show us the money and i think the priesthood( as i am part of that
group) can do something. as till then we the priesthood are busy
helping people with there needs .very little time for big Projects
till we get funds
vale M.C.F.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51124 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
M. Hortensia M. Cornelio spd;
if you read the project, a central point is to petition the
city gov't of Rome to let the NRItali & other cultores use an
EXISTING temple.

Did you click the link to the YSEE pictures? They are worshipping
at an old Roman temple in Sicily, so costs would be low. Also in
Europe the city gov't sometimes funds such projects. The technical
things will be done on the ground by the Itali & supporters like
Aquila.

The CP can support it & once we are offical perhaps pay Aquila's
airfare if he goes to Rome to meet & organize. Surely that's not
asking too much;-)
bene vale in pacem deorum
M. Hortensia Maior


> Salve M.Hortensia Maior
>
> hmm well back in the mists of time when there was a cornelia or two
> Collegium Pontificorum ( yes i was there { and yes I am that
cornelian
> we TRY$ED FOR OVER THREE YEARS to get the people of Novaroma
support
> for a The Temple of the Gods Project. and NR had a lot more people
> back then who cared( so they said)but no-one had money or time for
it.
> I and i think the CP burned out on the Project , i know i spent 500
> hours on it my self in that 3 year time.
> show us the money and i think the priesthood( as i am part of that
> group) can do something. as till then we the priesthood are busy
> helping people with there needs .very little time for big Projects
> till we get funds
> vale M.C.F.
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51125 From: vallenporter Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia M. Cornelio spd;
> if you read the project, a central point is to petition the
> city gov't of Rome to let the NRItali & other cultores use an
> EXISTING temple.
>
> Did you click the link to the YSEE pictures? They are worshipping
> at an old Roman temple in Sicily, so costs would be low. Also in
> Europe the city gov't sometimes funds such projects. The technical
> things will be done on the ground by the Itali & supporters like
> Aquila.
>
> The CP can support it & once we are offical perhaps pay Aquila's
> airfare if he goes to Rome to meet & organize. Surely that's not
> asking too much;-)
> bene vale in pacem deorum
> M. Hortensia Maior

BEFORE we can do that novaroma IE the Senate as the BOD needs to get
it's act going and file as a corp in the EU thats park of the "The
technical
> things will be done on the ground" and only the NR Senate as the BOD
can do this.
>
once we are offical is when the BOD says go file the paperwork not
before all the other stuff is of no import till that time.
hell i been trying to get BOD to give me the info i need to file a NR
summer market. i have framers who sell stuff the romans would have
seen in there markets etc..
had a framers market here two month ago and if NR had it act in gig
they would have had $2,500 for beening the "HOST"
i beening trying to start up things for years and the BOD does not
care or know what is needed.
M.C.F




>
> > Salve M.Hortensia Maior
> >
> > hmm well back in the mists of time when there was a cornelia or two
> > Collegium Pontificorum ( yes i was there { and yes I am that
> cornelian
> > we TRY$ED FOR OVER THREE YEARS to get the people of Novaroma
> support
> > for a The Temple of the Gods Project. and NR had a lot more people
> > back then who cared( so they said)but no-one had money or time for
> it.
> > I and i think the CP burned out on the Project , i know i spent 500
> > hours on it my self in that 3 year time.
> > show us the money and i think the priesthood( as i am part of that
> > group) can do something. as till then we the priesthood are busy
> > helping people with there needs .very little time for big Projects
> > till we get funds
> > vale M.C.F.
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51126 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-02
Subject: Re: Temple fo the Gods Project
M. Hortensia M. Cornelio sd;
it isn't necessary at all. NRItalia & its group is
registered in Italy and is working with other recognized Italian
groups. Aquila is on the job & extremely efficient.
Cooperation & good will & energy is the key.
Let's see the CP give its encouragement for such a great project!
M. Hortensia Maior

Facta non Verba
'deeds not words'



>
> BEFORE we can do that novaroma IE the Senate as the BOD needs to
get
> it's act going and file as a corp in the EU thats park of the "The
> technical
> > things will be done on the ground" and only the NR Senate as the
BOD
> can do this.
> >
> once we are offical is when the BOD says go file the paperwork not
> before all the other stuff is of no import till that time.
> hell i been trying to get BOD to give me the info i need to file a
NR
> summer market. i have framers who sell stuff the romans would have
> seen in there markets etc..
> had a framers market here two month ago and if NR had it act in gig
> they would have had $2,500 for beening the "HOST"
> i beening trying to start up things for years and the BOD does not
> care or know what is needed.
> M.C.F
>
>
>
>
> >
> > > Salve M.Hortensia Maior
> > >
> > > hmm well back in the mists of time when there was a cornelia
or two
> > > Collegium Pontificorum ( yes i was there { and yes I am that
> > cornelian
> > > we TRY$ED FOR OVER THREE YEARS to get the people of Novaroma
> > support
> > > for a The Temple of the Gods Project. and NR had a lot more
people
> > > back then who cared( so they said)but no-one had money or time
for
> > it.
> > > I and i think the CP burned out on the Project , i know i
spent 500
> > > hours on it my self in that 3 year time.
> > > show us the money and i think the priesthood( as i am part of
that
> > > group) can do something. as till then we the priesthood are
busy
> > > helping people with there needs .very little time for big
Projects
> > > till we get funds
> > > vale M.C.F.
> > >
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51127 From: os390account Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Salvete,

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, QFabiusMaxmi@... wrote:
>
> I'm shocked that you are shocked. If you are going to revive a
group of
> disgruntled former employees you have to offer them something other
the same old

Disgruntled? Same old? Why not work within the system rather than
resort to nothing less than open revolution at the first opportunity?
I'm all for change, but I really believe that secession like this is
less American Revolutionary War, and more akin to the American Civil
War.

> thing for which they resigned in the first place. So we are
reaching out to

Sophistry.

No. Stereotypes and misdirections.

Sugar-coated zeefleshnobzap is STILL zeefleshnobzap.

I'm sorry, but I don't buy into any of this supposed selfless
savior-styled rhetoric and apologistic tone.

> not think he'd be a bit more subtle? The man does work for the
Democratic
> Party after all. He'd not be so transparent. Political operators
tend to be sly.

As for membership in the Democratic Party being something by which one
can make some kind of association about the character of the person
performing the actions, to which party are you referring? The
American one circa 2007 or perhaps the German one circa 1938? The
interpretation of the person's character might depend on conveying
that in a most efficient and precise manner.

Q. Valerius Callidus

> anyone interested in Rome and Roman history. Once we can shore up
that bridge,
> then we can talk about additional steps.

Rhetoric. Condescend to me not, and simply be honorable and truthful.
Then, perhaps, respect will be granted in kind. As for "shoring up
bridges," you have set them alit. You are caught with torch in hand,
so please do not try to hide what was done here. That not only
insults me, but the citizens of NovaRoma as a whole.


> he would reorganize the province, discover the former members of NR
still
> living here, and invite them to join the reorganization. He never
said that NR
> would regain all its former members in two weeks. That is impossible.

I never asked that he would do such a thing. But to make it look like
I set some kind of task, that I had some kind of expectation, is
laughable. And if you merely stop to read what you just wrote, then
you'll clearly see that ANYONE will be able to figure out through all
the pretty words that your "reorganization" is simply a ploy to create
your own empire.

And that's ok. Just be open about it. I don't care about people
being wily, after all, Odysseus was quite gifted, but I have a problem
with revisionist history approach to cover it up like child caught
with his hand in the cookie jar.

I'm done with this cesspool of intrigue. I'm going to stick with
being a plain, vanilla citizen for the meanwhile. If needed, I'll
leave my fields like Cincinnatus; then, returning when no longer needed.

Valete,
Q. Valerius Callidus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51128 From: Thomas Vogel Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Thomas Vogel/MUC/AMADEUS is out of the office.
I will be out of the office starting 03-08-2007 and will not return until
07-08-2007.

Please contact Mr.Tom Placidus, Ex. 3552
Thank you and have a nice day

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51129 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: a.d. III Non. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem III Nonas Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"For when the sun was suddenly obscured and darkness reigned, and the
Athenians were overwhelmed with the greatest terror. Pericles, who was
then supreme among his countrymen in influence, eloquence, and wisdom,
is said to have communicated to his fellow-citizens the information he
had received from Anaxagoras, whose pupil he had been -- that this
phenomenon occurs at fixed periods and by inevitable law, whenever the
moon passes entirely beneath the orb of the sun." - Cicero, De Rerum
Naturae; on this day in 431 BC an eclipse occurred.

"And Leto was joined in love with Zeus who holds the aigis, and bare
Apollon and Artemis Iokheaira (delighting in arrows), children lovely
above all the sons of Heaven." - Hesiod, Theogony 918

"Blessed Leto, you bare glorious children, the lord Apollon and
Artemis Iokheaira (who delights in arrows); her in Ortygia, and him in
rocky Delos." - Homeric Hymn 3 to Delian Apollo

"Neat-ankled Leto bare children [Apollon & Artemis] supreme among the
immortals both in thought and in deed." - Homeric Hymn 27 to Artemis
14

"Hail. O heaven-built isle, most lovely scion of the children of
bright-haired Leto, O daughter of the sea, thou unmoved marvel of the
spacious earth, by mortal men called Delos, but by the blessed gods of
Olympos known as the far-seen star (astra) of the dark-blue sea ...
For aforetime, that isle was tossed on the waves by all manner of
whirling winds; but, when Leto, the daughter of Koios, in the frenzy
of her imminent pangs of travail, set foot on her, then it was that
four lofty pillars rose from the roots of earth, and on their capitals
held up the rock with their adamantine bases. There it was that she
gave birth to, and beheld, her blessed offspring [Apollon and
Artemis]." - Pindar, Processional Song on Delos

"Artemis became a practised huntress [after her birth] and remained a
virgin." - Apollodorus, The Library 1.21

"[Artemis] sitting on her father's knees - still a little maid - she
spake these words to her sire [Zeus]: `Give me to keep my maidenhood,
Father, forever ... And her father smiled and bowed assent." -
Callimachus, Hymn 3 to Artemis

"And both Athene and Artemis ... made the same choice of maidenhood as
had Kore and were reared together with her." - Diodorus Siculus,
Library of History 5.2.3

In Greece today was the Festival of Artemis, known to the Romans as
Diana. Artemis is the virgin daughter of Zeus and Leto (Latona), by
the common account born a twin-sister of Apollo, and just before him,
at Delos. The Ortygia named in another tradition as her birthplace was
interpreted to mean Delos, though several other places where the
worship of Artemis had long prevailed put forward pretensions to that
name and its mythological renown, especially the well-known island of
Ortygia off Syracuse. She, as well as her mother, was worshipped
jointly with her brother at Delos, Delphi, and all the most venerable
spots where Apollo was honoured. She is armed, as he is, with bow and
arrows, which, like him, and often together with him, she wields
against monsters and giants; hence the pæan was chanted to her as well
as to him. Like those of Apollo, the shafts of Artemis were regarded
as the cause of sudden death, especially to maidens and wives. But she
was also a beneficent and helpful deity. As Apollo is the luminous god
of day, she with her torch is a goddess of light by night, and in
course of time becomes identified with all possible goddesses of moon
and night.

Her proper domain is that of nature, with its hills and valleys,
woods, meadows, rivers, and fountains; there, amid her nymphs, herself
the fairest and tallest, she is a mighty huntress, sometimes chasing
wild animals, sometimes dancing, playing, or bathing with her
companions. Her favourite haunt was thought to be the mountains and
forests of Arcadia, where, in many spots, she had sanctuaries,
consecrated hunting-grounds, and sacred animals. To her, as goddess of
the forest and the chase, all beasts of the woods and fields --in
fact, all game -- were dear and sacred; but her favourite animal was
held all over Greece to be the hind. From this sacred animal and the
hunting of it, the month which the other Greeks called Artemision or
Artemisios (March-April) was named by the Athenians Elaphebolion, and
her festival as goddess of game and hunting, at which deer or cakes in
the shape of deer were offered up, Elaphebolia. As goddess of the
chase, she had also some influence in war, and the Spartans before
battle sought her favour by the gift of a she-goat. Miltiades, too,
before the battle of Marathon, had vowed to her as many goats as there
should be enemies fallen on the field; but the number proving so great
that the vow could not be kept, five hundred goats were sacrificed at
each anniversary of the victory in the month of Boedromion. Again, she
was much worshipped as the goddess of the moon. At Amarynthus in
Euboea the whole island kept holiday to her with processions and
prize-fights. At Munychia in Attica, at full moon in the month of
Munychion (April-May), large round loaves or cakes, decked all around
with lights as a symbol of her own luminary, were borne in procession
and presented to her; and at the same time was solemnized the festival
of the victory of Salamis in Cyprus, because on that occasion the
goddess had shone in her full glory on the Greeks. An ancient shrine
of the Moon-goddess at Brauron in Attica was held in such veneration
that the Brauronia, originally a merely local festival, was afterwards
made a public ceremony, to which Athens itself sent deputies every
five years, and a precinct was dedicated to "Artemis of Brauron" on
the Acropolis itself. At this feast the girls between five and ten
years of age, clad in saffron-coloured garments, were conducted by
their mothers in procession to the goddess and commended to her care;
for Artemis is also a protectress of youth, especially those of her
own sex. As such she patronized a nurses' festival at Sparta in a
temple outside the town, to which little boys were brought by their
nurses; while the Ionians at their Apaturia presented her with the
hair of boys. Almost everywhere young girls revered the virgin goddess
as the guardian of their maiden years, and before marriage they
offered up to her a lock of their hair, their girdle, and their maiden
garment. She was also worshipped in many parts as the goddess of good
repute, especially in youths and maidens, and was regarded as an enemy
of all disorderly doings.

With her attributes as the goddess of the moon, and as the promoter of
healthy development, especially in the female frame, is connected the
notion of her assisting in childbirth. In early times human
sacrifices had been offered to Artemis. A relic of this was the yearly
custom observed at Sparta of flogging the boys till they bled at the
altar of a deity not unknown elsewhere and named Artemis Orthia (the
upright), probably from her stiff posture in the antiquated wooden
image. At Sparta, as in other places, the ancient image was looked
upon as the same which Iphigenia and Orestes brought away from Tauris
(the Crimea) -- viz., that of the Tanric Artemis, a Scythian deity who
was identified with Artemis because of the human sacrifices common in
her worship. The Artemis of Ephesus, too, so greatly honoured by all
the Ionians of Asia (Acts, xix. 28), is no Greek divinity, but
Asiatic.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Cicero, Pausanius, Apollodorus, Homer, Callimachus, Diodorus Siculus,
Hesiod, Pindar, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51130 From: Annia Minucia Marcella Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
What a rather odd email. He tried to sound witty, but instead sounded paranoid and childish. The "open revolution" bit was particularly funny.

(to everyone)Could the inane arguments over what is trying to be done in calfornia be concluded please? It'll do wonders for your reputation. But I'm going to guess that y'all will keep arguing over this stuff anyway...

-Annia Minucia Marcella

----- Original Message -----
From: os390account
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Friday, August 03, 2007 2:54 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: California Provincia Progress Report


Salvete,

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, QFabiusMaxmi@... wrote:
>
> I'm shocked that you are shocked. If you are going to revive a
group of
> disgruntled former employees you have to offer them something other
the same old

Disgruntled? Same old? Why not work within the system rather than
resort to nothing less than open revolution at the first opportunity?
I'm all for change, but I really believe that secession like this is
less American Revolutionary War, and more akin to the American Civil
War.

> thing for which they resigned in the first place. So we are
reaching out to

Sophistry.

No. Stereotypes and misdirections.

Sugar-coated zeefleshnobzap is STILL zeefleshnobzap.

I'm sorry, but I don't buy into any of this supposed selfless
savior-styled rhetoric and apologistic tone.

> not think he'd be a bit more subtle? The man does work for the
Democratic
> Party after all. He'd not be so transparent. Political operators
tend to be sly.

As for membership in the Democratic Party being something by which one
can make some kind of association about the character of the person
performing the actions, to which party are you referring? The
American one circa 2007 or perhaps the German one circa 1938? The
interpretation of the person's character might depend on conveying
that in a most efficient and precise manner.

Q. Valerius Callidus

> anyone interested in Rome and Roman history. Once we can shore up
that bridge,
> then we can talk about additional steps.

Rhetoric. Condescend to me not, and simply be honorable and truthful.
Then, perhaps, respect will be granted in kind. As for "shoring up
bridges," you have set them alit. You are caught with torch in hand,
so please do not try to hide what was done here. That not only
insults me, but the citizens of NovaRoma as a whole.

> he would reorganize the province, discover the former members of NR
still
> living here, and invite them to join the reorganization. He never
said that NR
> would regain all its former members in two weeks. That is impossible.

I never asked that he would do such a thing. But to make it look like
I set some kind of task, that I had some kind of expectation, is
laughable. And if you merely stop to read what you just wrote, then
you'll clearly see that ANYONE will be able to figure out through all
the pretty words that your "reorganization" is simply a ploy to create
your own empire.

And that's ok. Just be open about it. I don't care about people
being wily, after all, Odysseus was quite gifted, but I have a problem
with revisionist history approach to cover it up like child caught
with his hand in the cookie jar.

I'm done with this cesspool of intrigue. I'm going to stick with
being a plain, vanilla citizen for the meanwhile. If needed, I'll
leave my fields like Cincinnatus; then, returning when no longer needed.

Valete,
Q. Valerius Callidus





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51131 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Anniae Minuciae Marcellae salutem dicit

I'm not sure if its "open revolution," but what it is about is two
individuals who were rejected by the senate but supported by one of our
consuls who are now working to "rebuild" a province they (at least one of
them) helped to see collapse. There is a reason why Q. Fabius Maximus was
not prorogued, he didn't have the confidence of the majority of the senate
and there were reasons for this decision. Likewise, the same is true of the
other fellow from California participating in this thread.

If Consul Paulinus would have listened to the will of the senate this "dirty
laundry" might not have been presented on the main list. These two
individuals need to do the honorable thing and accept the will of the
senate, and take a step back.

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/3/07, Annia Minucia Marcella <annia@...> wrote:
>
> What a rather odd email. He tried to sound witty, but instead sounded
> paranoid and childish. The "open revolution" bit was particularly funny.
>
> (to everyone)Could the inane arguments over what is trying to be done in
> calfornia be concluded please? It'll do wonders for your reputation. But I'm
> going to guess that y'all will keep arguing over this stuff anyway...
>
> -Annia Minucia Marcella
>
>
>
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51132 From: os390account Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "David Kling (Modianus)"
<tau.athanasios@...> wrote:
>
Salvete,

I wasn't trying to sound witty. Noble citizens, please accept my
apologies for ranting about politics.

Mea culpa valeteque,
Q. Valerius Callidus

> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Anniae Minuciae Marcellae salutem dicit
>
> I'm not sure if its "open revolution," but what it is about is two
> individuals who were rejected by the senate but supported by one of our
> consuls who are now working to "rebuild" a province they (at least
one of
> them) helped to see collapse. There is a reason why Q. Fabius
Maximus was
> not prorogued, he didn't have the confidence of the majority of the
senate
> and there were reasons for this decision. Likewise, the same is
true of the
> other fellow from California participating in this thread.
>
> If Consul Paulinus would have listened to the will of the senate
this "dirty
> laundry" might not have been presented on the main list. These two
> individuals need to do the honorable thing and accept the will of the
> senate, and take a step back.
>
> Vale:
>
> Modianus
>
> On 8/3/07, Annia Minucia Marcella <annia@...> wrote:
> >
> > What a rather odd email. He tried to sound witty, but instead
sounded
> > paranoid and childish. The "open revolution" bit was particularly
funny.
> >
> > (to everyone)Could the inane arguments over what is trying to be
done in
> > calfornia be concluded please? It'll do wonders for your
reputation. But I'm
> > going to guess that y'all will keep arguing over this stuff anyway...
> >
> > -Annia Minucia Marcella
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51133 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
A demagogue decries past wrongs; a statesman conjures a just future.

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "David Kling (Modianus)"
<tau.athanasios@...> wrote:
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Anniae Minuciae Marcellae salutem dicit
>
> I'm not sure if its "open revolution," but what it is about is two
> individuals who were rejected by the senate but supported by one of our
> consuls who are now working to "rebuild" a province they (at least one of
> them) helped to see collapse. There is a reason why Q. Fabius Maximus was
> not prorogued, he didn't have the confidence of the majority of the senate
> and there were reasons for this decision. Likewise, the same is true of the
> other fellow from California participating in this thread.
>
> If Consul Paulinus would have listened to the will of the senate this "dirty
> laundry" might not have been presented on the main list. These two
> individuals need to do the honorable thing and accept the will of the
> senate, and take a step back.
>
> Vale:
>
> Modianus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51134 From: Marcus Martianius Gangalius Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Salve Quinte Valeri Callide

Apology graciously accepted. Last month, I had a fellow Executive
Committee member of our local Democratic Party--a former
mayor--ranted at me in one of our meetings that I had an agenda to
alter the form of government of the United States.

Point 1: Since I get ranted at in person, an email rant is pretty
pale stuff by comparison.

Point 2: Yes. I do have such an agenda. Some of us feel that the
form of government of the United States could use a little
alteration... raise the hemline, less padding in the shoulders, et cetera.

Point 3: The true revolution is in the mind, and once that is
achieved, all else is possible.

Vade in pace,
M. Martianius Gangalius

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "os390account" <Velaki@...> wrote:
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "David Kling (Modianus)"
> <tau.athanasios@> wrote:
> >
> Salvete,
>
> I wasn't trying to sound witty. Noble citizens, please accept my
> apologies for ranting about politics.
>
> Mea culpa valeteque,
> Q. Valerius Callidus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51135 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Absentia.
SALVETE OMNES!

From tomorrow until 20 of August, I'm out of office. Probably between
12-15 August I can resolve something, if is urgent.
For any problem with or about Dacia, at your disposal is legatus
Fabius Montanus.
I wish to all of you nice vacations and a wonderful summer.

VALETE,
IVL SABINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51136 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Salvete,

I have a query. Maybe the answers could be used as a
yardstick in the future for those holding office,
seeking a higher office, or those contemplating
whether they have the time to dedicate to an office.

To be a good magistrate at any level of office, how
many hours does it take to dedicate to the business of
NR? It would be ideal if this could be broken down per
office.

Any idea? Thanks,

Valete,

A. Sempronius Regulus

America Austrorientalis


Vincit qui se vincit. - Seneca
Vivere disce, cogita mori. - Cicero
Ubi spiritus est cantus est. - Sempronius Atratinus

ANNI MMDCCLX AVC (anno urbis conditae - a.u.c.)






____________________________________________________________________________________
Take the Internet to Go: Yahoo!Go puts the Internet in your pocket: mail, news, photos & more.
http://mobile.yahoo.com/go?refer=1GNXIC
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51137 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Salve Regule,

"A. Sempronius Regulus" <a_sempronius_regulus@...> writes:

> Salvete,
>
> I have a query. Maybe the answers could be used as a
> yardstick in the future for those holding office,
> seeking a higher office, or those contemplating
> whether they have the time to dedicate to an office.
>
> To be a good magistrate at any level of office, how
> many hours does it take to dedicate to the business of
> NR? It would be ideal if this could be broken down per
> office.

Based on my own experience, I offer these as rough order of magnitude
estimates. These are time averaged over the course of a year, and some weeks
require much more time than I list here.

Quaestor: 1.5 to 2 hours per week
Curule Aedile: 2 to 3 hours per week
Consul: at least 10 hours per week, and often much more
Censor: at least 10 hours per week, often much more
Provincial Governor: 2 to 3 hours per week

I'd caution anybody considering a magistracy to make sure they have at least
ten hours per week available for Nova Roma. Even for the minor magistracies,
that time is sometimes necessary.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51138 From: albmd323232 Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Moving Forward
Salvete,

I wanted to address you all since I strongly feel that we need to
move past the backstabing, quarrelling, and hostilities, and develop
NR to what we hoped and dreamed it will become. Even though I wrote a
lenthy post, Im sure it got lost in the shuffle (and the debate.) And
while I do have faith in our leadership, I dont see any proposals to
move the group forward, and I think the optimists in NR are by far
the minority. What does everyone else think is the way to move
forward? Its not through endless debate of politics or personal
attacks, thats for sure. So what can we do in the near future to
improve NR and get closer to our goals? Id love for everyone
passionate to improve Nova Roma, and willing to make a positive
difference, to voice their opinions.

Valete,
Decimus Claudius Aquilius



> Salve et Salvete,
>
> first I want to say thank you for your passion for and to improve
> Nova Roma. Reading your post, I agree with you on many points. In
my
> mind, there seems there are 3 types of citizens...1.) the
> enthusiastic ones, who are very passionate about Rome and try to
> contribute any way they can in NR, even if they feel that it is in
> vain...2.) the armchair lawyer/politicians who like to debate, and
> debate, and debate, trying to "improve the constitution" while
> fatiguing all and driving the majority of citizens away from
> participating, when they should instead be trying to improve NR
> through events or making others feel welcomed...and lastly 3.) the
> people who are interested, want to participate, but are
disillusioned
> by NR being thick of (pretty much unnecessary) politics and thin on
> events and ways to participate. For them, its just not fun any
more,
> and surely they wouldnt recommend NR to anyone else (which is the
> best way to build groups.) This is sad, since 2 or 3 years ago NR
> seemed that it was improving, only to backslide (at least in my
> mind.) Therefore, I propose to have a seperate group for political
> back and forth, sparing most citizens from this, and making the
main
> board more interesting to read for almost all! Many people are just
> fatigued from all the politics but little progress towards our
goals.
> After all, we are all members of a group with ambitious goals, who
> think creating NR was a noble idea, love Rome and its history, and
> want to beleive that the future of NR is bright. I also suggest
that
> some sort of committee is formed to look at ways to make NR more
> engaging, more enjoyable, and more rewarding, since the status quo
> isn't working.
>
> Vale,
> Decimus Claudius Aquilius
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51139 From: Ice Hunter Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: Absentia.
Salve et salvete omnes,

Iulius Sabinus scripsit:

>From tomorrow until 20 of August, I'm out of office.

Enjoy your well-earned vacation! I thank you for your outstanding work on the Military contest this ludi and your devotion to the Magna Mater Project.

For those new cives who may not be aware of what the MMP is, I recommend visiting the project's website:

http://www.magnamaterproject.org/en/home.php

It is a wonderful project and one that reflects well on Nova Roman.

Vale et valete bene,
Artoria Marcella







[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51140 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Gladius Query
Salve,

Recently a co-worker who had gone to Kansas City for a couple of
months came back and he had a Gladius. He got it from a family friend
who supposedly had been a Archeology student in Italy in the 1960's.
Due to my interest in things Roman he gave it to me. It is a
little over 22" long. Photo's of the grip are posted here for anyone to look at:

http://camulorix.fastmail.fm

It is pitted with rust and the tip is slightly bent and has a nick on
one side of the blade. I am sure it's a copy but it looks awful good
to me. Any experts out here? What do you think?

Vale,
Quintus Servilius Priscus

--
I proudly support The FairTax!
www.FairTax.org
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51141 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2007-08-03
Subject: Re: Moving Forward
Q. Caecilius Metellus D. Claudio Aquilio salutem.

I thank you, Decime Claudi, for your sentiment, and for your quite important
question. I hope you'll pardon that I haven't a legnthy proposal; in fact,
there is one thing that I think will be the most helpful thing we all could
do to help progress. Simply put, I think that if we all were to give each
other the benefit of the belief that we all believe in the dream of Nova
Roma, and that we all have the best interests of that dream at heart
(however much we might disagree on the particulars of that dream), some of
the distrust that has grown over the years and the petty quarrels and
hostilities might find themselves at an end, and we can do what we need to
do to move forward: work together.

That's all I can say on it.

Vale,

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Postumianus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51142 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Fl. Galerius Aurelianus S.P.D.

Ercule! Could we all just step back a bit from the Provincia California
issue for a bit. The Tribunes of Nova Roma used their power of Intercessio and
some persuasion to get Tb. Galerius to withdraw Edictum XIV. It is within
his authority and perogatives to appoint an accensus. Marcus Martianius is not
functioning as a provincial governor and has not, to the best of my
knowledge, done anything that would lead me to believe he is doing anything that
would cross that line.

Nova Roma has plenty of room for Greeks and Celts just as Old Rome had room
for those groups under the Republic. Both those cultures contributed
significantly to Rome's overall greatness. As a provincial governor, I encourage
the participation of other cultural groups and even SCAdians to take part in
our organization.

Furthermore, I believe that we should all just take a collective step
backwards and adopt a wait and see attitude. If Q. Fabius and M. Martianius can
help Nova Roma by adding more provisional citizens, it could lead to more
assidui, I think we should give them the opportunity as citizens to give it a shot.

After all, what can any Tribune or Senator outside of California really do
until there is a clear violation of the NR Constitution & By-laws except
complain on the ML.

Valete.



************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-new AOL at
http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51143 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Herbs "Dedicated" to Mercury?
The prime herbal texts in the classical period were Galen and Dioscorides
Pedanicus (Materia Medica). However, many of the association of herbs with
planetary signs came about via the later works during the medieval period
especially from Arabic sources.

Fl. Galerius Aurelianus



************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-new AOL at
http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51144 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: prid. Non. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est pridie Nonas Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"Remember, Roman, that it is for thee to rule the nations. This shall
be thy task, to impose the ways of peace, to spare the vanquished, and
to tame the proud by war." - Polybius, "The Roman Histories" 6.11-18

"Though all the world exclaim against me, I will say what I think:
that single little book of the Twelve Tables, if anyone look to the
fountains and sources of laws, seems to me, assuredly, to surpass the
libraries of all the philosophers, both in weight of authority, and in
plenitude of utility." - Cicero, de Oratore I.44

"The Greek cities are thought to have flourished mainly on account of
the felicitous choice made by their founders, in regard to the beauty
and strength of their sites, their proximity to some haven, and the
fineness of the country. But the Roman prudence was more particularly
employed on matters which have received but little attention from the
Greeks---such as paving their roads, constructing aqueducts, and
sewers. In fact they have paved the roads, cut through hills, and
filled up valleys, so that the merchandise may be conveyed by carriage
from the ports. The sewers, arched over with hewn stones, are large
enough in parts for actual hay wagons to pass through, while so
plentiful is the supply of water from the aqueducts, that rivers may
be said to flow through the city and the sewers, and almost every
house is furnished with water pipes and copious fountains.

We may remark that the ancients [of Republican times] bestowed little
attention upon the beautifying of Rome. But their successors, and
especially those of our own day, have at the same time embellished the
city with numerous and splendid objects. Pompey, the Divine Caesar
[i.e. Julius Caesar], and Augustus, with his children, friends, wife,
and sister have surpassed all others in their zeal and munificence in
these decorations. The greater number of these may be seen in the
Campus Martius which to the beauties of nature adds those of art. The
size of the plain is remarkable, allowing chariot races and the
equestrian sports without hindrance, and multitudes [here] exercise
themselves with ball games, in the Circus, and on the wrestling
grounds. The structures that surround [the Campus], the greensward
covered with herbage all the year around, the summit of the hills
beyond the Tiber, extending from its banks with panoramic effect,
present a spectacle which the eye abandons with regret.

Near to this plain is another surrounded with columns, sacred groves,
three theaters, an amphitheater, and superb temples, each close to the
other, and so splendid that it would seem idle to describe the rest of
the city after it. For this cause the Romans esteeming it the most
sacred place, have erected funeral monuments there to the illustrious
persons of either sex. The most remarkable of these is that called the
"Mausoleum" [the tomb of Augustus] which consists of a mound of earth
raised upon a high foundation of white marble, situated near the
river, and covered on the top with evergreen shrubs. Upon the summit
is a bronze statue of Augustus Caesar, and beneath the mound are the
funeral urns of himself, his relatives, and his friends. Behind is a
large grove containing charming promenades. In the center of the plain
[the Campus Martius] is the spot where this prince was reduced to
ashes. It is surrounded by a double enclosure, one of marble, the
other of iron, and planted within with poplars. If thence you proceed
to visit the ancient Forum, which is equally filled with basilicas,
porticoes, and temples, you will there behold the Capitol, the
Palatine, and the noble works that adorn them, and the piazza of
Livia, each successive work causing you speedily to forget that which
you have seen before. Such then is Rome!

In Rome there is continual need of wood and stone for ceaseless
building caused by the frequent falling down of houses, and on account
of conflagrations and of sales which seem never to cease. These sales
are a kind of voluntary falling-down of houses, each owner knocking
down and rebuilding according to his individual taste. For these
purposes the numerous quarries, forests, and rivers in the region
which convey the materials, offer wonderful facilities." - Strabo

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Strabo, Cicero, Polybius
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51145 From: malcolm moray Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Gladius Query
Salve,
I believe what you have there is a Qama or Khindjal, gladius-like blades that are ubiquitous from the balkans to central Asia...certainly not older than a century or so. You can see that it has a wide, flat tang & a rivet in the pommel. Is that electrical tape on the handle? You could probably modify it into a respectable looking gladius via the instructions on the Legio XX site.
Gnaeus Licinius Murena

Charlie Collins <walhallan@...> wrote: Salve,

Recently a co-worker who had gone to Kansas City for a couple of
months came back and he had a Gladius. He got it from a family friend
who supposedly had been a Archeology student in Italy in the 1960's.
Due to my interest in things Roman he gave it to me. It is a
little over 22" long. Photo's of the grip are posted here for anyone to look at:

http://camulorix.fastmail.fm

It is pitted with rust and the tip is slightly bent and has a nick on
one side of the blade. I am sure it's a copy but it looks awful good
to me. Any experts out here? What do you think?

Vale,
Quintus Servilius Priscus

--
I proudly support The FairTax!
www.FairTax.org





---------------------------------
Need a vacation? Get great deals to amazing places on Yahoo! Travel.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51146 From: gnddraco Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: How is everyone?
Salvete omnes Novi Romani,

Some of you might remember me as Sextus Apollonius Draco, others
still as Marcus Octavius Solaris. It's been a few years since I came
here, let alone posted here.

For those who don't know me, allow me to briefly introduce myself.
My interest in Ancient Rome was sparked at an early age when I read
a childrens' book called "This is how the Romans lived", which
detailed the daily life of a boy named Lucius, who lived in Nero's
time. I also devoured the early political history of the Empire,
with its soap-like intrigues, murders and plots. Better than Days of
our Lives!

In secondary school I took five years of ancient Greek and six years
of Latin, and I don't regret it one bit (except reading the early
christian texts in ancient Greek, that nearly succeeded in killing
me of boredom). In college I went on to become an English major. I'm
fluent in both English and German, although Dutch is my mother
tongue. I was active here in the period of 2753-2755. In 2754, I
also founded SVR, which I'm sure many of you are already familiar
with. The only office in NR I currently hold is Lupercus Fabianus,
or "wolfman", and I intend to at least become a little more visible
in that when the Lupercalia roll around.

So, this is just a quick note to say hello and how are you :).

Optime valete!
Gnaeus Dionysius Draco
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51147 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: How is everyone?
Hey Draco,
Welkom terug! Nice to see you back. I haven't been around much either the
last year or two, but I skim this list daily.
Groetjes uit Diest!
Diana
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51148 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Salve Regulus,

> To be a good magistrate at any level of office, how
> many hours does it take to dedicate to the business of
> NR? It would be ideal if this could be broken down per
> office.

I was busy with being a Tribune about 4 hours a day. Then again, I was a
great Tribune :-) I had a lot to prove being the first woman to hold the
office!

I read every single law, senatus consultum, edictum in detail and kept notes
on what was what for quick reference. I read every single email in detail
posted to 5 lists ( this one, religio, back alley, Provincia Gallia and of
course the Senate list). I wrote a Tribune's handbook, which at least until
last year was still being used to help new Tribune's find their way.

Vale,
Diana
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51149 From: Aulus Liburnius Hadrianus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: California Provincia Progress Report
Aulus Liburnius Hadrianus Gaiu Fabiu Buteoni Modiano, Anniae Minuciae
Marcellae quiritibusque SPD

Open revolution? But we have not even thought of renaming Mount
Whitney to Mons Sacrus yet...

Valete


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "David Kling (Modianus)"
<tau.athanasios@...> wrote:
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Anniae Minuciae Marcellae salutem dicit
>
> I'm not sure if its "open revolution," but what it is about is two
> individuals who were rejected by the senate but supported by one of
our
> consuls who are now working to "rebuild" a province they (at least
one of
> them) helped to see collapse. There is a reason why Q. Fabius
Maximus was
> not prorogued, he didn't have the confidence of the majority of the
senate
> and there were reasons for this decision. Likewise, the same is
true of the
> other fellow from California participating in this thread.
>
> If Consul Paulinus would have listened to the will of the senate
this "dirty
> laundry" might not have been presented on the main list. These two
> individuals need to do the honorable thing and accept the will of
the
> senate, and take a step back.
>
> Vale:
>
> Modianus
>
> On 8/3/07, Annia Minucia Marcella <annia@...> wrote:
> >
> > What a rather odd email. He tried to sound witty, but instead
sounded
> > paranoid and childish. The "open revolution" bit was particularly
funny.
> >
> > (to everyone)Could the inane arguments over what is trying to be
done in
> > calfornia be concluded please? It'll do wonders for your
reputation. But I'm
> > going to guess that y'all will keep arguing over this stuff
anyway...
> >
> > -Annia Minucia Marcella
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51150 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Tax payments updated and registered
Salvete Quirites,

Would everyone who has paid their tax for the current year please take a
moment to look at
http://novaroma.org/nr/Nova_Roman_taxpayers_2760_A.U.C_%28Nova_Roma%29 right
now.

I have just finished going through this list that Consul Ti. Galerius Paulinus
posted and I have cross-checked it against the citizen database. Right now,
if your name is listed on the consul's list as having paid your tax for the
current year, you should be able to look at your own record in the Album
Civium at http://www.novaroma.org/civitas/album and see Status: Active /
registered
Assidui (current) in your citizen record.

If you have paid your tax for the current year, and you are not listed on
Consul Paulinus's list, please contact Consul Paulinus as soon as possible.
I can not change your tax payment status until the Consul certifies to me
that your taxes have been paid.

Valete,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51151 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
P. Memmius Albucius Sempronio s.d.

To complete the informations given by Senator Equitius and Hon.
Octavia, the given levels depend naturally on the involvment of the
considered magistrate and of the kind of organization which prevails
if he works inside a college or under the supervision of a higher
magistrate.

The reading of NR different lists may be uneasy to split, sometimes,
between the time that you have passed as, for instance, consul, or
provincial governor, scriba or quaestor. But a consul will have to
read very regularly all the messages of this list, a fortiori a
praetor, specially the one who is moderator of the same list. Other
magistrates have, too, in various degrees.

On the tribune office, which is familiar for me, the volume of work
given by Hon. Octavia is, for a dedicated tribune, a correct one. I
would personally have given 2/2.5 hours a day, on 7 days and on 49
weeks a year. For a tribune is supposed to be able to intervene on a
large range of acts made by other magistrates, from provincial ones
to the highest constitutional magistrates. Naturally, as we have five
tribunes, a few ones cannot or will not working as much.

On the provincial governor office, Sen. Equitius average level is
good. Then, the more the province is active or developing, the more
the governor will have to spend time in his office. Every project,
activity, research of contacts add, as in a burger, its slide of
working time.
According my nearly one year experience in Gallia, the time
investment is quite the same than the one that I spent as tribune :
2/2.5 hours a day, on 7 days and on 49 weeks a year.

To summarize, the more you feel involved, the more you will try
making things and the more you will spend time. The thing is then to
afford getting free time!

Vale Sempronius,



P. Memmius Albucius







--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "A. Sempronius Regulus"
<a_sempronius_regulus@...> wrote:
>
> Salvete,
>
> I have a query. Maybe the answers could be used as a
> yardstick in the future for those holding office,
> seeking a higher office, or those contemplating
> whether they have the time to dedicate to an office.
>
> To be a good magistrate at any level of office, how
> many hours does it take to dedicate to the business of
> NR? It would be ideal if this could be broken down per
> office.
>
> Any idea? Thanks,
>
> Valete,
>
> A. Sempronius Regulus
>
> America Austrorientalis
>
>
> Vincit qui se vincit. - Seneca
> Vivere disce, cogita mori. - Cicero
> Ubi spiritus est cantus est. - Sempronius Atratinus
>
> ANNI MMDCCLX AVC (anno urbis conditae - a.u.c.)
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
______________________________________________________________________
______________
> Take the Internet to Go: Yahoo!Go puts the Internet in your pocket:
mail, news, photos & more.
> http://mobile.yahoo.com/go?refer=1GNXIC
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51152 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Salve,

New photo's of the Gladius are on my site. From what I have been able
to discover it is a
Fulham pattern Gladius. I still have no idea about the age or if it's
an old copy of one. I took the electrical tape off of the hilt so I
could everything good.

http://camulorix.fastmail.fm

Vale,

Quintus Servilius Priscus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51153 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Salve, et salvete omnes,

First, thank you for your answer Senator. Quietly
watching (reading posts) over 2 years now (??), I seem
to detect a pattern of some eager to get an office
title when they don't have (other things have been
considered -- I just detected every commitment
involves a commitment of time) the time.

I'm trying to put the finishing touches on a
philosophy curriculum. It takes a good deal of time.

It seems to me that time commitment is a factor that
might not often be factored in the decision-making
process of even sincere and dedicated citizens.

Is there a way of taking a survey of past and present
Magistrates? Besides that, everyday, there is the
calendar post of Gaius Equitius Cato.

Vale, et valete omnes,


--- Gnaeus Equitius Marinus <gawne@...> wrote:

> Salve Regule,
>
> "A. Sempronius Regulus"
> <a_sempronius_regulus@...> writes:
>
> > Salvete,
> >
> > I have a query. Maybe the answers could be used as
> a
> > yardstick in the future for those holding office,
> > seeking a higher office, or those contemplating
> > whether they have the time to dedicate to an
> office.
> >
> > To be a good magistrate at any level of office,
> how
> > many hours does it take to dedicate to the
> business of
> > NR? It would be ideal if this could be broken down
> per
> > office.
>
> Based on my own experience, I offer these as rough
> order of magnitude
> estimates. These are time averaged over the course
> of a year, and some weeks
> require much more time than I list here.
>
> Quaestor: 1.5 to 2 hours per week
> Curule Aedile: 2 to 3 hours per week
> Consul: at least 10 hours per week, and often much
> more
> Censor: at least 10 hours per week, often much more
> Provincial Governor: 2 to 3 hours per week
>
> I'd caution anybody considering a magistracy to make
> sure they have at least
> ten hours per week available for Nova Roma. Even
> for the minor magistracies,
> that time is sometimes necessary.
>
> Vale,
>
> CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
>



A. Sempronius Regulus

America Austrorientalis


Vincit qui se vincit. - Seneca
Vivere disce, cogita mori. - Cicero
Ubi spiritus est cantus est. - Sempronius Atratinus

ANNI MMDCCLX AVC (anno urbis conditae - a.u.c.)





____________________________________________________________________________________
Luggage? GPS? Comic books?
Check out fitting gifts for grads at Yahoo! Search
http://search.yahoo.com/search?fr=oni_on_mail&p=graduation+gifts&cs=bz
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51154 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Salve, et salvete omnes,

This is good information. Your comments suggest to my
mind that maybe there should be a magistrate's
training course? What is expected, how to, and what
not?

The ancient Roman way would have been a mentorship (or
several mentors) which may in fact be the de facto
practice in NR.

Any comments on any of this?

Vale, et valete omnes,

--- Diana Aventina <diana@...> wrote:

> Salve Regulus,
>
> > To be a good magistrate at any level of office,
> how
> > many hours does it take to dedicate to the
> business of
> > NR? It would be ideal if this could be broken down
> per
> > office.
>
> I was busy with being a Tribune about 4 hours a day.
> Then again, I was a
> great Tribune :-) I had a lot to prove being the
> first woman to hold the
> office!
>
> I read every single law, senatus consultum, edictum
> in detail and kept notes
> on what was what for quick reference. I read every
> single email in detail
> posted to 5 lists ( this one, religio, back alley,
> Provincia Gallia and of
> course the Senate list). I wrote a Tribune's
> handbook, which at least until
> last year was still being used to help new Tribune's
> find their way.
>
> Vale,
> Diana
>
>


A. Sempronius Regulus

America Austrorientalis


Vincit qui se vincit. - Seneca
Vivere disce, cogita mori. - Cicero
Ubi spiritus est cantus est. - Sempronius Atratinus

ANNI MMDCCLX AVC (anno urbis conditae - a.u.c.)






____________________________________________________________________________________
Building a website is a piece of cake. Yahoo! Small Business gives you all the tools to get online.
http://smallbusiness.yahoo.com/webhosting
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51155 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Salve Regule,

"A. Sempronius Regulus" <a_sempronius_regulus@...> writes:

> First, thank you for your answer Senator.

You're welcome.

[...]
> Is there a way of taking a survey of past and present
> Magistrates?

No formal process exists. Perhaps a few more people will reply in this
thread?

> Besides that, everyday, there is the calendar post of Gaius Equitius Cato.

Cato provides us with a really great service there. Before he was here, G.
Iulius Scaurus used to do something similar. Both deserve recognition and
thanks for their efforts to inform us all.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51156 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-04
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
Salve Regule,

"A. Sempronius Regulus" <a_sempronius_regulus@...> writes:

> The ancient Roman way would have been a mentorship (or
> several mentors) which may in fact be the de facto
> practice in NR.
>
> Any comments on any of this?

Yes, I think we let people learn as scribes and accensi. Before I was Curule
Aedile, I was an aedilean scribe. Before I was Consul I was a consular
accensus. Both of those experiences proved very helpful in knowing what to
expect when I took up the duties.

Vale,

CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51157 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Query: Hours to be a Good Magistrate
M. Hortensia A. Sempronio spd;
I was a Censorial scribe & it was a great learning process, C.
Fabius Buteo Quintilianus is one of the great & inspiring leaders in
Nova Roma so working for him was terrific. Also I took the Nova Roma
course at Academia Thules & this gave me a vision plus wonderful
friends.

At the same time, I had to lead my province as then propraetrix.
That was all right as I had organizational skills and was in contact
with provinces Hispania and Britannia so I could see what they were
doing and get advice.

So mentorship I think is very important. I also think a NRwiki
article: "how to govern a province". would be very helpful as we
could then gather all the best ideas from successful magistrates.

Tribune of plebs was difficult, but I had my friends Cordus and
Faustus to help me with Roman history, Roman law & Roman behavior &
good advice:)
I hope this is helpful
M. Hortensia Maior

> > The ancient Roman way would have been a mentorship (or
> > several mentors) which may in fact be the de facto
> > practice in NR.
> >
> > Any comments on any of this?
>
> Yes, I think we let people learn as scribes and accensi. Before I
was Curule
> Aedile, I was an aedilean scribe. Before I was Consul I was a
consular
> accensus. Both of those experiences proved very helpful in
knowing what to
> expect when I took up the duties.
>
> Vale,
>
> CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51158 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Non. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est Nonis Sextiliis; haec dies fastus est.

"Asklepios, the most famous god - ie Paian! By him were fathered ...
children of Epione, along with Hygieia (Health), all-glorious,
undefiled ... Greetings I give you [Asklepios]: graciously visit our
widespaced city - ie Paian! - and grant that we look on the sun's
light in joy, approved with the help of Hygieia, all-glorious,
undefiled: ie Paian!" - Greek Lyric V Anonymous, Fragments 939
(Inscription from Erythrai)

"Bright-eyed mother, highest queen of Apollon's golden throne,
desirable, gently-laughing Hygeia." - Greek Lyric V Licymnius Frag 769
(from Sextus Empiricus, "Against the Ethicists"")

"Hygeia, most revered of the blessed ones among mortals, may I dwell
with you for what is left of my life, and may you graciously keep
company with me: for any joy in wealth or in children or in a king's
godlike rule over men or in the desires which we hunt with the hidden
nets of Aphrodite, any other delight or respite from toils that has
been revealed by the gods to men, with you, blessed Hygeia, it
flourishes and shines in the converse of the Kharites; and without you
no man is happy." - Greek Lyric V Ariphron, Frag 813 (from Athenaeus,
Scholars at Dinner)

"He [the corrupt physician] made a pretence of dispending the
celebrated potion called by more learned people `The Health Offering'
(Salus Sacra), a drug necessary for easing gastric pains and
dissolving bile; but in its place he substituted another draught, `The
Death Offering' (Proserpina Sacra)." - Apuleius, The Golden Ass 10.25

This day was dedicated to Salus, the abstract deification of Health
and Wealth. Salus was a Roman goddess who may originally have been a
fertility and agricultural goddess but who was known as a
personification of health and preservation. Salus is associated with
the Greek goddess Hygeia. She was called Salus Publica Populi Romani
and was often shown on coins feeding a snake. Early coins show Hygeia
with ears of ceral crops. From the name salus comes our word
salubrious, meaning good health. A temple to Salus was consecrated on
the Quirinal.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Greek Lyricists, Apuleius, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51159 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Cato omnes SPD

Salvete.

With the greatest possible respect to all those who think that it would
be a nice idea if a temple were re-opened to allow worship of the Gods
of Rome, I think that this has about as much chance as the restoration
of the Great Church of The Holy Wisdom in Constantiniople being given
back to Christians to worship in - or of Constantiniople itself being
given its name back.


Why not simply build new temples rather than pine for those which have
been irretrievably lost? Iuppiter would be the easiest - he doesn't
even need a roof!
Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51160 From: Titus Flavius Aquila Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
T. Flavius Aquila Gaio Equitio Cato salutem plurimam dicit

With the greatest respect for your comments, has a petition for a retrocession ever been tried
before ? Of an existing temple in Rome , one which is not in ruins,but just waiting to be re-activated again ?
One which can be used for a decent worship for the Roman Gods ?

There are 1000 churches in Rome, there should be place for one temple for the Roman Gods.

I hear very often, that´s probably not possible. Well I am convinced it is possible
we just have to work for it. My Italian contacts have stated that it is not out of the
question to retrocess a temple for the public worship, it would just be a give and take for Nova Roma, the Italian
Pagan Groups and the state of Italy. Let´s try it ! Please don´t give up before we had the chance to try it.

As a second option we would still have the idea to buy some land and build a fanum or temple in Rome.

Jupiters temple without a roof ?

Vale optime
Titus Flavius Aquila

----- Ursprüngliche Mail ----
Von: Gaius Equitius Cato <mlcinnyc@...>
An: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Gesendet: Sonntag, den 5. August 2007, 14:47:36 Uhr
Betreff: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects

Cato omnes SPD

Salvete.

With the greatest possible respect to all those who think that it would
be a nice idea if a temple were re-opened to allow worship of the Gods
of Rome, I think that this has about as much chance as the restoration
of the Great Church of The Holy Wisdom in Constantiniople being given
back to Christians to worship in - or of Constantiniople itself being
given its name back.

Why not simply build new temples rather than pine for those which have
been irretrievably lost? Iuppiter would be the easiest - he doesn't
even need a roof!
Valete bene,

Cato





__________________________________
Formel1: Video-Interviews, Streckenprofile + aktuelle News zum GP von Ungarn - Yahoo! Eurosport. www.eurosport.yahoo.de


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51161 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
M. Hortensia Gaio Equitio Cato salutem plurimam dicit
I wish people would follow the posts. Not all temples to
the gods are Christian churches. For all I know some ex-temples ex-
churches are abandoned. And if it's a state-owned property: no
problem.
Why shouldn't the Italians request their use? Aquila &
his contacts are not Main List dreamers but doers. Of course the
symbolic value of a temple restored to the gods is simply
tremendous;-)
Cultores have the fine example of our cousins the Hellenic
polytheists in Greece.Here they are in Italy.
http://www.ysee.gr/index.php?type=d&f=sikelia07
May the gods favor us!
M. Hortensia Maior
producer 'Vox Romana' podcast

website address is http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . address
for RSS syndication is
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .

> I hear very often, that´s probably not possible. Well I am
convinced it is possible
> we just have to work for it. My Italian contacts have stated that
it is not out of the
> question to retrocess a temple for the public worship, it would
just be a give and take for Nova Roma, the Italian
> Pagan Groups and the state of Italy. Let´s try it ! Please don´t
give up before we had the chance to try it.
>
> As a second option we would still have the idea to buy some land
and build a fanum or temple in Rome.
>
> Jupiters temple without a roof ?
>
> Vale optime
> Titus Flavius Aquila
>
> ----- Ursprüngliche Mail ----
> Von: Gaius Equitius Cato <mlcinnyc@...>
> An: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Gesendet: Sonntag, den 5. August 2007, 14:47:36 Uhr
> Betreff: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
>
> Cato omnes SPD
>
> Salvete.
>
> With the greatest possible respect to all those who think that it
would
> be a nice idea if a temple were re-opened to allow worship of the
Gods
> of Rome, I think that this has about as much chance as the
restoration
> of the Great Church of The Holy Wisdom in Constantiniople being
given
> back to Christians to worship in - or of Constantiniople itself
being
> given its name back.
>
> Why not simply build new temples rather than pine for those which
have
> been irretrievably lost? Iuppiter would be the easiest - he
doesn't
> even need a roof!
> Valete bene,
>
> Cato
>
>
>
>
>
> __________________________________
> Formel1: Video-Interviews, Streckenprofile + aktuelle News zum GP
von Ungarn - Yahoo! Eurosport. www.eurosport.yahoo.de
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51162 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Salve,

You have a Persian qama there and not a gladius. I have one myself that was
made about 20 years ago and distributed by Atlanta Cutlery. Oddly enough, I
wore it as a gladius since the only other Roman type blades available were
copies of the French & American foot artillery swords.

According to E. Oakeshott & Sir Mortimer Wheeler (two of the foremost 20th
century authorities on ancient and medieval weaponry), the Qama was a survival
or generational weapon that is likely descended from the Roman gladius but
there are some important differences between the two. During the period of
the Islamic Expansion through the Ayyubbid Period (632-1250 AD), such a weapon
was call a Khanjar, it was the direct ancestor of both the modern Khinjal of
Caucasus & Georgia as well as the Qama of Persia and the Ottoman Empire.
Some examples can also be found in Northern Afganistan and Usbekistan.
According to the Wheeler-Oakeshott classification of Middle Eastern Swords, the Type
III Syrio-Arabian sword has a similar blade and hilt that is similar to a
gladius.

You can find additional information by reviewing the hardcopy or e-catalogs
of the Higgins Armory Museum, the Army Museum & the Topkapi Museum
(Istambul), the State Antropological Museum & State Historical Museum (Moscow). There
are also some information in a book by L. A. Mayer (originally published in
1943) entitled Saracenic Arms and Armor. In this work, such a weapon is
referred to as a Khanjar.

First, you will note that your blade is a full tang model on to which the
polished horn scales have been riveted with copper. Surviving Roman blades did
not employ this shaped full-tang method of forging a sword. Also, there are
no examples of Roman gladii which used polished buffalo horn for the handle.
The most common materials were ivory, bone, wood, and (occasionally) silver
or bronze. Also, Roman hilts were usually fashioned in separate pieces
(pommel, handle or built up handle, and guard and sometimes with the handle &
guard in one piece but virtually always with a separate pommel).

Considering Italy's involvement in North African (Libya), Aethiopia, and the
Middle East during periods of the 19th and 20th centuries, it is not
surprising to see such a weapon in Italy. Heck, there is a current auction on eBay
in which someone is selling a Jambiya that was picked up in Iraq. Nice piece
it is too.

Of course, this is just an academic opinion and you are perfectly free to
disregard it.

Flavius Galerius Aurelianus



************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-new AOL at
http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51163 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
M. Hortensia quiritibus spd;

one more thing. Please don't think of this project as a cultor vs.
Christian one at all. In the world of the 2 most competing relgions
Christianity & Islam - I am firmly on the side of Christianity to win!
Christianity is based on Greek and Roman values; and the legal status
of women in Christian countries is very high.

Unlike North America, European gov'ts support religions, giving them
monies, funding religious schools etc. Islam has been getting the
funds & euros & the multiculturalism break.

By giving it to pagan groups, like the Roman summer solstice festival,
European gov'ts have a new way to force Muslims to be tolerant
or 'out' them for their intolerance & deal with it.
Maior
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51164 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Cato Hortensiae Maiori sal.

Maior, the symbolic value of a temple to the Gods in Rome is
precisely why this is such a challenge, exactly as the symbolic power
of a restored Hagia Sophia would be. I did not say "don't try it", I
said "it's not going to happen", and with good reason.

It is one thing to advocate action (and I certainly hope that you
were not implying that I am inactive either virtually or in the
physical world) blindly for action's sake, and quite another to
consider where efforts might best be spent withn plausibility and at
least a glimmer of success. A man running off a cliff may, in fact,
be considered to be quite active, but that doesn't mean he's not
going to get killed when he hits the bottom - not a very useful
expenditure of all that bustling activity.

Vale bene,

Cato

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@...> wrote:
>
> M. Hortensia Gaio Equitio Cato salutem plurimam dicit
> I wish people would follow the posts. Not all temples to
> the gods are Christian churches. For all I know some ex-temples ex-
> churches are abandoned. And if it's a state-owned property: no
> problem.
> Why shouldn't the Italians request their use? Aquila &
> his contacts are not Main List dreamers but doers. Of course the
> symbolic value of a temple restored to the gods is simply
> tremendous;-)
> Cultores have the fine example of our cousins the
Hellenic
> polytheists in Greece.Here they are in Italy.
> http://www.ysee.gr/index.php?type=d&f=sikelia07
> May the gods favor us!
> M. Hortensia Maior
> producer 'Vox Romana' podcast
>
> website address is http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . address
> for RSS syndication is
> http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .
>
> > I hear very often, that´s probably not possible. Well I am
> convinced it is possible
> > we just have to work for it. My Italian contacts have stated that
> it is not out of the
> > question to retrocess a temple for the public worship, it would
> just be a give and take for Nova Roma, the Italian
> > Pagan Groups and the state of Italy. Let´s try it ! Please don´t
> give up before we had the chance to try it.
> >
> > As a second option we would still have the idea to buy some land
> and build a fanum or temple in Rome.
> >
> > Jupiters temple without a roof ?
> >
> > Vale optime
> > Titus Flavius Aquila
> >
> > ----- Ursprüngliche Mail ----
> > Von: Gaius Equitius Cato <mlcinnyc@>
> > An: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> > Gesendet: Sonntag, den 5. August 2007, 14:47:36 Uhr
> > Betreff: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
> >
> > Cato omnes SPD
> >
> > Salvete.
> >
> > With the greatest possible respect to all those who think that it
> would
> > be a nice idea if a temple were re-opened to allow worship of the
> Gods
> > of Rome, I think that this has about as much chance as the
> restoration
> > of the Great Church of The Holy Wisdom in Constantiniople being
> given
> > back to Christians to worship in - or of Constantiniople itself
> being
> > given its name back.
> >
> > Why not simply build new temples rather than pine for those which
> have
> > been irretrievably lost? Iuppiter would be the easiest - he
> doesn't
> > even need a roof!
> > Valete bene,
> >
> > Cato
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > __________________________________
> > Formel1: Video-Interviews, Streckenprofile + aktuelle News zum GP
> von Ungarn - Yahoo! Eurosport. www.eurosport.yahoo.de
> >
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51165 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Salve,

Your explanation seems to be the best so far as to what it is. Someone
else said it
was a Fulhum pattern Gladius with a Qama blade. Another has said it
was a Khinjal
from Kurdish Northern Iraq. Now I would like to find out how old it
is. To bad the Antiques Roadshow is not coming to Wichita. Thanks for
your help.

Quintus Servilius Priscus


On 8/5/07, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... <PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@...> wrote:
> Salve,
>
> You have a Persian qama there and not a gladius. I have one myself that was
> made about 20 years ago and distributed by Atlanta Cutlery. Oddly enough, I
> wore it as a gladius since the only other Roman type blades available were
> copies of the French & American foot artillery swords.
>
> According to E. Oakeshott & Sir Mortimer Wheeler (two of the foremost 20th
> century authorities on ancient and medieval weaponry), the Qama was a survival
> or generational weapon that is likely descended from the Roman gladius but
> there are some important differences between the two. During the period of
> the Islamic Expansion through the Ayyubbid Period (632-1250 AD), such a weapon
> was call a Khanjar, it was the direct ancestor of both the modern Khinjal of
> Caucasus & Georgia as well as the Qama of Persia and the Ottoman Empire.
> Some examples can also be found in Northern Afganistan and Usbekistan.
> According to the Wheeler-Oakeshott classification of Middle Eastern Swords, the Type
> III Syrio-Arabian sword has a similar blade and hilt that is similar to a
> gladius.
>
> You can find additional information by reviewing the hardcopy or e-catalogs
> of the Higgins Armory Museum, the Army Museum & the Topkapi Museum
> (Istambul), the State Antropological Museum & State Historical Museum (Moscow). There
> are also some information in a book by L. A. Mayer (originally published in
> 1943) entitled Saracenic Arms and Armor. In this work, such a weapon is
> referred to as a Khanjar.
>
> First, you will note that your blade is a full tang model on to which the
> polished horn scales have been riveted with copper. Surviving Roman blades did
> not employ this shaped full-tang method of forging a sword. Also, there are
> no examples of Roman gladii which used polished buffalo horn for the handle.
> The most common materials were ivory, bone, wood, and (occasionally) silver
> or bronze. Also, Roman hilts were usually fashioned in separate pieces
> (pommel, handle or built up handle, and guard and sometimes with the handle &
> guard in one piece but virtually always with a separate pommel).
>
> Considering Italy's involvement in North African (Libya), Aethiopia, and the
> Middle East during periods of the 19th and 20th centuries, it is not
> surprising to see such a weapon in Italy. Heck, there is a current auction on eBay
> in which someone is selling a Jambiya that was picked up in Iraq. Nice piece
> it is too.
>
> Of course, this is just an academic opinion and you are perfectly free to
> disregard it.
>
> Flavius Galerius Aurelianus
>
>
>
> ************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-new AOL at
> http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
>
>
>
> Yahoo! Groups Links
>
>
>
>


--
I proudly support The FairTax!
www.FairTax.org
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51166 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Cato T. Falvio Aquilae sal.

Salve Flavius Aquila.

I do not question the intent or enthusiasm with which this project
might be approached; nor do I suggest that practitioners of the
religio should *not* have a temple in which to worship. I am only
suggesting that the creation of a new temple owned and operated by
practitioners might be more feasible.

As to the "open sky" part, the cellae of most Roman temples were at
least partly open to the sky, with segmented or perforated testuda;
several Roman gods were connected to the open sky, among them Iuppiter
Fulgens/Fulgurator, and the gods Fidius and Terminus, and it was
necessary that oaths be sworn under the open sky.

Vale bene,

Cato

--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Titus Flavius Aquila
<titus.aquila@...> wrote:
>
> T. Flavius Aquila Gaio Equitio Cato salutem plurimam dicit
>
> With the greatest respect for your comments, has a petition for a
retrocession ever been tried
> before ? Of an existing temple in Rome , one which is not in
ruins,but just waiting to be re-activated again ?
> One which can be used for a decent worship for the Roman Gods ?
>
> There are 1000 churches in Rome, there should be place for one
temple for the Roman Gods.
>
> I hear very often, that´s probably not possible. Well I am convinced
it is possible
> we just have to work for it. My Italian contacts have stated that it
is not out of the
> question to retrocess a temple for the public worship, it would just
be a give and take for Nova Roma, the Italian
> Pagan Groups and the state of Italy. Let´s try it ! Please don´t
give up before we had the chance to try it.
>
> As a second option we would still have the idea to buy some land and
build a fanum or temple in Rome.
>
> Jupiters temple without a roof ?
>
> Vale optime
> Titus Flavius Aquila
>
> ----- Ursprüngliche Mail ----
> Von: Gaius Equitius Cato <mlcinnyc@...>
> An: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Gesendet: Sonntag, den 5. August 2007, 14:47:36 Uhr
> Betreff: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
>
> Cato omnes SPD
>
> Salvete.
>
> With the greatest possible respect to all those who think that it would
> be a nice idea if a temple were re-opened to allow worship of the Gods
> of Rome, I think that this has about as much chance as the restoration
> of the Great Church of The Holy Wisdom in Constantiniople being given
> back to Christians to worship in - or of Constantiniople itself being
> given its name back.
>
> Why not simply build new temples rather than pine for those which have
> been irretrievably lost? Iuppiter would be the easiest - he doesn't
> even need a roof!
> Valete bene,
>
> Cato
>
>
>
>
>
> __________________________________
> Formel1: Video-Interviews, Streckenprofile + aktuelle News zum GP
von Ungarn - Yahoo! Eurosport. www.eurosport.yahoo.de
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51167 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Salve,

Sorry but I cannot help you on the age of your weapon. A khinjal and qama
are both correct names for the same weapon. The descendants of the gladius
extend for over 2,000 years to the present. Individuals who have fought in
Iraq and Afganistan have told me that the qama or khinjal, the jambiya or atas,
the khyber knife, and the dashan remain common weapons in those areas to this
day. An AK47 or AK74 may make the news but cold steel remains a viable
weapon for infighting.

Fl. Galerius Aurelianus



************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-new AOL at
http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51168 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-05
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Maior Catoni sal;
well you are sitting in New York & Aquila & then I have been
in touch with NRItali & MTR, people on the ground in Rome who know
the situation far better than you.
If they say the situation is entirely possible and feasible,
I for one would listen to them.
M. Hortensia Maior

>
I
> said "it's not going to happen", and with good reason.
>
> It is one thing to advocate action - not a very useful
> expenditure of all that bustling activity.
>
> Vale bene,
>
> Cato
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Maior" <rory12001@> wrote:
> >
> > M. Hortensia Gaio Equitio Cato salutem plurimam dicit
> > I wish people would follow the posts. Not all temples
to
> > the gods are Christian churches. For all I know some ex-temples
ex-
> > churches are abandoned. And if it's a state-owned property: no
> > problem.
> > Why shouldn't the Italians request their use? Aquila
&
> > his contacts are not Main List dreamers but doers. Of course the
> > symbolic value of a temple restored to the gods is simply
> > tremendous;-)
> > Cultores have the fine example of our cousins the
> Hellenic
> > polytheists in Greece.Here they are in Italy.
> > http://www.ysee.gr/index.php?type=d&f=sikelia07
> > May the gods favor us!
> > M. Hortensia Maior
> > producer 'Vox Romana' podcast
> >
> > website address is http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ .
address
> > for RSS syndication is
> > http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .
> >
> > > I hear very often, that´s probably not possible. Well I am
> > convinced it is possible
> > > we just have to work for it. My Italian contacts have stated
that
> > it is not out of the
> > > question to retrocess a temple for the public worship, it
would
> > just be a give and take for Nova Roma, the Italian
> > > Pagan Groups and the state of Italy. Let´s try it ! Please
don´t
> > give up before we had the chance to try it.
> > >
> > > As a second option we would still have the idea to buy some
land
> > and build a fanum or temple in Rome.
> > >
> > > Jupiters temple without a roof ?
> > >
> > > Vale optime
> > > Titus Flavius Aquila
> > >
> > > ----- Ursprüngliche Mail ----
> > > Von: Gaius Equitius Cato <mlcinnyc@>
> > > An: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> > > Gesendet: Sonntag, den 5. August 2007, 14:47:36 Uhr
> > > Betreff: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
> > >
> > > Cato omnes SPD
> > >
> > > Salvete.
> > >
> > > With the greatest possible respect to all those who think that
it
> > would
> > > be a nice idea if a temple were re-opened to allow worship of
the
> > Gods
> > > of Rome, I think that this has about as much chance as the
> > restoration
> > > of the Great Church of The Holy Wisdom in Constantiniople
being
> > given
> > > back to Christians to worship in - or of Constantiniople
itself
> > being
> > > given its name back.
> > >
> > > Why not simply build new temples rather than pine for those
which
> > have
> > > been irretrievably lost? Iuppiter would be the easiest - he
> > doesn't
> > > even need a roof!
> > > Valete bene,
> > >
> > > Cato
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > __________________________________
> > > Formel1: Video-Interviews, Streckenprofile + aktuelle News zum
GP
> > von Ungarn - Yahoo! Eurosport. www.eurosport.yahoo.de
> > >
> > >
> > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> > >
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51169 From: malcolm moray Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Re: Gladius Query(Updated Photo's)
Now that I can see the whole hilt, I can see that it is definately a qama. This is a very common middle-eastern type of sword that is thought to have descended from the gladius. The only thing that differentiates a qama from a khindjal is that a khindjal has fuller grooves & a qama does not. The blade shape is very like that of a Fulham gladius but the handle is totally different. A gladius has a narrow, tapering tang upon which the baseplate, hilt, handle & pommel are slid into position & then peened into place. A modern qama has a flat tang onto which the handle is riveted...totally different construction. I personally carry a khindjal for both style & defensive purposes & am well familiar with how middle-eastern swords are constructed. Your qama is less than a century old...ask a Turk or Circassian, they will recognise it.
Salvete,
Murena

Charlie Collins <walhallan@...> wrote:
Salve,

New photo's of the Gladius are on my site. From what I have been able
to discover it is a
Fulham pattern Gladius. I still have no idea about the age or if it's
an old copy of one. I took the electrical tape off of the hilt so I
could everything good.

http://camulorix.fastmail.fm

Vale,

Quintus Servilius Priscus





---------------------------------
Sick sense of humor? Visit Yahoo! TV's Comedy with an Edge to see what's on, when.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51170 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: a.d. VIII Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem VIII Idus Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"The Romans are magnanimous. For, whereas nearly all others both in
the public relations of their states and in their private lives change
their feelings according to the latest developments, often laying
aside great enmities because of chance acts of kindness and breaking
up long-standing friendships because of slight and trivial offences,
the Romans thought they ought to do just the opposite in the case of
their friends and out of gratitude for ancient benefits to give up
their resentment over recent causes for complaint." - Dionysius of
Halicarnassus, "Roman Antiquities" XIV.6

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Dionysius of Halicarnassus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51171 From: Stefn Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Re: Moving Forward
Valetudo quod fortuna omnes - Ave D Claudius;

I have been a Cives Nova Roma for 9 years, so I've seen all but the
first few months of her history. Too often has upheaval seemed to be
the national sport.

However, though my participation level has been low these past few
years, I am fully interested in seeing Nova Roma grow and be a place
for Romanitas to thrive and grow in this modern world of ours.

One suggestion for moving forward; all should be diligent in
practicing the Virtues: Private and Civic.

Another, look to the best principles of one's own Faith, be it the
Religio Romana, Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Germanic Heathenism
or other such. Give due respect to the beliefs of others, but be
properly worshipful within your own.

Both of these will help one become a stronger, more self-assured man
or woman. One who is more certain of themselves can add to community
more willingly and creatively than one who is not.

Seek out the companionship of like minded individuals in your local,
or regional, area. Even the simple act of conversing over coffee and
dessert can work wonders.

All building must start from a solid foundation. Perhaps looking to
our own personal footings will help us look outward better?

=========================================
In amicitia quod fides -
Stephanus Ullerius Venator Piperbarbus
Civis, Patrician, Paterfamilias et Lictor

Religio Septentrionalis - Poet

Dominus Sodalitas Coquuorum et Cerevisiae Coctorum
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Sodalis_Coq_et_Coq/

May the Holy Powers smile on our efforts.
May the Spirits of our family lines nod in approval.
May we be of Worth to our fellow Nova Romans.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51172 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: My Gladius Query(It's a Qama!)
Salvete Omnes,

I would like to thank all those who helped me figure out it was Qama
and not a Gladius.
I was doing a Google search for Persian Qama and found these photo's
of a Qama that had been sold. Here's a link for it(look at the hilt on
the 7th pic down it's almost a twin to mine). The blade is different
but the rivets on the hilt are the deciding factor I think. I wish it
was a gladius(oh well, I still love it).

http://oriental-arms.co.il/photos.php?id=1558

Valete,

Quintus Servilius Priscus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51173 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Fwd: Fw: The Wine Table
Ladies and Gentlemen of Nova Roma;

At the beginning of the year I committed to provide to three NR
quarterly newsletters;

--"Roman Times;"

--"Pilum;"

--"Nova Britannia."

Since that time I have lost two Editors who would have put the
newsletters intotheir proper format. I do not have that capability.

I just recently received permission from Consul Paulinus to issue
articles to you without putting the articles in normal newsletter
format. Below is the first of the articles. I propose to place all
articles under the masthead of the "Roman Times" and "Pilum" until
such time as I can find an Editor who has the hardware, software,
willingness and ability to put these articles in the proper format.

=======================
Roman Times -- Article #1 -- 2007
Subject: The Wine Table

Greetings; I was reading the following the other day and I hought it
most interesting, and certainly worth sharing it with you. Those
citizens who are also part of the NewRoman List may reognise this
article.

----The Wine Table
(mensa vinaria)----

Along with the wreaths and the perfumes, the wine table, the "mensa
vinaia" was carried in at a dinner / feast. The Romans had many types
of vessels for drinking than for food, and more than three hundred
names for their wine pots and beakers. The wine itself was brought
into the room in a 26-litre amphorae, with the date when the wine
had been "bottled" and the name of the vineyard written on the
side. After an amphora was opened and the wine scooped out with a
long spoon (trulla). The wine was filtered through a sieve
(colum),perhaps containing aromatic herbs to add flavor, because the
wine still contained lees and other impurities, into a jug (such as
a "stamnos"). At this point a perfume --mytle oil was popular-- might
be added. It was sometimes cooled in the sieve with snow (colum
nivarium), then decanted into a snow-cooled vat
(psykter). The drinking of undiluted wine was thought risky:

------After Dionysus had introduced wine to Greece from the region
around the Red Sea, men drank it in shameless,
unlimited quantities. Some in their lunatic frenzy, went mad, while
other appeared to sink into a stupor. But on
one occasion when men were drinking on the
beach when a rainstorm broke out, falling upon
the feasting crowd, and filling the vessel in
which the wine was held. When the
weather cleared and everyone came back. they tasted the mixture
of wine and water, and thus discovered a safe and agreeable pleasure.

Consequently if the Greeks drink undiluted wine with their meal,
they do so in honor of the divinity who invented wine,
Dionysus. But when they drink diluted wine
after their meal. they are invoking Zeus, the
savior, because he, the bringer of rainstorms.
was responsible for the safe mixture of water
and wine.

(Ath.XV 675a) ----------
-

Undiluted wine was called "merum" and today in some Italian
dialects wine is still known as "mero" rather
than "vino."

The decanting of the wine from one vessel to another was a
responsible job performed by a wine waiter, the "cetarius",
who also diluted it. In summer the water was cooled with snow; in
winter the water was boiled in a kettle-like samovar and the wine
was served warm. The wine waiter poured the water into a mixing
vessel called a "krater," then scooped in the wine.
The host or one of the guests determined the precise proportions.

(Ref. P. Faas, "Around
the Roman Table; Food
and Feasting In Ancient
Rome," Univ. of Chicago
Press, 1994, pages 89-
90.

Respectfully Submitted;

Marcus Audens
Commentorium Senoris (Senior Editor)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51174 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: The Praetorship -- "Roman Times" -- #2 -- 2007
Ladies and Gentlemen of Nova-Roma;

I found this article quite interesting. Here's hoping that you will as well;

Respectfully;

Marcus Audens


-----Original Message-----
From: James Mathews
Sent: Monday, January 8, 2007 6:58 PM
To: Jmath669642reng@...
Subject: The Praetorship

----The Praetorship--

This year (367 B.C.) will be remarkable for the consulship of a man of mean birth. remarkable for two new magistries, the Preatorship and curile aedileship. These honors the patricians claimed to themselves, in consideration on one consulship having been conceded to the plebians. The commons gave the consulship to Lucius Sextius , by whose law it had been obtained. The Patricians by their popular influence obtained the praetorship for Spurius Furius Camillus, the son of Marcus, the aedileship for Cneius Quinctius Capitolinus and Publius Cornelius Scipio, men of their own rank. To Lucius Sextius, the patrician colleague assigned was Lucius AEmilius Mamercinus. I the beginning of the year mention was made both of the Gauls, who after having strayed about through Apulia, it was now rumored were forming into a body: and also concerning a revolt of the Hernicians. When all business was purposely deferred, so that nothing should be transacted through means of the plebian consul, silence was observed on all matters, and a state of inaction like to a justitium; except that, the tribunes not suffering to pass unnoticed that the nobility had arrogated to themselves three patrician majestries as a compensation for one plebian consul sitting in curile chairs, clad in the praetexta like consuls; the praetor too, administering justice, and as if colleague to consuls, and elected under the same auspices, the senate were inconsequence made ashamed to order the curile aediles to be elected from among the patricians. It was at first agreed that they should be elected from the commons every second year: afterwards the matter was left open.--Livy,VII.I.

Reference:--

-Editor-In-Chief Oliver J.Thatcher, "The Library of Original Sources -- The Development of the Roman Law and Constitution," University Research Extension Co., Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1901, Page 46.

Respectfully Submitted;
Marcus Audens:-




[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51175 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: "Mortar and Pestle" -- "Roman Times" -- #3 --2007
----Mortar and Pestle----

This simple set of devices served in the ancient world to do the
kitchen duties of the modern day blenders, choppers, and devices for
processing various foods.

The necessity of crushing common household spices such as salt and
pepper is often forgotten in the present day. We purchase them in the
form that they are to be used, while in ancient times these spices,
condiments and some vegetables had to be pounded into the size and
condition for use by the cook or his helpers. Other 'hard' spices
also had to be reduced to a larger over-all surface area for proper
blending in gravies, sauces, and for all other manner of cooking
creations.

The materials of a mortar and pestle could be of metal (brass or
iron), or of either finely ground stone or simply a rough stone basin
and an elongated rock or stone worn smooth on one end. Of course,
iron utensils would have to have a coating of live oil to keep them
from rusting, and rough stone utensils tended to slough off a fine
rock powder in the pounding process. These utensils were also harder
to clean than smooth metal or stone.

Vegetables and the softer herbs were mashed into a pulp, and both meat
and fish were mashed and minced in the mortar for meat and fish balls,
terrines and for flavoring in gravies or sauces. The development of
condiments such as mustard sauce, mayonnaise and vinaigrettes were
also a part of the Mortar's duties in the kitchen.

The vegetable pulp and meat / fish mash could then be combined with
the cooking liquids, such as wine, other basic sauces, vinegar, brine,
water, oil or a specially prepared broth to make the very popular and
sometimes cmplicated sauces that the Romans loved so well and used so
lavishly on their food. Romans also used the mortar to crush a large
variety of dried fruits and nuts into a paste, again for the use in a
sweet sauce to cover fresh or stewed fruits, pastries or meats such as
pork or fowl.

There was also a certain order in which a variety of herbs, seeds, and
softer foods were placed into the mortar for processing. For those
items that were to be kept dry for short term storage such as salt an
pepper, these items were dealt with first. Then anything which had to
be powered and then sieved for bits of dried husk and vegetable matter
was done while the mortar was still dry -- these included items such
as fennel, cumin, cardamom, and coriander seed. These were followed
with the spices and seeds which were the hardest and the smallest of
the items to be used, such as fenugreek, lovage, mustard, poppy,
rocket and rue. Following these were the dried herbs after the dried
stalks and no used vegetable matter had been removed, and then finally
the larger and softer of the vegetable ingredients such as dried onion
and garlic. The use of coarse salt with these spices makes it much
easier to break these items down into a very fine and paste for smooth
blending.

This utensil is still used today in many places in the world where
access to the more modern kitchen appliances and the electric power to
operate them has not come about. For anyone who would wish to emulate
the Roman cooks and creations, use of the mortar and pestle may very
well be an indispensable tool.

Reference:

--Patrick Fass, "Around The Roman Table -- Food and Feasting in
Ancient Rome," University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, 1994,
(ISBN 0-226-23347-2 (paper).

Respectfully Submitted;

Marcus Audens
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51176 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Canal Construction In the Ancient World -- "Pilum" -- #1 -- 2007
--Canals -- Beginnings (Part I)--

The use of artificial water channels for the advantages of supplying
water to a city or a town as well as for the purpose of irrigating
crops has been around for a very long time. Very often the
continuation of a civilization depended heavily on such construction
even in geographical areas such as Central Italy. Certainly this was
an even greater necessity in the more arid lands of the Middle East.

Water is and was one of the great mysteries of life. It gives life to
plants which otherwise lie
lifeless, which was a mystery to the ancients. Strong enough to split
mountains asunder, and yet delicate enough to cleanse a lady's gentle
skin, water is a mystery even today. It becomes steam when heated,
and ice when cooled, each aspect having it's own set of attributes
to which man must adjust and yet which in each case furnishes man with
opportunity for a better life. Thales, a philosopher of ancient
Greece, said that water was the cause of all things --
(that which is more than the cause), and Pindar stated, but with less
vigor, "Best of all things is water."(1)

From those necessities, man came to learn the advantages of managing
water, by controlling it's flow through the use of sluices, by
bringing in water from long distances over structures which were
graded to insure a steady flow of the life-giving fluid, and to master
the technology necessary to carry water over wide variations of
topographical terrain.

It can also be said that from the canals arose the ancient empires,
for it was the canals which funneled both water and goods to the
great inland markets of the ancient world. As the
empires rose so too did the canals, and as they languished so too did
those supported them. The control of water began
man's mastery of the earth in many facets of
consideration.(2)

The dating of such canals go back into the dimness of history well
beyond 3000 BC in Egypt, where very early it was realized that water
management of the River Nile was necessary to
guarantee any kind of stability in growing food-stuffs in the Nile
Valley. It is certainly possible that some of these waterways were
also used for transportation by such craft as could be used in these
sometime rather small irrigation passages. It is noted by a
discovered inscription, that in the period of the Sixth Dynasty (2300 -
2180 BC) Pepi I who was determined to explore the upper reaches of
the Nile River beyond the First Cataract which is located near Aswan
made an effort to establish some aids to
navigation by the following action. Pepi I gave orders
to build structures which were designed to pass
vessels around the Cataract for the purposes of
navigation. In response to that order, the following inscription was
left for posterity by Uni who was, at that time, the Governor of Upper
Egypt:

"His Majesty sent me to dig five canals in the South and to make three
cargo boats and four tow-boats of acacia wood. Then the dark-
skinned chieftains... drew timber for them, and I did the whole in a
single year." (3)

Later an alternative method was used to go around the
Second Cataract. This was a slipway, which was
constructed somewhere near Wadi Halfa. This slipway
was approximately 3km long, and which enabled boats to pass around
this second great obstruction to Navigation on the Nile. Sometime
after this a further construction of irrigation canals was completed
in Egypt, some of which clearly were used for transportation as well
as the management of water for agriculture. The following reference
in the "Book Of The Dead" states:

"to sail forever in a boat along these intricate canals where the
reeds are continually bending in the heavenly wind" (4).

This would seem to give proof to the fact that canals were used for
transportation as well as for irrigation in ancient
Egypt.

(To be continued)

(1))--Robert Payne, "The
Canal Builders,"1959, P. 2;

(2)--"Op. Cit," P. 4;

(3)--"Op. Cit," P. 12 - 13,
(quoting J. H.
Breasted, "Ancient Records
of Egypt," 1906, I, 324);

(4)--"Op. Cit." 16-17,
(based on E. A. Wallis
Budge, "The Book of the
Dead," 1913.

References:--

--Charles Hadfield, "World
Canals, Inland Navigation
Past, and Present," Facts
On File Publications, New
York, 1986;

--Robert Payne, "The Canal
Builders, The Story of
Canal Engineers Through The
Ages," The Macmillan Co..,
New York, 1959

Respectfully Submitted:

Marcus Audens
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51177 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Canal Construction In the Ancient World -- "Pilum" -- #2 -- 2007
Ladies and Gentlemen of Nova Roma;

I put these two articles before you hoping that such is the first
time. If not please enjoy them again and I shall follow with a third
article soon/

Respectfully;

Marcus Audens

=========================================

--Ancient Canal Builders
(Part II)--

There is much in ancient history written of the canal and how it
shaped the world and it's history. It is named in peace and war,
both as a means for the prosperity of a kingdom and as a vengeance
against the enemy be he a people or an inanimate object. To the
Egyptians the Nile River was sacred. It was on the broad bosom of the
Nile that sailed the vessel of the Goddess Isis in search of the body
of Osirius.

Of the first great canal builder we know little except what is
portrayed on a surprisingly detailed and beautifully carved mace
head. This carving now resides in the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. (1)

The great man is skillfully portrayed on the surface of the mace head
in sharp relief. He is called by historians "King Scorpion" due to
both a carved scorpion and a seven petaled lotus flower, which
are placed close to his person. Historians believe that the
combination of these two carvings must convey to the observer his
name. We do not know of his history or of his greatest
accomplishments beyond that which is carved into this remarkable
work. However, in this writing it is exactly that carving
that we are most concerned with. (2)

The man's image is portrayed as holding a hoe in both of his hands
while wearing the great crown of Upper Egypt. His size is three times
the size of the other figures on the carving, and he is shown
receiving an offering of a basket of some produce by
one man, while another offers him some other kind of produce. This
figure stands on the bank of a canal, while standards are displayed
before him while he is cooled by the fans of fan bearers. Below where
he stands the workers , carved at one-third his size busily work on
the canal banks, while perhaps a messenger from King Scorpion rushes
to deliver to them a royal message. There is also here carved a palm
tree and what may be simply a reed fence, but as the artist
who carved this great royal mace has shown it, there is
the possibility that it may be not a matted fence, but
rather a canal gate, or sluice through which water is moved through,
into and out of the canal proper.

The carving is very well done, and transmits to the viewer the many
aspects of the scene; the workmen's efforts to complete their tasks,
as well as the stature and bearing of a king. Further we may
determine from the fact that the event is remembered in this way,
that this activity had some great meaning for this
mysterious man, warrior, king or pharaoh. This carving then gives
great meaning to the fact that canals were well known in history and
that their construction and usage was of great value to the ancient
world.

All we really know of the "Scorpion King" is that he was designated as
a follower of Horus. He may have inherited, commanded, or conquered a
portion of the Nile Delta, and on the site of ancient Thinia which is
found near the present day Abydos, are some very old structures
(monuments??) which carry the carved sign of the scorpion.

A later Egyptian King of the First Dynasty is also portrayed by
Herodotus as a man who used canals for his own purposes. King Menes
brought under one political unification the Valley of the Nile River,
and also brought the Nile Delta area under his cognizance as well. It
is said that this king who lived in approximately 3000 B. C. selected
Memphis on the Nile as the place for his city. His view of the
undertaking was to dig a completely new riverbed for the Nile, by
damming theriver some distance below Memphis and turning the entire
river into another channel. Having provided
a fertile bed for his people, from the old Nile Channel, it was here
that he decided to built his city. Seeing the need for a reservoir of
some size, Menes then caused a widelake / reservoir to be dug further
up the old Nile Channel from his city. When this project was
completed he had the lake connected to the Nile River in it's new
channel with a canal. Thus, the city of the King of Menes was within
the protective confines of the Nile, lake and canal. These three
construction projects provided a significant barrier against anyattack
by his enemies.

Herodotus informs us that he was told in all seriousness that not one
of the three-hundred and fifty kings of Egypt who followed Menes was
equal to him in their accomplishments.(3)


--(1), Robert Payne, "The
Canal Builders, The Story
Of Canal Engineers Through
The Ages," The Macmillan
Company, New York, 1959,
Pages 10-12; (hereafter
known as Payne);

--(2), Payne, Page 11, Mace
Head of King Scorpion;

--(3), Payne, Page 12.

(To Be Continued)

Respectfully Submitted;

Marcus Audens
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51178 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Ham and Fig Pie -- "Roman Times" -- #4 -- 2007
Subject: Ham and Fig Pie

The below recipe sound as if it might be quite nice. Ham goes well
with fruit and the pastry wrap indeed sounds as spectacular as
indicated!!

The recipe for this from Apicius:---

"Boil the ham with a large number of dried figs and 3 bay leaves.
Remove the skin and make diagonal incisions into the meat. Pour in
honey. Then make a dough of oil and flour and wrap the ham in
it. Take it out of the oven when the dough is cooked.(Ap. 293)

Immediately after this Apicius gives a recipe for ham cooked in the
same way with figs, but served diced with croutons or "mustaceum"
bread. The pastry however, allows a better opportunity for
spectacular presentation.

Cover the base of a pan large enough to take a ham, with figs and lay
the ham stuffed with figs, on top. Fill the pan with water and add
three bay leaves. Cover and boil the ham for one hour on Low heat.
In the meantime make the pastry (see below). When the ham
is cooked, dry it well and make incisions all over the flesh. Baste
it with honey while it cools. Then wrap it in the dough and decorate
it. Preheat the oven to 200 degrees C / 400
degrees F / Gas 6, and bake for 30 minutes until the crust is
golden. Leave to cool. (page 268)

Pastry Dough:-- Roman pastry was made with lard or olive oil
rather than butter. Use double the weight of the fat in the flour.
Spelt flour needs rather less than wheat flour. Rub the fat
into the flour until it resembles breadcrumbs. Pour in a little
salted water and press the crumbs into a ball. Leave it in a cool
place for several hours. Then roll it into a sheet on a
marble surface dusted with flour, and use as the recipe requires.
(page 195)

Reference:--

P. Faas, "Around The
Roman Table -- Food and
Feasting In Ancient
Rome."

Respectfully submitted:

Marcus Audens
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51179 From: James Lee Mathews Date: 2007-08-06
Subject: Sea Trade I -- "Roman Times" -- #5 -- 2007
----Sea Trade (1)----

In the Roman world sea
travel and sea trade
was both popular and
necessary in that
growth of the Roman
Empire. After the
Punic Wars, and the
Pirate Clearance
efforts, the
Mediterranean Sea
became as has been
evidenced by several
historians a "Roman
Lake." However,
this "lake" was very
large, and the
surrounding land forms
contributed heavily to
the weather systems
that were prevalent
here.

The cold and bitter
winds from the northern
Alpine heights and the
hot desert winds from
the Southern rim of the
sea, still greet
mariners today on the
Mediterranean.
However, merchant ships
of the day, did not as
a rule brave these
winter storms, so we
have a periodicity in
the movement of trade
ships throughout the
Mediterranean basin.

The sail rig of these
vessels whether very
large or of a more
moderate size, was very
simplistic. They were
essentially all square-
rigged with essentially
two sails in evidence.
The first was the broad
Mainsail which supplied
the thrust that drove
the ship through the
water. The smaller
sail called
the "artemon" was
placed far forward in
the bows of the ship
and served primarily as
an aid to steering. A
second century A.D.
description of one of
Rome's grain ships
which was blown off her
course and was forced
to enter the port of
Athens for refuge. At
this time Athens was
not a port of any
consequence and so the
arrival of the vessel
caused somewhat of a
sensation and the
following description
survives to give us a
very good idea of what
these ships looked like:

"What a size the ship
was!! One hundred-
eighty feet in length,
the ship's carpenter
told me, the beam more
than quarter of that,
and forty-four fee from
the deck to the lowest
point in the hold. And
the height of the mast,
and what a yard it
carried and what a
forestay held it up!!
And the way the stern
rose up in a gradual
curve ending in a
gilded goose-head
matched at the other
end by the forward and
more flattened sweep of
the prow, with it's
figure of Isis, the
goddess the ship was
named after, on each
side!! Everything was
incredible: the rest of
the decoration, the
paintings, the red
topsail, even more, the
anchors with their
capstans and winches,
and the cabins aft.
The crew was like an
army. They told me she
carried enough grain to
feed Athens for a
year. And it all
depended upon it's
safety on one little
old man who turns those
great steering oars
with a tiller that is
no more than a stick!!"

(Lucian, "Navigium 5)

The account of this
ship's voyage which is
given in Lucian;s :The
Ship" was the
description of a Roman
Grain ship engaged in
the normal Alexandria
to Rome grain run. The
story of the trip
begins:

They had started from
Alexandria in a light
breeze with a cargo
estimated at 1200 tons
of grain. Their course
was somewhat West of
Northwest, and they
proceeded on a roughly
North by Northeast,
sighting the Cape
Arnauti on the western
tip of Cyprus known
as "Acamus" on the
seventh day of the
voyage. The distance
so far sailed on this
course would be
approximately 250 sea-
miles, and indicates
that the speed of the
advance was somewhere
around 1 to 2 knots on
average. The speed of
advance is normally for
a vessel of this size,
tonnage and being fully
laden, carrying this
amount of cargo. At
this point apparently
the ship was caught in
a westerly storm
(gale), Their next
point of navigation was
probably intended for
the "Amemourion" (Known
today as "Windy Point,
Anamur of the South
Coast of Turkey)..
These gale winds now
carried the ship at
right angles ("plagioi"-
aslant) to the
originally planned
course, and the ended
up near Sidon (in
Lebanon, about 20 miles
South of Beirut).
While the change in
wind direction did not
necessarily require a
course change of this
magnitude, it is
assumed that the storm
caught the ship
unawares and proved to
be to strong a force
for the vessel
to "beat" against. So
the Captain made the
decision (probably a
good one) to run
Eastward before the
gale and probably went
further Southern
intended, Visibility
during the gale would
have been very bad, and
the Captain's
navigation may have
suffered because of
it. In any case, the
ship still being
involved in bad weather
and high seas, then
finally turned to the
North and rounded the
Cape St. Andrew the
moderated as possible
their course towards
the West steering
between Cyprus and
Turkey. This area was
known to ancient
sailors as the "Aulon"
or The Channel.

Finally, ten long and
punishing day in stormy
weather after leaving
the area of Sidon, they
arrived in the area of
the "Swallow Islands"
(now Gelidonya).

The coastline in this
area is extremely
treacherous with rock
islands and huge
breaking seas all along
this land barrier. As
if this were not enough
they were running one
of the more serious
risks know to the
seamen of this age.
They were coming up on
this deadly coat which
had claimed it's share
of ship wrecks, in the
total darkness of night
fall.

Sometime during the
night they sighted some
sort of beacon or land
fire, and still
involved in the
storm "one of the
Dioscuri (Castor and
Pollux, mariner patron
deities)set a bright
star on
the "carchesion" and
steered the ship to
port as the vessel had
been close aboard a
rocky cliff."

The above "bright star"
is a reference to St.
Elmo's Fire -- which is
the static-electric
brush discharge which
appears on the tips of
wooden masts in an
electric storm. The
term "Carchesion"in
this usage would
normally
mean "masthead," but
this electrical
phenomenon when ever
and wherever it
appeared was considered
by ancient sailors to
be a divine omen, and
caution that the ship
should turn to port
(out to sea).

Since the storm had
blown the ship so far
away for her normal
track, the Captain
decided to abandon Rome
as a goal port and
turned toward the port
of Athens instead. He
gives no reason in this
story for his decision,
and even now the ship
was forced to sail
again "aslant into the
Etesian wind"--that is
to tack up the Aegean
Sea against the
seasonal Northerly
Winds -- in order to
reach the new goal port
of Athens. This was
finally accomplished
arriving in the port of
Peiraeus (close by
Athens in this age), 70
storm-filled days after
leaving Egypt.

(ref. J.G.
Landels, "Engineering
In the Ancient World,
Pges 160-161).

In closing this story,
I wish to enter a
brighter note than that
previously offered.
Virgil gives a much
brighter element when
describing the ships of
the Aeneas' fleet when
they sailed on the same
waters:

"And now a sweet joy
steals across Aeneas'
mind
'Step the Masts' he
orders. 'spread the
canvas aloft!'
All set their sheets
alike, and braced the
yards
Swinging and slanting,
now to port, now to
starboard
Brailing up the sail to
leeward with each
change of tack,
Scurrying along in the
fair breeze------"

(Aeneid V, 827-832)

References:

--Michael Grant and
Rachel Kitxinger,
Eds. "Civilization of
the Ancient
Mediterranean - Greece
and Rome."

Respectfully Submitted;

Marcus Audens
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51180 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-07
Subject: a.d. VII Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem VII Idus Sextilis; haec dies fastus est.

"All good things, my dear Clea, sensible men must ask from the gods;
and especially do we pray that from those mighty gods we may, in our
quest, gain a knowledge of themselves, so far as such a thing is
attainable by men. For we believe that there is nothing more
important for man to receive, or more ennobling for God of His grace
to grant, than the truth. God gives to men the other things for which
they express a desire, but of sense and intelligence He grants them
only a share, inasmuch as these are His especial possessions and His
sphere of activity. For the Deity is not blessed by reason of his
possession of gold and silver,3 nor strong because of thunder and
lightning, but through knowledge and intelligence. Of all the things
that Homer said about the gods, he has expressed most beautifully this
thought:

'Both, indeed, were in lineage one, and of the same country,
Yet was Zeus the earlier born and his knowledge was greater.' [Homer,
Iliad XIII.354]

Thereby the poet plainly declares that the primacy of Zeus is nobler
since it is elder in knowledge and in wisdom. I think also that a
source of happiness in the eternal life, which is the lot of God, is
that events which come to pass do not escape His prescience. But if
His knowledge and meditation on the nature of Existence should be
taken away, then, to my mind, His immortality is not living, but a
mere lapse of time.

Therefore the effort to arrive at the Truth, and especially the truth
about the gods, is a longing for the divine. For the search for truth
requires for its study and investigation the consideration of sacred
subjects, and it is a work more hallowed than any form of holy living
or temple service; and, not least of all, it is well-pleasing to that
goddess whom you worship, a goddess exceptionally wise and a lover of
wisdom, to whom, fas her name at least seems to indicate, knowledge
and understanding are in the highest degree appropriate. For Isis is a
Greek word, and so also is Typhon, her enemy, who is conceited, as his
name implies, because of his ignorance and self-deception. He tears to
pieces and scatters to the winds the sacred writings, which the
goddess collects and puts together and gives into the keeping of those
that are initiated into the holy rites, since this consecration, by a
strict regimen and by abstinence from many kinds of food and from the
lusts of the flesh, curtails licentiousness and the love of pleasure,
and induces a habit of patient submission to the stern and rigorous
services in shrines, the end and aim of which is the knowledge of Him
who is the First, the Lord of All, the Ideal One. Him does the god
urge us to seek, since He is near her and with her and in close
communion. The name of her shrine also clearly promises knowledge and
p11comprehension of reality; for it is named Iseion, to indicate that
we shall comprehend reality if in a reasonable and devout frame of
mind we pass within the portals of her shrines.

Moreover, many writers have held her to be the daughter of Hermes, and
many others the daughter of Prometheus, because of the belief that
Prometheus is the discoverer of wisdom and forethought, and Hermes the
inventor of grammar and music. For this reason they call the first of
the Muses at Hermopolis Isis as well as Justice: for she is wise, as I
have said, and discloses the divine mysteries to those who truly and
justly have the name of "bearers of the sacred vessels" and "wearers
of the sacred robes." These are they who within their own soul, as
though within a casket, bear the sacred writings about the gods clear
of all superstition and pedantry; and they cloak them with secrecy,
thus giving intimation, some dark and shadowy, some clear and bright,
of their concepts about the gods, intimations of the same sort as are
clearly evidenced in the wearing of the sacred garb. For this reason,
too, the fact that the deceased votaries of Isis are decked with these
garments is a sign that these sacred writings accompany them, and that
they pass to the other world possessed of these and of naught else. It
is a fact, Clea, that having a beard and wearing a coarse cloak does
not make philosophers, nor does dressing in linen and shaving the hair
make votaries of Isis; but the true votary of Isis is he who, when he
has legitimately received what is set forth in the ceremonies
connected with these gods, uses reason in investigating and in
studying the truth contained therein." - Plutarch, "Isis and Osiris" I.1-3

In ancient Egypt, today was the Festival of Opet, also known as the
"Breaking of the Nile". Centered in Thebes, this boisterous festival,
known as the Beautiful Feast of the Opet, held in the second civil
month and was set according to a lunar calendar. It was perhaps not as
old a celebration as some of the other feasts, though during the New
Kingdom particularly, the celebration of Opet was predominate. Its
duration of twenty-seven days in the 20th Dynasty shows how
significant the celebration became. However, we know virtually nothing
about the celebration prior to the 18th Dynasty and the rise of Thebes.

Theban citizens and their guests from afar celebrated the fruitful
link between their pharaoh and the almighty god, Amun, who in the New
Kingdom became a state god. During the celebration it was thought that
the might and power of Amun were ritually bequeathed to his living
son, the pharoah. Therefore, the celebration belonged to the official
royal ideology of the state and, not surprisingly, witnessed the
personal involvement of the pharaoh.

Because of the flooding, work was temporarily suspended in fields. The
people joined in a dramatic procession honoring Amun that began at the
Temple of Amun in Karnak and ended at Luxor Temple one and a half
miles away at the south end of the city.

At Karnak, the people watched the high priests disappear in the
temple. Inside, the priests bathed the image of the god and dressed
him in colorful linen and adorned him with jewelry from the temple
treasury including magnificent necklaces, bracelets, scepters, amulets
and trinkets of gold or silver encrusted with lapis lazuli, enamel,
glass and semi-precious gems. The priests then enclosed the god in a
shrine and then placed the shrine on top of a ceremonial barque or
boat, often supported by poles for carrying.

When the priests emerged from the temple, they carried the barque on
their shoulders throughout the pillared halls and courtyards of
Karnak. Then they moved into the crowded streets where people elbowed
each other to catch a glimpse of the sacred vessel. Many a small
Egyptian child was lucky to be placed on his or her parent's shoulder
to be able to see.

In Hatshepsut's time, the complete journey was accomplished on foot,
while stopping at different resting stations. Later, the boat was
carried to the Nile and then towed upriver to Luxor Temple by high
government officials who vied for the enviable honor. The pharaoh
himself was there to greet Amun and escort him to Luxor Temple. The
people heard the steady beat of soldier's drums and watched as men
from Nubia danced to songs of devotion sung by the priests.

After reaching Luxor, the pharaoh and priests left the crowd behind
and maneuvered the boat into the dark recesses of the temple. Incense
filled the air. There was a ceremony communing with another holy image
of Amun, Amun-Min, who inseminated the earth, according to the ancient
beliefs of creation, and brought about plentiful harvests.

Now the pharaoh emerged from the sanctuary. The citizens greeted him
wildly and praised his accomplishments; any wrongs he had committed
were automatically forgiven. "He was once more the embodiment of
divine strength and generosity, the source of bounty and well-being
for Egypt."

During the Festival of Opet, Thebans could ask the god questions
(oracles) that could be answered by a simple yes or no. A man might
ask if his brother in another town was in good health, If the barge
dipped forward, the answer was yes; if it backed away, the reply was
no. Commoners were also allowed to put questions to a god in his
temple. For these exceptional times, the fortunate citizens who were
allowed into the temple were escorted to special audience rooms. The
priests would convey the answers either through a concealed window
high up in the wall or from inside a hollow statue.

More than anything, the ancient Egyptian population enjoyed the
generosity of the gods during these festivals. During one Opet
festival in the 12th century BC, it is recorded that temple officials
distributed 11,341 loaves of bread and 385 jars of beer to the citizens.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Plutarch, "Grand Festivals in Ancient Egypt", Ilene Springer and Jimmy
Dunn, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51181 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-07
Subject: "Roman Times Quarterly" -- 2nd Quarter -- 2007
Ladies and Gentlemen of Nova Roma;

My first set of articles provided to you was put together in a bit of a hurry, because it was so late. The end of March was the date set for the issue of the first quarter of the promised newsletters. As previously indicated, I had some concerns during that time.

This is the second set of quarterly stories, articles, recipes and poetry... While it is late, it is not terribly late, and I will try to put things together in a more collective way.

Article 1 --

--- Book Report ---

Today I have a special reason to come before you as I have a book report to make. I must admit that the book is one which explores a particular interest of mine which is mapping. However, I will share it with you, as it is a study in a particular realm of ancient history, and there is much here both of Roman, and pre-Roman information which I believe to be both interesting and valuable.

========================

The book is:

O.A.W. Dilke, "Greek & Roman Maps,"The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, 1985

In the text "Greek & Roman Maps," the author has researched and laid out in a following manner those skills required by mapmakers and the development of these skills as well as the knowledge of them. His research starts in the ancient empires of Babylonia, and Egypt, using the ancient work of Greek and Roman individuals skilled in such activities on into the better known Age of Discovery.

There is, in the book, quite a number of plans and maps ranging from itineraries (both sea and land) to building plans, maps in artistic format, and maps of roadways.

The following are comments from others who have reviewed this book:

--"Dilke's up-to-date survey of classical cartography . . . will long remain the standard in the field" -- Meyer Reinhold, "Classical World;"

--"It is an extremely useful book, packed with information, simply and succinctly expressed . . . There is no doubt that it was Greek theoretical thinking and a growing knowledge of geography, combined with the practical demands imposed upon the administrators of the Roman Empire which led to the development and widespread use of maps more or less as we know them.." -- Mary E. Hoskins Walbank, "Echos du monde classique;"

--"All of this O.A.W. Dilke tells. along with much more that is peripherally related to maps: he explains at length the Roman technique of surveying land, reviews the various land and sea itineraries that have survived, and discusses the kinds of plans the ancients drew from plans of cities to "blueprints" of buildings . . . He performs a useful service in bringing together this material, some of which has been available only in scattered scholarly journals." -- Lionel Casson, "American Historical Review:"

O.A.W. Dilke was a professor at the University of Leeds. He taught classics at University College, Hull, the university of Glasgow, the Ohio State university, and the University of Leeds.

Book Contents:----

--List of Illustrations (62);

--Preface;

--I, The Predecessors;

--II, Evidence From Ancient Greece;

--III, Agrippa;

--IV, Geographical Writers;

--V, Ptolemy and His Predecessor Marinus;

--VI, Land Surveying;

--VII, Roman Stone Plans;

--VIII, Road Maps and Land Itineraries;

--IX, Periploi;

--X, Maps In Art form;

--XI, The Development of Ptolemaic Maps;

--XII, From Antiquity to the Renaissance.

From my own review, I find the material most interesting and a good read. I shall be able to produce some good replicas from this material to display at Roman Events as the Legion III "Cyrenaica" Engineer, in company with some other models of bridges and corduroy roads that I have constructed. In that way, I can bring some of this ancient material before the general public in the form of actual models of material taken from this volume.

Article 2--

1st Place, Caius Moravius Brutus
Nova Roma Writing Contest -- 2006
Provincia Britannia

----Amnis Perennis----

=================

("quam precor ut carae
more sororis ames " Ovid)

What twist of fate
Brought you then
Toiling up the Sacred Hill,
A princess of Carthage,
Bent by the ages,
Bearing loaves to still
Those groaning
Roman bellies?
How strange that you,
So wronged,
Should come to love us,
Sour Lavinia's offspring.

Together Goddess,
We have broken bread
Down by the river's edge
Shared countless cups
Along the endless stream,
and you have helped me,
All too often,
Stagger home in safety,
Soaked with wine,
With all these heavy years.

Now my sons and neighbors
Are gone to fight your city,
A war born in madness
In tears and tight lipped duty,
A conflagration fanned to fury
By desperate love
And the turbulent winds.

We are filled, true enough,
With our righteous cause,
We howl and barrel
Through the city's alleys
We tear our hair
And weep with each defeat
A ray of hope
Drives us to frenzy
And wild eyed celebration

Nothing is constant
But hate and fear
And yet. . . .

Who has not felt
In his secret heart
That tinge of doubt,
That temptress, veiled
And shadowed,
Who whispers in the night,
Who gently strokes your brow
And croons,

"Come my lover, forget the sea
And all the wide earth.
Come to my bed and lose yourself
in my golden embrace!"

Who has not dreamt of kisses rich
With spices of Africa
Only to wake with the tang
Of putrid smoke in the air,
Fumes like the crows of Cannae rising;
A dark and tumultuous offering
To Dido's shade?

No, there are deeper passions
And he has borne them,
Our Ancestor,
Our Original Sun,
Face turned toward his destiny,
Jupiter's wind in his sails,
The flames of IIium
And Carthage behind him.

He was not cold
For there were other loves,
A handful of ash
In the ruins of Priam's palace,
An old man's bones
In the hard Sicilian earth.
A vision of a future
Rich as Tyrian purple.

For there is the rub,
The message drawn
In blood and fire
On the sands of Zama.

Only one may wear
The victor's crown.

===================

Article 3--

---Gubernator---

When definitions are
offered in the Roman
Culture, I would like
to see the references
used, both for accuracy
and for further
research interests. A
good example for this
follows:

Since one of my
particular interests is
the position
of "Gubernator" on
board a vessel at sea,
It is a term which
seems to have many
different meanings.
One must be careful not
to generalize if one
wishes to be totally
accurate.

----Officers and Men----

--Gubernator --the
Latin equivalent
of "kybernetes",
executive officer and
navigating officer --
Page 310;

--The Greek term for
Captain
was "kybernetes." The
Latin
equivalent "gubernator"
was in popular use
given the same sense--
Page 316;

--On seagoing craft,
however, he
(shipmaster -"magister
navis") usually turned
this (operation of the
ship) over to
a "gubernator"(sailing
master); once the ship
was underway,
the "gubernator"seems
to have had fairly wide
authority in all
matters relating to
it's (ship) handling.
Page 318

--For the presence of
the "gubernator"on
board and his rank just
below "magister navis"
see Artemidorus 1-35.
Artemidorus hierarchy
is in close conformity
with one that occurs in
a simile likening the
ranks in the Church to
those aboard ship.
(Epistula Clementis
14.2 in B. Rehm, "Die
Pseudoklementinen."I,
Homilien =="Die
griechischen
cristlichenSchriftstelle
r der ersten
Jahrhunderte," 42,
Berlin, 1953, p.
16: "Let the owner of
this (ship) of ours be
God, Let
the "kybernetes" be
likened to Christ etc. -
- The Latin version of
the passage, the owner
is called "dominus,"
the
captain "gubernator"
etc.--- The most
complete example of the
Latin terminology
occurs in the passage
in the Digest
(39.4.11.2) "magistro
vel gubernator aut
proreta
nautave, "shipmaster,
sailing master, first
mate, sailor." Pages
314-315 footnote 66.

--In a case of maritime
law posed by Cicero De
inv. 2.154) he refers
to an owner-captain
("dominus navis, cum
idem gubernator
esset," -- "the owner
of the vessel since he
was also the
captain.") -- The
term "nauklerokybernetes
==Owner-Captain"
frequently turns up in
the business documents
from Roman Egypt. (W.
Chrest. 434; Flr.. 758,
29; P. Lugd. Bat. 11.1,
col. I 35 and col. 11
24. (All belong to the
fourth A. D.) Page 316,
Footnote 70;

--E.g., Plautus, Rud
1014 (si tu proreta
isti navi's, ego
gubernator ero -- "If
you're going to be the
first mate of this
ship, I'm going to be
the Captain"), Cicero,
de inv. I.58
(the "gubernator" of a
ship is compared to the
general of the army),,
2.154 (cited in note 70
above); Seneca, Epist.
85.32 (the "gubernator"
undertakes total
responsibility for
delivery of a vessel to
a given port). For a
full-scale study of the
term with comprehensive
examination of the
evidence see C
Moschetti, "Gubernare
navem, gubernare rem
publican (Quaderni
di "Studi Senesi" 16,
Milan, 1966) 18-59.
Like it's Greek
equivalent (cf.note one
above) "gubernator" is
somewhat ambiguous, for
it may not mean no more
than "helmsman." (e.g.
Vitruvius, cited in
ELEVEN, note 2)
Footnote 73, Page 316;

--Cf. Dig. 19.2.13.2:
si magister nais sine
gubernatore in flamen
navemimmiserit et
tempestate orta
temperare non potuerit
et navem perdiderit,
vectores habel munt
adversus cum. ..
actionem "If a
shipmaster (Magister
Navis) with no sailing
master (gubernator)
aboard takes the ship
into the stream and, a
storm springing up, is
unable to control the
vessel and loses it,
the passengers are
entitled to bring an
action . . . against
him." For long this
passage has been
thought to deal with
the hiring of a local
pilot to get the ship
upstream. As
Moschetti's excellent
analysis (71-78)
reveals , it concerns a
vessel that is starting
out, that has left the
dock for midstream to
begin a voyage.
A "Magister" was
responsible for having
a sailing master aboard
to navigate the ship;
if he neglected to do
so, even just to get
his ship from dock to
midstream, he was
automatically liable in
case of mishap with no
consideration of
whether an act of God
or any of the other
usual qualifying
circumstances was
involved. Footnote,
Page 317

--For the presence of
the "gubernator" on
board and his rank just
below the "Magister
Navis" see the passage
from the Digest cited
in note 66 above.
The "Gubernator's"
duties are nowhere
spelled out in the
corpus of Roman Law and
can only be guessed at;
the guesses run the
gamut of opinion, from
making him more or less
a quartermaster under
the "magister" as a
commanding officer.
(the majority opinion
cf :Morschetti 15) to
making the latter more
or less of a supercargo
under the "gubernator"
as a commanding officer
(first put forward by
A. Rocco in 1898 {see
Morschetti 17}; it's
most recent adherent is
Rouge (234-38).
Morschetti, reviewing
the evidence, argues
that the "gubernator"
was in command of the
total operation of the
ship when underway, and
assigns to
the "magister" largely
administrative and
commercial duties.
Now, Morschetti makes a
new and significant
contribution by
demonstrating that
the "magister" was the
sole person responsible
for the maintenance and
good condition of the
ship (cf; note 77
above.). From this the
conclusion is
unavoidable that he
had to exercise
considerable command
over the crew and to
direct much of it's
activities even when
underway..
The "gubernator" no
doubt shouted the
orders for setting sail
and course (cf;
Seneca , Epist. 95-7,
where he gives some
samples: move
gubernaculum "Mind the
helm", vela
summitte "Take in all
sail", etc.) but it was
presumably
the "magister" who
issued the orders to
swab the decks.
Moreover, the evidence
cited in the previous
note proves
incontrovertibly that
on certain craft he
actually handled the
tiller Footnote
80, Page 318.

From this one reference
then, one has the
choice of several
different ideas as to
the duties of
the "gubernator"

Reference:--

Lionel Casson, "Ships
and Seamanship In the
Ancient World,"
Princeton University
Press, Princeton, NJ,
1971

===================

Article 4--

----Turnips (rapum)----

The turnip was seen as
simple fare. The plant
is native to Europe,
nutritious. easily
cultivated, and
therefore cheap.
Opinion differed on how
healthy it was. The
great doctor Democritus
rejected turnips,
believing they made
people bloated. Other
doctors saw the turnip
in a more positive
light:

"Diocles praises the
turnip plant, declaring
that it stimulates the
amorous propensities.
So too, does Dionysius,
who adds that its
effects are even
stronger if eaten with
rocket."

(Plin. N.H. XX-viii)

Healthy or not, the
turnip had many
devotees, of whom
Emperor Claudius was
one. When he died, it
was announced that he
was to be deified so
there would be someone
in heaven who could eat
turnip with Rome's
founding father Romulus
(Sen. Apoc. 9).

Martial wrote
an "apophoreta"
(presents for guests to
take home) on the
subject of this winter
vegetable:

"Turnip I give, to
bring you some cheer in
the frost of the
shortest day, while
Romulus -- no less --
is eating the same in
heaven."

(Mart. XIII 16)

Faas provides two
recipes for turnip:

--Boiled Turnip (uses
"garum");--

Apicius gives two sauces for boiled turnip. One consists only of olive oil and "if you wish" a little vinegar. The other is more complex:--

This sauce is easy to make if you have the ingredients. Otherwise it can be quite laborious. If you have no "defrutum" in the house, make some (see page 148). Put about a glass of it into a pan with two glasses of stock, salted with anchovies or a salty "garum." Flavor with a tablespoon of honey a few tablespoons of vinegar, and a dash of olive oil. Crush a tablespoon of toasted cumin seeds, and a smaller amount of rue seeds and stir them into the sauce. Add a tiny pinch of "asafoetida", diluted in a spoonful of liquid. Bring the sauce to a boil. Then add the pre-cooked turnips, cut into bite-sized pieces, so they can absorb the sauce.

--Preserved Turnip
(uses salt).

Take the roundest turnips you can find and scrape them clean if they are dirty. Peel them with a sharp knife. Then with an iron sickle, make an incision in the shape of an "X", as picklers do, but be careful not to cut all the way through. Then sprinkle the incisions with salt, not especially fine. Place the turnips in a basket or in a trough, with a little extra salt and allow the moisture to dry out for three days. After three days a piece from the inside of one turnip should be tasted to tell whether the salt has penetrated through. If it has been absorbed remove the turnips and wash them in their own moisture. If not enough moisture has been secreted, ad some salt liquor and wash them in that.

Then place them in a square wicker basket, not too tightly woven, but strongly made with thick wicker. Then place a board which can be pressed down within the opening of the basket if necessary. When the board is in place, put heavy weights on it and leave the turnips to dry overnight. Then place them in a jug treated with resin or in a glazed pot, and pour vinegar with mustard (one tablespoon for every five turnips) over it so that they are submerged. You can use them after thirteen days. (Col. RR. XII-1vi -- Columella).

It is well worth the trouble to preserve some. The turnips assume the flavour reminiscent of horseradish. Cut them into thin slices before serving.

Reference:

Patrick Faas, "Around The Roman Table," University of Chcago Press, Chicago, 1994, Pges 210-212.

======================

Article 5--

----Rome At the End of
the Punic Wars----

Polybius

Rome, with the end of
the third Punic War,
146 B. C. had
completely conquered
the last of the
civilized world. The
best authority for this
period of her history
is Polybius. He was
born in Arcadia, in 204
B. C. and died in 122
B. C. Polybius was an
officer of the Achaen
League, which sought by
federating the
Peloponnesus to make it
strong enough to keep
it's independence
against the Romans, but
Rome was already too
strong to be resisted,
and arresting a
thousand of the most
influential members,
sent them to Italy to
await trial for
conspiracy. Polybius
had the good fortune,
during seventeen years
of exile, to be allowed
to live with the
Scipios. He was
present at the
destructions of
Carthage and Corinth in
146 B. C. and did more
than anyone else to get
the Greeks to accept
the inevitable Roman
rule.

Polybius is the most
reliable, but not the
most brilliant of
ancient historians.

Reference:

Editor-In-Chief Oliver
J. Thatcher, "The
Library of Original
Sources -- The Roman
World -- Vol. III,"
University Research
Extension Co.,
Milwaukee, Wisconsin,
1907.

Marcus Audens

=====================

Respectfully Submitted;
Marcus Audens
Commentariorum Senoris
Nova Roma



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51182 From: titus.aquila Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Absentia
Salvete Quirites !

I would like to inform you that I will be on vacation from the 9th of
August until the 28th of August with hardly any access to the
Internet. I will catch up on all issues as soon as I will be back. Let
me take this opportunity to thank you very much for your support on
the TGP project, A temple for the Gods in Rome project. We are
progressing and gather more and more support within Nova Roma and
Italy.

I am convinced that with your enthusiasm and help, the Gods will grant
us their support to reach our goal.

Titus Flavius Aquila
Civis Provinciae Germaniae
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51183 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: QUIRINUS Gallia webzine June issue ENGLISH version online
P. Memmius Albucius Patris omnibus magistratibus et quiritibus s.d.

The third ENGLISH version issue of QUIRINUS is - sorry for the 15
days delay! - online at :

http://www.quirites.org/quirinus03A01.htm (directly)

or via QUIRITES association web site at http://www.quirites.org
(page 'Quirinus, la revue des Quirites, then click on 'June 2007').

Quirinus staff recommends specially the article on the mechanical
systems in the roman shows, the one on the Table of Peutinger and the
Itineraries, and the thick one on the Battle of Trebbia, which
proposes new sights on this first real shock between Hannibal and
roman consuls in 218 BC.

Latinists will like, I hope, the soccer chronicle.... in latin. ;-)


Next and 4th issue End of september-October and have a good reading!

Valete Patres et omnes,


P. Memmius Albucius
Editor
Leg. pp. Galliae
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51184 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: "Pilum Quarterly" -- 2nd Qtr. -- 2007
Ladies and Gentlemen of Nova Roma;

With this issue of "Pilum" and last night's issue of "Roman Times," I will have caught up to my commitment of Quarterly issues this year. I have combined the previously discussed "Nova Britannia" articles with the "Roman Times." My feeling was that it would be much better to allow the present ProConsul of Nova Britannia to create her own newsletter than to impose my administrative techniques on her and her staff. Our ideas are somewhat different, so I most respectfully turn the title of Nova Britannia over to the ProConsular Staff of the same name.

The "Pilum" articles follow:

===================

Article 1--

----"Stratagems"----

Note:-- We continue in "Stratagems" on page 13 in the next issue of this quarterly, "Pilum" discussing strategies in the ancient world.

===================

Mithridates, when he was blockaded by Pompey and planned to retreat the next day, wishing to conceal his purpose, made foraging expeditions over a wide territory, and even to the valley adjacent to the enemy. For the purpose of further averting suspicion, he also arranged conferences for a subsequent date with several of his foes; and ordered numerous fires to be lighted throughout the camp.

Then in the second watch, he led out his forces directly past the camp of the enemy.(1)

>>>

When the Emperor Caesar Domitianus Augustus Germanicus wished to crush the Germans who were in arms, realizing that they would make greater preparations for war if they saw the arrival of so eminent a commander as himself, he concealed the reason for his departure from Rome under the pretext of taking a census of the Gallic provinces. Under the cover of this he plunged into sudden warfare, crushed the ferocity of these savage tribes, and thus acted for the good of the provinces.(2)

>>>

When it was essential that Hasdrubal and his troops should be destroyed, before they joined Hannibal, the brother of Hasdrubal, Claudius Nero, lacking the confidence in the troops under his own command , was therefore eager to unite his forces with those of his colleague, Livius Salinator, to whom the direction of the campaign had been committed. Desiring, however, that his departure should be unobserved by Hannibal, whose camp was opposite his, he chose ten thousand of his bravest soldiers, and gave orders to the lieutenants whom he left that usual number of patrols and sentries should be posted, the same number of fires lighted, and the usual appearance of the camp maintained, in order that Hannibal might not become suspicious, and venture to attack the few troops left behind. Then, when he joined his colleague in Umbria after secret marches, he forbade the enlargement of the camp, lest he give some sign of his arrival to the Carthaginian Commander, who would be likely to refuse battle if he knew the forces of the Consuls had been united. Accordingly, attacking the enemy unawares with his reinforced troops, he won the day and returned to Hannibal in advance of any news of his exploit. Thus by the same plan he stole the march on on of the two shrewdest Carthaginian generals and crushed the other. (3)

(1) 66 B.C.


(2) 83 A.D.

(3) 207 B.C.

Reference:

Charles E. Bennett (trans.) / Mary B. McElwain (Ed.) "Frontinius, Stratagems, Aqueducts of Rome;" Loeb Classical Library, Harvard
University Press, Cambridge, Mass. / London, 1997 -- (ISBN 0-
674-99192-3)

The Loeb Classical Library is a large collection of classical works which have been translated. Each page has the text in both English and Latin on facing pages. The number of this book in the Loeb library is #174.

Other works in the Loeb Library having to do with aqueducts and
buildings are:

"Vitruvius" and "Procopius."

Note:-- On the reverse book cover is the following for your information:

"The Loeb Classical Library is the only existing series of books which, through original text and English translation, gives access to all that is important in Greek and Latin literature. A complete list of titles is available from Harvard University Press."

Respectfully;

Marcus Audens

=======================

Article 2--

2nd Place Award
Writing Contest -- Nova Roma -- 2006

----The Goddess----

=============
Since the spreading rumor of the timber crews cutting trees in the sacred grove of the Goddess, an unreasoning fear of the Goddess had spread like wildfire through the troops quartered here and the meager winter drill in this freezing weather was not nearly enough to keep the men's minds off this illusion of an avenging Goddess. She was known to strike, usually when the target was asleep, and it was said that the punishment was both painful, very personal, and long-lasting, with many dying from their actions against her laws.

Lucius didn't even like to think about it, but it kept creeping back into his mind. He had purged himself in the Cave of Mithra, just outside the fortress gate, and he was almost sure that Mithra would shield him from this threat. But -- and there was always a but; what if Mithra was busy with slaying the bull? Didn't he always have to do this? Isn't that what the blood spilling of the oxen was necessary more than once!!?? He really wasn't sure and although he needed to talk with someone he didn't want to risk his beliefs against this new job.

He was doing what he had wanted to work at for many years and now he had his chance. He shivered in the cold draft from the curtained door, and drew his cloak closer around him.

Several men had frostbitten feet in the surgeon's hall, feet that turned black and had to be amputated. Strange fevers had taken some of the legionaries despite what the surgeons could do, and they choked to death, on heir own saliva. Neither thought gave him any peace.

He had written the notes as dictated to him by the Chief Engineer. The notes that had sent the men to cut timber for the planned Rhenus Bridge. Did that make him a target of the Goddess? Surely if anyone was stricken it would be the individual who gave the orders rather than the people who simply passed them on. However, what little he knew about the Goddess suggested that her logic may well be far different than his. He shivered again.

He was tired, so very tired, from a heavy day's work in the Tabularium writing notes, carrying messages, and putting files in their proper places. Notes, and messages and files which held those orders that had resulted in cutting the sacred trees. He longed to lie down and surrender to a long and deep sleep, but his fear of the Goddess kept him from his pallet. He longed for sleep and yet he feared it as he feared agony and death.

He went to the tiny window and drew aside the curtain. Blackness looked back at him. No Moon Goddess to light the night, no stars to be seen through the thick clouded sky. A perfect night for the Goddess to wander at large taking her revenge. Lucius sat on a bench before a table littered with scrolls and message pads. He slumped over the table. He was very, very, afraid.

Marcus Audens

===========

Article 3--

----The Timetables of History----

As an amateur student of Roman History I have always had a basic difficulty in determining what the vertical time-line (time sequence) as well as the horizontal time line (History / Politics / art /literature / philosophy / religion / science / daily life) and how they fit together into a understandable history of the Roman Republic.

I further understand very well that there will be those who have a deeper and more detailed knowledge of Roman History than I, and whose libraries are more extensive. However, this project is simply to assist those who like myself, do not have a more detailed view of Roman Historical aspect.

Both of the below references focus for the most part on Western Europe, not because there are no other interesting events being done in the rest of the world during these periods but simply because of the amount of history to be undertaken in these texts. It is also understood that while one civilization in the sweep of human history often arises from another and borrows generously from a third or fourth and so on to formulate it's own unique culture. I must limit my list to the Etruscan / Roman civilizations to the end of the Roman Republic.

Others are invited to add important things which may escape me, of course, providing your references, so that students may read further into areas of their special interest. It is my hope that this thread will prove to be of interest to you.

Monarchy---

--800 to -701:--

-753 -- Foundation of the City of Rome by Romulus ( a mythical descendent of the hero of Troy, Aeneas);

-753 to -715 -- Romulus, first King of Rome, divides year into 10 months;

-715 to -673 -- Numa Pompilius (Sabine);

--700 to 601:--

-673 to -641 -- Tulius Hostilius (Latin);

-641 to -616 --Ancus Marcius (Sabine);

-616 to -579 -- Tarquinus Priscus (Tarquin I -- Etruscan);

--600 to 501:--

-579 to -534 -- Servius Tullius (Roman or Latin) -- last King of Rome but one, fortifies the city and establishes a class system based on property;

-534 to -509 -- Tarquinus Superbus (Tarquin The Proud or Tarquin II (Etruscan);

-509 -- King expelled from Rome. Foundation of the Republic. Lucius Junius Brutus and Collatinus become first Consuls;'

References:--

--Bernard Grun, "The Timetables of History -A Horizontal Linkage of People and Events," A Touchtone Book, Simon and Shuster pub., New York, et al, 1991 (ISBN 0-671-74271-X; pbk).

--Adkins and Adkins, "Handbook To Life In Ancient Rome," Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford, 1994, (ISBN 0-19-512332-8; pbk).

Marcus Audens

=======================

Very Respectfully Submitted;

Marcus Audens
Commentariorum Senioris
(Senior Editor), Nova Roma



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51185 From: Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Re: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Salve T. Flavius Aquila!

>T. Flavius Aquila Gaio Equitio Cato salutem plurimam dicit
>
>With the greatest respect for your comments, has
>a petition for a retrocession ever been tried
>before ? Of an existing temple in Rome , one
>which is not in ruins,but just waiting to be
>re-activated again ?
>One which can be used for a decent worship for the Roman Gods ?
>
>There are 1000 churches in Rome, there should be
>place for one temple for the Roman Gods.

You have my support for such a project, although
I am sure You understand the difficulties and the
opposition that it is bound to meet from most
Christian Churches.

>I hear very often, that´s probably not possible.
>Well I am convinced it is possible
>we just have to work for it. My Italian contacts
>have stated that it is not out of the
>question to retrocess a temple for the public worship,

If the Italians say so, why not research this
possibility. Nova Roma need one more common
project, especially in our Homeland.

>it would just be a give and take for Nova Roma, the Italian
>Pagan Groups and the state of Italy. Let´s try
>it ! Please don´t give up before we had the
>chance to try it.

Nothing is easy or gained for nothing, so as you
say let's try. Still I think the Italians need to
take the lead. As I don't read Italian I would
like to know what our Italian citizens say (I
have cc Senatores Franciscus Apulus Caesar and
Marcus Julius Perusianus).

>As a second option we would still have the idea
>to buy some land and build a fanum or temple in
>Rome.

Not that bad either.

>Jupiters temple without a roof ?

Yes I have heard that that is possible (Marcus
Moravius Piscinus Horatianus???).

>Vale optime
>Titus Flavius Aquila

--

Vale

Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus

Senator, Censorius et Consularis
Accensus LAF, Scribae Censoris GFBM
Praeses, Triumvir et Praescriptor Academia Thules ad S.R.A. et N.
Editor-in-Chief, Publisher and Owner of "Roman Times Quarterly"
Sodalitas Egressus Beneficarius et Praefectus Provincia Thules
Civis Romanus sum
************************************************
Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
"I'll either find a way or make one"
************************************************
Dignitas, Iustitia, Fidelitas et Pietas
Dignity, Justice, Loyalty and Dutifulness
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51186 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Your Recent Publication
Ladies and Gentlemen;

My congratulations to you on your excellent publication. I must admit that this is the first that I have read completely through since I have been somewhat taken up with getting my own quarterly commitments out due to the concerns with Editors and Publishers.

You have a very nice layout and masthead, and the articles are very interesting and also very informative. Well done my friends!! Well done!!!

Marcus Audens
Commentariorium Senoris
Nova Roma



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51187 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Contact Me Please
Master Publius Memmius Albucius

Sir;

Would you be so kind as to contact me off-line at :

Adjutant42@...

Thank you for your consideration of this request.

Respectfully

Marcus Audens



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51188 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: a.d. VI Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem VI Idus Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"In the battle against the clans of the Allobroges and Arverni on the
river Isere, on August 8th [121 BC], when 130,000 of the foe were
killed, the consul Quintus Fabius Maximus got rid of a quartan ague in
action." - Pliny

"As for Clodius, after driving Cicero away he burned down his villas,
and burned down his house, and erected on its site a temple to
Liberty; the rest of his property he offered for sale and had it
proclaimed daily, but nobody would buy anything. Being therefore
formidable to the patricians, and dragging along with him the people,
who indulged in great boldness and effrontery, he assailed Pompey,
attacking fiercely some of the arrangements made by him on his
expedition. The disgrace which this brought upon Pompey led him to
reproach himself for his abandonment of Cicero; and changing front he
used every effort to effect Cicero's return, and so did his friends.
But since Clodius opposed himself to this, the senate decided to
ratify no measure that came up in the mean time and to do no public
business, unless Cicero should be permitted to return. During the
consulship of Lentulus, however, when the disorder went on
increasing, so that tribunes were wounded in the forum and Quintus the
brother of Cicero lay unnoticed for dead among the slain, the people
began to change their minds, and Annius Milo, one of the tribunes,
first ventured to prosecute Clodius for violence, and many joined
themselves to Pompey both from the people and from the surrounding
cities. With these Pompey came forth, drove Clodius from the forum,
and summoned the citizens to the vote. And it is said that the
people never passed any vote with such unanimity. The senate, too,
vying with the people, wrote letters of thanks to all the cities which
had ministered to Cicero during his exile, and decreed that his house
and his villas, which Clodius had destroyed, should be restored at the
public cost.

Thus Cicero came home in the sixteenth month after his exile; and so
great was the joy of the cities and the eagerness of men to meet him
that what was said by Cicero afterwards fell short of the truth. He
said, namely, that Italy had taken him on her shoulders and carried
him into Rome. And there Crassus also, who was his enemy before his
exile, now readily met him and was reconciled with him, to gratify his
son Publius, as he said, who was an ardent admirer of Cicero. " -
Plutarch, "Lives", Cicero XXXIII

In 60 BC Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus (often referred to today
as the First Triumvirate) combined their resources and took control of
Roman politics. Recognizing his popularity and talents, they made
several attempts to get Cicero to join them, but Cicero hesitated and
eventually refused, preferring to remain loyal to the Senate and the
idea of the Republic. This left him open to attacks by his enemies,
and in January of 58 BC one of them, the tribune Clodius (a follower
of Caesar's), proposed a law to be applied retroactively stating that
anyone who killed a Roman citizen without trial would be stripped of
their citizenship and forced into exile. This proposal led to rioting
and physical attacks on Cicero, who fled the city. The law passed.
Cicero was forbidden to live within 500 miles of Italy, and all his
property was confiscated. This exile, during which Cicero could not
take part in politics, provided the time for his first period of
sustained philosophical study as an adult. After roughly a year and a
half of exile, the political conditions changed, his property was
restored to him, and he was allowed to return to Rome, which he did to
great popular approval, claiming that the Republic was restored with him.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Pliny, Plutarch, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51189 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Re: Contact Me Please
P. Memmius Albucius Sen. Audenti s.d.

I have just sent you a few lines to the communicated address.

Vale Senator,


P. Memmius Albucius


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "James Mathews"
<jmath669642reng@...> wrote:
>
> Master Publius Memmius Albucius
>
> Sir;
>
> Would you be so kind as to contact me off-line at :
>
> Adjutant42@...
>
> Thank you for your consideration of this request.
>
> Respectfully
>
> Marcus Audens
>
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51190 From: Thomas Vogel Date: 2007-08-08
Subject: Thomas Vogel/MUC/AMADEUS is out of the office.
I will be out of the office starting 09-08-2007 and will not return until
28-08-2007.

Please contact Mr.Tom Placidus, Ex. 3552
Thank you and have a nice day

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51191 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-09
Subject: a.d. V Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem V Idus Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"After his infantry was thus routed, and when, from the cloud of dust
which he saw, Pompey conjectured the fate of his cavalry, what
thoughts passed through his mind it were difficult to say; but he was
most like a man bereft of sense and crazed, who had utterly forgotten
that he was Pompey the Great, and without a word to any one, he walked
slowly off to his camp, exemplifying those verses of Homer:

'But Zeus the father, throned on high, in Ajax stirred up fear;
He stood confounded, and behind him cast his shield of seven ox-hides,
And trembled as he peered around upon the throng.' [Homer, Iliad
XI.544]

In such a state of mind he went to his tent and sat down speechless,
until many pursuers burst into the camp with the fugitives; then he
merely ejaculated; 'What! even to my quarters?' and without another
word rose up, took clothing suitable to his present fortune, and made
his escape. The rest of his legions also fled, and there was a great
slaughter in the camp of tent-guards and servants; but only six
thousand soldiers fell, according to Asinius Pollio, who fought in
that battle on the side of Caesar.

When Caesar's troops captured the camp, they beheld the vanity and
folly of the enemy. For every tent was wreathed with myrtle boughs and
decked out with flowered couches and tables loaded with beakers; bowls
of wine were also laid out, and preparation and adornment were those
of men who had sacrificed and were holding festival rather than of men
who were arming themselves for battle. With such infatuated hopes and
such a store of foolish confidence did they go forth to war." -
Plutarch, "Lives", Pompey 72

"But Caesar, when he reached Pompey's ramparts and saw those of the
enemy who were already lying dead there and those who were still
falling, said with a groan: "They would have it so; they brought me to
such a pass that if I, Caius Caesar, after waging successfully the
greatest wars, had dismissed my forces, I should have been condemned
in their courts." Asinius Pollio says that these words, which Caesar
afterwards wrote down in Greek, were uttered by him in Latin at the
time; he also says that most of the slain were servants who were
killed at the taking of the camp, and that not more than six thousand
soldiers fell. Most of those who were taken alive Caesar incorporated
in his legions, and to many men of prominence he granted immunity. One
of these was Brutus, who afterwards slew him. Caesar was distressed,
we are told, when Brutus was not to be found, but when he was brought
into his presence safe and sound, was pleased beyond measure." -
Plutarch, "Lives", Caesar 46

On this day in 48 BC, Julius Caesar defeated Pompey's troops at
Pharsalus, causing Pompey to flee to Egypt.


Today is a celebration in honor of Sol Indiges; there would be a
public sacrifice on the Quirinal hill in honour of the divinity Sol
Indiges. We know that Sol Indiges was some form of the Sun god, but
after that we are in the dark, so to speak. According to Varro, the
Sabine Titus Tatius established (presumably on the Quirinal Hill)
altars for various divinities including Sol (as well as Ops, Flora,
Vediovis, Saturn, Vulcan, Summanus, Larundus, Terminus, Quirinus,
Vortumnus, the Lares, and Diana Lucina). Quintilian says there was a
pulvinar (a couch) dedicated to Sol near the Temple of Quirinus on the
Quirinal, which is probably connected to this ritual somehow.

In regards to the epithet "Indiges", Scullard warns us of the
controversy associated with what it means: "the Indigetes have been
regarded as di minores (gods of limited function)", as 'native' (as
opposed to foreign) gods, or as ancestral gods. That it might refer to
native or ancestral gods is perhaps suggested by the list of
divinities (mentioned above) in which Sol is included. Servius,
commenting on Virgil's Georgics (1.48) doesn't appear to be sure
himself. He tells us that dii indigetes are divinities which were
created from humans; in other words, a sort of Roman/Italian
equivalent to the Greek hero cult. The emperor Heliogabalus later
introduced the cult of Sol Invictus (the Unconquered Sun), whose
festival on ante diem VIII Kalendas Ianuarius (25 December) would be
transformed into the Christian Feast of the Nativity.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Plutarch, H.H. Scullard, "Festivals and Ceremonies of the Roman
Republic",
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51192 From: titus.aquila Date: 2007-08-09
Subject: Re: A Temple for the Gods in Rome projects
Salve C. Fabius Buteo Quintilianus

Thank you very much for your support, our project is honored by your
support.

We know that we might or will receive opposition from the Christian
Churches, we will appeal on religious tolerance and with the support
of our Italian Allies, foremost the MTR (Movement Traditional Romano)
we will succeed, I am deeply convinced about this.
We even have one Italian supporter who is looking into buying some
land in Rome in the urbs,to help us building a temple, so we have
possible alternatives.

I am proud to say that our project is growing and gains more and
more support from Nova Roma and from within Italy , our homeland.

Vale optime
Titus Flavius Aquila

Salve T. Flavius Aquila!



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
<christer.edling@...> wrote:
>
> Salve T. Flavius Aquila!
>
> >T. Flavius Aquila Gaio Equitio Cato salutem plurimam dicit
> >
> >With the greatest respect for your comments, has
> >a petition for a retrocession ever been tried
> >before ? Of an existing temple in Rome , one
> >which is not in ruins,but just waiting to be
> >re-activated again ?
> >One which can be used for a decent worship for the Roman Gods ?
> >
> >There are 1000 churches in Rome, there should be
> >place for one temple for the Roman Gods.
>
> You have my support for such a project, although
> I am sure You understand the difficulties and the
> opposition that it is bound to meet from most
> Christian Churches.
>
> >I hear very often, that´s probably not possible.
> >Well I am convinced it is possible
> >we just have to work for it. My Italian contacts
> >have stated that it is not out of the
> >question to retrocess a temple for the public worship,
>
> If the Italians say so, why not research this
> possibility. Nova Roma need one more common
> project, especially in our Homeland.
>
> >it would just be a give and take for Nova Roma, the Italian
> >Pagan Groups and the state of Italy. Let´s try
> >it ! Please don´t give up before we had the
> >chance to try it.
>
> Nothing is easy or gained for nothing, so as you
> say let's try. Still I think the Italians need to
> take the lead. As I don't read Italian I would
> like to know what our Italian citizens say (I
> have cc Senatores Franciscus Apulus Caesar and
> Marcus Julius Perusianus).
>
> >As a second option we would still have the idea
> >to buy some land and build a fanum or temple in
> >Rome.
>
> Not that bad either.
>
> >Jupiters temple without a roof ?
>
> Yes I have heard that that is possible (Marcus
> Moravius Piscinus Horatianus???).
>
> >Vale optime
> >Titus Flavius Aquila
>
> --
>
> Vale
>
> Caeso Fabius Buteo Quintilianus
>
> Senator, Censorius et Consularis
> Accensus LAF, Scribae Censoris GFBM
> Praeses, Triumvir et Praescriptor Academia Thules ad S.R.A. et N.
> Editor-in-Chief, Publisher and Owner of "Roman Times Quarterly"
> Sodalitas Egressus Beneficarius et Praefectus Provincia Thules
> Civis Romanus sum
> ************************************************
> Aut inveniam viam aut faciam
> "I'll either find a way or make one"
> ************************************************
> Dignitas, Iustitia, Fidelitas et Pietas
> Dignity, Justice, Loyalty and Dutifulness
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51193 From: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com Date: 2007-08-10
Subject: Contribute to the Nova Roma Wiki, 8/10/2007, 12:00 pm
Reminder from:   Nova-Roma Yahoo! Group
 
Title:   Contribute to the Nova Roma Wiki
 
Date:   Friday August 10, 2007
Time:   12:00 pm - 1:00 pm
Repeats:   This event repeats every month.
Location:   http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Main_Page
Notes:   All citizens can contribute to the wiki. See http://www.novaroma.org/nr/NovaRoma:Project_of_the_Nundinum for the latest project.
 
Copyright © 2007  Yahoo! Inc. All Rights Reserved | Terms of Service | Privacy Policy
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51194 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-10
Subject: a.d. IV Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem IV Idus Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"So then spring is the most salubrious, next after it comes winter;
summer is rather more dangerous than salubrious, autumn is by far the
most dangerous. But as regards weather the best is that which is
settled, whether cold or hot, the worst that which is the most
changeable, and that is why autumn brings down the greatest number.
For generally about midday there is heat, but at night and in the
early morning, cold, as also in the evening. Thus the body, relaxed by
the preceding summer, and now by the midday heat, is caught by the
sudden cold. But while this chiefly occurs at this season, so whenever
the like happens harm is done.

In settled weather fine days are the most salubrious, rainy better
than foggy or cloudy days; and in winter the best days are those in
which there is an entire absence of wind, in summer those in which
westerly winds blow. As for the other winds, the northerly are more
salubrious than those from the sunrising or south; nevertheless, these
vary somewhat according to the character of the district. For almost
everywhere wind when coming from inland is salubrious, and injurious
when from the sea. And not only is health more assured in settled
weather, but pre-existing diseases also, if there have been any, are
milder and more quickly terminated. But the worst weather for the sick
man is that which has p89caused his sickness, so much so that a change
to weather of a naturally worse sort may be, in his condition,
salutary.

The middle period of life is the safest, for it is not disturbed by
the heat of youth, nor by the chill of age. Old age is more exposed to
chronic diseases, youth to acute ones. The square-built frame, neither
thin nor fat, is the fittest; for tallness, as it is graceful in
youth, shrinks in the fulness of age; a thin frame is weak, a fat one
sluggish.

In spring those diseases are usually to be apprehended which are
stirred up anew by movement of humor. Consequently there tend to arise
runnings from the eyes, pustules, haemorrhages, congestions in the
body, which the Greeks call apostemata, black bile which they call
μελανχολία,
madness, fits,
angina, choked nostrils, runnings from the
nose. Also those diseases which affect joints and sinews, being at one
time troublesome, at another quiescent, then especially both begin and
recur.

But summer, while not wholly exempt from most of the foregoing
maladies, adds to them fevers whether continued or ardent or tertian,
vomitings, diarrhoeas, earaches, oral ulcerations, cankers which occur
on other parts but especially upon the pudenda, and whatever exhausts
the patient by sweating.

In autumn there is scarcely one of the foregoing which does not
happen; but at this season in addition there arise irregular fevers,
splenic pain, subcutaneous dropsy, consumption, called by the Greeks
phthisis, urinary difficulty, which they call strangury, the small
intestine malady which they term ileos, the intestinal lubricity which
they call leienteria, hip-pains, fits. Autumn too is a season fatal
to those exhausted by chronic diseases and overwhelmed by the heat
just past, others it weakens by fresh maladies; and it involves some
in very chronic ones, especially quartan fevers, which may last even
through the winter. Nor is any other period of the year more exposed
to pestilence of whatever sort; although it is harmful in a variety of
ways.

Winter provokes headache, coughs, and all the affections which attack
the throat, and the sides of the chest and lungs." - A. Cornelius
Celsus, "On Medicine" II.1-9

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Celsus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51195 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-11
Subject: a.d. III Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem III Idus Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"Of the various sorts of weather, the north wind excites cough,
irritates the throat, constipates the bowels, suppresses the urine,
excites shiverings, as also pain of the lungs and chest. Nevertheless
it is bracing to a healthy body, rendering it more mobile and brisk.
The south wind dulls hearing, blunts the senses, produces headache,
loosens the bowels; the body as a whole is rendered sluggish, humid,
languid. The other winds, as they approximate to the north or south
wind, produce affections corresponding to the one or other. Moreover,
any hot weather inflates the liver and spleen, and dulls the mind; the
result is that there are faintings, that there is an outburst of
blood. Cold on the other hand brings about: at times tenseness of
sinews which the Greeks call spasmos, at times the rigor which they
call tetanos, the blackening of ulcerations, shiverings in fevers. In
times of drought there arise acute fevers, runnings from the eyes,
dysenteries, urinary difficulty, articular pains. In wet weather there
occur chronic fevers, diarrhoeas, angina, canker, fits, and the
loosening of sinews which the Greeks call paralysis. Not only does
the weather of the day but also of the preceding days matter. If a dry
winter has been accompanied by north winds, or again a spring by south
winds and rain, generally there ensue runnings from the eye,
dysenteries, fevers, and most of all in more delicate bodies, hence
especially in women. If on the other hand south winds and rain have
prevailed during winter, and the spring is cold and dry, pregnant
women near their confinement are in danger of miscarrying; those
indeed who reach term, give birth only to weaklings hardly alive.
Other people are attacked by dry ophthalmia, and if elderly by choked
nostrils and runnings from the nose. But when the south wind prevails
from the beginning of winter to the end of spring, side pains, also
the insanity of those in fever which is called phrenesis, are very
rapidly fatal. And when hot weather begins in the spring, and lasts
through the summer, severe sweating must ensue in cases of fever. If a
summer has been kept dry by northerly winds, but in the autumn there
are showers and south winds, there may then arise cough, runnings from
the nose, hoarseness, and indeed in some, consumption. But if the
autumn is dry owing to a north wind continuing to blow, all those with
more delicate bodies, among whom, as I have mentioned, are women,
enjoy good health. The harder constitutions, however, may possibly be
attacked by dry ophthalmias, and by fevers, some acute, some chronic,
also by those maladies which arise from black bile." - A. Cornelius
Celsus, "On Medicine" II.10-16

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Celsus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51196 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-12
Subject: prid. Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est prdie Idus Sextilis; haec dies comitialis est.

"Hermes, Herakles and Theseus, who are honoured in the gymnasium and
wrestling-ground according to a practice universal among Greeks, and
now common among barbarians." - Pausanias, Guide to Greece 4.32.1

"In Greece they worship a number of deified human beings ... Palaemon
throughout the whole of Greece, as also Hercules, Aesculapius, the
sons of Tyndareus." - Cicero, De Natura Deorum 3.15

Today is the Festival of Heracles (or Herakles or Hercules). Heracles
was a divine hero, the son of Zeus and Alcmene, stepson of Amphitryon
and great-grandson of Perseus. He was the greatest of the Greek
heroes, a paragon of masculinity, the ancestor of royal clans and a
champion of the Olympian order against a multitude of monsters. In
Rome and the modern West, he is known as Hercules, with whom the later
Roman Emperors, in particular Commodus and Maximinus, often identified
themselves. The Romans adopted the Greek version of his life and works
essentially unchanged, but added anecdotal detail of their own, some
of it linking the hero with the geography of the Western
Mediterranean.

Extraordinary strength, courage, ingenuity, and sexual prowess with
both males and females were among his characteristic attributes.
Together with Hermes he was the patron and protector of gymnasia and
palaestrae. His iconographic attributes are the lion skin and the
club. These qualities did not prevent him from being regarded as a
playful figure who used games to relax from his labors and played a
great deal with children. By conquering dangerous archaic forces he is
said to have "made the world safe for mankind" and to be its
benefactor (Aelian, Varia Historia 5.3).

A major factor in the well-known tragedies surrounding Heracles is the
hatred that the goddess Hera, wife of Zeus, had for him. A full
account of Heracles must render it clear why Hercules was so tormented
by Hera, when there are many illegitimate offspring sired by Zeus.
Heracles was the fruit of the affair Zeus had with the mortal woman
Alcmene. Zeus made love to her after disguising himself as her
husband, Amphitryon, home early from war. (Amphitryon did return later
the same night, and Alcmene became pregnant with his son at the same
time, a case of superfetation, where a woman carries twins sired by
different fathers. Thus, Heracles' very existence proved at least one
of Zeus's many illicit affairs, and Hera often conspired against
Zeus's mortal offspring, as revenge for her husband's infidelities.

On the night the twins only sharing the same mother were to be born,
Hera, knowing of her husband Zeus's adultery, persuaded Zeus to swear
an oath that the child born that night to a member of the House of
Perseus would be High King. Once the oath was sworn, Hera hurried to
Alcmene's dwelling and slowed the birth by sitting crosslegged with
her clothing tied in knots. Meanwhile, she caused another boy
Eurystheus to be born prematurely, making him High King in place of
Heracles. She would have permanently delayed Heracles' birth had she
not been foiled by Galanthis, her servant, who lied to her that she
had already delivered the baby. Upon hearing this Hera jumped in
surprise, therefore untying the knots and finally allowing Alcmene to
give birth. The child was originally given the name Alcides by his
parents; it was only later on that he became known as Heracles.

One of the boys, Iphicles, was Amphitryon's son and a mortal, while
the other was the demi-god Heracles. Heracles was named in an
unsuccessful attempt to mollify Hera. A few months after he was born,
Hera sent two serpents to kill him as he lay in his cot. Heracles
throttled a snake in each hand and was found by his nurse playing with
their limp bodies as if they were child's toys.

After killing his music tutor with a lute, he was sent to tend cattle
on a mountain by his foster father Amphitryon. Here, he was visited by
two nymphs - Pleasure and Virtue - who offered him a choice between a
pleasant and easy life or a severe but glorious life. He chose the
latter. One of Hercules' challenges was put to him by King Thespius of
Thespia who wished him to impregnate each of his 50 daughters.
According to the legend, Hercules did this in one night.

Later in Thebes, Heracles married King Creon's daughter, Megara.
However, Hera drove Hercules into a fit of madness during which he
killed his wife and children. Upon realizing what he had done, he fled
to the Oracle of Delphi. Unbeknownst to him, the Oracle was guided by
Hera. He was directed to serve King Eurystheus for 12 years and
perform any task which he required, resulting in The Twelve Labors of
Hercules.

After completing these tasks, Hercules joined the Argonauts in the
search of the Golden Fleece. They rescued heroines, conquered Troy,
and helped the gods fight against the Gigantes. He also fell in love
with Princess Iole of Oechalia. Hercules' advances were spurned by the
king and his sons, except for one - Iole's brother Iphitus. Iphitus
became Heracles best friend. But once again, Hera drove Hercules mad
and he threw Iphitus over the city wall to his death. Once again,
Hercules purified himself through servitude - this time to Queen
Omphale of Lydia.

While walking through the wilderness, Heracles was set upon by the
Dryopians. He killed their king, Theiodamas, and the others gave up
and offered him Prince Hylas. He took the youth on as his weapons
bearer and beloved. Years later, Heracles and Hylas joined the crew of
the Argo. As Argonauts they only participated in part of the journey.
In Mysia, Hylas was kidnapped by a nymph. Heracles, heartbroken,
searched for a long time but Hylas had fallen in love with the nymphs
and never showed up again. The ship set sail without them.

During the course of his life, Heracles married three times. His first
marriage was to Megara, whose three children he murdered in a fit of
madness and whom he later gave in marriage to his beloved Iolaus,
because the sight of her was too painful. His second wife was Omphale,
the Lydian queen or princess to whom he was delivered as a slave.

His last marriage was to Deianira, for whom he had to fight the river
god Achelous. (Upon Achelous' death, Heracles removed one of his horns
and gave it to some nymphs who turned it into the cornucopia.) Soon
after they wed, Heracles and Deianira had to cross a river, and a
centaur named Nessus offered to help Deianeira across but then
attempted to rape her. Enraged, Heracles shot the centaur from the
opposite shore with a poisoned arrow (tipped with the Lernean Hydra's
blood) and killed him. As he lay dying, Nessus plotted revenge and
told Deianira to gather up his blood and spilled semen and, if she
ever wanted to make prevent Heracles from having affairs with other
women, she should apply them to his vestments. Nessus knew that his
blood had become tainted by the poisonous blood of the Hydra, and
would burn through the skin of anyone it touched.

Later, when Deianira suspected that Heracles was fond of Iole, she
soaked a shirt of his in the mixture. Heracles' servant, Lichas,
brought him the shirt and he put it on. Instantly he was in agony, the
cloth burning into him. As he tried to remove it the flesh ripped from
his bones. Heracles chose a voluntary death, asking that a pyre be
built for him to end his suffering. After death the gods transformed
him into an immortal, or alternatively, the fire burned away the
mortal part of the demi-god, so that only the god remained. Because
his mortal parts had been incinerated, he could now become a full god
and join his father and the other Olympians on Mount Olympus. He then
married Hebe.

No one but Heracles' friend Philoctetes (in some versions: Iolaus or
Poeas) would light his funeral pyre. For this action, Philoctetes (or
Poeas) received Heracles' bow and arrows, which were later needed by
the Greeks to defeat Troy in the Trojan War. Philoctetes confronted
Paris and shot a poisoned arrow at him. The Hydra poison would
subsequently lead to the death of Paris.

Another episode of his female affairs that stands out was his stay at
the palace of King Thespios, who encouraged Heracles to make love to
his daughters, all fifty of them, in one night. They all got pregnant
and all bore sons. Many of the kings of ancient Greece traced their
lines to one or another of these, notably the kings of Sparta and
Macedon.

As paragon of masculinity and warriorship, Heracles also had a number
of male lovers. Plutarch, in his Erotikos, maintains that Heracles'
eromenoi (male lovers) were beyond counting. Of these, the one most
closely linked to Heracles is the Theban Iolaus. Their story, an
initiatory myth thought to be of ancient origin, contains many of the
elements of the Greek pederastic apprenticeship in which the older
warrior is the educator and the younger his helper in battle. Thus
Iolaus is Heracles' charioteer and squire. Also in keeping with the
initiatory pattern of the relationship, Heracles in the end gives his
pupil a wife, symbolizing his entry into adulthood. Iolaus' ritual
functions parallelled his relationship with Heracles. He was a patron
of male love — Plutarch reports that down to his own time male couples
would go to Iolaus' tomb in Thebes to swear an oath of loyalty to the
hero and to each other (Plutarch, Erotikos 761d) — and he presided
over initiations in the historical era, such as the one at Agyrion in
central Sicily. The tomb of Iolaus is also mentioned by Pindar
(Pindar, Olympian Odes 9.98-99). Another such story is the one of his
love for Nireus, who was "the most beautiful man who came beneath
Ilion" (Iliad, 673). Ptolemy adds that certain authors made Nireus out
to be a son of Heracles, a fact thought to authenticate this tradition
(Ptolemaeus Chennus, in Photius' "Bibliotheca" 147b).

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Pausanius, Cicero, Homer, Pindar, Ptolomeus, Plutarch, Aelian,
Wikipedia (ed.)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51197 From: A. Sempronius Regulus Date: 2007-08-12
Subject: Gaius Equitius Cato
Salvete,

While I agree with our local "governor" (I put quotes
not to question him but only that I'm not current on
the officially approved terminology. My sons are home
from college, and, my wife and I wish to spend all the
time we get with them. This sigression is to justify
my not paying enough attention to the current title
usage. Our sons will be spending less and less time
with their parents. So, we hog the time now that we
can get. Forgive.) that Nova Roma needs to develop
more local and real life connections for NR citizens
to meet and gather, I would really like to acknowledge
that the main list is the main artery, currently, for
there being a Nova Roma.

One of the singlemost and faithfully unexcelled
contributors to the survival and continuity of Nova
Roma is Gaius Equitius Cato. Without fail, we have the
calendar and the significance of each date everyday.
Without fail, he posts the calendar. Without fail, his
posts are the thread of continuity in Nova Roma. In
all citizens no doubt busy lives, including our Gaius
Equitius Cato, he displays a steadfastness whether
anyone notices or not. I would here like to
acknowledge, publically on the main NR list, and other
NR lists, that his contribution is immensely
appreciated. Each day I log in, the day's calendar is
faithly there from Cato. He is, with faithful
dedication, one of the quiet and constant sinews of
Nova Roma.

I celebrate Gaius Equitius Cato! (Sorry if I'm not
more eloquent. I'm trained to write hard and dry
reports from research. Perhaps others could compose a
poem to our Cato.) I recommend we all acknowledge his
valuable contribution. I sometimes think we enjoy and
benefit from the efforts of others and that we
mistakely take that as routine and as "normally the
course of things" without realizing the dedication and
efforts that individuals quietly contribute. Again, I
celebrate Cato!



A. Sempronius Regulus

America Austrorientalis


Vincit qui se vincit. - Seneca
Vivere disce, cogita mori. - Cicero
Ubi spiritus est cantus est. - Sempronius Atratinus

ANNI MMDCCLX AVC (anno urbis conditae - a.u.c.)





____________________________________________________________________________________
Fussy? Opinionated? Impossible to please? Perfect. Join Yahoo!'s user panel and lay it on us. http://surveylink.yahoo.com/gmrs/yahoo_panel_invite.asp?a=7
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51198 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-12
Subject: Re: Gaius Equitius Cato
"A. Sempronius Regulus" <a_sempronius_regulus@...> writes:

[in part]
> Perhaps others could compose a poem to our Cato.

Higgledy piggledy
Cato the calendar
Keeper of day lore
In Roma the new.

Keeps us informed
Of events from times past
He comes with each morning
As constant as dew.


CN•EQVIT•MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51199 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Tomis - photos.
SALVETE!

The roman archaeological area of the ancient Tomis is an impressive
historical place.
Starting tomorrow I'll continue my vacation, but until then, I want to
present you some interesting photos:

http://www.dacia-novaroma.org/tomis.htm

See all of you soon and thank you aedile Artoria Marcella for your
kind words, one week ago.

VALETE,
IVL SABINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51200 From: dave bustillos Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
Salve,
Excellent!!
Vale,
Luci

Titus Iulius Sabinus <iulius_sabinus@...> wrote:
SALVETE!

The roman archaeological area of the ancient Tomis is an impressive
historical place.
Starting tomorrow I'll continue my vacation, but until then, I want to
present you some interesting photos:

http://www.dacia-novaroma.org/tomis.htm

See all of you soon and thank you aedile Artoria Marcella for your
kind words, one week ago.

VALETE,
IVL SABINVS






---------------------------------
Ready for the edge of your seat? Check out tonight's top picks on Yahoo! TV.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51201 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Id. Sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est Idibus Sextilibus; haec dies nefastus publicus est.

"That god, Vertumnus, whose name fits many forms,
Wasn't yet so-called from damning back the river (averso amne)." -
Ovid, Fasti VI

"It is for me [Vertumnus] that the first grape darkens on the purpling
cluster, and the spiky corn-ear swells with milky grain; at my feet
you see sweet cherries, at my feet autumn plums and the mulberry
blushing in the summertime...[m]y nature suits any role: turn me to
which you wish, and I shall fit it well." - Propertius, Elegies 4.2



Today is the celebration of the Vertumnalia, dedicated to the god
Vertumnus. Vertumnus is the Roman divinity of seasons, changes and
ripening of plant life. He is the patron of gardens and fruit trees.
He has the power to change himself into various forms, and used this
to gain the favor of the goddess Pomona - in Ovid's "Metamorphoses",
he tricked Pomona into talking to him by disguising himself as an old
woman and gaining entry to her orchard, then eventually convincing her
into marrying him. Vertumnus' cult was introduced in Rome around 300
BC and a temple was built on the Aventine Hill in 264 BC. A statue of
Vertumnus stood at the Vicus Tuscus.


"Bear me, Pomona, to thy citron groves,
To where the lemon and the piercing lime,
With the deep orange, glowing through the green,
Their lighter glories blend. Lay me reclined
Beneath the spreading tamarind, that shakes,
Fanned by the breeze, its fever-cooling fruit." - Thompson

Vertumnus' close association with Pomonoa gives her a place in today's
festivities as well. Pomona is the Roman goddess of fruiting trees
and orchards. She watches over and protects fruit trees and cares for
their cultivation, and in fact Her name is from the Latin pomum,
fruit. She is an expert in pruning and grafting, and was so absorbed
in this labor of love that she turned away many suitors, including
Priapus and Silenus, who was part of the entourage of Dionysos. But
Vertumnus, the God of gardens and orchards, persisted, and finally won
her by appearing to her in his own true beauty.

Pomona and Her husband Vertumnus were listed among the Numina, or
guardian spirits of Roman mythology, who watched over people or over
aspects of the home or fields, in their case, of course, orchards and
gardens. She had her own priest in Rome, the Flamen Pomonalis, and a
grove sacred to her called the Pomonal was located not far from Ostia,
the old port of Rome.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Ovid, Propertius, Wikipedia, Encyclopedia Mythica
(http://www.pantheon.org),
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51202 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
P. Memmius Albucius Iulio s.d.

Very interesting and informative pictures, as usual, amice! It brings
us roman mental food during our deep summer weeks!

Congratulations, and have nice holidays !

Vale bene,


Memmius
Leg. pp. Galliae






--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Titus Iulius Sabinus"
<iulius_sabinus@...> wrote:
>
> SALVETE!
(..)
>I want to present you some interesting photos:
>
> http://www.dacia-novaroma.org/tomis.htm
(..)
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51203 From: pompeia_minucia_tiberia Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
---Salve Titus Iulius Sabinus Amicus, Salvete Omnes:

Informative and breathtaking collection of photos, as always.

Thanks for taking the time once again to contribute to the culture
aspect of our republic.

You are a very good photographer, btw. Photos are so balanced and
show so much detail.

I hope your holiday continues to go well.

Valete
Pompeia

In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Titus Iulius Sabinus"
<iulius_sabinus@...> wrote:
>
> SALVETE!
>
> The roman archaeological area of the ancient Tomis is an impressive
> historical place.
> Starting tomorrow I'll continue my vacation, but until then, I want
to
> present you some interesting photos:
>
> http://www.dacia-novaroma.org/tomis.htm
>
> See all of you soon and thank you aedile Artoria Marcella for your
> kind words, one week ago.
>
> VALETE,
> IVL SABINVS
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51204 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-13
Subject: Re: Tomis - photos.
Salve Sabine,

Very nice! Thanks for sharing.

Vale,

CN-EQVIT-MARINVS

Titus Iulius Sabinus <iulius_sabinus@...> writes:

> SALVETE!
>
> The roman archaeological area of the ancient Tomis is an impressive
> historical place.
> Starting tomorrow I'll continue my vacation, but until then, I want to
> present you some interesting photos:
>
> http://www.dacia-novaroma.org/tomis.htm
>
> See all of you soon and thank you aedile Artoria Marcella for your
> kind words, one week ago.
>
> VALETE,
> IVL SABINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51205 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-14
Subject: post. Id. sext.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est postridie Idus Sextilis; haec dies fastus est.

"At last he [Augustus Caesar] broke off his alliance with Marcus
Antonius, which was always doubtful and uncertain, and with difficulty
kept alive by various reconciliations; and the better to show that his
rival had fallen away from conduct becoming a citizen, he had the will
which Antony had left in Rome, naming his children by Cleopatra among
his heirs, opened and read before the people. But when Antony was
declared a public enemy, he sent back to him all his kinsfolk and
friends, among others Gaius Sosius and Titus Domitius, who were still
consuls at the time. He also excused the community of Bononia from
joining in the rally of all Italy to his standards, since they had
been from ancient days dependents of the Antonii. Not long afterwards
he won the sea-fight at Actium, where the contest continued to so late
an hour that the victor passed the night on board. Having gone into
winter quarters at Samos after Actium, he was disturbed by the news of
a mutiny of the troops that he had selected from every division of his
army and sent on to Brundisium after the victory, who demanded their
rewards and discharge; and on his way back to Italy he twice
encountered storms at sea, first between the headlands of the
Peloponnesus and Aetolia, and again off the Ceraunian mountains. In
both places a part of his galleys were sunk, while the rigging of the
ship in which he was sailing was carried away and its rudder broken.
He delayed at Brundisium only twenty-seven days — just long enough to
satisfy all the demands of the soldiers — and then went to Egypt by a
roundabout way through Asia and Syria, laid siege to Alexandria, where
Antony had taken refuge with Cleopatra, and soon took the city.
Although Antony tried to make terms at the eleventh hour, Augustus
forced him to commit suicide, and viewed his corpse. He greatly
desired to save Cleopatra alive for his triumph, and even had Psylli
brought to her, to suck the poison from her wound, since it was
thought that she had died from the bite of an asp. He allowed them
both the honour of burial, and in the same tomb, giving orders that
the mausoleum which they had begun should be finished. The young
Antony, the elder of Fulvia's two sons, he dragged from the image of
the Deified Julius, to which he had fled after many vain entreaties,
and slew him. Caesarion, too, whom Cleopatra fathered on Caesar, he
overtook in his flight, brought back, and put to death. But he spared
the rest of the offspring of Antony and Cleopatra, and afterwards
maintained and reared them according to their several positions, as
carefully as if they were his own kin.

About this time he had the sarcophagus and body of Alexander the Great
brought forth from its shrine, and after gazing on it, showed his
respect by placing upon it a golden crown and strewing it with
flowers; and being then asked whether he wished to see the tomb of the
Ptolemies as well, he replied, "My wish was to see a king, not
corpses." He reduced Egypt to the form of a province, and then to
make it more fruitful and better adapted to supply the city with
grain, he set his soldiers at work cleaning out all the canals into
which the Nile overflows, which in the course of many years had become
choked with mud. To extend the fame of his victory at Actium and
perpetuate his memory, he founded a city called Nicopolis near Actium,
and provided for the celebration of games there every five years;
enlarged the ancient temple of Apollo; and after adorning the site of
the camp which he had occupied with naval trophies, consecrated it to
Neptune and Mars." - Seutonius, "Lives of the Twelve Caesars",
Augustus 17-18

"In the course of the summer Caesar [Augustus, at this time still
known as Octavian] crossed over to Greece and to Italy; and when he
entered the city, not only all the citizens offered sacrifice, as has
been mentioned, but even the consul Valerius Potitus. Caesar, to be
sure, was consul all that year as for the two preceding years, but
Potitus was the successor of Sextus. It was he who publicly and in
person offered sacrifices on behalf of the senate and of the people
upon Caesar's arrival, a thing that had never been done in the case of
any other person. After this Caesar bestowed eulogies and honours upon
his lieutenants, as was customary, and to Agrippa he further granted,
among other distinctions, a dark blue flag in honour of his naval
victory, and he gave gifts to the soldiers; to the people he
distributed four hundred sesterces apiece, first to the men who were
adults, and afterwards to the children because of his nephew
Marcellus. In view of all this, and because he would not accept from
the cities of Italy the gold required for the crowns they had voted
him, and because, furthermore, he not only paid all the debts he
himself owed to others, as has been stated, but also did not insist on
the payment of others' debts to him, the Romans forgot all their
unpleasant experiences and viewed his triumph with pleasure, quite as
if the vanquished had all been foreigners. So vast an amount of
money, in fact, circulated through all parts of the city alike, that
the price of goods rose and loans for which the borrower had been glad
to pay twelve per cent. could now be had for one third that rate. As
for the triumph, Caesar celebrated on the first day his victories over
the Pannonians and Dalmatians, the Iapydes and their neighbours, and
some Germans and Gauls. For Gaius Carrinas had subdued the Morini
and others who had revolted with them, and had repulsed the Suebi, who
had crossed the Rhine to wage war. Not only did Carrinas, therefore,
celebrate the triumph,— and that notwithstanding that his father had
been put to death by Sulla and that he himself along with the others
in like condition had once been debarred from holding office,— but
Caesar also celebrated it, since the credit of the victory properly
belonged to his position as supreme commander. This was the first
day's celebration. On the second day the naval victory at Actium was
commemorated, and on the third the subjugation of Egypt. Now all the
processions proved notable, thanks to the spoils from Egypt,— in such
quantities, indeed, had spoils been gathered there that they sufficed
for all the processions,— but the Egyptian celebration surpassed them
all in costliness and magnificence. Among other features, an effigy
of the dead Cleopatra upon a couch was carried by, so that in a way
she, too, together with the other captives and with her children,
Alexander, also called Helios, and Cleopatra, called also Selene, was
a part of the spectacle and a trophy in the procession. After this
came Caesar, riding into the city behind them all. He did everything
in the customary manner, except that he permitted his fellow-consul
and the other magistrates, contrary to precedent, to follow him along
with the senators who had participated in the victory; for it was
usual for such officials to march in advance and for only the senators
to follow.

After finishing this celebration Caesar dedicated the temple of
Minerva, called also the Chalcidicum, and the Curia Iulia, which had
been built in honour of his father. In the latter he set up the statue
of Victory which is still in existence, thus signifying that it was
from her that he had received the empire. It had belonged to the
people of Tarentum, whence it was now brought to Rome, placed in the
senate-chamber, and decked with the spoils of Egypt. The same course
was followed in the case of the shrine of Julius which was consecrated
at this time, for many of these spoils were placed in it also; and
others were dedicated to Jupiter Capitolinus and to Juno and Minerva,
after all the objects in these temples which were supposed to have
been placed there previously as dedications, or were actually
dedications, had by decree been taken down at this time as defiled.
Thus Cleopatra, though defeated and captured, was nevertheless
glorified, inasmuch as her adornments repose as dedications in our
temples and she herself is seen in gold in the shrine of Venus.

At the consecration of the shrine to Julius there were all kinds of
contests, and the boys of the patricians performed the equestrian
exercise called "Troy," and men of the same rank contended with
chargers, with pairs, and with four-horse teams; furthermore, one
Quintus Vitellius, a senator, fought as a gladiator. Wild beasts and
tame animals were slain in vast numbers, among them a rhinoceros and a
hippopotamus, beasts then seen for the first time in Rome. As regards
the nature of the hippopotamus, it has been described by many and far
more have seen it. The rhinoceros, on the other hand, is in general
somewhat like an elephant, but it has also a horn on its very nose and
has got its name because of this. These beasts, accordingly, were
brought in, and moreover Dacians and Suebi fought in crowds with one
another. The latter are Germans, the former Scythians of a sort. The
Suebi, to be exact, dwell beyond the Rhine (though many people
elsewhere claim their name), and the Dacians on both sides of the
Ister; those of the latter, however, who live on this side of the
river near the country of the Triballi are reckoned in with the
district of Moesia and are called Moesians, except by those living in
the immediate neighbourhood, while those on the other side are called
Dacians and are either a branch of the Getae are Thracians belonging
to the Dacian race that once inhabited Rhodope. Now these Dacians had
before this time sent envoys to Caesar; but when they obtained none of
their requests, they went over to Antony. They proved of no great
assistance to him, however, owing to strife among themselves, and some
who were afterwards captured were now matched against the Suebi. The
whole spectacle lasted many days, as one would expect, and there was
no interruption, even though Caesar fell ill, but it was carried on in
his absence under the direction of others. On one of the days of this
celebration the senators gave banquets in the vestibules of their
several homes; but what the occasion was for their doing this, I do
not know, since it is not recorded." - Cassius Dio, "The Roman
Histories" 51.21-22

On this day in 29 BC, Augustus returned to Rome in triumph after
defeating Marcus Antonius and Cleopatra VII, the Queen of Egypt, at
Actium.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Seutonius, Cassius Dio
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51206 From: James Mathews Date: 2007-08-14
Subject: Free Public Lectures
Ladies and Gentlemen of Nova Roma;

The latest information regarding free lectures in the U.S. has been received and I am pleased to pass it on to you.

===========================

"Placing Roman Women: Life, Luxury, and Longevity at a Lusitanian Villa" -- Dr. Maja Langley,

Alabama --Chan Auditorium, Admin. Science Bldg., UAH, Sept. 26, 7:30 P.M.
Contact: Lillian B. Joyce, joycel@...

--------------------------------------------

"Pirates and Romans: Roman Cities of the Rough Cilicia Coast; Dr. Michael Hoff, Univ. of Nebraska

Central Illinois (Champaign/ Urbana), Oct. 08, 5:30 P.M.
Contact: Jane M. Goldberg: jgoldber@...

Central Indiana, University of Nebraska, Oct
07, 2:00 P.M., De Boest Lecture Hall, Indianapolis Museum of Art, 4000 Michigan Road, Indianapolis.
Contact: Robert F. Sutton: rfsutton@iupui,edu
----------------------------------------

"Roman Athens: The Transformation Into An Imperial City," Dr. Michael Hoff, University of Nebraska,

Western Illinois (Monmouth); Western Illinois University, Oct. 09, 7:30 P.M., Rom 109, Morgan Hall, Macomb, Illinois.
Contact: Thomas J. Sienkewicz: toms@...
------------------------------------------

"Themes of Prophecy in Etruscan, Greek, and Roman Art," Dr. Nancy Degrummond, Florida State Univ.

Western Mass., Amherst College, Fayerweather 115, (Pruyne Auditorium).
Contact: Scott Bradbury: sbradbur@...
-------------------------------------------

""A Monumental Cargo; The Roman Column Wreck at Kiziburun, Turkey," Dr. Deborah Carlson, Texas A. & M. Univ.

Nebraska (Lincoln/Omaha), Sept. 30, 2:00 P.M. Josslyn Art Museum, Abbott Lecture Hall,2201 Dodge St. Omaha.
Contact: Michael Hoff: mhofl@...
------------------------------------------

"Anemurium,: History and Life of a Roman City in Southern Turkey," Dr. James Russell, Univ. of British Columbia.

Cornell Univ., Goldwin Smith Hall.
Contact: Phil Sapirstein: pns6@...

Reference:

Archaeological Institute of America

Respectfully Submitted;

Marcus Audens
Commentarium Senoris



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51207 From: C. Curius Saturninus Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Latin courses at Academia Thules!
Salvete omnes,

Soon it's Autumn again and time to start thinking about more refined
things and self-improvement, such as studying Latin. Academia Thules
is right there to help you with that particular project by offering
several interesting Latin courses for you!

To see all our courses, please check the website Study Guide pages
at: http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide

Here's a short reminder of the high-ligths:

1) Master Latin grammary on Wheelock-based courses
2) Gain fluency also in spoken Latin to impress your fellow Romans on
Assmil-courses


1) Master Latin grammary in Wheelock-based courses

Wheelock-based courses LL-P-2 Grammatica Latina I and LL-B-2
Grammatica Latina II are rather traditional, but well approved Latin
courses where you'll learn to master the Latin language. Teacher is
A. Tullia Scholastica. Courses start on September 17th and 10th, so
we recommend you to acquire the needed textbooks as soon as possible.
Please see for more information about the courses the Academia Thules
Study Guide:

http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
mainll.html#ll-p-2
http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
mainll.html#ll-b-2

Easy Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk link for the course textbook can be
found from Academia Thules Bookstore (scroll down until you see the
appropriate course code): http://www.academiathules.org/bookstore

If you have an access to the Academia Thules CMS already, you can
enroll to the courses by yourself in near future when courses will be
opened for enrolments.

If you are not a current student in Academia Thules, please go to our
website and register yourself as a student by following instructions at:
http://www.academiathules.org/admissions

Please read carefully the information provided about studying and
courses in the Study Guide: http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/
facultaslitterarum


2) Gain fluency also in spoken Latin and impress your fellow Romans
on Assimil-courses

Assimil-method courses LL-B-1A Sermo Latinus I and LL-B-1B Sermo
Latinus II are aimed for spoken fluency in Latin. By exercise you'll
learn to speak Latin within a few months time. Teacher is A. Gratius
Avitus. Courses start on 15th of October, so we recommend you to
acquire the needed textbook and audio material as soon as possible.
Note that the mandatory textbook is available only in Italian and
French, but English translation will be provided to those who have
bought either version of the textbook. There's also an option of
doing the courses in faster pace in the combined LL-B-1AB Sermo
Latinus I&II course. Please see more information about the courses in
the Academia Thules Study Guide:

http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
mainll.html#ll-b-1a
http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
mainll.html#ll-b-1b
http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
mainll.html#ll-b-1ab

Easy Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk link for the course textbook can be
found at Academia Thules Bookstore (scroll down until you'll see the
appropriate course code): http://www.academiathules.org/bookstore

If you have access to the Academia Thules CMS already, you can enroll
to the courses by yourself in near future when courses are opened for
enrolments.

If you are not current student in Academia Thules, please go to our
website and register yourself as a student by following instructions at:
http://www.academiathules.org/admissions

Please read carefully the information provided about studying and
courses from the Study Guide: http://www.academiathules.org/
studyguide/facultaslitterarum

Valete,


C. Curius Saturninus

Senator - Aedilis Plebis - Propraetor Provinciae Thules
Rector Academia Thules ad Studia Romana Antiqua et Nova

e-mail: c.curius@...
www.academiathules.org





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51208 From: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Join your provincial mailing list. , 8/15/2007, 12:00 pm
Reminder from:   Nova-Roma Yahoo! Group
 
Title:   Join your provincial mailing list.
 
Date:   Wednesday August 15, 2007
Time:   12:00 pm - 1:00 pm
Repeats:   This event repeats every month.
Location:   http://novaroma.org/nr/Provincia_(Nova_Roma)
Notes:   Join your provincial mailing list to meet fellow citizens and get active locally. Don't just lurk! Send a message, set up a meeting and get involved!

Provincial mailing lists are listed in the wiki. Go to http://novaroma.org/nr/Provincia_%28Nova_Roma%29
 
Copyright © 2007  Yahoo! Inc. All Rights Reserved | Terms of Service | Privacy Policy
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51209 From: l_fidelius_graecus Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: The Last Legion
Salvete Omnes!

For your information or rather, entertainment...


The Last Legion (premieres in the US August 17th)

The film is loosely inspired by the events of 5th century European
history, notably the collapse of the Western Roman Empire under its
last emperor, Romulus Augustus. This is coupled with other facts from
the history of Britain and fantastic elements from the legend of King
Arthur to provide a historical basis for the Arthurian legend.

The film begins shortly before the coronation of Romulus as emperor
in 470. His father, Orestes, is the commanding general of the Roman
army. Odoacer, leader of the barbarian foederati army, makes certain
demands on Orestes the night prior to coronation, which Orestes
rebuffs.

On the day of the coronation, Rome is attacked by the barbarians,
Orestes is killed, and Romulus is exiled to Capri along with his
shamanistic advisor Ambrosinus. While on Capri he finds and acquires
the mythical sword Excalibur.

Romulus is rescued from Capri by the loyal general Aurelius and some
surviving legions, accompanied by a black-clad Byzantine warrior
named Mira. They seek the help of the Byzantines, but learn that the
Byzantines have betrayed them and sided with Odoacer. Romulus and
Aurelius choose to seek refuge in Britain, where the Ninth Legion
remains loyal.
(from Wikipedia)

Trailer at Yahoo: http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/1809355123/trailer
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51210 From: Julilla Sempronia Magna Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Announcement: New Prov. America Boreoccidentalis group
Salvete omnes, particularly those cives residing in Provincia America Boreoccidentalis,
comprising the US states of Oregon, Idaho, Washington and Alaska.

A new discussion group has been created for you to connect with local cives NovaRomani
living in your area! You can join in here: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/america-
boreoccidentalis/

I invite you all to join in; also, if you have questions or would like to get involved, please
contact me directly at julilla [at] villaivlilla dot com.

dii vos bene ament!

Julilla Sempronia Magna
legata pro praetore
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51211 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Re: The Last Legion
P. Memmius Albucius Fidelio et omnibus s.d.

Interesting movie release !

I have watched the trailer (thanks for the link, Graece !), and I was
first pleased to find in it the references to previous movies. 'The
Last legion' (adapted from Italian author Valerio Manfredi, 2002)
seems thus a mix of Excalibur, Gladiator, Alexandre, 300, the Lord of
the rings, etc. (sure I'm forgetting a few of them, as important!).
The head of the statue on the beach is undoubtely a funny sign to
the 'Planet of the apes', etc..

Then, the issuing is interesting in itself because it is
representative of a trend, appeared several years ago, to try
reconsidering more attentively the late Roman Empire and the first
European kingdoms which took its place in the beginning of the 6th
century. There are more scholar studies, more war games, more
reenactment associations, etc..

Another trend is this of a researched direct relation between Roman
empire and Britain kingdom, represented by Arthur, whose uncertain
historicity could be shared between 2nd c. L. Artorius Castus, and
both Riothamus and Ambrosius Aurelianus (around 470).
In this mind, Arthur would appear to be one of the only
three 'authorized' heirs of romanity at the beginning of the 6th
century, beside the Emperor of Orient and the King of Francs. When
the Emperor would draw his legitimacy from the law, Clovis from
(Christian) God (God's voice in battle of Tolbiac) and Arthur from
the sword (Excalibur whose name would come from 'ensis caliburnus' -
Chalybian made sword (for Iulius Caesar!).... why not?!). Interesting
triad, no ?

People could also see an interesting parallel between 518 and our
century (WW II at least), in the 'last shrine' which has to be
Britannia to face the foreign invasion.

Last, it will overall no doubt bring us reading once more, or for the
first time, a few lines on the history of Rome at this time. And,
even if Manfredi and 'Last legion' story remains a beautiful tale,
this reading will have been useful!

So... tibi gratias Graece!


P. Memmius Albucius











--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "l_fidelius_graecus"
<l_fidelius_graecus@...> wrote:
>
> Salvete Omnes!
>
> For your information or rather, entertainment...
>
>
> The Last Legion (premieres in the US August 17th)
>
> The film is loosely inspired by the events of 5th century European
> history, notably the collapse of the Western Roman Empire under its
> last emperor, Romulus Augustus. This is coupled with other facts
from
> the history of Britain and fantastic elements from the legend of
King
> Arthur to provide a historical basis for the Arthurian legend.
>
> The film begins shortly before the coronation of Romulus as emperor
> in 470. His father, Orestes, is the commanding general of the Roman
> army. Odoacer, leader of the barbarian foederati army, makes
certain
> demands on Orestes the night prior to coronation, which Orestes
> rebuffs.
>
> On the day of the coronation, Rome is attacked by the barbarians,
> Orestes is killed, and Romulus is exiled to Capri along with his
> shamanistic advisor Ambrosinus. While on Capri he finds and
acquires
> the mythical sword Excalibur.
>
> Romulus is rescued from Capri by the loyal general Aurelius and
some
> surviving legions, accompanied by a black-clad Byzantine warrior
> named Mira. They seek the help of the Byzantines, but learn that
the
> Byzantines have betrayed them and sided with Odoacer. Romulus and
> Aurelius choose to seek refuge in Britain, where the Ninth Legion
> remains loyal.
> (from Wikipedia)
>
> Trailer at Yahoo: http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/1809355123/trailer
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51212 From: Malcolm Davies Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Lingua italiana facilis facta!
Avete

I noticed the Italian was a bit lacking. I lived in Italia for six years so I would be happy to translate if anyone wanted!

Avete!



---------------------------------
For ideas on reducing your carbon footprint visit Yahoo! For Good this month.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51213 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Re: Latin courses at Academia Thules!
>
> A. Tullia Scholastica C. Curio Saturnino quiritibus, sociis, peregrinisque
> bonae voluntatis S.P.D.
>
>
> Salvete omnes,
>
> Soon it's Autumn again and time to start thinking about more refined
> things and self-improvement, such as studying Latin. Academia Thules
> is right there to help you with that particular project by offering
> several interesting Latin courses for you!
>
> To see all our courses, please check the website Study Guide pages
> at: http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide
>
> Here's a short reminder of the highlights:
>
> 1) Master Latin grammar in Wheelock-based courses
> 2) Gain fluency also in spoken Latin to impress your fellow Romans in
> Assimil-courses
>
> 1) Master Latin grammar in Wheelock-based courses
>
> Wheelock-based courses LL-P-2 Grammatica Latina I and LL-B-2
> Grammatica Latina II are rather traditional, but well approved Latin
> courses where you'll learn to master the Latin language. Teacher is
> A. Tullia Scholastica. Courses start on September 17th and 10th, so
> we recommend you to acquire the needed textbooks as soon as possible.
> Please see for more information about the courses the Academia Thules
> Study Guide:
>
> http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
> mainll.html#ll-p-2
> http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
> mainll.html#ll-b-2
>
> Easy Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk link for the course textbook can be
> found from Academia Thules Bookstore (scroll down until you see the
> appropriate course code): http://www.academiathules.org/bookstore
>
> ATS: And this textbook is readily available in English-speaking
> countries, particularly at college bookstores as it is commonly used in
> college Latin instruction. It is a paperback and thus not terribly expensive.
> We do go beyond Latin grammar, however; we read a bit of Latin, and write
> some, especially in the intermediate class.
>
> If you have an access to the Academia Thules CMS already, you can
> enroll to the courses by yourself in near future when courses will be
> opened for enrolments.
>
> If you are not a current student in Academia Thules, please go to our
> website and register yourself as a student by following instructions at:
> http://www.academiathules.org/admissions
>
> Please read carefully the information provided about studying and
> courses in the Study Guide: http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/
> facultaslitterarum
>
> 2) Gain fluency also in spoken Latin and impress your fellow Romans
> in Assimil-courses
>
> Assimil-method courses LL-B-1A Sermo Latinus I and LL-B-1B Sermo
> Latinus II are aimed for spoken fluency in Latin. By exercise you'll
> learn to speak Latin within a few months time. Teacher is A. Gratius
> Avitus. Courses start on 15th of October, so we recommend you to
> acquire the needed textbook and audio material as soon as possible.
> Note that the mandatory textbook is available only in Italian and
> French, but English translation will be provided to those who have
> bought either version of the textbook.
>
> ATS: It is my understanding that a Spanish version of the course is also
> ready, or nearly so. The instructor is a native speaker of Spanish (though we
> like to joke that it really should be Latin), and can assist anyone requiring
> instruction conducted in Spanish (for that matter, he knows about 20
> languages...).
>
>
> There's also an option of
> doing the courses in faster pace in the combined LL-B-1AB Sermo
> Latinus I&II course. Please see more information about the courses in
> the Academia Thules Study Guide:
>
> http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
> mainll.html#ll-b-1a
> http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
> mainll.html#ll-b-1b
> http://www.academiathules.org/studyguide/facultaslitterarum/
> mainll.html#ll-b-1ab
>
> Easy Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk link for the course textbook can be
> found at Academia Thules Bookstore (scroll down until you'll see the
> appropriate course code): http://www.academiathules.org/bookstore
>
> If you have access to the Academia Thules CMS already, you can enroll
> to the courses by yourself in near future when courses are opened for
> enrolments.
>
> If you are not current student in Academia Thules, please go to our
> website and register yourself as a student by following instructions at:
> http://www.academiathules.org/admissions
>
> Please read carefully the information provided about studying and
> courses from the Study Guide: http://www.academiathules.org/
> studyguide/facultaslitterarum
>
> ATS: I would like to emphasize this, as learning does not occur by
> osmosis in most people. Learning a highly-inflected foreign language takes
> time and effort; before one attempts this, one should make sure that several
> hours can be spared weekly, or even daily, for the learning process. Those
> who complete Assimil II are considered to be Latin speakers at an intermediate
> level, so one can expect some effort in moving from, so to speak, zero to
> sixty in a year or two. The Wheelock courses are more traditional, and stress
> grammar and vocabulary, but should produce some ability to read and write
> Latin even after the first year. The intermediate course covers connected
> passages in prose and poetry after the textbook lessons have been completed,
> so that should produce some reading and writing ability as well...the students
> were able to translate connected passages and compose simple sentences under
> examination conditions, so it seems that the desired effect has been obtained.
>
> As for prerequisites, Wheelock I, Assimil I, and combined Assimil I&II
> have none, other than the possession of the textbook BEFORE the class starts;
> Wheelock II requires the completion of Wheelock I or Assimil I or a similar
> course with permission of the instructor; Assimil II requires Assimil I.
> Remaining in any of these courses requires the timely completion of all
> homework and tests, so the books MUST be in hand before class starts.
>
> I took combined Assimil the first year it was offered, and was able to
> understand everything said during our recent nundinum of Latin immersion as
> well as speak reasonably well despite plenty of neologisms. Though I had
> already had over a dozen years of Latin, it did enhance my fluency, and I do
> recommend it...but the pace is rapid, and those who need grammatical
> grounding, or who prefer the traditional approach, might better consider
> Wheelock first. We do not recommend taking both courses concurrently.
>
> As the intermediate Wheelock class is still in session (belatedly, due to
> a host of problems), enrollment is not possible at this time, but soon should
> be; some of the students are writing the last bit of their final exam (which
> the rest have submitted), and soon the grades will be computed. Avitus is
> away, and has not turned in his grades, so his classes cannot be entered now
> either, but anyone wishing to enter Grammatica Latina (Wheelock) I should be
> able to register now.
>
> Valete,
>
> C. Curius Saturninus
>
> Senator - Aedilis Plebis - Propraetor Provinciae Thules
> Rector Academia Thules ad Studia Romana Antiqua et Nova
>
> e-mail: c.curius@... <mailto:c.curius%40academiathules.org>
> www.academiathules.org
>
Vale, et valete.



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51214 From: Charlie Collins Date: 2007-08-15
Subject: Roman Toy's
Salve,

Here are some Roman Toys that are coming out next month:

http://www.millionaireplayboy.com/toys/playmoromans.php

http://store.playmobilusa.com/on/demandware.store/Sites-US-Site/en_US/ViewStandardCatalog-Browse?CatalogCategoryID=00UKAANpuz0AAAEONhIUFTeM

There are 13 sets. Most are military. These were posted on the Roman Way group
and I thought it might be of interest here also.

Vale,
Quintus Servilius Priscus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51215 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-16
Subject: Re: Lingua italiana facilis facta!
P. Memmius Albucius Malcolmo s.d.

Wonderful!

I suggest you to join Aula Tullia Scholastica, who has both
responsibility of the interpreters team and of another team of people
who are translating Novaroman laws in different languages, including
Italian. I do not know how far the work has gone, and who is coping
with it, but you may help in relation with Italian citizens.

If you are a novaroman citizen, do not forget reminding us your roman
name! ;-)

Thanks again and good work!


P. Memmius Albucius


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Malcolm Davies
<malcolmjhdavies@...> wrote:
>
> Avete
>
> I noticed the Italian was a bit lacking. I lived in Italia for six
years so I would be happy to translate if anyone wanted!
>
> Avete!
>
>
>
> ---------------------------------
> For ideas on reducing your carbon footprint visit Yahoo! For Good
this month.
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51216 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-16
Subject: Re: Lingua italiana facilis facta!
Ecellente amico!
well I've kind of exhausted mine right now;-). How about going over
to the NR_Italia group
http://it.groups.yahoo.com/group/NR_Italia/
enjoying, participating & inviting cives onto this list. Just a
thought.
ciao et vale
M. Hortensia Maior
producer 'Vox Romana' podcast
website address is http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/ . The
address for RSS syndication is
http://www.insulaumbra.com/voxromana/podcast.xml .

>
> P. Memmius Albucius Malcolmo s.d.
>
> Wonderful!
>
> I suggest you to join Aula Tullia Scholastica, who has both
> responsibility of the interpreters team and of another team of
people
> who are translating Novaroman laws in different languages,
including
> Italian. I do not know how far the work has gone, and who is
coping
> with it, but you may help in relation with Italian citizens.
>
> If you are a novaroman citizen, do not forget reminding us your
roman
> name! ;-)
>
> Thanks again and good work!
>
>
> P. Memmius Albucius
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, Malcolm Davies
> <malcolmjhdavies@> wrote:
> >
> > Avete
> >
> > I noticed the Italian was a bit lacking. I lived in Italia for
six
> years so I would be happy to translate if anyone wanted!
> >
> > Avete!
> >
> >
> >
> > ---------------------------------
> > For ideas on reducing your carbon footprint visit Yahoo! For
Good
> this month.
> >
> > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51217 From: Andrea Date: 2007-08-16
Subject: Calling citizens in Asia Occidentalis
Salvete omnes,

I am in the process of setting up a list and hoepfully a worthy web
sit for the Province.


I would like to invite all to join them once established as I know
many of us are quite spread out with in the Provice and these methods
will be the best for keeping in touch.


I would alos invite anyone to contact me, vxgbhd[at]hotmail.com, with
any questions, ideas, concerns (or if you have good webcrafting
skills!)


Valete!

Gaia Iulia Felix
legata pro praetore
Asia Occidentalis
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51218 From: Claudio Guzzo Date: 2007-08-17
Subject: Gaius Equitius Cato
Salve.
Gaius Equitius Cato should be the Dictator.
Vale

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51219 From: Stephen Gallagher Date: 2007-08-17
Subject: Trip to Europe
Salvete Conscript Fathers et Nova Romans

I will be in Europe (along with my brother Stephen) starting September 3rd
and I will be returning home October 1st.

I will be in Ireland From the September 3rd until the 24th.

September 3-7 in Dublin (Trinity Capital Hotel)
September 8-15 in Letterkenny (Ramada Encore Hotel)
September 15-24 Driving around Ireland Staying at B & B�s
September 24 back to Dublin for flight to London.

We would love to have a meal with some fellow Nova Romans in both ireland
and Great Britian.

I will be in London (Jurys Chelsea Hotel) from the 24th until a return
flight on October 1st
We will be taking a side trip (from London) to Paris or another city on the
continent
so we can see the sights and hopeful have a meal with some fellow Nova
Romans.

In my absence the republic will be in the capable hands of our Praetors,
unless of course my colleagues returns.

I would like to thank Senator Audens lady Margaret for working so hard in
managing this trip.


Valette

Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
Consul
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51220 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Trip to Europe
M. Hortensia Ti.Galerio Paulino spd;
you can contact the last legatus of Ireland, Decimus Gladius
Lupus, he lived in Dublin when I was last there or better email
those cives in Hibernia, it might reinvigorate the Province.

So what happened to the American Conventus? Modianus & I sent you a
lists of retreats & places in May and offered our help. It was
supposed to take place in August.
bene vale
M. Hortensia Maior


> Salvete Conscript Fathers et Nova Romans
>
> I will be in Europe (along with my brother Stephen) starting
September 3rd
> and I will be returning home October 1st.
>
> I will be in Ireland From the September 3rd until the 24th.
>
> September 3-7 in Dublin (Trinity Capital Hotel)
> September 8-15 in Letterkenny (Ramada Encore Hotel)
> September 15-24 Driving around Ireland Staying at B & B's
> September 24 back to Dublin for flight to London.
>
> We would love to have a meal with some fellow Nova Romans in both
ireland
> and Great Britian.
>
> I will be in London (Jurys Chelsea Hotel) from the 24th until a
return
> flight on October 1st
> We will be taking a side trip (from London) to Paris or another
city on the
> continent
> so we can see the sights and hopeful have a meal with some fellow
Nova
> Romans.
>
> In my absence the republic will be in the capable hands of our
Praetors,
> unless of course my colleagues returns.
>
> I would like to thank Senator Audens lady Margaret for working so
hard in
> managing this trip.
>
>
> Valette
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> Consul
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51221 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: a.d. XV Kal. Sept.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XV Kalendas Septembris; haec dies comitialis est.

"Immediately after the funeral the people ran to the houses of Brutus
and Cassius with firebrands, and after being repelled with difficulty,
they slew Helvius Cinna when they met him, through a mistake in the
name, supposing that he was Cornelius Cinna, who had the day before
made a bitter indictment of Caesar and for whom they were looking; and
they set his head upon a spear and paraded it about the streets.
Afterwards they set up in the Forum a solid column of Numidian marble
almost twenty feet high, and inscribed upon it, 'To the Father of his
Country.' At the foot of this they continued for a long time to
sacrifice, make vows, and settle some of their disputes by an oath in
the name of Caesar.

He died in the fifty-sixth year of his age, and was numbered among the
gods, not only by a formal decree, but also in the conviction of the
common people. For at the first of the games which his heir Augustus
gave in honor of his apotheosis, a comet shone for seven successive
days, rising about the eleventh hour [about an hour before sunset] and
was believed to be the soul of Caesar, who had been taken to heaven;
and this is why a star is set upon the crown of his head in his
statue. It was voted that the curia in which he was slain be walled
up, that the Ides of March be called the Day of Parricide, and that a
meeting of the senate should never be called on that day." -
Seutonius, "Lives of the Twelve Caesars", Caesar 85, 88

On this day in 29 BC, the emperor Augustus Caesar dedicated a temple
to his adopted father, Iulius Caesar.

Apotheosis is most commonly used to refer to the Roman pagan process
whereby an Emperor, empress, hero or leader was made into or
recognized as a deity by decree of the Senate or popular consent. Some
Roman emperors underwent apotheosis upon their deaths. The process
involved the creation of a waxen image of the emperor sitting in
state, adorned with rich raiments and jewelry for a period of days,
after which it would be burnt. On the pyre would be a hidden cage with
an eagle in it. At the climax of the ceremony, this eagle would be
released, and would be said to be carrying the emperor's soul to the
gods.

It had its origins in the worship of Romulus, who became known in his
deified form as Quirinus, and in the declaration by the Senate of
Julius Caesar as a god after his assassination in 44 BC, an act that
consolidated Augustus's power (Caesar was his adoptive father, and so
he became "divi filius", son of the deified Caesar) but shocked the
urbane opinion of the Roman elite. When Augustus died 58 years later,
he received similar honors, thus setting the pattern for future
emperors.

Perhaps the most significant title he carried was his name from birth:
Caesar. This name would be awarded to every Roman emperor, and it
became a signal of great power and authority far beyond the bounds of
the empire. The title became the German Kaiser and Slavic Tsar/Czar.
The last tsar in nominal power was Simeon II of Bulgaria whose reign
ended in AD 1946; for two thousand years after Julius Caesar's
assassination, there was a least one head of state bearing his name.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Seutonius, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51222 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Gaius Equitius Cato
Cato omnes SPD

Salvete!

Well, it's ironic that I get all this mention at precisely the time my
cable service is interrupted :-) It's a pleasure for me to post the
calendar, and very gratifying that it is of interest to the citizens of
the Republic.

Thanks for the double-dactyl!

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51223 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Gaius Equitius Cato
Cato A. Sempronio Regulo sal.

Salve!

Et gratias tibi ago. You do me too much honor.

Vale bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51224 From: vallenporter Date: 2007-08-18
Subject: Re: Trip to Europe
>
> So what happened to the American Conventus? Modianus & I sent you a
> lists of retreats & places in May and offered our help. It was
> supposed to take place in August.
> bene vale
> M. Hortensia Maior

Salve

To make a long story not as long. it was pointed out that a year(or
more) of planing is needed as most of the people who want/need to come
will need that much time for planing to get off work.and in aug most
people( would need to be at a meeting NR) go to the big war the SCA
has in that month.as there is a group of about 50 people that the
planers wanted to come, we ( some of the staff etc.)said it would take
as long as a year or two to get them in gig to even say they would go
and a another year to get a meeting date planed and done.
as they ( the powers that be in NR){people} wanted as much of the CP
and as much of the senators as they could get. I pointed out that it
would take much longer then the people who were planing it to get the
CP/and senators to say yes lets do it ( i was right )I think if we
start now we could get a meet of all the people that the planers say
are needed to a meet of NR bigwigs two yeatr say in 09 IF WE PLAN NOW
and for june or may.
then where where to have it as most of the of the "bigwigs " live on
the east coast. and a lot of us (NONE BIGWIGGY people)live on the west
coast.
and the "only" the CP would meet ( info from 5 of them) is on the east
coast.

I think the only the senators and the CP will ever meet ( in the next
5 years)is if some one with worldcon know how or SCA knowhow puts it
on. as no-one who tryed this one had clue as to how much time putting
on a meeting with 50 people was going to take.
M.Cornelia felix











>
> > Salvete Conscript Fathers et Nova Romans
> >
> > I will be in Europe (along with my brother Stephen) starting
> September 3rd
> > and I will be returning home October 1st.
> >
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51225 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-19
Subject: a.d. XIV Kal. Sept.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XIV Kalendas Septembris; haec dies nefastus
publicus est.

"Portunalia dicta a Portuno, cui eo die aedes in portu Tiberino facta
et feriae institutae." - Varro, de Lingua Latina VI

Today is the ceebration of the Portunalia, in honor of the god
Portunes. Portunes (alternatively spelled Portumnes or Portunus) was
a god of keys and doors and livestock. He protected the warehouses
where grain was stored. Probably because of folk associations between
porta "gate, door" and portus "harbor", the "gateway" to the sea,
Portunus later became conflated with Palaemon and evolved into a god
primarily of ports and harbors. In the Latin adjective importunus his
name was applied to untimely waves and weather and contrary winds, and
the Latin echoes in English opportune and its old-fashioned antonym
importune, meaning "well-timed' and "badly-timed". Hence Portunus is
behind both an opportunity and importunate or badly-timed solicitations

The temple of Portunis was built at the port on the Tiber; this small
temple on the banks of the Tiber was dedicated to the Roman god of
rivers and seaports, Portunus. Originally this deity protected doors
("portus") but when the meaning of the word changed to harbor, his
guardian function also changed. It was built of tufa and travertine
blocks which had been originally been coated with a fine layer of
stucco. It is in a good state of preservation because it was converted
to a Christian church in the 9th century AD. Some sources also refer
to this as a Tiberinalia, or festival of the Tiber river, as Portunis
is the god of the Tiber. Portunis is also known as the god of keys, or
the opening of locked gates, while as Ianus he was the god of doors.
On this day old keys were burned in the hearth as a sacrificial offering.

Valete bene!

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51226 From: Patrick D. Owen Date: 2007-08-19
Subject: Where is our other Consul?
Fl. Galerius Aurelianus Tribunus Plebis S.P.D.

Has anyone heard from our other consul outside of the Senate? He has
been conspicuous by his absence from the NR ML and associated lists
for over two months (according to the archives of this list).
According to the Constitution, if a Consul does not communicate with
the Senate for 60 days, then his colleague can proceed to remove him
from office, as I interpret the Constitution. I am more concerned
that something untoward might have become of him.

If he is experiencing difficulties in his private life, he should let
the Senate and People know something to avoid the appearance that he
has jumped ship, gone to sleep at the wheel, passed on, ceased to be,
shuffled off his mortal coil, and joined the bleeding choir
invisible. Is Lucius Arminius Faustus an ex-Consul (metaphorically
speaking)?

Inquiring Novaromans want to know.

Valete.



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Stephen Gallagher" <spqr753@...>
wrote:
>
> Salvete Conscript Fathers et Nova Romans
>
> I will be in Europe (along with my brother Stephen) starting
September 3rd
> and I will be returning home October 1st.
>
> I will be in Ireland From the September 3rd until the 24th.
>
> September 3-7 in Dublin (Trinity Capital Hotel)
> September 8-15 in Letterkenny (Ramada Encore Hotel)
> September 15-24 Driving around Ireland Staying at B & B's
> September 24 back to Dublin for flight to London.
>
> We would love to have a meal with some fellow Nova Romans in both
ireland
> and Great Britian.
>
> I will be in London (Jurys Chelsea Hotel) from the 24th until a
return
> flight on October 1st
> We will be taking a side trip (from London) to Paris or another
city on the
> continent
> so we can see the sights and hopeful have a meal with some fellow
Nova
> Romans.
>
> In my absence the republic will be in the capable hands of our
Praetors,
> unless of course my colleagues returns.
>
> I would like to thank Senator Audens lady Margaret for working so
hard in
> managing this trip.
>
>
> Valette
>
> Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> Consul
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51227 From: Patrick D. Owen Date: 2007-08-19
Subject: Re: Trip to Europe
Fl. Galerius Aurelianus S.P.D.

I have communicated to some magistrates of Nova Roma in the past that
it was possible to arrange a conventus at one of any number of sites
in Middle Tennessee with about three to four months of planning and a
minimum of expense as long as no one had an objection to a camping
event. Apart from that scenario, holding a conventus in Nashville
could be done with six to nine months for reservations at a hotel.

The best time to hold a conventus at a hotel in northern Am.
Austrorientalis (Nashville, TN) is the period from mid January-mid
April when hotel rates & air fares are usually at the very lowest.

The most expensive time to hold a conventus is during the summer
vacation months and the period from early November to the second week
in January when everyone is travelling to/from colleges,
universities, and for the holidays.

Our province has some experience with holding small events (5-20
people) and our experience with the SCA would not make an event for
up to 150 that difficult for a four day event providing that NR
Central would foot the preliminary bills for food, the meeting
facilities, and transportation from the airports to the event site.
Of course, it is presumed that each attendee would pay a gate fee of
$20-30 for the weekend to pay the coffers back.

Perhaps, the Senate should appoint a committee to prepare some plans
for a Western N.A. Conventus & an Eastern N.A. Conventus with
contingencies for a camping conventus and a hotel conventus; perhaps
in conjunction with a museum event related to ancient cultures.

Valete.



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "vallenporter" <vallenporter@...>
wrote:
>
>
> >
> > So what happened to the American Conventus? Modianus & I sent you
a
> > lists of retreats & places in May and offered our help. It was
> > supposed to take place in August.
> > bene vale
> > M. Hortensia Maior
>
> Salve
>
> To make a long story not as long. it was pointed out that a year(or
> more) of planing is needed as most of the people who want/need to
come
> will need that much time for planing to get off work.and in aug most
> people( would need to be at a meeting NR) go to the big war the SCA
> has in that month.as there is a group of about 50 people that the
> planers wanted to come, we ( some of the staff etc.)said it would
take
> as long as a year or two to get them in gig to even say they would
go
> and a another year to get a meeting date planed and done.
> as they ( the powers that be in NR){people} wanted as much of the CP
> and as much of the senators as they could get. I pointed out that it
> would take much longer then the people who were planing it to get
the
> CP/and senators to say yes lets do it ( i was right )I think if we
> start now we could get a meet of all the people that the planers say
> are needed to a meet of NR bigwigs two yeatr say in 09 IF WE PLAN
NOW
> and for june or may.
> then where where to have it as most of the of the "bigwigs " live on
> the east coast. and a lot of us (NONE BIGWIGGY people)live on the
west
> coast.
> and the "only" the CP would meet ( info from 5 of them) is on the
east
> coast.
>
> I think the only the senators and the CP will ever meet ( in the
next
> 5 years)is if some one with worldcon know how or SCA knowhow puts it
> on. as no-one who tryed this one had clue as to how much time
putting
> on a meeting with 50 people was going to take.
> M.Cornelia felix
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> >
> > > Salvete Conscript Fathers et Nova Romans
> > >
> > > I will be in Europe (along with my brother Stephen) starting
> > September 3rd
> > > and I will be returning home October 1st.
> > >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51228 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Salve Flavi Galeri,

"Patrick D. Owen" <Patrick.Owen@...> writes:

> According to the Constitution, if a Consul does not communicate with
> the Senate for 60 days, then his colleague can proceed to remove him
> from office, as I interpret the Constitution.

He last posted to the Senate mailing list on 30 July.

In fact, the Constitution says that if a magistrate has not had any
communications with any official mailing list for 60 days, the Censors
shall attempt to contact him. If the Censors can not establish
contact, they can declare him missing and his office vacant. It's an
amendment I wrote to deal with the missing praetor Noricus when I was
consul.

Vale,

CN-EQVIT-MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51229 From: M. Flavius Aurelius Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Oath of Office - Governor of Australia Province
I, Marcus Flavius Aurelius (aka Paul Mullane) do hereby solemnly swear to
uphold the honor of Nova Roma, and to act always in the best interests of
the people and the Senate of Nova Roma.

As a magistrate of Nova Roma, I, Marcus Flavius Aurelius swear to honor the
Gods and Goddesses of Rome in my public dealings, and to pursue the Roman
Virtues in my public and private life.

I, Marcus Flavius Aurelius swear to uphold and defend the Religio Romana as
the State Religion of Nova Roma and swear never to act in a way that would
threaten its status as the State Religion.

I, Marcus Flavius Aurelius swear to protect and defend the Constitution of
Nova Roma.

I, Marcus Flavius Aurelius further swear to fulfill the obligations and
responsibilities of the office of Propraetore of Australia Provincia to the
best of my abilities.
On my honor as a Citizen of Nova Roma, and in the presence of the Gods and
Goddesses of the Roman people and by their will and favor, do I accept the
position of Propraetore of Australia Provincia** and all the rights,
privileges, obligations, and responsibilities attendant thereto.

Vale bene,

Marcus Flavius Aurelius
Propraetore Australia Provincia


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51230 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Fl. Galerio Aureliano salutem dicit

This was all discussed on the senate list which you are subscribed. Why are
you posting this on the main list when the answer was already posted on the
senate? Is it a means to discredit Faustus in order the "build up"
Paulinus? Faustus needs no one to discredit him, he does it to himself just
fine as does Paulinus.

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/19/07, Patrick D. Owen <Patrick.Owen@...> wrote:
>
> Fl. Galerius Aurelianus Tribunus Plebis S.P.D.
>
> Has anyone heard from our other consul outside of the Senate? He has
> been conspicuous by his absence from the NR ML and associated lists
> for over two months (according to the archives of this list).
> According to the Constitution, if a Consul does not communicate with
> the Senate for 60 days, then his colleague can proceed to remove him
> from office, as I interpret the Constitution. I am more concerned
> that something untoward might have become of him.
>
> If he is experiencing difficulties in his private life, he should let
> the Senate and People know something to avoid the appearance that he
> has jumped ship, gone to sleep at the wheel, passed on, ceased to be,
> shuffled off his mortal coil, and joined the bleeding choir
> invisible. Is Lucius Arminius Faustus an ex-Consul (metaphorically
> speaking)?
>
> Inquiring Novaromans want to know.
>
> Valete.
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com <Nova-Roma%40yahoogroups.com>, "Stephen
> Gallagher" <spqr753@...>
> wrote:
> >
> > Salvete Conscript Fathers et Nova Romans
> >
> > I will be in Europe (along with my brother Stephen) starting
> September 3rd
> > and I will be returning home October 1st.
> >
> > I will be in Ireland From the September 3rd until the 24th.
> >
> > September 3-7 in Dublin (Trinity Capital Hotel)
> > September 8-15 in Letterkenny (Ramada Encore Hotel)
> > September 15-24 Driving around Ireland Staying at B & B's
> > September 24 back to Dublin for flight to London.
> >
> > We would love to have a meal with some fellow Nova Romans in both
> ireland
> > and Great Britian.
> >
> > I will be in London (Jurys Chelsea Hotel) from the 24th until a
> return
> > flight on October 1st
> > We will be taking a side trip (from London) to Paris or another
> city on the
> > continent
> > so we can see the sights and hopeful have a meal with some fellow
> Nova
> > Romans.
> >
> > In my absence the republic will be in the capable hands of our
> Praetors,
> > unless of course my colleagues returns.
> >
> > I would like to thank Senator Audens lady Margaret for working so
> hard in
> > managing this trip.
> >
> >
> > Valette
> >
> > Tiberius Galerius Paulinus
> > Consul
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51231 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: a.d. XI Kal. Sept.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XI Kalendas Septembris; haec dies comitialis est.

"Crescens, the net fighter, holds the hearts of all the girls.
Celadus, the Thracian, makes all the girls sigh." — graffiti from
Pompeii describing the popularity of two gladiators, 1st century AD

"My uncle's scholarly acumen saw at once that it was important enough
for a closer inspection, and he ordered a boat to be made ready,
telling me I could come with him if I wished. I replied that I
preferred to go on with my studies, and as it happened he had himself
given me some writing to do." - Pliny the Younger, writing to
Cornelius Tacitus abbout how he almost missed witnessing one of the
most spectacular natural phenomena in recorded history, 1st century AD


On this day in AD 79, the city of Pompeii was rocked by a series of
small earthquakes; these were just the precursors of a much greater
calamity that was to fall upon the city over the next few days.
Pompeii affords us a fascinating snapshot of life in the Roman Empire.

The town was founded around the 7th-6th century BC by the Osci or
Oscans, a people of central Italy, on what was an important crossroad
between Cumae, Nola and Stabiae. It had already been used as a safe
port by Greek and Phoenician sailors. According to Strabo, Pompei was
also captured by the Etruscans, and in fact recent excavations have
showed the presence of Etruscan inscriptions and a 6th century
necropolis. Pompei was captured a first time by the Greek colony of
Cumae, allied with Syracuse, between 525 and 474 BC.

In the 5th century BC, the Samnites conquered it (and all the other
towns of Campania); the new rulers imposed their architecture and
enlarged the town. After the Samnite Wars (4th century), Pompei was
forced to accept the status of socium of Rome, maintaining however
linguistic and administrative autonomy. In the 4th century BC it was
fortified. Pompeii remained faithful to Rome during the Second Punic
War.

Pompeii took part in the war that the towns of Campania initiated
against Rome, but in 89 BC it was besieged by Sulla. Although the
troops of the Social League, headed by Lucius Cluentius, helped in
resisting the Romans, in 80 BC Pompeii was forced to surrender after
the conquest of Nola. It became a Roman colony with the name of
Colonia Cornelia Veneria Pompeianorum. The town became an important
passage for goods that arrived by sea and had to be sent toward Rome
or Southern Italy along the nearby Appian Way. Also agriculture and
oil and wine production was important.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Wikipedia, Pliny the Younger
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51232 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Fl. Galerius G. Fabio Buteo Modiano sal.

I am not permitted by the Constitution to discuss anything that is posted on
the Senate List except under the circumstances permitted me as a Tribunus.
My discussions with Senatores and other magistrates are not protected by such
(unless it was sub rosa) and I felt it was my right as a Nova Roman citizen
to bring up a question that I felt is important to the health of the
Republic. That is all the reason I need to do it.

Just because you now appear to believe that almost everything that is posted
on the ML is motivated by politics; much as the unlamented L. Sicinius
Drusus used to do, doesn't mean it is so. Personally, as a Plebeian I am appalled
that a fellow Plebeian & magistrate has been neglecting his duties for
months. Just as I was upset when a Consul attempted to usurp the power and
perogatives of the Senate.

I am indeed a supporter of Tb. Galerius Paulinus but have never neglected to
fulfill my obligation to tell him when I feel he is wrong or making a bad
decision. I did the same thing when I worked with Quintilianus as an accensus.
Also, I have been one of your supporters in the past and have not hesitated
to let you know when I thought you were making a bad decision.

I see no reason to disrupt the Republic by trying to discredit anyone on a
political level. In six years, my disputes with other citizens have been
solely motivated by personal reasons. I have held long and, at times, unpleasant
threads with those I thought were dishonorable, rude, paranoid, or just
plain mean spirited. I have supported those who showed they had the best
interests of the organization at heart. My only regret is that some of those
individuals I once supported wholeheartedly have become bitter, vicious,
oppressive, and paranoid. I suppose if one takes our organization too seriously or
remains in the political arena too long, that it is inevitable that bitterness
and a loss of humor can be the result.

I hope that answers your question about why I posted my question. If it
doesn't, I suggest you privately ask for further clarification . . . or just
suck it up.

Vale.




Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Fl. Galerio Aureliano salutem dicit

This was all discussed on the senate list which you are subscribed. Why are
you posting this on the main list when the answer was already posted on the
senate? Is it a means to discredit Faustus in order the "build up" Paulinus?
Faustus needs no one to discredit him, he does it to himself just fine as does
Paulinus.

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/19/07, Patrick D. Owen <_Patrick.Owen@..._
(mailto:Patrick.Owen@...) > wrote:
>
> Fl. Galerius Aurelianus Tribunus Plebis S.P.D.
>
> Has anyone heard from our other consul outside of the Senate? He has
> been conspicuous by his absence from the NR ML and associated lists
> for over two months (according to the archives of this list).
> According to the Constitution, if a Consul does not communicate with
> the Senate for 60 days, then his colleague can proceed to remove him
> from office, as I interpret the Constitution. I am more concerned
> that something untoward might have become of him.
>
> If he is experiencing difficulties in his private life, he should let
> the Senate and People know something to avoid the appearance that he
> has jumped ship, gone to sleep at the wheel, passed on, ceased to be,
> shuffled off his mortal coil, and joined the bleeding choir
> invisible. Is Lucius Arminius Faustus an ex-Consul (metaphorically
> speaking)?
>
> Inquiring Novaromans want to know.
>
> Valete.




************************************** Get a sneak peek of the all-new AOL at
http://discover.aol.com/memed/aolcom30tour


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51233 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Fl. Galerio Aureliano salutem dicit

The question you asked was ANSWERED on the senate list. You didn't need to
ask the question again, you already had the answer. Marinus posted, a week
ago, exactly what he posted to you on the main list today.

Compare me to Drusus all you wish, it is simply not true.

You can attack Faustus all you like for being a poor consul, I don't think
its a mystery to anyone. Furthermore, I have little little respect for the
other consul for that matter -- he has broken about every promise he has
ever made to me. In the long run, however, it doesn't matter. Both will be
out of office and we will have two new consuls who will try to make their
mark on Nova Roma.

"My only regret is that some of those individuals I once supported
wholeheartedly have become bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid. I
suppose if one takes our organization too seriously or remains in the
political arena too long, that it is inevitable that bitterness and a loss
of humor can be the result."

So I'm bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid? Ask anyone who has ever
worked with me in my capacity as censor if I fit any of these
characteristics?

If you want to tell the people here on the main list that Consul Faustus is
a complete failure then DO IT! Don't try to be subtle and say, "Where is
our consul?" I might think you are pompous, arrogant, and pretentious. But
I still think you are good man, and I've enjoyed your company -- but I have
not enjoyed every single exchange we have had. I am far from bitter, but I
will be honest.

Things have been silent as of late. Thanks for getting things heat up a bit
:)

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/20/07, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... <PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@...> wrote:
>
> Fl. Galerius G. Fabio Buteo Modiano sal.
>
> I am not permitted by the Constitution to discuss anything that is posted
> on
> the Senate List except under the circumstances permitted me as a Tribunus.
>
> My discussions with Senatores and other magistrates are not protected by
> such
> (unless it was sub rosa) and I felt it was my right as a Nova Roman
> citizen
> to bring up a question that I felt is important to the health of the
> Republic. That is all the reason I need to do it.
>
> Just because you now appear to believe that almost everything that is
> posted
> on the ML is motivated by politics; much as the unlamented L. Sicinius
> Drusus used to do, doesn't mean it is so. Personally, as a Plebeian I am
> appalled
> that a fellow Plebeian & magistrate has been neglecting his duties for
> months. Just as I was upset when a Consul attempted to usurp the power and
>
> perogatives of the Senate.
>
> I am indeed a supporter of Tb. Galerius Paulinus but have never neglected
> to
> fulfill my obligation to tell him when I feel he is wrong or making a bad
> decision. I did the same thing when I worked with Quintilianus as an
> accensus.
> Also, I have been one of your supporters in the past and have not
> hesitated
> to let you know when I thought you were making a bad decision.
>
> I see no reason to disrupt the Republic by trying to discredit anyone on a
>
> political level. In six years, my disputes with other citizens have been
> solely motivated by personal reasons. I have held long and, at times,
> unpleasant
> threads with those I thought were dishonorable, rude, paranoid, or just
> plain mean spirited. I have supported those who showed they had the best
> interests of the organization at heart. My only regret is that some of
> those
> individuals I once supported wholeheartedly have become bitter, vicious,
> oppressive, and paranoid. I suppose if one takes our organization too
> seriously or
> remains in the political arena too long, that it is inevitable that
> bitterness
> and a loss of humor can be the result.
>
> I hope that answers your question about why I posted my question. If it
> doesn't, I suggest you privately ask for further clarification . . . or
> just
> suck it up.
>
> Vale.
>
>
>
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Fl. Galerio Aureliano salutem dicit
>
> This was all discussed on the senate list which you are subscribed. Why
> are
> you posting this on the main list when the answer was already posted on
> the
> senate? Is it a means to discredit Faustus in order the "build up"
> Paulinus?
> Faustus needs no one to discredit him, he does it to himself just fine as
> does
> Paulinus.
>
> Vale:
>
> Modianus
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51234 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Fl. Galerius G. Fabio Buteo Modiano sal.



I can't legally comment on what was answered or not answered on the Senate List.  I have no idea why L. Arminius has been so inactive.  Technically, you haven't answered the question either.  I'll ask it as often as I like until I get an answer I like or understand.  If you don't like it, well . . . see previous post.

I have very little to judge on whether a Consul is a failure or not.  I haven't held the job nor do I think I would want to do so.  Seems to warp a fair number of those who held the office?

Actually, I never wrote that YOU were bitter, vicious, oppressive, or paranoid.  However, it does make one wonder when you automatically presumed I was writing about you.  Also, I never attacked L. Arminius in any of my posts on the lists.  Where are you getting this stuff?  Do you have some sort of secret archives that is given only to the Censores?  On the other hand, some of your posts are very Drusus-like although your grammar and spelling are far superior to his posts. 

By the by, I realize that I am a bit arrogant and sometimes I'm pompous and pretentious.  Sometimes I am pretty and witty and gay (in a happy, manly sort of way).  I can also be condescending . . . you solemn git!  Fortunately, I can laugh (ha, ha) at myself with no great trouble.  Years of looking in the mirror will do that for you.

Can we get a show of hands on the list if anyone has ever found Modianus to bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid as Censor? or Consul? or Tribune? or Quaestor? or Pontiff? or Flamen? or Augur? or Dasher? or Prancer? or Comet? or Cupid?

I really don't think that I heated things up here at all.  Usually, I try to keep it calm, moderate, and funny in a pie-in-the-face and joy buzzer sort of way.

Vale.


-----Original Message-----
From: David Kling (Modianus) <tau.athanasios@...>
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Mon, 20 Aug 2007 8:23 am
Subject: Re: [Nova-Roma] Where is our other Consul?







Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Fl. Galerio Aureliano salutem dicit

The question you asked was ANSWERED on the senate list. You didn't need to
ask the question again, you already had the answer. Marinus posted, a week
ago, exactly what he posted to you on the main list today.

Compare me to Drusus all you wish, it is simply not true.

You can attack Faustus all you like for being a poor consul, I don't think
its a mystery to anyone. Furthermore, I have little little respect for the
other consul for that matter -- he has broken about every promise he has
ever made to me. In the long run, however, it doesn't matter. Both will be
out of office and we will have two new consuls who will try to make their
mark on Nova Roma.

"My only regret is that some of those individuals I once supported
wholeheartedly have become bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid. I
suppose if one takes our organization too seriously or remains in the
political arena too long, that it is inevitable that bitterness and a loss
of humor can be the result."

So I'm bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid? Ask anyone who has ever
worked with me in my capacity as censor if I fit any of these
characteristics?

If you want to tell the people here on the main list that Consul Faustus is
a complete failure then DO IT! Don't try to be subtle and say, "Where is
our consul?" I might think you are pompous, arrogant, and pretentious. But
I still think you are good man, and I've enjoyed your company -- but I have
not enjoyed every single exchange we have had. I am far from bitter, but I
will be honest.

Things have been silent as of late. Thanks for getting things heat up a bit
:)

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/20/07, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... <PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@...> wrote:
>
> Fl. Galerius G. Fabio Buteo Modiano sal.
>
> I am not permitted by the Constitution to discuss anything that is posted
> on
> the Senate List except under the circumstances permitted me as a Tribunus.
>
> My discussions with Senatores and other magistrates are not protected by
> such
> (unless it was sub rosa) and I felt it was my right as a Nova Roman
> citizen
> to bring up a question that I felt is important to the health of the
> Republic. That is all the reason I need to do it.
>
> Just because you now appear to believe that almost everything that is
> posted
> on the ML is motivated by politics; much as the unlamented L. Sicinius
> Drusus used to do, doesn't mean it is so. Personally, as a Plebeian I am
> appalled
> that a fellow Plebeian & magistrate has been neglecting his duties for
> months. Just as I was upset when a Consul attempted to usurp the power and
>
> perogatives of the Senate.
>
> I am indeed a supporter of Tb. Galerius Paulinus but have never neglected
> to
> fulfill my obligation to tell him when I feel he is wrong or making a bad
> decision. I did the same thing when I worked with Quintilianus as an
> accensus.
> Also, I have been one of your supporters in the past and have not
> hesitated
> to let you know when I thought you were making a bad decision.
>
> I see no reason to disrupt the Republic by trying to discredit anyone on a
>
> political level. In six years, my disputes with other citizens have been
> solely motivated by personal reasons. I have held long and, at times,
> unpleasant
> threads with those I thought were dishonorable, rude, paranoid, or just
> plain mean spirited. I have supported those who showed they had the best
> interests of the organization at heart. My only regret is that some of
> those
> individuals I once supported wholeheartedly have become bitter, vicious,
> oppressive, and paranoid. I suppose if one takes our organization too
> seriously or
> remains in the political arena too long, that it is inevitable that
> bitterness
> and a loss of humor can be the result.
>
> I hope that answers your question about why I posted my question. If it
> doesn't, I suggest you privately ask for further clarification . . . or
> just
> suck it up.
>
> Vale.
>
>
>
>
> Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Fl. Galerio Aureliano salutem dicit
>
> This was all discussed on the senate list which you are subscribed. Why
> are
> you posting this on the main list when the answer was already posted on
> the
> senate? Is it a means to discredit Faustus in order the "build up"
> Paulinus?
> Faustus needs no one to discredit him, he does it to himself just fine as
> does
> Paulinus.
>
> Vale:
>
> Modianus
>

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]





________________________________________________________________________
AOL now offers free email to everyone. Find out more about what's free from AOL at AOL.com.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51235 From: David Kling (Modianus) Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Gaius Fabius Buteo Modianus Fl. Galerio Aurelio salutem dicit

"Actually, I never wrote that YOU were bitter, vicious, oppressive, or
paranoid. However, it does make one wonder when you automatically presumed
I was writing about you. Also, I never attacked L. Arminius in any of my
posts on the lists. Where are you getting this stuff?"

Where I get it is from past dialogue with you. You have said it before, and
probably to my face. Which is fine by me!

"Fortunately, I can laugh (ha, ha) at myself with no great trouble. Years
of looking in the mirror will do that for you."

Laugh at myself I can do as well, and often do. I can also apologize when I
do something wrong, something that many here in Nova Roma have no concept
(not necessarily referring to you BTW).

"Can we get a show of hands on the list if anyone has ever found Modianus to
bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid as Censor? or Consul? or Tribune?
or Quaestor? or Pontiff? or Flamen? or Augur? or Dasher? or Prancer? or
Comet? or Cupid?"

I've never been a Quaestor, and I don't dance or prance... but I've been
known to comet a little and depending on the festival or event I'll even
cupid.

"I really don't think that I heated things up here at all."

Its all relative. I've been amused, so its not all in vain.

Vale:

Modianus

On 8/20/07, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... <PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@...> wrote:
>
>
> Fl. Galerius G. Fabio Buteo Modiano sal.
>
> I can't legally comment on what was answered or not answered on the Senate
> List. I have no idea why L. Arminius has been so inactive. Technically,
> you haven't answered the question either. I'll ask it as often as I
> like until I get an answer I like or understand. If you don't like it, well
> . . . see previous post.
>
> I have very little to judge on whether a Consul is a failure or not. I
> haven't held the job nor do I think I would want to do so. Seems to warp a
> fair number of those who held the office?
>
> Actually, I never wrote that YOU were bitter, vicious, oppressive, or
> paranoid. However, it does make one wonder when you automatically presumed
> I was writing about you. Also, I never attacked L. Arminius in any of my
> posts on the lists. Where are you getting this stuff? Do you have some
> sort of secret archives that is given only to the Censores? On the other
> hand, some of your posts are very Drusus-like although your grammar and
> spelling are far superior to his posts.
>
> By the by, I realize that I am a bit arrogant and sometimes I'm pompous
> and pretentious. Sometimes I am pretty and witty and gay (in a happy, manly
> sort of way). I can also be condescending . . . you solemn git!
> Fortunately, I can laugh (ha, ha) at myself with no great trouble. Years of
> looking in the mirror will do that for you.
>
> Can we get a show of hands on the list if anyone has ever found Modianus
> to bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid as Censor? or Consul? or
> Tribune? or Quaestor? or Pontiff? or Flamen? or Augur? or Dasher? or
> Prancer? or Comet? or Cupid?
>
> I really don't think that I heated things up here at all. Usually, I try
> to keep it calm, moderate, and funny in a pie-in-the-face and joy buzzer
> sort of way.
>
> Vale.
>
>
>
>


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51236 From: Marcus Iulius Severus Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Severus Aureliano Modiano omnibusque sal.

As far as I am concerned, this is just another example of how we like to provoke fires in the prairie, often without real utility or purpose, just for ther sake of it.
I highly respect both of you, especially Modianus Censor, in whose Cohors I work as scriba censoris.
I don't know if you're going to get a show of hands on the list, esteemed Aurelianus, but I can offer my testimony about Modianus, and he is not bitter, vicious, offensive and paranoid.
I find him, instead, generous, with good humor, respectful, balanced and realistic.
Just for the record...

Valete optime,


M•IVL•SEVERVS
LEGATVS•PRO•PRÆTORE•PROVINCIƕMEXICO
VIAT•TR•PL•M•C•C
SCRIBA•CENSORIS•G•F•B•M
INTERPRETER
MVSÆVS•COLLEGII•ERATOVS•SODALITATIS•MVSARVM
SOCIVS•CHORI•MVSARVM

---------------------------------
Choose the right car based on your needs. Check out Yahoo! Autos new Car Finder tool.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51237 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-20
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
P. Memmius Albucius Tribuno Fl. Galerio Aureliano aliis s.d.

First a verification : could you give us the precise reference of the
constitutional text that you are quoting (and the legal basis -
amendment.. ? For, reading your message, I have re-opened our
tabularium and have not found this 60 days clause. Maybe I did not
draw enough attention to it! Thanks!

Second, as a piece of (short) experience, I have realized in the
recent years that it was hard for a current magistrate, specially for
a high one as a censor, a consul, a praetor or a tribune to post in
our forum as a simple citizen.

In case of such a post, we cannot prevent any of us, cives, asking
why the magistrate has not used the ways that her/his office gives
him/her to follow a question. Posting in the ML may be then seen
either as an extreme tool, or as a will to ask a question publicly.

In the question precisely asked, I think that you could send at least
one personal message to the concerned magistrate, then ask officially
his colleague for information, third consult your fellow tribunes,
and last seize the censors, either for information or for action.
After this last step, a public message in our main list would be
appropriate, imho.

Thanks for your attenton on both points, Tribune et alii.

Vale (-te),

P. Memmius Albucius
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51238 From: Q. Caecilius Metellus Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Q. Caecilius Metellus P. Memmio Albucio salutem.

I realise that you had directed your post to Aurelianus Tribunus, but I hope
you don't mind my answering, since it seems I may have gotten to it before
he has.

You had first asked for a verification regarding the text to which
Aurelianus referred, about the potential vacancy of an office. That text
would be embodied, first, in the Lex Equitia Galeria de Ordinariis, which
amended Art. IV of the Constitution. However, on a topic entirely unrelated
to your question, it is interesting to note that the Tabularium has this
legislation as lapsed, and as rejected by the Senate (though listed as
passed in the Tribunician report
(http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/senate/2004-06-27-results.html) ).
Furthermore, the grammatical/typographical corrections and standardisation
of the Constitution which was undertaken in October (four months
thereafter), lack this amendment. We may have to discuss that at length
some other time, though.

Aside from that, I would like to comment on something you said nearing the
end of your missive, from one citizen to another.

> In the question precisely asked, I think that you could send
> at least one personal message to the concerned magistrate,
> then ask officially his colleague for information, third
> consult your fellow tribunes, and last seize the censors,
> either for information or for action.
> After this last step, a public message in our main list would
> be appropriate, imho.

I certainly respect your opinion, and it is certainly not an invalid one.
However, just to add my opinion to things, I would say that I first don't
believe that the Tribunus was in request of any action. He was simply
asking, publicly, if anyone has heard from L. Arminius. I can not say that
I find anything inappropriate or untoward in that. I find therein simple
concern, both for Faustus Consul and for the Respublica.

Vale Optime,

Quintus Caecilius Metellus Postumianus
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51239 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
M. Hortensia Modians Aurelianoque spd;
well no one can answer this better than I. I used to fight
bitterly with G. Buteo Modianus! Really like cats & dogs;-)Then his
stepfather G. Buteo Quintilianus made a truce between us & since I
respected Quintilianus so much I gave my word to fight no more.

And I found Modianus to be such a good sympathetic person; we have
so much in common! It's risible. Sometimes sparring on the ML
prevents us from reaching out and finding a good friend..

As for Faustus, I am friends with him too. He posted here that he
had just passed an exam. This was a post graduate one that he was
working for and then he was going off to Argentina for a holiday..so
sometimes we have to understand that other events come up in
people's lives.

He also sees reading the Aeneid over at 'Vox Romana' as contributing
to Nova Roma, he loves Roman culture. Remember the fuss over
his 'accent'?
bene vale cives
M. Hortensia Maior




> "Can we get a show of hands on the list if anyone has ever found
Modianus to
> bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid as Censor? or Consul? or
Tribune?
> or Quaestor? or Pontiff? or Flamen? or Augur? or Dasher? or
Prancer? or
> Comet? or Cupid?"
>
> I've never been a Quaestor, and I don't dance or prance... but
I've been
> known to comet a little and depending on the festival or event
I'll even
> cupid.
>
> "I really don't think that I heated things up here at all."
>
> Its all relative. I've been amused, so its not all in vain.
>
> Vale:
>
> Modianus
>
> On 8/20/07, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... <PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@...> wrote:
> >
> >
> > Fl. Galerius G. Fabio Buteo Modiano sal.
> >
> > I can't legally comment on what was answered or not answered on
the Senate
> > List. I have no idea why L. Arminius has been so inactive.
Technically,
> > you haven't answered the question either. I'll ask it as often
as I
> > like until I get an answer I like or understand. If you don't
like it, well
> > . . . see previous post.
> >
> > I have very little to judge on whether a Consul is a failure or
not. I
> > haven't held the job nor do I think I would want to do so.
Seems to warp a
> > fair number of those who held the office?
> >
> > Actually, I never wrote that YOU were bitter, vicious,
oppressive, or
> > paranoid. However, it does make one wonder when you
automatically presumed
> > I was writing about you. Also, I never attacked L. Arminius in
any of my
> > posts on the lists. Where are you getting this stuff? Do you
have some
> > sort of secret archives that is given only to the Censores? On
the other
> > hand, some of your posts are very Drusus-like although your
grammar and
> > spelling are far superior to his posts.
> >
> > By the by, I realize that I am a bit arrogant and sometimes I'm
pompous
> > and pretentious. Sometimes I am pretty and witty and gay (in a
happy, manly
> > sort of way). I can also be condescending . . . you solemn git!
> > Fortunately, I can laugh (ha, ha) at myself with no great
trouble. Years of
> > looking in the mirror will do that for you.
> >
> > Can we get a show of hands on the list if anyone has ever found
Modianus
> > to bitter, vicious, oppressive, and paranoid as Censor? or
Consul? or
> > Tribune? or Quaestor? or Pontiff? or Flamen? or Augur? or
Dasher? or
> > Prancer? or Comet? or Cupid?
> >
> > I really don't think that I heated things up here at all.
Usually, I try
> > to keep it calm, moderate, and funny in a pie-in-the-face and
joy buzzer
> > sort of way.
> >
> > Vale.
> >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51240 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
P. Memmius Albucius Q. Caecilio Metello s.d.

Thanks first for your quick contribution on the first point, which
will help me checking my texts.

On the second point, I have fully understood that, as you have well
written it:

>He was simply asking, publicly, if anyone has heard from L.
>Arminius. I can not say that I find anything inappropriate or
>untoward in that. I find therein simple concern, both for Faustus
>Consul and for the Respublica.

Independently of the quality of the writer and of the interest of the
matter, this was precisely the point. I think that a magistrate
cannot, because of his/her office, act as any citizen. When posting
in our forum, a magistrate may be first seen writing 'as a
magistrate' and not 'as a citizen' on every thing which may enter
her/his field of competency. The more this field is large, the more
the possibility is open. When a quaestor or a provincial magistrate
has thus more opportunities to express his/her opinion, a high
magistrate - specially a Tribune of the plebs who has a watching
power on our institutions - has a much narrower possibility.
In this case, a tribune may/must ask such a question. But as I
developed it in a few words, the normal working way of a magistrate,
imho, is first getting in touch with other magistrates, second
putting an unsolved or preliminary studied question before the whole
people.
Naturally, a magistrate could choose making public all her/his moves
and declarations. But it becomes there politics.

Vale Caecili,



P. Memmius Albucius


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Q. Caecilius Metellus"
<postumianus@...> wrote:
>
> Q. Caecilius Metellus P. Memmio Albucio salutem.
>
> I realise that you had directed your post to Aurelianus Tribunus,
but I hope
> you don't mind my answering, since it seems I may have gotten to it
before
> he has.
>
> You had first asked for a verification regarding the text to which
> Aurelianus referred, about the potential vacancy of an office.
That text
> would be embodied, first, in the Lex Equitia Galeria de Ordinariis,
which
> amended Art. IV of the Constitution. However, on a topic entirely
unrelated
> to your question, it is interesting to note that the Tabularium has
this
> legislation as lapsed, and as rejected by the Senate (though listed
as
> passed in the Tribunician report
> (http://www.novaroma.org/tabularium/senate/2004-06-27-
results.html) ).
> Furthermore, the grammatical/typographical corrections and
standardisation
> of the Constitution which was undertaken in October (four months
> thereafter), lack this amendment. We may have to discuss that at
length
> some other time, though.
>
> Aside from that, I would like to comment on something you said
nearing the
> end of your missive, from one citizen to another.
>
> > In the question precisely asked, I think that you could send
> > at least one personal message to the concerned magistrate,
> > then ask officially his colleague for information, third
> > consult your fellow tribunes, and last seize the censors,
> > either for information or for action.
> > After this last step, a public message in our main list would
> > be appropriate, imho.
>
> I certainly respect your opinion, and it is certainly not an
invalid one.
> However, just to add my opinion to things, I would say that I first
don't
> believe that the Tribunus was in request of any action. He was
simply
> asking, publicly, if anyone has heard from L. Arminius. I can not
say that
> I find anything inappropriate or untoward in that. I find therein
simple
> concern, both for Faustus Consul and for the Respublica.
>
> Vale Optime,
>
> Quintus Caecilius Metellus Postumianus
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51241 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
P. Memmius Albucius Caecilio Tb. Aureliano Sen. Marino Pr. Tulliae et
aliis s.d.


So, if I understand well, I was wrong thinking that I have missed a
major clause of our constitution. So, to be clear, let us remind this
paragraph :
'An office becomes vacant if the magistrate resigns or dies. If a
magistrate has not been in contact with the Senate or the Censors for
60 days, and has not previously notified the Senate and People that
he will need to be out of contact, the Censors shall, having tried
and failed to contact him and having declared their efforts publicly,
declare the office vacant.'

As Q. Caecilius Metellus well remind it us, the evoked text has been:

1/ 'embodied (..) in the [text of] lex Equitia Galeria de
Ordinariis, which amended Art. IV of the Constitution;
2/ voted with the required majority of the 2/3 by the Senate,
according the Tribune report, a.d. V Kal. Quint. MMDCCLVII auc;
3/ voted by the comitia centuriata prid. Kal. Quint. MMDCCLVII
auc;
[let us remark that the Senate should legally have voted *after* the
comitia]
4/ withdrawn from the lex Equitia de constitutione corrigenda
through which the people and the senate (Idus oct. 2757) have
validated a new total text of our constitution.

So:

1/ This clause is not currently applicable;
2/ This is thus normal not to see it in the text of the
constitution given by our tabularium;
3/ A technical modification must, under the authority or Praetor
Tullia and if necessary after last verifications with 2757 auc
consuls and tribunes, be brought to the tabularium page :

http://www.novaroma.org/nr/Lex_Equitia_Galeria_de_ordinariis_%
28Nova_Roma%29

where, in its left chart, the expression 'Rejected by the Senate of
Nova Roma' must be replaced by 'Approved by the Senate of Nova Roma'.

Thanks for your confirmation.


Vale ac valete,



P. Memmius Albucius





--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Patrick D. Owen"
<Patrick.Owen@...> wrote:
>
> Fl. Galerius Aurelianus Tribunus Plebis S.P.D.
>
> Has anyone heard from our other consul outside of the Senate? He
has
> been conspicuous by his absence from the NR ML and associated lists
> for over two months (according to the archives of this list).
> According to the Constitution, if a Consul does not communicate
with
> the Senate for 60 days, then his colleague can proceed to remove
him
> from office, as I interpret the Constitution. I am more concerned
> that something untoward might have become of him.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51242 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Fl. Galerius Aurelianus P. Memmio Albucio sal.



My colleague, go to www.novaroma.org/nr/List_of_leges and reference Numerus XCII aka Lex Equitia Galeria de ordinariis which is listed as "in force" even thought it is marked as lapsed on the text page.

I have always found that the main forum is the perfect place for anyone to post any question or comment that he or she wishes (providing it is not blasphemous or vulgar) because we are all citizens of Nova Roma first.  Any elected offices are simply a temporary embellishment of our citizenship.

I am acutely aware of my responsibilities as a Tribune and none of my obligations or authority (which is derived from the People, the Plebeian Ordo, or the Aedes Ceres) would hinder me asking a question about the whereabouts of a magistrate in the public forum. 

I have communicated privately with L. Arminius Faustus several time during his time as Consul to ask for a point of clarification or to communicate to him that I disagreed with one of his proposed actions.  I have also communicated privately with his colleague about the subject of my question.  I have communicated with some Senatores about this topic.  I have not received a satisfactory answer.

On the subject of the last paragraph of your post to me about the manner in which I chose to ask the question "Where is our other Consul?", I must simply say that I choose to disagree with you.  I do appreciate your well-worded and polite comments though.

Vale. 


-----Original Message-----
From: Publius Memmius Albucius <albucius_aoe@...>
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Mon, 20 Aug 2007 2:16 pm
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Where is our other Consul?







P. Memmius Albucius Tribuno Fl. Galerio Aureliano aliis s.d.

First a verification : could you give us the precise reference of the
constitutional text that you are quoting (and the legal basis -
amendment.. ? For, reading your message, I have re-opened our
tabularium and have not found this 60 days clause. Maybe I did not
draw enough attention to it! Thanks!

Second, as a piece of (short) experience, I have realized in the
recent years that it was hard for a current magistrate, specially for
a high one as a censor, a consul, a praetor or a tribune to post in
our forum as a simple citizen.

In case of such a post, we cannot prevent any of us, cives, asking
why the magistrate has not used the ways that her/his office gives
him/her to follow a question. Posting in the ML may be then seen
either as an extreme tool, or as a will to ask a question publicly.

In the question precisely asked, I think that you could send at least
one personal message to the concerned magistrate, then ask officially
his colleague for information, third consult your fellow tribunes,
and last seize the censors, either for information or for action.
After this last step, a public message in our main list would be
appropriate, imho.

Thanks for your attenton on both points, Tribune et alii.

Vale (-te),

P. Memmius Albucius





________________________________________________________________________
AOL now offers free email to everyone. Find out more about what's free from AOL at AOL.com.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51243 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: a.d. XII Kal. Sept.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem XII Kalendas Septembris; haec dies nefastus
publicus est.

"Aegre id Romana pubes passa et haud dubie ad vim spectare res coepit.
Cui tempus locumque aptum ut daret Romulus aegritudinem animi
dissimulans ludos ex industria parat Neptuno equestri sollemnes;
Consualia vocat. Indici deinde finitimis spectaculum iubet; quantoque
apparatu tum sciebant aut poterant, concelebrant ut rem claram
exspectatamque facerent." - Livy, History of Rome 1.9

"Why is it that at festival of the Consualia they place garlands on
both the horses and the asses and allow them to rest?

Is it because they celebrate this festival in honour of Poseidon, god
of horses,and the ass enjoys a share in the horse's exemption? Or is
it that since navigation and transport by sea have been discovered,
pack animals have come to enjoy a certain measure of ease and rest?" -
Plutarch, "The Roman Questions" 48

"Some state that these things happened in the first year of Romulus'
reign, but Gnaeus Gellius says it was in the fourth, which is more
probable. For it is not likely that the head of a newly-built city
would undertake such an enterprise before establishing its government.
As regards the reason for the seizing of the virgins, some ascribe it
to a scarcity of women, others to the seeking of pretext for war; but
those who give the most plausible account — and with them I agree —
attribute it to the design of contracting an alliance with the
neighbouring cities, founded on affinity. And the Romans even to my
day continued to celebrate the festival then instituted by Romulus,
calling it the Consualia, in the course of which a subterranean altar,
erected near the Circus Maximus, is uncovered by the removal of the
soil round about it and honoured with sacrifices and burnt-offerings
of first-fruits and a course is run both by horses yoked to chariots
and by single horses. The god to whom these honours are paid is called
Consus by the Romans, being the same, according to some who render the
name into our tongue, as Poseidon Seisichthon or the "Earth-shaker";
and they say that this god was honoured with a subterranean altar
because he holds the earth. I know also from hearsay another
tradition, to the effect that the festival is indeed celebrated in
honour of Neptune and the horse-races are held in his honour, but that
the subterranean altar was erected later to a certain divinity whose
name may not be uttered, who presides over and is the guardian of
hidden counsels; for a secret altar has never been erected to Neptune,
they say, in any part of the world by either Greeks or barbarians. But
it is hard to say what the truth of the matter is." - Dionysius of
Halicarnassus, "Roman Antiquities" - 2.31

"They built also a temple to Ceres, to whom by the ministry of women
they offered sacrifices without wine, according to the custom of the
Greeks, none of which rites our time has changed. Moreover, they
assigned a precinct to the Equestrian Neptune and instituted the
festival called by the Arcadians Hippocrateia and by the Romans
Consualia, during which it is customary among the latter for the
horses and mules to rest from work and to have their heads crowned
with flowers. They also consecrated many other precincts, altars and
images of the gods and instituted purifications and sacrifices
according to the customs of their own country, which continued to be
performed down to my day in the same manner." - op. cit. 1.33


Today is the celebration of the Consualia. The Consualia is a
festival which honors Consus, the god who protects the harvest which
is now in storage at this time. The harvest grains were stored in
underground vaults, and the temple of Consus was also underground.
This shrine was covered with earth all year and was only uncovered for
this one day. Mars, as a protector of the harvest, was also honored on
this day, as were the lares, the household gods that individual
families held sacred. Chariot races were held this day in the Circus
Maximus, which included an odd race in which chariots were pulled by
mules. As part of the ceremonies, the rex sacrorum would appear in
full garb riding his horse-drawn chariot once around the Circus
Maximus. Consus is equated, by Livy, Plutarch and Dionysius of
Halicarnassus, with Neptune in his aspect as the god of earthquakes
and horses.

"Rome was little, if you wish to trace its first beginnings,
But still in that little, there was hope of all this.
The walls already stood, too cramped for its future people,
But then thought too large for its populace.
If you ask where my son's palace was,
See there, that house made of straw and reeds.
He snatched the gifts of peaceful sleep on straw,
Yet from that same low bed he rose to the stars.
Already the Roman's name extended beyond his city,
Though he possessed neither wife nor father-in-law.
Wealthy neighbours rejected poor sons-in-law,
And hardly thought I was the origin of the race.
It harmed the Romans that they lived in cattle-byres,
Grazed sheep, and owned a few acres of poor soil.
Birds and beasts each mate with their own kind,
And even a snake has another with which to breed:
Rights of intermarriage are granted to distant peoples:
Yet none wished to marry with the Romans.
I sympathised, Romulus, and gave you your father's spirit:
'Forget prayers,' I said, 'Arms will grant what you seek.'
He prepared a feast for the god, Consus. Consus will tell you
The rest of what happened that day when you sing his rites.
Cures was angered, and all who endured that same wrong:
Then a father fist waged war on his sons-in-law.
The ravished women were now almost mothers,
And the war between the kinfolk lingered on,
When the wives gathered to the call in Juno's temple:
Among them, my daughter-in-law dared to speak:
"Oh, all you ravished women (we have that in common)
We can no longer delay our duties to our kin.
The battle prepares, but choose which side you will pray for:
Your husbands on this side, your fathers are on that.
The question is whether you choose to be widows or fatherless:
I will give you dutiful and bold advice."
She gave counsel: they obeyed and loosened their hair,
And clothed their bodies in gloomy funeral dress.
The ranks already stood to arms, preparing to die,
The trumpets were about to sound the battle signal,
When the ravished women stood between husband and father,
Holding their infants, dear pledges of love, to their breasts.
When, with streaming hair, they reached the centre of the field,
They knelt on the ground, their grandchildren, as if they understood,
With sweet cries, stretching out their little arms to their grandfathers:
Those who could, called to their grandfather, seen for the first time,
And those who could barely speak yet, were encouraged to try.
The arms and passions of the warriors fall: dropping their swords
Fathers and sons-in-law grasp each other's hands,
They embrace the women, praising them, and the grandfather
Bears his grandchild on his shield: a sweeter use for it." - Ovid,
Fasti III

On this day the Rape of the Sabine women took place under Romulus.
Seeing a need to increase the population of Rome, Romulus authorized
each Roman to forcibly take women from the visiting Sabines as their
wives, but only as appropriate to their social status. A war to avenge
this insult was avoided when the kidnapped Sabine women intervened and
voluntarily accepted their Roman husbands, who had been careful to
treat them honorably.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Livy, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Plutarch, Ovid, Wikipedia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51244 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Cato P. Memmio Albucio omnibusque SPD

Salvete.

Memmius Albucius, you have pointed out an interesting flaw:

The lex Equitia Galeria de ordinariis is INCORRECTLY marked as being
"lapsed" and INCORRECTLY marked as having been rejected by the Senate.
That it is absent from the currently displayed lex Constitutiva is an
error, and can be corrected easily. Its absence from the lex
Constitutiva as shown in the lex Equitia Galeria de constitutione
corrigenda is an error, which also can be fixed easily.

As a praetor of the Republic it is my official stance that the lex
Equitia Galeria de ordinariis is, as voted by the People and ratified
by the Senate, fully in force and applicable.

Valete bene,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51245 From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Lex Equitia Galeria de ordinariis - Where is our other Consul?
Aurelianus Cato sal.



It is my opinion as a Tribunus Plebis that the Lex Equitia Galeria de ordinariis has never been in lapse and has remained in force from the time it was accepted by the Senate and Comitia.? It has been unfortunate that it was not added to Section IV of the Constitution as it should have been.

Vale.


-----Original Message-----
From: Gaius Equitius Cato <mlcinnyc@...>
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Tue, 21 Aug 2007 9:57 am
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]







Cato P. Memmio Albucio omnibusque SPD

Salvete.

Memmius Albucius, you have pointed out an interesting flaw:

The lex Equitia Galeria de ordinariis is INCORRECTLY marked as being
"lapsed" and INCORRECTLY marked as having been rejected by the Senate.
That it is absent from the currently displayed lex Constitutiva is an
error, and can be corrected easily. Its absence from the lex
Constitutiva as shown in the lex Equitia Galeria de constitutione
corrigenda is an error, which also can be fixed easily.

As a praetor of the Republic it is my official stance that the lex
Equitia Galeria de ordinariis is, as voted by the People and ratified
by the Senate, fully in force and applicable.

Valete bene,

Cato





________________________________________________________________________
AOL now offers free email to everyone. Find out more about what's free from AOL at AOL.com.


[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51246 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-21
Subject: Fwd: [yg-alerts] Message Delivery Delay - Issue Resolved
Forwarded for your information.

CN-EQVIT-MARINVS

----- Forwarded message from jheldt@... -----
Date: Wed, 22 Aug 2007 00:41:10 -0000
From: Jami <jheldt@...>
Reply-To: yg-alerts-owner@yahoogroups.com
Subject: [yg-alerts] Message Delivery Delay - Issue Resolved
To: yg-alerts@yahoogroups.com

As of 8/21 5:30 pm PDT: The system failure that was causing message
delivery delays has been corrected. While our engineers have
identified and corrected the root cause of this issue on the Yahoo!
Groups side, you may still continue to receive messages from your ISP
over the next few days. We appreciate your patience as we worked
toward resolution and are sincerely sorry for any inconvenience this
has caused. We've taken measures to avoid a recurrence of this issue
in the future.

For more details on this issue, please visit the Groups team blog:
http://blog.360.yahoo.com/y_groups_team

Thank you,
Jami Heldt
Groups Community Manager
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51247 From: Diana Aventina Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
Salvete,
Actually I am glad that this was mentioned on the main list. I had forgotten
who the other consul was-- which is a bad sign!
Valete,
Diana Octavia
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51248 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
A. Apollonius omnibus sal.

I noticed the discussion about the lex Equitia Galeria and the lex constitutiva and thought I'd better check out the confusion, partly since I was the one who originally transferred a number of the relevant legal texts into the new website, and partly since I take a general interest in the tabularium.

There are several points to address:

1. Was the lex Equitia Galeria approved by the necessary majority of the senate or not?
2. Is the lex Equitia Galeria currently in force or lapsed?
3. Does the amendment it made to the lex constitutiva still remain in the current text of the lex constitutiva.

My answers follow.

1. I have racked my brains, and I cannot remember any particular reason why I, contrary to the tribunes' report (which my friend Q. Metellus has kindly supplied) and contrary to basic arithmetic, marked the lex as "rejected" by the senate. I can only conclude that this was a clerical error on my part, for which I apologize. It is, however, easily rectified.

2. The lex is no longer in force because its effect has been completely nullified by the subsequent amendment of the lex constitutiva made by means of the lex Equitia de constitutione corrigenda. The latter lex Equitia enacted a complete text of the lex constitutiva. This lex did not contain the additional text which had been inserted by the lex Equitia Galeria. This was, no doubt, an inadvertent oversight. However, that makes no difference. The fact is that the populus and the senate approved the lex Equitia de constitutione corrigenda, and thus they declared their wish that the lex constitutiva should consist of that text and no other text. They approved the removal of the clause inserted by the lex Equitia Galeria. That clause can only be re-inserted by another amendment in the usual way. Consequently the lex has no effect and has lapsed.

3. The answer which follows from answer 2 is that the sentences added by the lex Equitia Galeria are not part of the current text of the lex constitutiva.


I'd like to take this opportunity to make a few more general comments.

The first is about the tabularium and its management. When we first began to transfer the contents of the old website to the new, wiki-based site, I took a special interest in the tabularium and tried to put in place mechanisms and formats which would make it easy to use. I also tried to stock it with the texts of the most recent leges, and did in fact, I believe, manage to add all the leges which had been passed in the previous two years. After that first push I found I had less time to spare, but I continued to make occasional additions and improvements (as indeed did other contributors, whose contributions I don't wish to minimize).

But soon after the beginning of this political year the new praetores decided that they wanted exclusive control over the content of the tabularium on the new website. Moreover, anyone who tried to make any positive contribution to the tabularium without their explicit prior authority was rewarded with a stern rebuke from the praetrix.

In the first six months or so of the new website, the tabularium went from nothing at all to a fairly comprehensive and fairly easy-to-use collection of all the legal texts of the two previous years, and was continuing to grow and improve at the same rate. Since the praetores took over exclusive control of it, they have begun to implement an overhaul of the structure of the tabularium which has so far done nothing, in my experience, except make it more difficult to use. An example, which I hope will not be too boringly technical. Originally all previous versions of the lex constitutiva were placed in a 'category' called, conventiently enough, 'constitution'. In addition, each previous version of the lex constitutiva had a box at the top of it linking to the version before and the version after. This made it very easy to see all the previous versions there had been, and to compare successive versions, and to work out what order they went in. Under
the new regime, all versions of the lex constitutiva except the current one were removed from the category 'constitution'. The idea, it seems, was to replace this category with a simple list of all previous versions. The problem was that this list had to be updated manually, and did not (and does not now) contain even half the previous versions of the lex constitutiva. Also, the links to preceding and following versions were removed from the texts of the versions themselves. The result was that there were about half a dozen previous versions of the lex constitutiva which were on the website but which nobody would ever find unless he already knew they were there, and even someone who knew they were there would find it very difficult to find them. No doubt the praetores would say that these problems will all eventually be solved once the overhaul is complete, but as far as I can see the overhaul has been proceeding at an incredibly slow rate and
we'll be luck if the tabularium is as comprehensive and user-friendly at the end of the year as it was at the beginning.

I must add that, as far as I know, no one has been adding new senatus consulta (proposed, approved, or failed) to the website since the praetores took over responsibility for the tabularium, and the addition of edicta has been decidedly patchy.

I do not say that the praetores and their staff have not been working hard. I'm sure they have. But what is wonderful about the wiki-based website is that it is so easy for anyone and everyone to contribute to. If you have, say, ten people who take an interest in Roman food, and each of them has an hour to spare every week, you get ten hours of work done every week to improve the website's information about Roman food. The same virtue formerly allowed the interest and spare time of a significant number of people to be harnessed in the interest of keeping the tabularium up-to-date and filling it with old documents. But by a single stroke the praetores have returned the tabularium - the one part of the website where being up-to-date is most important - to the bad old days. Now no one can contribute anything without spending several days getting approval from the praetores, and as a result everyone who formerly contributed, including me, has simply
stopped bothering. Now the only people who maintain the tabularium are the one or two people whom the praetores employ for this purpose, and it seems they simply lack the time and energy to do it. The praetores may think that this is a small price to pay for protecting the tabularium from vandalism or incompetent editing, but I can assure them that there has actually never been any serious vandalism or incompetent editing of the tabularium, and in any case another virtue of the wiki system is that these things are incredibly easy to undo.

I would also note that there is no historical precedent whatsoever for the praetores having exclusive, or any, control over the contents of the tabularium.

That's all I have to say about the praetores and their custody of the tabularium. My last point, for those who are still reading, is a long-standing ingredient of my repertoire: the legislative system itself. Why have we got into this muddle about whether a lex is lapsed or not, whether it was approved by the necessary 'super-majority' in the senate or not, whether it is part of the lex constitutiva or not? It's not only confusing, it's totally unnecessary. The Romans had none of these things. They did not use leges to amend other leges. When a lex needed to be changed, it was completely replaced with a new text. The old text could then be completely forgotten. There was no need to perform this complicated process of cross-referencing the amending lex with the original and producing a composite which formed a new text. And they certainly did not trouble themselves with having a single large legal text which purported to define the essential
principles of the constitution and which could only be amended using a particularly complex legislative process involving super-majorities and multiple ratifications by different groups of people. All this stuff is un-Roman and unnecessary. If we legislated the way the Romans legislated, the tabularium would be a lot smaller and a lot simpler.

Thank you for your attention.

(P.S. I have taken the liberty of correcting the error I made with the text of the lex Equitia Galeria, so that it is now correctly marked as "approved by the senate". It took me about 30 seconds. While I am being pistol-whipped by the praetrix for making unauthorized changes to the tabularium, please observe that this simple clerical error had not already been corrected by the praetores or their staff even after two or three days of public discussion in this forum, and ask yourselves whether their monopoly of the tabularium is really an efficient way to manage public archives.)



___________________________________________________________
Yahoo! Answers - Got a question? Someone out there knows the answer. Try it
now.
http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51249 From: A. Apollonius Cordus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: P.S.
A. Apollonius omnibus sal.

In my last message I said that the new list of previous versions of the lex constitutiva which the pratores have created did not contain all previous versions. After some further exploration, I believe that it does contain all previous versions.

I apologize to the praetores for this error. I stand by my general comments, and indeed the very fact that I made this mistake demonstrates how the praetores' partially-complete overhaul of the tabularium has made it more difficult to use, even for someone like me who is pretty familiar with the materials it contains.




___________________________________________________________
Want ideas for reducing your carbon footprint? Visit Yahoo! For Good http://uk.promotions.yahoo.com/forgood/environment.html
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51250 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: EX OFFICIO GAI EQUITI CATONI PRAETORIS
Cato A. Apollonio omnibusque sal.

Salvete omnes.

a couple of points here.

The lex Equitia Galeria de constitutione corrigenda states:

"Note: This is simply the current Constitution, with its spelling,
grammar, and orthography corrected to remove accumulated errors. It
contains all amendments passed to date."

With that note, it was probably assumed that, in fact, it *was* the
entire lex Constitutiva simply with grammatical and orthographical
corrections. As Cordus has pointed out, obviously it was not. And,
whether it was the intent of the drafters of the lex Equit. Gal. &c.
or not, we are left with the lex Const. shorn of an amendment that was
passed by the People and ratified by the Senate. I was mistaken and I
apologize to Memmius Albucius.

Secondly, Cordus wrote:

"But soon after the beginning of this political year the new praetores
decided that they wanted exclusive control over the content of the
tabularium on the new website. Moreover, anyone who tried to make any
positive contribution to the tabularium without their explicit prior
authority was rewarded with a stern rebuke from the praetrix."

The "praetores" did not decide this, and I cannot find an edict by
which this was made law. I certainly do not agree with this approach
to our wiki site. On behalf of myself and my cohors, I apologize for
the actions of my colleague in the praetorship, and want to make it
clear that I will not allow this situation to continue.


EX OFFICIO GAI EQUITI CATONI

Ex hoc edicto, cives scribas meos una cum officiis privilegiisque
omnibus praescriptis legibus Novae Romae designo. [By this edict, I
appoint the follwing citizens as scribes with all the rights and
privileges afforded under Nova Roman law]

I hereby formally appoint M. Lucretius Agricola and A. Apollonius
Cordus as scribae with powers to curate the Tabularium on my behalf,
with full praetorial imperium to do so.

Hoc edictum statim valet. Quidquam ius iurandum non poscentur. [This
edict takes effect immediately. No oath shall be required]

Datum sub manu mea ante diem X Kal. Sept. MMDCCLX ab urbe
condita (anno Domini 2007) L. Arminio Fausto Tb. Galerio Paulino coss.

[Given under my hand this tenth day before the Kalends of September in
the 2769th year after the founding of the City, during the consulships
of L. Arminus Faustus and Tb. Galerius Paulinus]

Valete,

Cato
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51251 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Gratulatione!
A. Tullia Scholastica quirítibus, sociís, peregrínísque bonae voluntátis
S.P.D.

Congratulations are due to the following, who have successfully
completed Grammatica Latina I or II, respectively. Marks are still pending
for the Sermo Latinus classes, though the courses themselves are over.

Grammatica Latina I:

Jano Mladonicky
A. Horatius Severus

Grammatica Latina II:

C. Aurelia Falco Silvana
C. Sentius Leoninus
T. Licinius Neuraleanus

Vobis gratulor de peritia vestra!

I encourage all those interested in learning Latin to sign up for
one of our courses. Time and effort are required, but the reward is great.

Valete!



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51252 From: A. Tullia Scholastica Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
>
>
A. Tullia Scholastica quirítibus, sociís, peregrínísque bonae voluntátis,
praesertim A. Apollonio Cordo, S.P.D.


>
>
> A. Apollonius omnibus sal.
>
> I noticed the discussion about the lex Equitia Galeria and the lex
> constitutiva and thought I'd better check out the confusion, partly since I
> was the one who originally transferred a number of the relevant legal texts
> into the new website, and partly since I take a general interest in the
> tabularium.
>
> There are several points to address:
>
> 1. Was the lex Equitia Galeria approved by the necessary majority of the
> senate or not?
> 2. Is the lex Equitia Galeria currently in force or lapsed?
> 3. Does the amendment it made to the lex constitutiva still remain in the
> current text of the lex constitutiva.
>
> <snip>
>
> I'd like to take this opportunity to make a few more general comments.
>
> The first is about the tabularium and its management. When we first began to
> transfer the contents of the old website to the new, wiki-based site, I took a
> special interest in the tabularium and tried to put in place mechanisms and
> formats which would make it easy to use. I also tried to stock it with the
> texts of the most recent leges, and did in fact, I believe, manage to add all
> the leges which had been passed in the previous two years. After that first
> push I found I had less time to spare, but I continued to make occasional
> additions and improvements (as indeed did other contributors, whose
> contributions I don't wish to minimize).
>
> But soon after the beginning of this political year the new praetores decided
> that they wanted exclusive control over the content of the tabularium on the
> new website. Moreover, anyone who tried to make any positive contribution to
> the tabularium without their explicit prior authority was rewarded with a
> stern rebuke from the praetrix.
>
> ATS: Corde, it happens that people were uploading uncorrected laws,
> though corrected versions were available from the original Tabularium website.
> Perhaps you would prefer uncorrected laws to corrected ones, but I at least do
> not. I worked long and hard when I was former praetor Perusianus¹ scriba to
> correct those laws, and to rescue the ones which had been deleted illegally.
> There is no good reason why someone should upload an error-ridden law when a
> perfectly correct one is available in plain sight. Moreover, in case you
> missed this, Consul Paulinus noted that the text of some laws on the wiki may
> have been altered without permission; I have asked my scribae to look into
> this, for, inter alia, I have been extremely preoccupied with my duties at the
> AT, which most recently have included the correction of a very difficult
> section of the intermediate final examination and the computation of final
> grades for that class. I did not rebuke anyone sternly, though I did inform
> some parties that the Tabularium was the praetors¹ domain, and ask them not to
> upload material thereto without permission.
>
>
>
> In the first six months or so of the new website, the tabularium went from
> nothing at all to a fairly comprehensive and fairly easy-to-use collection of
> all the legal texts of the two previous years, and was continuing to grow and
> improve at the same rate. Since the praetores took over exclusive control of
> it, they have begun to implement an overhaul of the structure of the
> tabularium which has so far done nothing, in my experience, except make it
> more difficult to use.
>
> ATS: It has been our intent to make the Tabularium easier to use. As I
> am not a cybernaut, I have left this element in the hands of my cybernaut
> scriba, Sabinus.
>
> An example, which I hope will not be too boringly technical. Originally all
> previous versions of the lex constitutiva were placed in a 'category' called,
> conventiently enough, 'constitution'. In addition, each previous version of
> the lex constitutiva had a box at the top of it linking to the version before
> and the version after. This made it very easy to see all the previous
> versions there had been, and to compare successive versions, and to work out
> what order they went in. Under
> the new regime, all versions of the lex constitutiva except the current one
> were removed from the category 'constitution'.
>
> ATS: Apparently you were mistaken in this, and have corrected your error.
>
>
> The idea, it seems, was to replace this category with a simple list of all
> previous versions. The problem was that this list had to be updated manually,
> and did not (and does not now) contain even half the previous versions of the
> lex constitutiva. Also, the links to preceding and following versions were
> removed from the texts of the versions themselves. The result was that there
> were about half a dozen previous versions of the lex constitutiva which were
> on the website but which nobody would ever find unless he already knew they
> were there, and even someone who knew they were there would find it very
> difficult to find them. No doubt the praetores would say that these problems
> will all eventually be solved once the overhaul is complete, but as far as I
> can see the overhaul has been proceeding at an incredibly slow rate and
> we'll be luck if the tabularium is as comprehensive and user-friendly at the
> end of the year as it was at the beginning.
>
> ATS: It is quite true that the overhaul of the Tabularium has effectively
> come to a standstill. Sabinus has apparently not been able to proceed with
> the uploading, and now is apparently on vacation. Albucius had translated the
> entire corpus into French, but cannot upload them, and requires assistance;
> the other translation scribae seem to feel that I should hand them the texts
> to be translated, whereas I have supplied the titles of the laws which are of
> the highest priority, and, of course, expected that they would look these up
> and proceed with translation. I have provided the texts of the deleted laws,
> and corrected laws; it is up to the scribae to upload them. That is why
> magistrates have scribae...
>
> I must add that, as far as I know, no one has been adding new senatus consulta
> (proposed, approved, or failed) to the website since the praetores took over
> responsibility for the tabularium, and the addition of edicta has been
> decidedly patchy.
>
> ATS: We have been working on getting the laws transferred, which are more
> important than Senatus consulta or edicta.
>
> I do not say that the praetores and their staff have not been working hard.
> I'm sure they have. But what is wonderful about the wiki-based website is
> that it is so easy for anyone and everyone to contribute to. If you have,
> say, ten people who take an interest in Roman food, and each of them has an
> hour to spare every week, you get ten hours of work done every week to improve
> the website's information about Roman food. The same virtue formerly allowed
> the interest and spare time of a significant number of people to be harnessed
> in the interest of keeping the tabularium up-to-date and filling it with old
> documents. But by a single stroke the praetores have returned the tabularium
> - the one part of the website where being up-to-date is most important - to
> the bad old days.
>
> ATS: We have addressed a problem: that of unauthorized uploading
> incorrect texts. We may have to dig deeper to find out what may have happened
> with regard to texts being altered. I have asked Albucius to look into this,
> which he said he would, but he has not yet reported back to me.
>
> The Tabularium is the praetores¹ responsibility, and that of their staffs.
> Unlike material on Roman cooking, or many other subjects, it should not be
> altered. Are laws in Britain regularly altered by putting them on the wiki
> and having any Tom, Dick, and Harry rewrite them as he sees fit? I think not.
>
>
> Now no one can contribute anything without spending several days getting
> approval from the praetores, and as a result everyone who formerly
> contributed, including me, has simply
> stopped bothering.
>
> ATS: Now, Corde, this is nonsense. Granted, I was away for much of June,
> but had at least minimal net access most of the time on the longer absence;
> otherwise, I have been here, and would have granted approval quite quickly.
> The extreme and unexpected prolongation of the AT classes, which were to have
> ended in late May or early June, did not help, nor did a week of power failure
> here, nor did weeks of severe net access problems, likely as a result of that
> utterly devastating and unexpected October storm, nor did similar difficulties
> accessing the AT server which both Avitus and I experienced aid us, nor did
> the profoundly late submission of reading assignments by the intermediate
> class members. The fact remains that the classes were delayed, and I had to
> deal with that fact. Domestic matters requiring my urgent attention have also
> intervened. Of course, such things never happen to you, or anyone else...all
> were unforeseen, and none fell into the realm of my control. Sorry to
> disappoint you on that.
>
> Now the only people who maintain the tabularium are the one or two people
> whom the praetores employ for this purpose, and it seems they simply lack the
> time and energy to do it.
>
> ATS: They were active earlier in the year, but ÂŒtis summer, and that,
> too, August, when many go away. I think that both Albucius and Sabinus have
> plenty of energy, though whether they have the time at present is another
> matter.
>
>
> The praetores may think that this is a small price to pay for protecting the
> tabularium from vandalism or incompetent editing, but I can assure them that
> there has actually never been any serious vandalism or incompetent editing of
> the tabularium, and in any case another virtue of the wiki system is that
> these things are incredibly easy to undo.
>
> ATS: We have had vandalism, and we have had improper uploading. We may
> have had actual alteration of at least one law text. Granted, such things are
> easy to undo on the wiki, at least by those skilled in matters cybernautic,
> which I am not.
>
> I would also note that there is no historical precedent whatsoever for the
> praetores having exclusive, or any, control over the contents of the
> tabularium.
>
> ATS: Well, that has been their domain here in NR. Until today, Cato has
> exhibited absolute zero interest in it, whereas I had corrected all of the
> existing laws, so I have taken over this element.
>
> That's all I have to say about the praetores and their custody of the
> tabularium. My last point, for those who are still reading, is a
> long-standing ingredient of my repertoire: the legislative system itself. Why
> have we got into this muddle about whether a lex is lapsed or not, whether it
> was approved by the necessary 'super-majority' in the senate or not, whether
> it is part of the lex constitutiva or not? It's not only confusing, it's
> totally unnecessary. The Romans had none of these things. They did not use
> leges to amend other leges. When a lex needed to be changed, it was
> completely replaced with a new text. The old text could then be completely
> forgotten. There was no need to perform this complicated process of
> cross-referencing the amending lex with the original and producing a composite
> which formed a new text. And they certainly did not trouble themselves with
> having a single large legal text which purported to define the essential
> principles of the constitution and which could only be amended using a
> particularly complex legislative process involving super-majorities and
> multiple ratifications by different groups of people. All this stuff is
> un-Roman and unnecessary. If we legislated the way the Romans legislated, the
> tabularium would be a lot smaller and a lot simpler.
>
> ATS: Well, I leave the details of this to you legal eagles...but
> constitutions are nice things to have.
>
> Thank you for your attention.
>
> (P.S. I have taken the liberty of correcting the error I made with the text
> of the lex Equitia Galeria, so that it is now correctly marked as "approved by
> the senate". It took me about 30 seconds. While I am being pistol-whipped by
> the praetrix for making unauthorized changes to the tabularium, please observe
> that this simple clerical error had not already been corrected by the
> praetores or their staff even after two or three days of public discussion in
> this forum, and ask yourselves whether their monopoly of the tabularium is
> really an efficient way to manage public archives.)
>
> ATS: The praetrix, who has a name, will not pistol-whip you, or
> anyone...but does ask that uploading of law and other texts be approved. It
> is a simple procedure. The praetrix has been busy correcting the extremely
> difficult scansion section of the intermediate Latin final examination. The
> first paper, belonging to the person who is normally my best student, took
> about six hours for the initial correction, which had to be redone in part to
> bring all credit allocation into conformity with that of the other students,
> thus requiring some nine hours or so to correct ONE paper representing less
> than 20% of the examination; this specific section was less than 10% of the
> total. Inexplicably, the students had incredible difficulty with this
> section, which requested the scansion of a simple 8-line poem in a simple
> Latin meter along with other questions on metrics and a poem translation.
> Now, maybe that¹s why Consul Faustus had such trouble scanning the even easier
> Aeneid, and reads it as Portuguese prose rather than Latin poetry, but the
> fact remains that the students did have major problems, and that meant that
> correction took an unduly long time. It also seems that my cybernaut scriba
> is on vacation, shockingly, as it is August, when many are away, so perhaps he
> did not see this topic after a few days of discussion...and I have been
> extremely preoccupied with exam correction and finishing the course(s) so that
> new students could be registered, and with the preparation of sound files for
> the benefit of future students, as well as with domestic emergencies.
> Management of the Tabularium by the praetores is plenty efficient, especially
> since I at least have not seen a spate of laws being proposed this year (or
> any, if memory serves...); most of the edicta have been for appointments
> and/or provincial in nature, or subject to intercessio. Now when the scribae
> reappear, I hope that they will attend to these matters, but I can no more
> force them to do their work than I can force my students to submit their
> assignments on time. I can (and do) set the CMS to refuse late assignments,
> but the students can send them to me by another means, and I am not yet quite
> so adamant about this as Avitus is (but WILL become so next year). There are
> consequences for that lateness, including the profoundly late conclusion of
> the course, but I have no control over computer problems or unexpected work
> situations, illness, etc., on the part of my students. Or my scribae.
>
> Vale, et valete.
>
> __________________________________________________________
>



[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51253 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
Salve Corde, et salvete quirites,

"A. Apollonius Cordus" <a_apollonius_cordus@...> writes:

[in part]

> 2. The lex is no longer in force because its effect has been
> completely nullified by the subsequent amendment of the lex
> constitutiva made by means of the lex Equitia de constitutione
> corrigenda. The latter lex Equitia enacted a complete text of the
> lex constitutiva. This lex did not contain the additional text
> which had been inserted by the lex Equitia Galeria.

How are you reaching this conclusion Corde? It is true that in the
reference text that was posted to Fuscus' website, the amendment was
left out. But in the actual text that M. Octavius placed in the
Cista, the amendment was included. I think it was you who pointed out
the missing text to me, and I made sure that Octavius had the correct
text in the Cista at the time of the vote. Perhaps Octavius saves
those pages, and could confirm this.

Vale,

CN-EQVIT-MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51254 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Re: 60 days clause [Where is our other Consul?]
SALVETE!

I returned from vacation and from two days I read all messages. I'm
accommodating with the subject in this moment.
In the first part of the year the laws titles were corrected and the
list of laws was completed with a few exception (the laws with the
title colored in red (14 from 114); that because these laws aren't
in the old tabularium web site).
In the second part of the year, what is necessary will be completed,
this time with the new added forces more able than me to make
corrections.
If the tabularium is easy or not to be used, I think it's a
difficult question. Probably the problem comes from what Cordus
already pointed out, our complex legislative system. Something
simple for someone can be difficult for another one to understand. I
agree with that.
In the same time praetrix Scholastica has right that if any citizen
will come with his own version to organize the tabularium we will
have more than a jungle. Anybody who tried to make positive
contributions to tabularium wasn't stopped. The tabularium is
watched to prevent the vandalism acts but this is something
different from interdictions. In fact, people with complains about
that are periodical contributors. The wiki pages history are really
evidences about that.

VALETE,
IVL SABINVS



--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "A. Tullia Scholastica"
<fororom@...> wrote:
> A. Tullia Scholastica quirítibus, sociís, peregrínísque bonae
voluntátis, praesertim A. Apollonio Cordo, S.P.D.

> > A. Apollonius omnibus sal.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51255 From: Titus Iulius Sabinus Date: 2007-08-22
Subject: Governors mailing list.
SALVETE!

This message is a reminder to new elected governors (or to the old
ones-if is the case) which are not members of this list:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CONVENTVS_GVBERNATORVM/
to join to it.

VALETE,
IVL SABINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51256 From: Milyardo Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Becoming a Citizen.
Dear Assembly and Magistrates, and to the Admin of Novaroma.org,
I would first like to say that I am very blessed to have run
across a place that shares in the ideals I've held within myself for
some time now. As the main site had instructed I adopted a Roman Name
to begin the citizen process. I chose Numerius Apollonius Quadratus.
I was atempting to finalize my citizenship by clicking the link
provided but I was greeted by this, "Cannot create session file
in /www/novaroma/cgi-bin/sessions: too many failed attempts to create
session in /www/novaroma/cgi-bin/sessions." I really desire to become
a citizen of Nova Roma and do all that I can as a Roman citizen for the
glory of Rome, but I am impeded by this. Any assistance I can get
would be most appreciated. Thank you in advance for reading this post
and may the Gods bless Nova Roma.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51257 From: Sextus Lucilius Tutor Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: And Again Flag
Salvete!

In former times I wrote about our NR flag. It is a pity that citizens
dont have opportunity to buy our flag.
I and other citizines call for possibility to buy our NOva Roma flag.

It is also good opportunity present Nova Roma.

Valete

Sextus Lucilius Tutor
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51258 From: M·CVR·COMPLVTENSIS Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: Becoming a Citizen.
Salve and welcome to Nova Roma

there is a problem in the website. Try later.

Vale

M·CVRIATIVS·COMPLVTENSIS
TRIBVNVS PLEBIS
PROPRAETOR HISPANIAE
SCRIBA CENSORIS GFBM
NOVA ROMA

-------------------------------------------

ex paucis multa, ex minimis maxima

----- Original Message -----
From: Milyardo
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Thursday, August 23, 2007 9:56 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] Becoming a Citizen.


Dear Assembly and Magistrates, and to the Admin of Novaroma.org,
I would first like to say that I am very blessed to have run
across a place that shares in the ideals I've held within myself for
some time now. As the main site had instructed I adopted a Roman Name
to begin the citizen process. I chose Numerius Apollonius Quadratus.
I was atempting to finalize my citizenship by clicking the link
provided but I was greeted by this, "Cannot create session file
in /www/novaroma/cgi-bin/sessions: too many failed attempts to create
session in /www/novaroma/cgi-bin/sessions." I really desire to become
a citizen of Nova Roma and do all that I can as a Roman citizen for the
glory of Rome, but I am impeded by this. Any assistance I can get
would be most appreciated. Thank you in advance for reading this post
and may the Gods bless Nova Roma.





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51259 From: Annia Minucia Marcella Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Salvete!

I would also like to buy a flag.

Valete,

Annia Minucia Marcella
http://minucia.ciarin.com
http://novabritannia.org


----- Original Message -----
From: Sextus Lucilius Tutor
To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
Sent: Thursday, August 23, 2007 5:37 AM
Subject: [Nova-Roma] And Again Flag


Salvete!

In former times I wrote about our NR flag. It is a pity that citizens
dont have opportunity to buy our flag.
I and other citizines call for possibility to buy our NOva Roma flag.

It is also good opportunity present Nova Roma.

Valete

Sextus Lucilius Tutor





[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51260 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: Where is our other Consul?
P. Memmius Albucius Fl. Galerio Aureliano s.d.

Thanks for your message, Aureliane.

On the matter of how a magistrate is to post in this ML, I think that
our conceptions of such magistracies seem, yes, to differ in some
aspects.

But at the same time, your last but one paragraph (see infra) and
specially its last sentence, now shows the whole prelimiary work that
you have done on the topics.

Imho, you should have not refrained, in your first post, informing
this forum of these steps, so that the first reactions could have
been enlightened by this important preliminary work.

>I do appreciate your well-worded and polite comments though.
You highly deserve such a style, Tribune !

Vale,


P. Memmius Albucius





--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@... wrote:
>
>
> Fl. Galerius Aurelianus P. Memmio Albucio sal.
>
>
>
> My colleague, go to www.novaroma.org/nr/List_of_leges and
reference Numerus XCII aka Lex Equitia Galeria de ordinariis which is
listed as "in force" even thought it is marked as lapsed on the text
page.
>
> I have always found that the main forum is the perfect place for
anyone to post any question or comment that he or she wishes
(providing it is not blasphemous or vulgar) because we are all
citizens of Nova Roma first.  Any elected offices are simply a
temporary embellishment of our citizenship.
>
> I am acutely aware of my responsibilities as a Tribune and none of
my obligations or authority (which is derived from the People, the
Plebeian Ordo, or the Aedes Ceres) would hinder me asking a question
about the whereabouts of a magistrate in the public forum. 
>
> I have communicated privately with L. Arminius Faustus several time
during his time as Consul to ask for a point of clarification or to
communicate to him that I disagreed with one of his proposed
actions.  I have also communicated privately with his colleague
about the subject of my question.  I have communicated with some
Senatores about this topic.  I have not received a satisfactory
answer.
>
> On the subject of the last paragraph of your post to me about
the manner in which I chose to ask the question "Where is our other
Consul?", I must simply say that I choose to disagree with you.  I
do appreciate your well-worded and polite comments though.
>
> Vale. 
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Publius Memmius Albucius <albucius_aoe@...>
> To: Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com
> Sent: Mon, 20 Aug 2007 2:16 pm
> Subject: [Nova-Roma] Re: Where is our other Consul?
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> P. Memmius Albucius Tribuno Fl. Galerio Aureliano aliis s.d.
>
> First a verification : could you give us the precise reference of
the
> constitutional text that you are quoting (and the legal basis -
> amendment.. ? For, reading your message, I have re-opened our
> tabularium and have not found this 60 days clause. Maybe I did not
> draw enough attention to it! Thanks!
>
> Second, as a piece of (short) experience, I have realized in the
> recent years that it was hard for a current magistrate, specially
for
> a high one as a censor, a consul, a praetor or a tribune to post in
> our forum as a simple citizen.
>
> In case of such a post, we cannot prevent any of us, cives, asking
> why the magistrate has not used the ways that her/his office gives
> him/her to follow a question. Posting in the ML may be then seen
> either as an extreme tool, or as a will to ask a question publicly.
>
> In the question precisely asked, I think that you could send at
least
> one personal message to the concerned magistrate, then ask
officially
> his colleague for information, third consult your fellow tribunes,
> and last seize the censors, either for information or for action.
> After this last step, a public message in our main list would be
> appropriate, imho.
>
> Thanks for your attenton on both points, Tribune et alii.
>
> Vale (-te),
>
> P. Memmius Albucius
>
>
>
>
>
>
______________________________________________________________________
__
> AOL now offers free email to everyone. Find out more about what's
free from AOL at AOL.com.
>
>
> [Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51261 From: dave bustillos Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Salvete,
I remember a few years back we could buy one Styled like the Legios, My question is does any one remember who use to sell them?
Vale,
Luci Curti

Sextus Lucilius Tutor <phorus@...> wrote:
Salvete!

In former times I wrote about our NR flag. It is a pity that citizens
dont have opportunity to buy our flag.
I and other citizines call for possibility to buy our NOva Roma flag.

It is also good opportunity present Nova Roma.

Valete

Sextus Lucilius Tutor






---------------------------------
Need a vacation? Get great deals to amazing places on Yahoo! Travel.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51262 From: Gnaeus Equitius Marinus Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Salve Luci Curti,

Lucius Curtius writes:

[about flags]
> I remember a few years back we could buy one Styled like the
> Legios, My question is does any one remember who use to sell them?

Marcus Cassius Julianus. He does not have any in stock and hasn't for
a couple of years now.

Vale,

CN-EQVIT-MARINVS
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51263 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (ah... Corde !! :-( )
P. Memmius Albucius A. Apollonio Cordo s.d.


I do not know, Corde, what kind of relations you have exactly with
our Praetor Tullia, which seems to me as bit... complicated, but I
feel necessary to bring a few precisions on some of your last letter
(51248+51249). In order not to bore our citizens, I will bring them
in separated posts. Here is the first precision:

>(P.S. I have taken the liberty of correcting the error I made with
>the text of the lex Equitia Galeria, so that it is now correctly
>marked as "approved by the senate". It took me about 30 seconds.
>While I am being pistol-whipped by the praetrix for making
>unauthorized changes to the tabularium, please observe that this
>simple clerical error had not already been corrected by the
>praetores or their staff even after two or three days of public
>discussion in this forum, and
>ask yourselves whether their monopoly of the tabularium is really an
>efficient way to manage public archives.)

First let me note that all your letter long, you have reproached the
praetors that a citizen be obliged to wait for weeks before being
authorized to bring a modification in the tabularium.

And you tell us here that you have corrected your wiki-insertion
error (cf. your message) in "about 30 seconds".

So, where are you right ?

Either your whole reasoning is wrong, or you tell us that you have
allowed yourself, as one of the few of the citizens who
are 'wikimagisters', to make the correction under your own authority,
with no preliminary message to the praetorian staff.

Second, did you not wonder why this modification has not yet been
made before your "veni-vidi-vici" blitzact ? Because the discussion
in our ML was precisely one of the last part of a quiet and
consensual resolution of this point.

Far away of what you have imagined, this lex Equitia Galeria
tabularium point (your wikimagister error, if I have well read you)
has been checked by Pr. Tullia's team, last July, among other
questions, as one to solve.

You then surely have read my recent post (51241 ML) which coped with
the current situation. If you re-read it, more carefully this time,
you will understand that we wished to obtain, before making any
unappropriate modification, a confirmation from the concerned
magistrates of year 2757 auc. This seemed an elementary matter of
respect.

But in a (Carthaginian, no doubt, not Roman...) 'elephant in a china
shop' act, you decided to make the modification without any
consideration of the work done, the involved time, and the answers
asked for.

You would have understood, dear Corde, that my disappointment, on
this point, is as important as what you should bring to our res
publica.

Vale,


P. Memmius Albucius
Scr. pr. Tulliae


















--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "A. Apollonius Cordus"
<a_apollonius_cordus@...> wrote:
>
> A. Apollonius omnibus sal.
>
> I noticed the discussion about the lex Equitia Galeria and the lex
constitutiva and thought I'd better check out the confusion, partly
since I was the one who originally transferred a number of the
relevant legal texts into the new website, and partly since I take a
general interest in the tabularium.
>
> There are several points to address:
>
> 1. Was the lex Equitia Galeria approved by the necessary majority
of the senate or not?
> 2. Is the lex Equitia Galeria currently in force or lapsed?
> 3. Does the amendment it made to the lex constitutiva still remain
in the current text of the lex constitutiva.
>
> My answers follow.
>
> 1. I have racked my brains, and I cannot remember any particular
reason why I, contrary to the tribunes' report (which my friend Q.
Metellus has kindly supplied) and contrary to basic arithmetic,
marked the lex as "rejected" by the senate. I can only conclude that
this was a clerical error on my part, for which I apologize. It is,
however, easily rectified.
>
> 2. The lex is no longer in force because its effect has been
completely nullified by the subsequent amendment of the lex
constitutiva made by means of the lex Equitia de constitutione
corrigenda. The latter lex Equitia enacted a complete text of the
lex constitutiva. This lex did not contain the additional text which
had been inserted by the lex Equitia Galeria. This was, no doubt, an
inadvertent oversight. However, that makes no difference. The fact
is that the populus and the senate approved the lex Equitia de
constitutione corrigenda, and thus they declared their wish that the
lex constitutiva should consist of that text and no other text. They
approved the removal of the clause inserted by the lex Equitia
Galeria. That clause can only be re-inserted by another amendment in
the usual way. Consequently the lex has no effect and has lapsed.
>
> 3. The answer which follows from answer 2 is that the sentences
added by the lex Equitia Galeria are not part of the current text of
the lex constitutiva.
>
>
> I'd like to take this opportunity to make a few more general
comments.
>
> The first is about the tabularium and its management. When we
first began to transfer the contents of the old website to the new,
wiki-based site, I took a special interest in the tabularium and
tried to put in place mechanisms and formats which would make it easy
to use. I also tried to stock it with the texts of the most recent
leges, and did in fact, I believe, manage to add all the leges which
had been passed in the previous two years. After that first push I
found I had less time to spare, but I continued to make occasional
additions and improvements (as indeed did other contributors, whose
contributions I don't wish to minimize).
>
> But soon after the beginning of this political year the new
praetores decided that they wanted exclusive control over the content
of the tabularium on the new website. Moreover, anyone who tried to
make any positive contribution to the tabularium without their
explicit prior authority was rewarded with a stern rebuke from the
praetrix.
>
> In the first six months or so of the new website, the tabularium
went from nothing at all to a fairly comprehensive and fairly easy-to-
use collection of all the legal texts of the two previous years, and
was continuing to grow and improve at the same rate. Since the
praetores took over exclusive control of it, they have begun to
implement an overhaul of the structure of the tabularium which has so
far done nothing, in my experience, except make it more difficult to
use. An example, which I hope will not be too boringly technical.
Originally all previous versions of the lex constitutiva were placed
in a 'category' called, conventiently enough, 'constitution'. In
addition, each previous version of the lex constitutiva had a box at
the top of it linking to the version before and the version after.
This made it very easy to see all the previous versions there had
been, and to compare successive versions, and to work out what order
they went in. Under
> the new regime, all versions of the lex constitutiva except the
current one were removed from the category 'constitution'. The idea,
it seems, was to replace this category with a simple list of all
previous versions. The problem was that this list had to be updated
manually, and did not (and does not now) contain even half the
previous versions of the lex constitutiva. Also, the links to
preceding and following versions were removed from the texts of the
versions themselves. The result was that there were about half a
dozen previous versions of the lex constitutiva which were on the
website but which nobody would ever find unless he already knew they
were there, and even someone who knew they were there would find it
very difficult to find them. No doubt the praetores would say that
these problems will all eventually be solved once the overhaul is
complete, but as far as I can see the overhaul has been proceeding at
an incredibly slow rate and
> we'll be luck if the tabularium is as comprehensive and user-
friendly at the end of the year as it was at the beginning.
>
> I must add that, as far as I know, no one has been adding new
senatus consulta (proposed, approved, or failed) to the website since
the praetores took over responsibility for the tabularium, and the
addition of edicta has been decidedly patchy.
>
> I do not say that the praetores and their staff have not been
working hard. I'm sure they have. But what is wonderful about the
wiki-based website is that it is so easy for anyone and everyone to
contribute to. If you have, say, ten people who take an interest in
Roman food, and each of them has an hour to spare every week, you get
ten hours of work done every week to improve the website's
information about Roman food. The same virtue formerly allowed the
interest and spare time of a significant number of people to be
harnessed in the interest of keeping the tabularium up-to-date and
filling it with old documents. But by a single stroke the praetores
have returned the tabularium - the one part of the website where
being up-to-date is most important - to the bad old days. Now no one
can contribute anything without spending several days getting
approval from the praetores, and as a result everyone who formerly
contributed, including me, has simply
> stopped bothering. Now the only people who maintain the
tabularium are the one or two people whom the praetores employ for
this purpose, and it seems they simply lack the time and energy to do
it. The praetores may think that this is a small price to pay for
protecting the tabularium from vandalism or incompetent editing, but
I can assure them that there has actually never been any serious
vandalism or incompetent editing of the tabularium, and in any case
another virtue of the wiki system is that these things are incredibly
easy to undo.
>
> I would also note that there is no historical precedent whatsoever
for the praetores having exclusive, or any, control over the contents
of the tabularium.
>
> That's all I have to say about the praetores and their custody of
the tabularium. My last point, for those who are still reading, is a
long-standing ingredient of my repertoire: the legislative system
itself. Why have we got into this muddle about whether a lex is
lapsed or not, whether it was approved by the necessary 'super-
majority' in the senate or not, whether it is part of the lex
constitutiva or not? It's not only confusing, it's totally
unnecessary. The Romans had none of these things. They did not use
leges to amend other leges. When a lex needed to be changed, it was
completely replaced with a new text. The old text could then be
completely forgotten. There was no need to perform this complicated
process of cross-referencing the amending lex with the original and
producing a composite which formed a new text. And they certainly
did not trouble themselves with having a single large legal text
which purported to define the essential
> principles of the constitution and which could only be amended
using a particularly complex legislative process involving super-
majorities and multiple ratifications by different groups of people.
All this stuff is un-Roman and unnecessary. If we legislated the way
the Romans legislated, the tabularium would be a lot smaller and a
lot simpler.
>
> Thank you for your attention.
>
> (P.S. I have taken the liberty of correcting the error I made with
the text of the lex Equitia Galeria, so that it is now correctly
marked as "approved by the senate". It took me about 30 seconds.
While I am being pistol-whipped by the praetrix for making
unauthorized changes to the tabularium, please observe that this
simple clerical error had not already been corrected by the praetores
or their staff even after two or three days of public discussion in
this forum, and ask yourselves whether their monopoly of the
tabularium is really an efficient way to manage public archives.)
>
>
>
> ___________________________________________________________
> Yahoo! Answers - Got a question? Someone out there knows the
answer. Try it
> now.
> http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51264 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (a precision to Pr. Tullia)
P. Memmius Albucius Pr. Tulliae s.d.

Just a precision on a part of your answer to Hon. Apollonius. As you
have made me the honor of quoting me in this ML, I prefer giving you
a quick answer here, so that every one may see that things are,
inside your cohors, done quickly.

If you well remember, the question that you asked us (and scribae,
and me alone ;-) to check was on a lex Iunia. You seized us on July
26th at 10:26 Rome time and... received an answer from me, after due
consultation of my collega T.Iulius Sabinus, in the same day
afternoon (16:35). This letter (in the frame of the ordinary
praetorian correspondence, as the other messages) brought you
answers, and proposals. I suggest you might report to it.

If you were to ask me now on other text alterations, I propose to ask
the assistance of all the wiki-magisters, whose skills will be useful.


Vale Praetrix,



P. Memmius Albucius


--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "A. Tullia Scholastica"
<fororom@...> wrote:

>>(AAC)But what is wonderful about the wiki-based website is that it
>>is so easy for anyone and everyone to contribute to (..snip..).

>ATS: We have addressed a problem: that of unauthorized uploading
> incorrect texts. We may have to dig deeper to find out what may
>have happened with regard to texts being altered. I have asked
>Albucius to look into this, which he said he would, but he has not
>yet reported back to me.
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51265 From: Publius Memmius Albucius Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (ah... Corde !! :-( , end )
P. Memmius Albucius A. Apollonio Cordo s.d.

I do not know, Corde, what kind of relations you have exactly with
our Praetor Tullia, which seems to me as bit... complicated, but I
feel necessary to bring a few precisions on some of your last letter
(51248+51249). In order not to bore our citizens, I will bring them
in separated posts. Here is the second group of precisions, which
will complete the answers that Pr. Tullia has already brought:

>(AAC)Moreover, anyone who tried to make any positive contribution to
>the tabularium without their explicit prior authority was rewarded
>with a stern rebuke from the praetrix.(..)

I do not know if the 'anyone' is just you, Corde, but I may tell you
that, during the last six months, Tullia's cohors has not been seized
of any such proposal and so not known any refusal.


>what is wonderful about the wiki-based website is that it
>is so easy for anyone and everyone to contribute to [the site and
specially the tabularium]


A tabularium must not, as other parts of NR web site, be open to free
access and free correction.

I have (personally) not been in favor of the choice of the wiki mode
for our whole NR site, and still think that we have more lost than
gained. The wiki just allows the magistrates concerned by a burden to
move it upon the shoulders of 'simple' citizens. It thus depreciates
both our magistracies and our whole res publica.

The wiki, with no training tool, makes furthermore *in itself* things
more complicated (pages Nova Roma and non NR, categories, links,
etc.). This situation is outside the scope and good will of the
praetors.

Added to this, in the case of a law section (tabularium), to leave a
free access is a non sense and a huge mistake.

Pr. Tullia has found a good illustration with "laws in Britain" : in
every one of our current 'macronational' states which has a
electronic law base, can any of us, citizens of this country, modify
these texts? No, obviously, not. I think this access controlled
situation is far more roman than the one you are backing up... ;-).

We thus need, for all legal texts an access-controlled tabularium,
placed under the responsibility of *one* (at best, but not 36 !)
magistrate - praetor or more historical one - who has time enough to
organize a efficient, reactive and skilled team to cope with the work
to do, in a narrow relation with all magistrates and every citizen
who would remark such or such thing to better up. Why one
magistrate ? Because it is better for every one to know who is
responsible, who chairs the teams, etc.. From the moment you put two
chief pilots in a plane, you may begin fearing for your life... ;-)

I personally think that the current praetorian action must go forward
in keeping on working with the other key powers concerned in the web
site and the tabularium : the censor-the MA-the consuls and, for a
minor part (decuria of interprets), the Senate (which could delegate
its power to the consuls, for instance, in this special case).

Last, I think, now that apparently you have more time to give to the
republic, that your skills would be more useful *in* the tabularium
team than *out*, writing long letters which take us all time to
answer to.

I have seen that Praetor Equitius has decided to appoint you and
Lucretius as scribae tabularii. As you are yet wiki-magister - one of
the important cives who may change everything in the web site - you
will surely boost there your efficiency for Nova Roma.

That is a first step who shows the care that Pr. Cato wants to bring
to the Tabularium. No doubt that he did not intend to create a second
Tabularium team, competing with Tullia's one, and that this is a
clever action which may us all group around our both praetors to give
our res publica a better work.

Vale Corde,



P. Memmius Albucius




--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "A. Apollonius Cordus"
<a_apollonius_cordus@...> wrote:
>
> A. Apollonius omnibus sal.
>
> I noticed the discussion about the lex Equitia Galeria and the lex
constitutiva and thought I'd better check out the confusion, partly
since I was the one who originally transferred a number of the
relevant legal texts into the new website, and partly since I take a
general interest in the tabularium.
>
> There are several points to address:
>
> 1. Was the lex Equitia Galeria approved by the necessary majority
of the senate or not?
> 2. Is the lex Equitia Galeria currently in force or lapsed?
> 3. Does the amendment it made to the lex constitutiva still remain
in the current text of the lex constitutiva.
>
> My answers follow.
>
> 1. I have racked my brains, and I cannot remember any particular
reason why I, contrary to the tribunes' report (which my friend Q.
Metellus has kindly supplied) and contrary to basic arithmetic,
marked the lex as "rejected" by the senate. I can only conclude that
this was a clerical error on my part, for which I apologize. It is,
however, easily rectified.
>
> 2. The lex is no longer in force because its effect has been
completely nullified by the subsequent amendment of the lex
constitutiva made by means of the lex Equitia de constitutione
corrigenda. The latter lex Equitia enacted a complete text of the
lex constitutiva. This lex did not contain the additional text which
had been inserted by the lex Equitia Galeria. This was, no doubt, an
inadvertent oversight. However, that makes no difference. The fact
is that the populus and the senate approved the lex Equitia de
constitutione corrigenda, and thus they declared their wish that the
lex constitutiva should consist of that text and no other text. They
approved the removal of the clause inserted by the lex Equitia
Galeria. That clause can only be re-inserted by another amendment in
the usual way. Consequently the lex has no effect and has lapsed.
>
> 3. The answer which follows from answer 2 is that the sentences
added by the lex Equitia Galeria are not part of the current text of
the lex constitutiva.
>
>
> I'd like to take this opportunity to make a few more general
comments.
>
> The first is about the tabularium and its management. When we
first began to transfer the contents of the old website to the new,
wiki-based site, I took a special interest in the tabularium and
tried to put in place mechanisms and formats which would make it easy
to use. I also tried to stock it with the texts of the most recent
leges, and did in fact, I believe, manage to add all the leges which
had been passed in the previous two years. After that first push I
found I had less time to spare, but I continued to make occasional
additions and improvements (as indeed did other contributors, whose
contributions I don't wish to minimize).
>
> But soon after the beginning of this political year the new
praetores decided that they wanted exclusive control over the content
of the tabularium on the new website. Moreover, anyone who tried to
make any positive contribution to the tabularium without their
explicit prior authority was rewarded with a stern rebuke from the
praetrix.
>
> In the first six months or so of the new website, the tabularium
went from nothing at all to a fairly comprehensive and fairly easy-to-
use collection of all the legal texts of the two previous years, and
was continuing to grow and improve at the same rate. Since the
praetores took over exclusive control of it, they have begun to
implement an overhaul of the structure of the tabularium which has so
far done nothing, in my experience, except make it more difficult to
use. An example, which I hope will not be too boringly technical.
Originally all previous versions of the lex constitutiva were placed
in a 'category' called, conventiently enough, 'constitution'. In
addition, each previous version of the lex constitutiva had a box at
the top of it linking to the version before and the version after.
This made it very easy to see all the previous versions there had
been, and to compare successive versions, and to work out what order
they went in. Under
> the new regime, all versions of the lex constitutiva except the
current one were removed from the category 'constitution'. The idea,
it seems, was to replace this category with a simple list of all
previous versions. The problem was that this list had to be updated
manually, and did not (and does not now) contain even half the
previous versions of the lex constitutiva. Also, the links to
preceding and following versions were removed from the texts of the
versions themselves. The result was that there were about half a
dozen previous versions of the lex constitutiva which were on the
website but which nobody would ever find unless he already knew they
were there, and even someone who knew they were there would find it
very difficult to find them. No doubt the praetores would say that
these problems will all eventually be solved once the overhaul is
complete, but as far as I can see the overhaul has been proceeding at
an incredibly slow rate and
> we'll be luck if the tabularium is as comprehensive and user-
friendly at the end of the year as it was at the beginning.
>
> I must add that, as far as I know, no one has been adding new
senatus consulta (proposed, approved, or failed) to the website since
the praetores took over responsibility for the tabularium, and the
addition of edicta has been decidedly patchy.
>
> I do not say that the praetores and their staff have not been
working hard. I'm sure they have. But what is wonderful about the
wiki-based website is that it is so easy for anyone and everyone to
contribute to. If you have, say, ten people who take an interest in
Roman food, and each of them has an hour to spare every week, you get
ten hours of work done every week to improve the website's
information about Roman food. The same virtue formerly allowed the
interest and spare time of a significant number of people to be
harnessed in the interest of keeping the tabularium up-to-date and
filling it with old documents. But by a single stroke the praetores
have returned the tabularium - the one part of the website where
being up-to-date is most important - to the bad old days. Now no one
can contribute anything without spending several days getting
approval from the praetores, and as a result everyone who formerly
contributed, including me, has simply
> stopped bothering. Now the only people who maintain the
tabularium are the one or two people whom the praetores employ for
this purpose, and it seems they simply lack the time and energy to do
it. The praetores may think that this is a small price to pay for
protecting the tabularium from vandalism or incompetent editing, but
I can assure them that there has actually never been any serious
vandalism or incompetent editing of the tabularium, and in any case
another virtue of the wiki system is that these things are incredibly
easy to undo.
>
> I would also note that there is no historical precedent whatsoever
for the praetores having exclusive, or any, control over the contents
of the tabularium.
>
> That's all I have to say about the praetores and their custody of
the tabularium. My last point, for those who are still reading, is a
long-standing ingredient of my repertoire: the legislative system
itself. Why have we got into this muddle about whether a lex is
lapsed or not, whether it was approved by the necessary 'super-
majority' in the senate or not, whether it is part of the lex
constitutiva or not? It's not only confusing, it's totally
unnecessary. The Romans had none of these things. They did not use
leges to amend other leges. When a lex needed to be changed, it was
completely replaced with a new text. The old text could then be
completely forgotten. There was no need to perform this complicated
process of cross-referencing the amending lex with the original and
producing a composite which formed a new text. And they certainly
did not trouble themselves with having a single large legal text
which purported to define the essential
> principles of the constitution and which could only be amended
using a particularly complex legislative process involving super-
majorities and multiple ratifications by different groups of people.
All this stuff is un-Roman and unnecessary. If we legislated the way
the Romans legislated, the tabularium would be a lot smaller and a
lot simpler.
>
> Thank you for your attention.
>
> (P.S. I have taken the liberty of correcting the error I made with
the text of the lex Equitia Galeria, so that it is now correctly
marked as "approved by the senate". It took me about 30 seconds.
While I am being pistol-whipped by the praetrix for making
unauthorized changes to the tabularium, please observe that this
simple clerical error had not already been corrected by the praetores
or their staff even after two or three days of public discussion in
this forum, and ask yourselves whether their monopoly of the
tabularium is really an efficient way to manage public archives.)
>
>
>
> ___________________________________________________________
> Yahoo! Answers - Got a question? Someone out there knows the
answer. Try it
> now.
> http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51266 From: dave bustillos Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: And Again Flag
Salve G. Equiti Marine,

( Hope I got the Latin Name Right)


Thank You. I remember they looked good. I really would like to get a 3" X 5" on for the Car window. but I am no good at making stuff like that. It would be Excellent deal to get the flags and other items up for sell again.

Optime Vale!



Gnaeus Equitius Marinus <gawne@...> wrote:
Salve Luci Curti,

Lucius Curtius writes:

[about flags]
> I remember a few years back we could buy one Styled like the
> Legios, My question is does any one remember who use to sell them?

Marcus Cassius Julianus. He does not have any in stock and hasn't for
a couple of years now.

Vale,

CN-EQVIT-MARINVS





Luci Curti Paullo
Sodalus Palatinus
Citizen of Nova Roma
America Austroccidentalis

---------------------------------
Building a website is a piece of cake.
Yahoo! Small Business gives you all the tools to get online.

[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51267 From: Maior Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: Re: 60 days clause (ah... Corde !! :-( )
M. Hortensia P. Memmio spd;
dear Albuci, I'm a frequent wiki-contributor for the Religio,
reading lists that sort of thing & had lots of useful help from the
wikimagistri, being such a novice:)

Now they explained to me that the NRwiki keeps copies of the webpage
before you change it; so nothing is lost.

So why then must the Tabularium be locked down? If there is some
desperado-vandal:) his or her name will appear on his/her changes &
that person can be barred & the old page returned with a simple
click.

The greatness of the NRwiki is that it engages all Nova Romans, we
all can work on it. If the Tabularium were freely open we'd have had
all the Senate Consulta catalogued. This surely is good for the res
publica.
optime vale amice
M. Hortensia Maior

> P. Memmius Albucius A. Apollonio Cordo s.d.
>
>
> I do not know, Corde, what kind of relations you have exactly with
> our Praetor Tullia, which seems to me as bit... complicated, but I
> feel necessary to bring a few precisions on some of your last
letter
> (51248+51249). In order not to bore our citizens, I will bring
them
> in separated posts. Here is the first precision:
>
> >(P.S. I have taken the liberty of correcting the error I made
with
> >the text of the lex Equitia Galeria, so that it is now correctly
> >marked as "approved by the senate". It took me about 30 seconds.
> >While I am being pistol-whipped by the praetrix for making
> >unauthorized changes to the tabularium, please observe that this
> >simple clerical error had not already been corrected by the
> >praetores or their staff even after two or three days of public
> >discussion in this forum, and
> >ask yourselves whether their monopoly of the tabularium is really
an
> >efficient way to manage public archives.)
>
> First let me note that all your letter long, you have reproached
the
> praetors that a citizen be obliged to wait for weeks before being
> authorized to bring a modification in the tabularium.
>
> And you tell us here that you have corrected your wiki-insertion
> error (cf. your message) in "about 30 seconds".
>
> So, where are you right ?
>
> Either your whole reasoning is wrong, or you tell us that you have
> allowed yourself, as one of the few of the citizens who
> are 'wikimagisters', to make the correction under your own
authority,
> with no preliminary message to the praetorian staff.
>
> Second, did you not wonder why this modification has not yet been
> made before your "veni-vidi-vici" blitzact ? Because the
discussion
> in our ML was precisely one of the last part of a quiet and
> consensual resolution of this point.
>
> Far away of what you have imagined, this lex Equitia Galeria
> tabularium point (your wikimagister error, if I have well read
you)
> has been checked by Pr. Tullia's team, last July, among other
> questions, as one to solve.
>
> You then surely have read my recent post (51241 ML) which coped
with
> the current situation. If you re-read it, more carefully this
time,
> you will understand that we wished to obtain, before making any
> unappropriate modification, a confirmation from the concerned
> magistrates of year 2757 auc. This seemed an elementary matter of
> respect.
>
> But in a (Carthaginian, no doubt, not Roman...) 'elephant in a
china
> shop' act, you decided to make the modification without any
> consideration of the work done, the involved time, and the answers
> asked for.
>
> You would have understood, dear Corde, that my disappointment, on
> this point, is as important as what you should bring to our res
> publica.
>
> Vale,
>
>
> P. Memmius Albucius
> Scr. pr. Tulliae
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "A. Apollonius Cordus"
> <a_apollonius_cordus@> wrote:
> >
> > A. Apollonius omnibus sal.
> >
> > I noticed the discussion about the lex Equitia Galeria and the
lex
> constitutiva and thought I'd better check out the confusion,
partly
> since I was the one who originally transferred a number of the
> relevant legal texts into the new website, and partly since I take
a
> general interest in the tabularium.
> >
> > There are several points to address:
> >
> > 1. Was the lex Equitia Galeria approved by the necessary
majority
> of the senate or not?
> > 2. Is the lex Equitia Galeria currently in force or lapsed?
> > 3. Does the amendment it made to the lex constitutiva still
remain
> in the current text of the lex constitutiva.
> >
> > My answers follow.
> >
> > 1. I have racked my brains, and I cannot remember any
particular
> reason why I, contrary to the tribunes' report (which my friend Q.
> Metellus has kindly supplied) and contrary to basic arithmetic,
> marked the lex as "rejected" by the senate. I can only conclude
that
> this was a clerical error on my part, for which I apologize. It
is,
> however, easily rectified.
> >
> > 2. The lex is no longer in force because its effect has been
> completely nullified by the subsequent amendment of the lex
> constitutiva made by means of the lex Equitia de constitutione
> corrigenda. The latter lex Equitia enacted a complete text of the
> lex constitutiva. This lex did not contain the additional text
which
> had been inserted by the lex Equitia Galeria. This was, no doubt,
an
> inadvertent oversight. However, that makes no difference. The
fact
> is that the populus and the senate approved the lex Equitia de
> constitutione corrigenda, and thus they declared their wish that
the
> lex constitutiva should consist of that text and no other text.
They
> approved the removal of the clause inserted by the lex Equitia
> Galeria. That clause can only be re-inserted by another amendment
in
> the usual way. Consequently the lex has no effect and has lapsed.
> >
> > 3. The answer which follows from answer 2 is that the sentences
> added by the lex Equitia Galeria are not part of the current text
of
> the lex constitutiva.
> >
> >
> > I'd like to take this opportunity to make a few more general
> comments.
> >
> > The first is about the tabularium and its management. When we
> first began to transfer the contents of the old website to the
new,
> wiki-based site, I took a special interest in the tabularium and
> tried to put in place mechanisms and formats which would make it
easy
> to use. I also tried to stock it with the texts of the most
recent
> leges, and did in fact, I believe, manage to add all the leges
which
> had been passed in the previous two years. After that first push
I
> found I had less time to spare, but I continued to make occasional
> additions and improvements (as indeed did other contributors,
whose
> contributions I don't wish to minimize).
> >
> > But soon after the beginning of this political year the new
> praetores decided that they wanted exclusive control over the
content
> of the tabularium on the new website. Moreover, anyone who tried
to
> make any positive contribution to the tabularium without their
> explicit prior authority was rewarded with a stern rebuke from the
> praetrix.
> >
> > In the first six months or so of the new website, the tabularium
> went from nothing at all to a fairly comprehensive and fairly easy-
to-
> use collection of all the legal texts of the two previous years,
and
> was continuing to grow and improve at the same rate. Since the
> praetores took over exclusive control of it, they have begun to
> implement an overhaul of the structure of the tabularium which has
so
> far done nothing, in my experience, except make it more difficult
to
> use. An example, which I hope will not be too boringly
technical.
> Originally all previous versions of the lex constitutiva were
placed
> in a 'category' called, conventiently enough, 'constitution'. In
> addition, each previous version of the lex constitutiva had a box
at
> the top of it linking to the version before and the version
after.
> This made it very easy to see all the previous versions there had
> been, and to compare successive versions, and to work out what
order
> they went in. Under
> > the new regime, all versions of the lex constitutiva except the
> current one were removed from the category 'constitution'. The
idea,
> it seems, was to replace this category with a simple list of all
> previous versions. The problem was that this list had to be
updated
> manually, and did not (and does not now) contain even half the
> previous versions of the lex constitutiva. Also, the links to
> preceding and following versions were removed from the texts of
the
> versions themselves. The result was that there were about half a
> dozen previous versions of the lex constitutiva which were on the
> website but which nobody would ever find unless he already knew
they
> were there, and even someone who knew they were there would find
it
> very difficult to find them. No doubt the praetores would say
that
> these problems will all eventually be solved once the overhaul is
> complete, but as far as I can see the overhaul has been proceeding
at
> an incredibly slow rate and
> > we'll be luck if the tabularium is as comprehensive and user-
> friendly at the end of the year as it was at the beginning.
> >
> > I must add that, as far as I know, no one has been adding new
> senatus consulta (proposed, approved, or failed) to the website
since
> the praetores took over responsibility for the tabularium, and the
> addition of edicta has been decidedly patchy.
> >
> > I do not say that the praetores and their staff have not been
> working hard. I'm sure they have. But what is wonderful about
the
> wiki-based website is that it is so easy for anyone and everyone
to
> contribute to. If you have, say, ten people who take an interest
in
> Roman food, and each of them has an hour to spare every week, you
get
> ten hours of work done every week to improve the website's
> information about Roman food. The same virtue formerly allowed
the
> interest and spare time of a significant number of people to be
> harnessed in the interest of keeping the tabularium up-to-date and
> filling it with old documents. But by a single stroke the
praetores
> have returned the tabularium - the one part of the website where
> being up-to-date is most important - to the bad old days. Now no
one
> can contribute anything without spending several days getting
> approval from the praetores, and as a result everyone who formerly
> contributed, including me, has simply
> > stopped bothering. Now the only people who maintain the
> tabularium are the one or two people whom the praetores employ for
> this purpose, and it seems they simply lack the time and energy to
do
> it. The praetores may think that this is a small price to pay for
> protecting the tabularium from vandalism or incompetent editing,
but
> I can assure them that there has actually never been any serious
> vandalism or incompetent editing of the tabularium, and in any
case
> another virtue of the wiki system is that these things are
incredibly
> easy to undo.
> >
> > I would also note that there is no historical precedent
whatsoever
> for the praetores having exclusive, or any, control over the
contents
> of the tabularium.
> >
> > That's all I have to say about the praetores and their custody
of
> the tabularium. My last point, for those who are still reading,
is a
> long-standing ingredient of my repertoire: the legislative system
> itself. Why have we got into this muddle about whether a lex is
> lapsed or not, whether it was approved by the necessary 'super-
> majority' in the senate or not, whether it is part of the lex
> constitutiva or not? It's not only confusing, it's totally
> unnecessary. The Romans had none of these things. They did not
use
> leges to amend other leges. When a lex needed to be changed, it
was
> completely replaced with a new text. The old text could then be
> completely forgotten. There was no need to perform this
complicated
> process of cross-referencing the amending lex with the original
and
> producing a composite which formed a new text. And they certainly
> did not trouble themselves with having a single large legal text
> which purported to define the essential
> > principles of the constitution and which could only be amended
> using a particularly complex legislative process involving super-
> majorities and multiple ratifications by different groups of
people.
> All this stuff is un-Roman and unnecessary. If we legislated the
way
> the Romans legislated, the tabularium would be a lot smaller and a
> lot simpler.
> >
> > Thank you for your attention.
> >
> > (P.S. I have taken the liberty of correcting the error I made
with
> the text of the lex Equitia Galeria, so that it is now correctly
> marked as "approved by the senate". It took me about 30 seconds.
> While I am being pistol-whipped by the praetrix for making
> unauthorized changes to the tabularium, please observe that this
> simple clerical error had not already been corrected by the
praetores
> or their staff even after two or three days of public discussion
in
> this forum, and ask yourselves whether their monopoly of the
> tabularium is really an efficient way to manage public archives.)
> >
> >
> >
> > ___________________________________________________________
> > Yahoo! Answers - Got a question? Someone out there knows the
> answer. Try it
> > now.
> > http://uk.answers.yahoo.com/
> >
>
Group: Nova-Roma Message: 51268 From: Gaius Equitius Cato Date: 2007-08-23
Subject: a.d. X Kal. Sept.
OSD C. Equitius Cato

Salvete omnes!

Hodie est ante diem X Kalendas Septembris; haec dies nefastus publicus
est.

"Holy Vulcan, foremost of this place, to You we pray. Grant peace to
the exhausted fire brigades and to those who service the fountains. If
none are harmed so very much, if the flames You permit to assault only
a few deplorable souls, Holy One, then at each of your altars they
will sing your praises, three times, three times they will pour
libations and make thick with incense Your altar fires piled high with
fruitful boughs." - Grattius, Cynegetica 437-42

"Sing, clear-voiced Mousa, of Hephaistos Klytometis (famed for
inventions). With bright-eyed Athene he taught men glorious crafts
throughout the world, - men who before used to dwell caves in the
mountains like wild beasts. But now that they have learned crafts
through Hephaistos Klytotekhnes (the famed worker), easily they live a
peaceful life in their own houses the whole year round. Be gracious,
Hephaistos, and grant me success and prosperity!" - Homeric Hymn 20 to
Hephaestus

"Hephaistos himself had gone early to his forge and anvils in a vast
cavern on a floating island, where he used to turn out all kinds of
curious metalwork with the aid of fire and bellows." - Apollonius
Rhodius, Argonautica 3.36

"She found him [Hephaistos] sweating as he turned here and there to
his bellows busily, since he was working on twenty tripods ...
Hephaistos took the huge blower off from the block of the anvil
limping; and yet his shrunken legs moved lightly beneath him. He set
the bellows away from the fire, and gathered and put away all the
tools with which he worked in a silver strongbox. Then with a sponge
he wiped clean his forehead, and both hands, and his massive neck and
hairy chest, and put on a tunic, and took up a heavy stick in his
hand, and went to the doorway limping. And in support of their master
moved his attendants. These are golden, and in appearance like living
young women. There is intelligence in their hearts, and there is
speech in them and strength, and from the immortal gods they have
learned how to do things. These stirred nimbly in support of their
master." - Homer, Iliad 18.136

Today is the beginning of the three-day celebration of the Vulcanalia,
dedicated to Vulcan, the god of smiths, fire, volcanoes and
metalworking; he is the armorer of the gods. He is the son of
Iuppiter and Iuno, and married to Venus and Maia.

"Set foot in Sikelia (Sicily), put your prayer, if you please, to the
Kyklopes standing by their forge. They are in the secrets of
Hephaistos the master craftsman, they can rival his clever work." -
Nonnus, Dionysiaca 29.348

His smithy was believed to be situated underneath Mount Aetna in
Sicily. Today, fish caught from the Tiber near the Temple of Vulcan
and small animals were thrown into a fire, and herds of animals were
blessed by driving them over fires. The Good Works of Hora, wife of
Quirinus, were celebrated at his temple on the Quirinal Hill of Rome,
and the flamen Portunalis anointed the arms of the god Quirinus.
Vulcan's oldest shrine in Rome, called the "Volcanal", was situated in
the Forum Romanum, and dated back to the archaic Roman Kingdom. It was
the view of the Etruscan haruspices that a temple of Vulcan should be
located outside the city, and the Volcanal may originally have been on
or outside the city limits before they expanded to include the
Capitoline Hill. Vulcan also had a temple on the Campus Martius, which
was in existence by 214 BC.

The Romans identified Vulcan with the Greek smith-god Hephaestus, and
he became associated like his Greek counterpart with the constructive
use of fire in metalworking. A fragment of a Greek pot showing
Hephaestus found at the Volcanal has been dated to the 6th century BC,
suggesting that the two gods were already associated at this date.
However, Vulcan had a stronger association than Hephaestus with fire's
destructive capacity, and a major concern of his worshippers was to
encourage the god to avert harmful fires. His festival, the
Vulcanalia, was celebrated on August 23 each year, when the summer
heat placed crops and granaries most at risk of burning. During the
festival bonfires were created in honour of the god, into which live
fish or small animals were thrown as a sacrifice, to be consumed in
the place of humans. Vulcan was among the gods placated after the
Great Fire of Rome in AD 64. In response to the same fire, Domitian
(AD 81–96) established a new altar to Vulcan on the Quirinal Hill. At
the same time a red bull-calf and red boar were added to the
sacrifices made on the Vulcanalia, at least in that region of the city.

Valete bene!

Cato



SOURCES

Grattius, Wikipedia, Homer, Apollonius Rhodius, Nonnus