Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67197 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Talking Point: Merely an interpretation |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67198 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67199 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS CONGRATULATIONS - Aquila is hereb |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67200 |
From: M.C.C. |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67201 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67202 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67203 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Plastic Dice |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67204 |
From: Charlie Collins |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67205 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67206 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67207 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67208 |
From: fpasquinus@ymail.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: I also want to be fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67209 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67210 |
From: fpasquinus@ymail.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is hereby fined. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67211 |
From: fpasquinus@ymail.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67212 |
From: marcushoratius |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: a. d. XIV Kalendas Quinctilias: The Great Fire of Rome |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67213 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is hereby fined. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67214 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67215 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67216 |
From: fpasquinus@ymail.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is hereby fined. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67217 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67218 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67219 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67220 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67221 |
From: Charlie Collins |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67222 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: The Will of the People |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67223 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67224 |
From: Steve Moore |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS CONGRATULATIONS - Aquila is her |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67225 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS CONGRATULATIONS - Aquila is her |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67226 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS CONGRATULATIONS - Aquila is hereb |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67227 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS CONGRATULATIONS |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67228 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS CONGRATULATIONS - Aquila is her |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67229 |
From: Vestinia, called Vesta |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: THURSDAY -- a. d. XIV Kalendas Quinctilias: The Great Fire of Rome |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67230 |
From: Vestinia, called Vesta |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: THURSDAY -- a. d. XIV Kalendas Quinctilias: The Great Fire of Ro |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67231 |
From: Robert Levee |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Congradulations! |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67232 |
From: Titus Iulius Sabinus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Fines. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67233 |
From: fpasquinus@ymail.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: The Will of the People |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67234 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Congradulations! |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67235 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67236 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67237 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Congradulations! |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67238 |
From: Titus Iulius Sabinus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67239 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: The Will of the People |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67240 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: The Will of the People |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67241 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Fines. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67242 |
From: Jesse Corradino |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67243 |
From: Maior |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67244 |
From: Maior |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67245 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67246 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio - Agreement of Fl. Galerius Aurelianus Tribunus Pleb |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67247 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67248 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67249 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67250 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67251 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67252 |
From: Jesse Corradino |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67253 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Intercessio - Agreement of Fl. Galerius Aurelianus T |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67254 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67255 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67256 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67257 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67258 |
From: n_apollonius_quadratus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67259 |
From: n_apollonius_quadratus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67260 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67261 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67262 |
From: n_apollonius_quadratus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67263 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67264 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67265 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67266 |
From: Q. Valerius Poplicola |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67267 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67268 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67269 |
From: n_apollonius_quadratus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67270 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67271 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67272 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67273 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67274 |
From: n_apollonius_quadratus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67275 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is hereby fined. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67276 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67277 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67278 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67279 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67280 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67281 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is hereby fined. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67282 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Congradulations! |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67283 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio - Agreement of Fl. Galerius Aurelianus Tribunus Pleb |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67284 |
From: Titus Flavius Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: AW: [Nova-Roma] AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67285 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Congradulations! |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67286 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67287 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus is hereby fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67288 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67289 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67290 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67291 |
From: n_apollonius_quadratus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: REQUEST FOR TRIBUNICIAN INTERCESSIO |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67292 |
From: Q. Valerius Poplicola |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Congradulations! |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67293 |
From: Jesse Corradino |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67294 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67295 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67296 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67297 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67298 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67299 |
From: QFabiusMaxmi@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67300 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67301 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67302 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67303 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67304 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67305 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Welcome to Nova Roma fpasquinus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67306 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Welcome to Nova Roma fpasquinus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67307 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67308 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67309 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67310 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67311 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67312 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67313 |
From: Timothy or Stephen Gallagher |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: A new election for Censor must be called. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67314 |
From: David Kling |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: A new election for Censor must be called. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67315 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67316 |
From: Robert Levee |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Vacating the office of flamen Cerialis |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67317 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67318 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: A new election for Censor must be called. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67319 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: A new election for Censor must be called. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67320 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67321 |
From: A. Tullia Scholastica |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Plastic Dice |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67322 |
From: PADRUIGTHEUNCLE@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: AW: AW: [NovaRoma-Announce] Intercessio Aurelianus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67323 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67324 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67325 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67326 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67327 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: REQUEST FOR TRIBUNICIAN INTERCESSIO |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67328 |
From: M.C.C. |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: The people of Nova Roma have chosen his Censor (was Re: [Nova-Roma |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67329 |
From: iulius sabinus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67330 |
From: L Julia Aquila |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Classic Poetry, Prose, Proems, Literature Excerpts |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67331 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67332 |
From: Maior |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: The people of Nova Roma have chosen his Censor (was Re: [Nova-Roma |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67333 |
From: fpasquinus@ymail.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Welcome to Nova Roma fpasquinus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67334 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67335 |
From: Q. Valerius Poplicola |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67336 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67337 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Welcome to Nova Roma fpasquinus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67338 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67339 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Welcome to Nova Roma fpasquinus |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67340 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67341 |
From: M•IVL• SEVERVS |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: The people of Nova Roma have chosen his Censor (was Re: [Nova-Ro |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67342 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: The people of Nova Roma have chosen his Censor (was Re: [Nova-Roma |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67343 |
From: Robert Woolwine |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67344 |
From: Publius Ullerius Stephanus Venator |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Venator - Sabbatical |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67345 |
From: Publius Ullerius Stephanus Venator |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Venator - Sabbatical |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67346 |
From: Publius Ullerius Stephanus Venator |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Venator - Sabbatical |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67347 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67348 |
From: Jesse Corradino |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67349 |
From: Maior |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67350 |
From: Timothy or Stephen Gallagher |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: A new election for Censor must beheld |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67351 |
From: Publius Ullerius Stephanus Venator |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Boy the mess I think we all got into... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67352 |
From: lathyrus77 |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: A new election for Censor must beheld |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67353 |
From: Jennifer Harris |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67354 |
From: livia_plauta |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67355 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67356 |
From: livia_plauta |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: I also want to be fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67357 |
From: Maior |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: what's happening with the U.S. Conventus? |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67358 |
From: Lucius Coruncanius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Intercessio |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67359 |
From: Vestinia, called Vesta |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: An old adage, which applies |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67360 |
From: Jennifer Harris |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: I also want to be fined |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67361 |
From: M.C.C. |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Modianus was elected Censor by the people |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67362 |
From: A. Tullia Scholastica |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Classic Poetry, Prose, Proems, Literature Excerpts |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67363 |
From: Bruno Cantermi |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: ELECTIONS FOR CENSOR SUFFECTUS - Complutensis is herebyfined. |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67364 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus was elected Censor by the people |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67365 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus was elected Censor by the people |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67366 |
From: n_apollonius_quadratus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Well my understanding... |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67367 |
From: QFabiusMaxmi@aol.com |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus was elected Censor by the people |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67368 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: PS "Constitution" Re: [Nova-Roma] Modianus was elected Censor by the |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67369 |
From: gaius_pompeius_marcellus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Congratulations |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67370 |
From: A. Sempronius Regulus |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus was elected Censor by the people |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67371 |
From: Gaius Equitius Cato |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Greek and Roman Household worship |
|
Group: Nova-Roma |
Message: 67372 |
From: Kirsteen Wright |
Date: 2009-06-18 |
Subject: Re: Modianus was elected Censor by the people |
|
N. Apollonius Quadratus L. Plauta Salutem plurimam dicit.
Si vales, bene est, ego valeo.
Even if it was well researched, it was well researched in haste. I am afraid I may have misinterpreted some leges or not. I don't know. As such I am going to take the time I have off from work today to do some serious Nova Roma homework. I am glad your heart was filled by my post. I hope the coals of Nova Roma may burn brightly for all the world to see one day. The goal of Macronational sovereignty should be in the hearts of all Nova Romans. Realistic or not, we are a people and a very grand people. As the technological age progresses further, our opportunity to grow stronger and expand is coming. After all Rome must expand or die. The idea of becoming a sovereign nation is just around the bend. The hill is just before us and if we walk over it we will see that beautiful valley of our hopes and destiny. But a dark storm cloud of dissent and chaos wishes to put a large schism between Nova Roma and her fertile valley. My concern is I don't know where the schism is. Is the schism Modianus, or is it the hushed yet openly talked about political power plays? Or is it the rampant cry of Senator Lucius Sulla's "minions" doing his beck and call? I just don't know, and the convoluted mess of this place does not make it easier for me to gather the facts. So slowly I dredge on in the hopes of remaining vigilant in my efforts to see the beauty of Nova Roma maintained.
Next stop, Barnes and Nobles to pick up a lawyer's dictionary.
Vale
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "livia_plauta" <livia.plauta@...> wrote:
>
> L. Livia Plauta Apollonio Quadrato S.P.D.
>
> What a wonderfully well-researched post!
>
> It really lifts my spirit to see that, even in the worst moment for Nova Roma non only we have new citizens applying all the time, but we have people whose civic sense is such that, far from being scared of what is happening, they feel it their duty to contribute to the well-being of the Republic.
>
> Apolloni, I wish everybody else had your guts and your analytic capabilities!
>
> Optime vale,
> Livia
>
>
> >
> > Omnibus Salvete,
> > I am a brand spanking new citizen to the glorious Nova Roma. My heart is Roman, and my gene pool is Polish, with some Roman in there. Whew, and I jump into the middle of this excitement, eh? Well let me just say I will not allow the glory of Rome, or my beloved Nova Roma to be dragged in the mud. So before I opened the big gaping hole that is my face, I wanted to learn a little more about the situation and then take a side.
> >
> > My first contention: I can't seem to figure out if the current Censor (congradulations) is an illegal vote. Seeing as how the majority did in deed vote for him, and there didn't seem to be any such problems before, I am inclined to believe this was a valid vote. Now, this is my murkiest portion of my looking abouts, and I need some inside information regarding the history of the people who were running for office.
> >
> > My second contention: This was quoted from the constitution by the honorable Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, citizen and Senator of Nova Roma: "While it shall be called to order by either a consul or a praetor, only the comitia centuriata shall pass laws governing the rules by which it shall operate internally." This is true. In the letter of the Law, the Comitia Centuriata are the only people who can make laws that govern themselves. But this is not a situation regarding only the Comitia Centuriata but instead all of Nova Roma as if a law was to be passed in the first place. As from my understanding from information given by Senator Lucius Sulla, there is not enough evidence to say a new law was attempted to be enacted upon. Disregarding that, let us suppose a law was beginning to form. I would like to quote the current constitution regarding the Consuls' powers: "Consul. Two consuls shall be elected annually by the comitia centuriata to serve a term lasting one year. They shall have the following honors, powers, and obligations:
> >
> > a. To hold Imperium and have the honor of being preceded by twelve lictors;
> > b. To issue those edicta (edicts) necessary to engage in those tasks which advance the mission and function of Nova Roma (such edicts being binding upon themselves as well as others)"
> >
> > Now the Imperium is pretty much the executive branch. They are given the power, and I quote, "to do what he considers to be in the best interests of the state." To move the elections along and maintain the peace amongst the people of Nova Roma, the Consuls consulted the Pontifex Maximus. I would like to point out, consulted. Neither was the Pontifex Maximus given authority over the dealings, nor was the Pontifex Maximus directly declaring what course of action was to be done. The second power of interest is the edicta. This was what I got after some digging: "I. Pursuant to section IV.A.8 of the Constitution, which allows the Vigintisexviri to be defined and assigned functions by law, it is recognized that it is constitutional and lawful to assign to these magistrates those powers that are reasonable and necessary to perform those functions.
> >
> > II. Therefore, the Vigintisexviri are hereby given the power to issue edicta, subject to the following restrictions.
> >
> > A. Edicta issued by a member of the Vigintisexviri shall reasonably and demonstrably fall under the purview of the specific functions assigned to that member of the Vigintisexviri by law.
> > B. All edicta issued by a member of the Vigintisexviri shall be subject in all ways to the laws that regulate edicta issued by other magistrates.
> > C. Members of the Vigintisexviri are advised that not all actions they take must be announced by edicta. It is strongly suggested that the use of edicta be restricted to those actions that require some force of law, such as long-term policies."
> >
> > Now if I am reading this correctly, then any Edicta pronounced by the Consul regarding the Comitia Centuriata will be binding upon them so long as it follows with previous edicta (just like Presidential Orders) and coincides with the existing laws and their nature. So to paraphrase if the edicta is similar in scope to the functions of the office it is affecting it is legal and the Magistrate declaring Edicta is also bound by it. The last part is Edicta should be restricted to those actions that require some force of law, such as long-term policies. So if I understand this correctly, the power of Edicta was not enacted upon, as such no change in policy was established, nor law effecting the Comitia Centuriata. All that was done was a recount was requested in order to finalize the tie break and end the question of who will become the next Censor. Since this was a "once in a blue moon" situation no Edicta was declared as a future mishap is not expected. Now while I can see the above quote does not say Consul in there, Edicta was in there and as far as I could tell that was the definition of Edicta, and seems rather apt.
> >
> > My Third Contention: I must humbly disagree with you, Senator Lucius Sulla in regards to Imperium. I would like to present my evidence. "Magistrates are the elected and appointed officials responsible for the maintenance and conduct of the affairs of state." Since Consuls are Magistrates they are the officials of the Comitia Centuriata not the other way around. As such this also applys to the Consul and their power: "1. POTESTAS
> >
> > In Nova Roma, we understand potestas as:
> >
> > A. Ius coercendi minor, the power to compel obedience in the name of the state, within the duties of the magistrate.
> > B. Ius edicendi, the power to issue edicts and nominate scribes.
> > C. Partial iurisdictio, the power to interpret the law within the duties of the magistrate holding the Potestas.
> > D. Ius contionis habendae, the power to hold a contio, including a question in a Comitia already called by a magistrate. The question must be included by the magistrate who called the comitia under the official authority of the magistrate holding the ius contionis habendae.
> >
> > 2. IMPERIUM
> >
> > In Nova Roma, we understand Imperium as:
> >
> > A. Having all the rights of potestas, as described above.
> > B. Ius agendi cum populo, calling the People to vote in any of their legislative Comitia.
> > C. Ius agendi cum senatu, calling to Senate to vote or placing a proposed senatus consultum on the Senate agenda.
> > D. Ius coercendi maior, the power to compel obedience using major force, on all Nova Roma subjects. In Nova Roma, this explicitly excludes physical force, and includes the force of law.
> > E. Full iurisdictio, the power to interpret the law, on all levels on all Nova Roma subjects." So it is with that I must contend your idea that Imperium does indeed grant the Consul the power to dictate within law the fuctions the Comitia can or cannot preform. This isn't to say checks and balances are not in place, as clearly the Censors have a higher Imperium then the Consuls and I'm sure the Comitia has passed legislation regarding impeachments. The point is, if the Consul was proposing a new law, it was well within his power to do so, and your argument that it was not within his right is incorrect. As he said he gathered with the other Consuls and such I am led to believe he enacted Ius Contionis Habendae. Since this was seen to be well within the Comitia's power to solve via a rethrow the Consul called an Edicta for a rethrow. Again all within the legal power of the Consul. More specifically since an Edicta was not officially declared, the power of Imperium to force compliance within the state was enacted. Once again within the legal right of the Consul to do such. If this was such a heinous act, the Censors could have declared Edicta to overide the Consul's decission, even the Praetors could have called a vote within the Comitia to decide what legislation was to be done regarding the throw. An immediate vote would have been done and the problem would have been solved. Since no such act was done, I am inclined to believe this was not a detriment to the future of Nova Roma and did not break the right of Imperium to do what is right for the further advancement of Nova Roma.
> >
> > My Fourth Contention: The rights of the Comitia Centuriata was not infringed upon by the Consuls' decision to invalidate the tie break. The part you have repeatedly quoted, Honorable Senator Lucius Sulla: "B. The Comitia Centuriata (Assembly of Centuries) shall be made up of all of the citizens, grouped into their respective centuries. While it shall be called to order by either a consul or a praetor, only the comitia centuriata shall pass laws governing the rules by which it shall operate internally. It shall have the following powers:
> >
> > 1. To enact laws binding upon the entire citizenry;
> > 2. To elect the consuls, praetors, and censors;
> > 3. To try legal cases in which the defendant is subject to permanent removal of citizenship." Regretfully I see no part in here where it mentions the Comitia Centuriata shall interpret the law or the result of fulfilling the law. The duty of that is saved for those with Imperium. Since the intercessio was called against the LEGALLY appointed Censor, the Consuls have to interpret the law regarding this. To move the affairs of the state sooner they invalidated the tie break and held another lot regarding the outcome of the election. This does not create a new law, it washes the old results and starts from scratch. A new law would be, this tie is invalidated because such and such occurs and shall be remedied via recasting of the lots with a different medium. Realistically this invalidation was mostly just to quiet the nitpickers, in my humble opinion. A new law is voted upon and established so on and so on. Via Imperium and the Edicta the Consuls exercised their constitutional right to move these elections on. There is no new law established, no new law proposed, no new edicta declared, only the power of Imperium moving the State from stagnation to movement once more.
> >
> > My Fifth Contention: As the Consuls only asked advice from the Pontifex Maximus and not fully declare the Pontifex Maximus' thoughts as a decree, the rest of the intercessio against the Consuls is a moot point as I see they still used the plastic dice once more, and disregarded the Pontifex Maximus' idea of "natural" items. Of which those items were metal and bone.
> >
> > I must say I am rather troubled by these turn of events. More poignantly yours Senator Lucius Sulla. I cam across this "Senate Call November 16, 2759 (2006)" and still have yet to find where this is no longer valid. As such I must point out these facts.
> >
> > "A Senator shall support and defend the Constitution of Nova Roma against all enemies both from without and from within." Since my researched has shown that you are actually reading into the Constitution only where you see fit to read, I am inclined to believe you are not following this idea. Especially in that a senator does not have Imperium.
> >
> > "2. Whenever dealing with citizens or others who know him to be a Senator of Nova Roma, a Nova Roman Senator shall always act in the best interest of the Republic of Nova Roma, honoring the Gods and Goddesses of Rome, defending the Religio Romano as the national religion of Nova Roma, adhering to the Virtues, and never acting in such a way as to bring disgrace upon the Religio or threaten it's status as the national religion." By your actions you have caused two of the eldest members to rescind their membership to Nova Roma. You have threatened Macronational lawsuit should things occur differently, there is no mistake this is strong arming and black mail. Twice the honorable Censor K. Modianus was elected Censor via the lot, twice the Gods had decreed this to be so. Your intercessio is a clear declaration of your disaproval of the will of the Gods. Not only that but your "rant" regarding the molecular structure of plastic dice is not only trite but insulting. I do not claim to be a priest, nor of the right order to comment on such things. So I will have to yield this to personal opinion. A list of the Virtues I find you derelect in exhibiting: Comitas, Clementia, I think you abuse Gravitas, Honestas, Pietas, Prudentia, Severitas, Veritas, Aequitas (in regards to saying people who are not members have no right to comment), Clementia (again in regards to dealing with non-Nova Roma people), Concordia (there really is no harmony with you and other people), Fides (I say this mostly in respect to the sights that I have seen where most people don't seem to have good faith in dealing with you), Pudicita (more than once I have seen your name appear with corruption).
> >
> > "3. A Nova Roman Senator shall recognize that appointment to the Senate of Nova Roma is a high honor, reposing trust and responsibility in the Senator. Therefore a Senator will never act in such a way as to bring disgrace upon the Nova Roma Senate or upon Nova Roma herself, and will strive to conduct himself according to the traditional Roman Virtues in all matters touching upon Nova Roma." As explained above, you are lacking in a few virtues, and with the eldest citizens removing themselves from our ranks, you have clearly shown they cannot trust you. This is not an isolated event.
> >
> > "4. A Nova Roman Senator shall keep firmly in mind the mission of the Nova Roman Senate, and the fact that the Senate acts in the service of the Republic. When acting within the scope of Nova Roma, in its Senate, fora, and any other place where the Senator is known to be a Nova Roman Senator, a Senator's actions will be guided by what he believes to be the best interests of Nova Roma." You said you would deny citizenship to a Neo-Nazi, and while I think Neo-Nazis should be eradicated from this world in all manners possible, it is not your place or anyone except the Censors who or who will not become a citizen. Though your initial ideal was noble, that is a strawman argument and does not address the issue of the law. The law is if a person takes the test and passes, they are a Nova Roman citizen. That is all. Nova Roma does not tolerate bigotry nor allow it. So it would be highly unlikely a Neo-Nazi would join, thus your argument is ill placed and moot. Thus showing your desire to strong arm the law into your favor. This is not the best interest of New Rome. These sort of power plays stunt the growth of our beautiful Nova Roma, and should not be allowed. If you were so upset with what transpired, then you yourself should have called for a Consultum Ultimum as outlined within your powers as a Senator. If we are so moved by your desire, and other Senators agree with your ideals, then the Consuls are "forced" to comply. Since no Consultum Ultimum was called, I suspect you do not have the will of the Senate nor the will of the people backing your decision.
> >
> > With these four glaring acts on your part, Senator Lucius Sulla, I do not think you are fit to be in the Senate. If there is a motion for impeachment, I would think now would be the time to do such. If there is no law to impeach a Senator, I implore the Consuls, the Censors, or the Comitia to formulate a law in which those who grossly abuse their powers or "air of authority" are held in check.
> >
> > I am sad that this had to be my first post within the hallowed halls of here, but it is my duty as a Roman, no a Human being, to stand up for what is right and speak out against blatant disregard for what is right and good. To stand up for the Gods when their will is questioned, to stand up when LAWFULLY elected officials are bullied, when appointed officials misrepresent the People and Their Will. I implore all Romans to do the same and speak out for the good of Nova Roma. The government can only do good if we tell them what is good. They can only make those laws that we have shown them that need to be made.
> >
> > To back peddle a bit, I think the honorable Senator Lucius Sulla is intelligent and perceptive. As a Senator I respect and will try to honor him, but from what I have witnessed and viewed either, dear Senator, you have lost your way, or have lied to the people. I pray to the Gods and Iupiter Optimus Maximus that you are merely misguided, that perhaps your duties and desire to better Nova Roma had created too great a zeal. If it is the latter, I fear for Nova Roma and the rocky future we face as others come to exert their power over the citizens.
> >
> > May the Gods watch over us in these troubled times.
> >
> > Valete,
> > Numerius Apollonius Quadratus
> >
> > --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "Robert Woolwine" <l_cornelius_sulla@> wrote:
> > >
> > > REQUEST FOR TRIBUNICIAN INTERCESSIO
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Lucius Cornelius Sulla Felix, citizen and Senator of Nova Roma requests that the Tribunus Plebis issue an intercessio against Marcus Curiatius Complutensis, Consul of Nova Roma and against Marcus Iulius Severus, Consul of Nova Roma on the grounds that their instructions in respect of the recent election for Censor suffectus, held in the comitia centuriata, to "invalidate the tiebreak and order that the sortes are thrown again and with base in the following result, the diribitores should count the votes again" as contained in Message 66963 http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Nova-Roma/message/66963, violates the letter and /or spirit of Section III.B of the Nova Roman Constitution, namely:
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > "While it shall be called to order by either a consul or a praetor, only the comitia centuriata shall pass laws governing the rules by which it shall operate internally."
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > The consuls actions have created a rule by which the processes of the comitia centuriata will be altered in a manner which is not supported in any law passed for that purpose within the comitia centuriata. The consuls and/or Pontifex Maximus cannot create a rule by which the comitia centuriata shall function in relation to tie breaking, otherwise known as the "lot". The change in process will effectively bind future consuls to follow this practice and as such usurps the function of law, and thus violates the letter and /or spirit of Section III.B of the Nova Roman Constitution. The consuls imperium does not extend to overturning the right of the comitia centuriata to determine its own internal processes.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > The specific supporting reasons and/or background information and explanation for this intercessio are.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 1. The intercessio is against both consuls for in the above message Consul Marcus Curiatius Complutensis states "The consuls we have studied the situation derived from the recent extraordinary elections and have asked for advice to the Pontifex Maximus, have both agreed to this most recent action" and also "For this motive we have decided to". Even though message 66963 is only signed by Marcus Curiatius Complutensis, the reference to this being a collegiate decision requires intercessio be issued against both consuls.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 2. Section III.B of the Constitution makes no reference to the manner of breaking ties and the only reference to tie breaking in the Lex Fabia de ratione comitiorum centuriatorum describes the process for doing so as by "lot".
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 3. The dictionary definition, of "lot" in the absence of any definition provided under the Constitution or any lex is "an object used as a counter in determining a question by chance2 a: the use of lots as a means of deciding something b: the resulting choice" http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/lot%5b1] The Lex Fabia de ratione comitiorum requires no more than this as a definition of the process of tie breaking or the "lot" therefore.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 4. Therefore by invalidating the tiebreak the consuls have created a rule that exists outside of the Constitution and the Lex Fabia de ratione comitiorum centuriatorum, and by doing so have violated Section III.B of the Nova Roman Constitution, as quoted above, by usurping the power and/or function of law and the rights of the comitia centuriata.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 5. The consuls have thus illegally and unconstitutionally arrogated the right to create two rules for the operation of an election in the Comitia Centuriata, contarary to Section III.B of the Nova Roman Constitution, namely:
> > > 1. That tie breaks once decided can be invalidated and the tie break repeated.
> > > 2. That the process of the "lot" shall be by dice of a metal or bone construction.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 6. The advice of the Pontifex Maximus is not specific to this election, and therefore cannot have limited effect. The action of the consuls will therefore create a rule that will have to be followed in subsequent elections as it is supposedly based on a religious objection to using plastic dice in the process of tie-breaking or "lot". This action will therefore lead to subsequent consuls also having to bind themselves to this illegal and unconstitutional rule, and thereby place themselves in jeopardy of violating Section III.B of of the Constitution, or risk claims of religious impropriety in the tie breaking or "lot".
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 7. The advice of the Pontifex Maximus is not the policy of the Collegium Pontificum, nor the Collegium Augurum. Further the advice of the Pontifex Maximus ignores the method of public sortition used Ancient Rome, and does not even create an approximation of the religious elements of that sortititon. The advice of the Pontifex Maximus has failed completely to address:
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 1. What ancient Roman model of sortition to use in Nova Roma for tie breaking in the electoral process, be the methodology used in the comitia or the one for provincial allocation, or another.
> > > 2. Which deity would be the counterintuitive agent.
> > > 3. How, when magistrates live in different parts of the world the same implements of sortition would be used by the custodes and the effect on the length of elections that would have.
> > > 4. What the design of the implements of sortition would be, whether it would be a cista or a hydria for the container and what material the lots would be constructed from.
> > > 5. Where the implements would be stored, as traditionally they were housed in the temple of Iuppiter Optimus Maximus.
> > > 6. What rituals would accompany the sortition process.
> > > 7. How Nova Roma would accommodate the requirement for an augural presence in public sortition.
> > > 8. What safeguards would be in place to ensure that errors in the sortition were detected.
> > > 9. What training would be provided to mark out the templum necessary for the performance of public sortition.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 8. The Pontifex Maximus has claimed that Plastic is alleged to be unnatural due to the molecular alteration of its material, and thus cannot have a natural numen, which leads to its inability to receive the numina through which the Gods could influence the outcome. A metal such as bronze, favored by the Pontifex Maximus as an alternative, is an alloy. An alloy "is a partial or complete solid solution of one or more elements in a metallic matrix." (Wikipedia). A solid solution is a solid-state solution of one or more solutes in a solvent.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > When the issue with the use of a polymer in the construction of the die is based on the molecular alteration of the material, consider that a disruption occurs also in solid solutions.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > "The solute may incorporate into the solvent crystal lattice substitutionally, by replacing a solvent particle in the lattice, or interstitially, by fitting into the space between solvent particles. Both of these types of solid solution affect the properties of the material by distorting the crystal lattice and disrupting the physical and electrical homogeneity of the solvent material' (Wikipedia).
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Plastic as the Pontifex Maximus has stated is a polymer is usually a polymer, which is a large molecule of repeating structural units typically connected by covalent chemical bonds.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > A covalent bond is "characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms, or between atoms and other covalent bonds." (Wikipedia). Covalent bonding can occur naturally, for example Hydrogen cyanide, a linear molecule, with a triple bond between carbon and nitrogen, which is present in fruits that have pits, such as cherries. It also has been detected in the interstellar medium. Covalent chemical bonding is not therefore an unatural and artificial process.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > While polymer in popular usage suggests plastic, the term actually refers to a "large class of natural and synthetic materials with a variety of properties." (Wikipedia). Polymers can be either natural or synthetic. Natural polymers would be for example rubber. "Plastic" as a term is therefore too wide a description to be of much use in determining the issue. What was the material used in the construction of the die in question? Was the die acyrilic? Was it resin? Was it polymethyl methacrylate? Was it a cellulose based plastic, either cellulose nitrate or cellulose acetate?
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > The reason for this level of inquiry concerning the material used is that some materials have as their base a naturally occurring substance. For example cellulose nitrate uses cotton as its cellulose base, while cellulose acetate uses cotton or tree pulp. Resins can be naturally occurring or synthetic.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Therefore polymers, which are all based on naturally occurring substances, be they organic materials or chemical elements, share a level of disruption at a molecular level with a solid solution found in alloys, of which bronze is one. Creating an alloy such as bronze involves a chemical process. Additionally when applying chromium, iron, cobalt and copper to a bronze surface, molecular changes take place in the bronze. So if molecular changes take place in bronze, asserted to be a more "natural" substance than a polymer, does this affect its ability to accommodate a numen? There is no evidence of any detailed research into this matter, therefore the issue of molecular changes somehow interfering with the ability of an object to host a numen maybe a substantiated claim or a specious one. There is simply a lack of evidence and research either way.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Consequently the argument that a polymer cannot have a natural numen could be contradictory, given the natural base of the compounds and the fact that bronze, which is assumed to be more "natural" and is a solid solution, has a level of disruption. The chemical processes maybe artificially stimulated but as per covalent bonding, this isn't a man made process, as it occurs in the natural world.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 9. Therefore the Pontifex Maximus has advanced a claim regarding the inability of plastic to host a numen which is unsubstantiated by any detailed research and discussion by the Collegium Pontificum or the Collegium Augurum, and furthermore advances a recommendation for a change in the process of tie breaking or "lot" which would not only be illegal and unconstitutional, but also which is not a historic recreation, nor even an approximation, of the Ancient Roman method of public sortition. There would continue to be a complete lack of religious ritual accompanying the tie breaking thus rendering false or unreliable the claim that the recommended change in the tie breaking process enhances the reliability of the tie breaking or "lot" and in some way represents the will of the Gods or some unspecified God.
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > 10. Finally the "Law of Contagion" which the Pontifex Maximus has referenced as somehow connected to the Religio Romana was first articulated as a "law" as far as can be determined by Sir James George Frazer in his "The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion". No evidence can be found that the Collegium Pontificum has ever researched this matter and determined its role in public sortition rituals in Ancient Rome
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > Therefore the Consuls have not only clearly violated Section III.B of the Nova Roman Constitution, by usurping the right of the comitia centuriata to determine its own internal rules, which is grounds alone for the intercessio, but they have done so based on spurious and/or false and/or poorly researched claims by the Pontifex Maximus concerning the nature of public sortition in Ancient Rome and/or unproven claims regarding the corruption of the current process, and by claiming falsely an enhanced religious component to the tie breaking or "lot" which will effectively bind further consuls to have to decide between also violating this section of the Constitution or risking false claims of religious impropriety in tie breaking.
> > >
> > >
> > > --- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "M.C.C." <complutensis@> wrote:
> > > >
> > > > Salvete
> > > >
> > > > after the expiatory ceremony for the vitium and the re-break of the ties
> > > > using a Nova Roman Sestertius, the will of the citizens of Nova Roma and
> > > > the will of the Gods and Goddesses is that the Censor Suffectus elected
> > > > with 28 centuries is K. Fabius Buteo Modianus.
> > > >
> > > > Valete
> > > >
> > > > M.CVR.COMPLVTENSIS
> > > >
> > >
> >
>
|
|
L. Iulia Aquila A. Tulliae Scholasticae S.P.D.
Good afternoon Magistra amÃcÃÂ…
>Could you please send me a copy of the text privatim? Gratias quam plurimas in >antecessus.
Yes, of course, I will send it off asap~ hopefully hotmail will not eat it;)
Bene valé in pacem deorum
L. Iulia Aquila
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com, "A. Tullia Scholastica" <fororom@...> wrote:
>
> >
> >
> > A. Tullia Scholastica iterum L. Juliae Aquilae quiritibus, sociis,
> > peregrinisque bonae voluntatis S.P.D.
> >
> >
> > Salvete Omnes,
> >
> > In this hour's offerings I am attempting a little Greek, hope it works out ok,
> > if not, I tried:
> >
> > ATS: Unfortunately, Greek (and Cyrillic, probably also Devanagari) do not
> > survive their trip to and from Yahoo. Some can read the Greek in Word
> > attachments, and some cannot, so in the Greek sodalitas we found that using a
> > pdf works best. If the ML still has altered its policy and accepts
> > attachments, then pdf is the answer. Gualterus’ Greek degenerates into number
> > signs and number codes, and yours is an amalgam of Latin letters with
> > diacritics, fractions, paragraph signs, and other goodies of the mathematical
> > sort. Probably if I used my Greek polytonic keyboard, the result would be
> > similar. The alternative, of course, is to transliterate it, using w for
> > omega and h for eta, or using the apex, at least for the latter, as the
> > aspirated consonants also need the h.
> >
> > Could you please send me a copy of the text privatim? Gratias quam
> > plurimas in antecessus.
> >
> > Vale, et valete.
> >
> >
> >
> > Principal Doctrines
> > Epicurus
> >
> > 22. We must consider both the ultimate end and all clear sensory evidence, to
> > which we refer our opinions; for otherwise everything will be full of
> > uncertainty and confusion.
> >
> > ôὸ á½`öåóôçêὸò äåá¿â€" ôÃÂëïò á¼ÂÂðéëïãßæåóèáé êáὶ ðᾶóáàôá½´ÃÂ
> > á¼ÂÂÃÂÜñãåéáÃÂ, á¼ÂÂöʼ á¼£àôá½° äïîáæüìåÃÂá á¼€ÃÂÜãïìåÃÂá· åá¼° äá½² ìá½´ ðÜÃÂôá
> > á¼€êñéóßáò êáὶ ôáñá÷ῆò á¼"óôáé ìåóôÜ.
> >
> > 24. If you reject absolutely any single sensation without stopping to
> > distinguish between opinion about things awaiting confirmation and that which
> > is already confirmed to be present, whether in sensation or in feelings or in
> > any application of intellect to the presentations, you will confuse the rest
> > of your sensations by your groundless opinion and so you will reject every
> > standard of truth. If in your ideas based upon opinion you hastily affirm as
> > true all that awaits confirmation as well as that which does not, you will not
> > avoid error, as you will be maintaining the entire basis for doubt in every
> > judgment between correct and incorrect opinion.
> >
> > åá¼° ôéÃÂʼ á¼ÂÂêâáëåá¿â€"ò á¼ÂÂðëῶò áá¼´óèçóéàêáὶ ìá½´ äéáéñÞóåéò ôὸ
> > äïîáæüìåÃÂïàêáὶ ôὸ ðñïóìÃÂÃÂïàêáὶ ôὸ ðáñὸàἤäç êáôá½° ôá½´ÃÂ
> > áá¼´óèçóéàêáὶ ôá½° ðÜèç êáὶ ðᾶóáàöáÃÂôáóôéêá½´àá¼ÂÂðéâïëá½´àôῆò
> > äéáÃÂïßáò, óõÃÂôáñÜîåéò êáὶ ôá½°ò ëïéðá½°ò áá¼°óèÞóåéò ôῇ ìáôáßῳ äüîá¿Æ',
> > á½¥óôå ôὸ êñéôÞñéïàá¼…ðáàá¼ÂÂêâáëåá¿â€"ò· åá¼° äá½² âåâáéþóåéò êáὶ ôὸ
> > ðñïóìÃÂÃÂïàá¼…ðáàá¼ÂÂàôáá¿â€"ò äïîáóôéêáá¿â€"ò á¼ÂÂÃÂÃÂïßáéò êáὶ ôὸ ìá½´ ôá½´ÃÂ
> > á¼ÂÂðéìáñôýñçóéà<á¼"֕ÃÂ>, ïá½ÂÂê á¼ÂÂêëåßøåéò ôὸ äéåøåõóìÃÂÃÂïÃÂ, ὡò
> > ôåôçñçêá½¼ò á¼"óá¿Æ' ðᾶóáàá¼€ìöéóâÞôçóéàêáôá½° ðᾶóáàêñßóéàôïῦ
> > á½€ñèῶò á¼¢ ìá½´ á½€ñèῶò.
> >
> > 25. If you do not on every occasion refer each of your actions to the ultimate
> > end prescribed by nature, but instead of this in the act of choice or
> > avoidance turn to some other end, your actions will not be consistent with
> > your theories.
> >
> > åá¼° ìá½´ ðáñá½° ðÜÃÂôá êáéñὸàá¼ÂÂðáÃÂïßóåéò ἕêáóôïàôῶàðñáôôïìÃÂÃÂùÃÂ
> > á¼ÂÂðὶ ôὸ ôÃÂëïò ôῆò öýóåùò, á¼€ëëá½° ðñïêáôáóôñÃÂøåéò åá¼´ôå öõãá½´ÃÂ
> > åá¼´ôå äßùîéàðïéïýìåÃÂïò åá¼°ò ἄëëï ôé, ïá½ÂÂê á¼"óïÃÂôáß óïé ôïá¿â€"ò ëüãïéò
> > áá¼± ðñÜîåéò á¼€êüëïõèïé.
> > De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum
> > Marcus Tullius Cicero (on Epicurus)
> > Liber I
> > XVI. It remains to speak of Justice, to complete the list of the virtues; but
> > this admits of practically the same treatment as the others. Wisdom,
> > Temperance, and Courage I have shown to be so closely linked with Pleasure
> > that they cannot possibly be severed or sundered from it. The same must be
> > deemed to be the case with Justice. Not only does Justice never cause anyone
> > harm, but on the contrary it always adds some benefit, partly owing to its
> > essentially tranquilizing influence upon the mind, partly because of the hope
> > that it warrants of a never-failing supply of the things that uncorrupted
> > nature really needs. And just as Rashness, License, and Cowardice ever torment
> > the mind, ever awakening trouble and discord, so Unrighteousness, when firmly
> > rooted in the heart, causes restlessness by the mere fact of its presence; and
> > if once it has found expression in some deed of wickedness, however secret the
> > act, yet it can never feel assured that it will always remain undetected.
> >
> > The usual consequences of crime are, first suspicion, next gossip and rumor,
> > then comes the accuser, then the judge; many wrongdoers have even turned
> > evidence against themselves, as happened in your consulship. And even if any
> > think themselves well fenced and fortified against detection by their fellow
> > men, they still dread the eye of heaven, and fancy that the pangs of anxiety
> > night and day gnawing at their hearts are sent by Providence to punish them.
> > But what can wickedness contribute towards lessening the annoyances of life,
> > commensurate with its effect in increasing them, owing to the burden of a
> > guilty conscience, the penalties of the law and the hatred of one's fellows?
> >
> > Yet nevertheless some men indulge without limit their avarice, ambition and
> > love of power, lust, gluttony and those other desires, which ill-gotten gains
> > can never diminish but rather must inflame the more; inasmuch that they appear
> > proper subjects for restraint rather than for reformation. Men of sound
> > natures, therefore, are summoned by the voice of true reason to justice,
> > equity, and honesty. For one without eloquence or resources dishonesty is not
> > good policy, since it is difficult for such a man to succeed in his designs,
> > or to make good his success when once achieved.
> >
> > On the other hand, for the rich and clever generous conduct seems more in
> > keeping, and liberality wins them affection and good will, the surest means to
> > a life of peace; especially as there really is no motive for transgressing
> > since the desires that spring from nature are easily gratified without doing
> > any man wrong, while those that are imaginary ought to be resisted, for they
> > set their affections upon nothing that is really wanted; while there is more
> > loss inherent in Injustice itself than there is profit in the gains it brings.
> >
> > Hence Justice also cannot correctly be said to be desirable in and for itself;
> > it is so because it is so highly productive of gratification. For esteem and
> > affection are gratifying, because they render life safer and fuller of
> > pleasure. Hence we hold that Unrighteousness is to be avoided not simply on
> > account of the disadvantages that result from being unrighteous, but even far
> > more because when it dwells in a man's heart it never suffers him to breathe
> > freely or know a moment's rest.
> >
> > If then even the glory of the Virtues, on which all the other philosophers
> > love to expatiate so eloquently, has in the last resort no meaning unless it
> > be based on pleasure, whereas pleasure is the only thing that is intrinsically
> > attractive and alluring, it cannot be doubted that pleasure is the one supreme
> > and final Good and that a life of happiness is nothing else than a life of
> > pleasure.
> >
> > Iustitia restat, ut de omni virtute sit dictum. sed similia fere dici possunt.
> > ut enim sapientiam, temperantiam, fortitudinem copulatas esse docui cum
> > voluptate, ut ab ea nullo modo nec divelli nec distrahi possint, sic de
> > iustitia iudicandum est, quae non modo numquam nocet cuiquam, sed contra
> > semper afficit cum vi sua atque natura, quod tranquillat animos, tum spe nihil
> > earum rerum defuturum, quas natura non depravata desiderat. [et] quem ad modum
> > temeritas et libido et ignavia semper animum excruciant et semper sollicitant
> > turbulentaeque sunt, sic [inprobitas si] cuius in mente consedit, hoc ipso,
> > quod adest, turbulenta est; si vero molita quippiam est, quamvis occulte
> > fecerit, numquam tamen id confidet fore semper occultum. plerumque improborum
> > facta primo suspicio insequitur, dein sermo atque fama, tum accusator, tum
> > iudex; Multi etiam, ut te consule, ipsi se indicaverunt. quodsi qui satis sibi
> > contra hominum conscientiam saepti esse et muniti videntur, deorum tamen
> > horrent easque ipsas sollicitudines, quibus eorum animi noctesque diesque
> > exeduntur, a diis inmortalibus supplicii causa importari putant. quae autem
> > tanta ex improbis factis ad minuendas vitae molestias accessio potest fieri,
> > quanta ad augendas, cum conscientia factorum, tum poena legum odioque civium?
> > et tamen in quibusdam neque pecuniae modus est neque honoris neque imperii nec
> > libidinum nec epularum nec reliquarum cupiditatum, quas nulla praeda umquam
> > improbe parta minuit, [sed] potius inflammat, ut coercendi magis quam
> > dedocendi esse videantur.
> >
> > Invitat igitur vera ratio bene sanos ad iustitiam, aequitatem, fidem, neque
> > homini infanti aut inpotenti iniuste facta conducunt, qui nec facile efficere
> > possit, quod conetur, nec optinere, si effecerit, et opes vel fortunae vel
> > ingenii liberalitati magis conveniunt, qua qui utuntur, benivolentiam sibi
> > conciliant et, quod aptissimum est ad quiete vivendum, caritatem, praesertim
> > cum omnino nulla sit causa peccandi. Quae enim cupiditates a natura
> > proficiscuntur, facile explentur sine ulla iniuria, quae autem inanes sunt,
> > iis parendum non est. nihil enim desiderabile concupiscunt, plusque in ipsa
> > iniuria detrimenti est quam in iis rebus emolumenti, quae pariuntur iniuria.
> > Itaque ne iustitiam quidem recte quis dixerit per se ipsam optabilem, sed quia
> > iucunditatis vel plurimum afferat. nam diligi et carum esse iucundum est
> > propterea, quia tutiorem vitam et voluptatem pleniorem efficit. itaque non ob
> > ea solum incommoda, quae eveniunt inprobis, fugiendam inprobitatem putamus,
> > sed multo etiam magis, quod, cuius in animo versatur, numquam sinit eum
> > respirare, numquam adquiescere.
> >
> > Quodsi ne ipsarum quidem virtutum laus, in qua maxime ceterorum philosophorum
> > exultat oratio, reperire exitum potest, nisi derigatur ad voluptatem, voluptas
> > autem est sola, quae nos vocet ad se et alliciat suapte natura, non potest
> > esse dubium, quin id sit summum atque extremum bonorum omnium, beateque vivere
> > nihil aliud sit nisi cum voluptate vivere.
> >
> > Valete,
> > Julia
> >
> >
>
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|
Re: [Nova-Roma] Re: Classic Poetry, Prose, Proems, Literature Excerpts
A. Tullia Scholastica (drowning in ML posts) L. Juliae Aquilae quiritibus, sociis, peregrinisque bonae voluntatis S.P.D.
L. Iulia Aquila A. Tulliae Scholasticae S.P.D.
Good afternoon Magistra amící∑
>Could you please send me a copy of the text privatim? Gratias quam plurimas in >antecessus.
Yes, of course, I will send it off asap~ hopefully hotmail will not eat it;)
ATS: Received, with Greek intact and beautiful. Gratias quam plurimas!
Bene valé in pacem deorum
L. Iulia Aquila
Vale, et valete.
--- In Nova-Roma@yahoogroups.com <mailto:Nova-Roma%40yahoogroups.com> , "A. Tullia Scholastica" <fororom@...> wrote:
>
> >
> >
> > A. Tullia Scholastica iterum L. Juliae Aquilae quiritibus, sociis,
> > peregrinisque bonae voluntatis S.P.D.
> >
> >
> > Salvete Omnes,
> >
> > In this hour's offerings I am attempting a little Greek, hope it works out ok,
> > if not, I tried:
> >
> > ATS: Unfortunately, Greek (and Cyrillic, probably also Devanagari) do not
> > survive their trip to and from Yahoo. Some can read the Greek in Word
> > attachments, and some cannot, so in the Greek sodalitas we found that using a
> > pdf works best. If the ML still has altered its policy and accepts
> > attachments, then pdf is the answer. Gualterusâ•˙ Greek degenerates into number
> > signs and number codes, and yours is an amalgam of Latin letters with
> > diacritics, fractions, paragraph signs, and other goodies of the mathematical
> > sort. Probably if I used my Greek polytonic keyboard, the result would be
> > similar. The alternative, of course, is to transliterate it, using w for
> > omega and h for eta, or using the apex, at least for the latter, as the
> > aspirated consonants also need the h.
> >
> > Could you please send me a copy of the text privatim? Gratias quam
> > plurimas in antecessus.
> >
> > Vale, et valete.
> >
> >
> >
> > Principal Doctrines
> > Epicurus
> >
> > 22. We must consider both the ultimate end and all clear sensory evidence, to
> > which we refer our opinions; for otherwise everything will be full of
> > uncertainty and confusion.
> >
> > ôáÂ∏¸ áÂ∏`öÃ¥ÓôçêáÂ∏¸Ô ÀÃ¥á¿â•" Ã´ÃˇÃ«Ã&hibar;Ô áÂπÂ∆ðéëÃ&hibar;ãÃÜÃ¥Óèáé êááÂ∏¶ ðáÂ≤¶ÓáÖ ôáÂ∏´Ö
> > áÂπÂ∆Ã–Ã˛Ã±Ã£Ã¥éáÖ, áÂπÂ∆öÅÂπ áÂπ£Ö ôáÂ∏° ÀÃ&hibar;îáÜÃπìÃ¥Öá áÂπâ≠¬Ã–Ã˛Ã£Ã&hibar;ìÃ¥ÖᷠåáÂπ° ÀáÂ∏” ìáÂ∏´ Ã°Ã˛Ã–Ã´Ã¡
> > áÂπâ≠¬ÃªÃ±Ã©Ã“ÃáÔ êááÂ∏¶ ôáñá÷á¿â•Â Ô áÂπ"Óôáé ìÃÂ¥Ã“Ã´Ã˛.
> >
> > 24. If you reject absolutely any single sensation without stopping to
> > distinguish between opinion about things awaiting confirmation and that which
> > is already confirmed to be present, whether in sensation or in feelings or in
> > any application of intellect to the presentations, you will confuse the rest
> > of your sensations by your groundless opinion and so you will reject every
> > standard of truth. If in your ideas based upon opinion you hastily affirm as
> > true all that awaits confirmation as well as that which does not, you will not
> > avoid error, as you will be maintaining the entire basis for doubt in every
> > judgment between correct and incorrect opinion.
> >
> > Ã¥áÂπ° ôéÖÅÂπ áÂπÂ∆êâáëÃ¥á¿â•"Ô áÂπ™ðëῶÔ ááÂπ´ÓèçÓéÖ êááÂ∏¶ ìáÂ∏´ ÀéáéñÃıÓÃ¥éÔ ôáÂ∏¸
> > ÀÃ&hibar;îáÜÃπìÃ¥ÖÃ&hibar;Ö êááÂ∏¶ ôáÂ∏¸ ðñÃ&hibar;Ã“Ã¬ÃˇÃ–Ã&hibar;Ö êááÂ∏¶ ôáÂ∏¸ ðáñáÂ∏¸Ö áÂπ€Àç êáôáÂ∏° ôáÂ∏´Ö
> > ááÂπ´ÓèçÓéÖ êááÂ∏¶ ôáÂ∏° Ã°Ã˛Ã¨Ã§ êááÂ∏¶ ðáÂ≤¶ÓáÖ öáÖôáÓôéêáÂ∏´Ö áÂπÂ∆ðéâÃ&hibar;ëáÂ∏´Ö ôá¿â•Â Ô
> > ÀéáÖÃ&hibar;ÃáÔ, Ã“ÃµÃ–Ã´Ã¡Ã±Ã˛Ã®Ã¥éÔ êááÂ∏¶ ôáÂ∏°Ô ëÃ&hibar;éðáÂ∏°Ô ááÂπ°ÓèÃıÓÃ¥éÔ ôá¿╡ ìáôáÃΐ ÀÃπîá¿Æ',
> > áÂ∏Â¥ÓôÃÂ¥ ôáÂ∏¸ êñéôÃıñéÃ&hibar;Ö áÂπ╜ðáÖ áÂπÂ∆êâáëÃ¥á¿â•"Ô· Ã¥áÂπ° ÀáÂ∏” âÃ¥âáéÃ≤ÓÃ¥éÔ êááÂ∏¶ ôáÂ∏¸
> > ðñÃ&hibar;Ã“Ã¬ÃˇÃ–Ã&hibar;Ö áÂπ╜ðáÖ áÂπÂ∆Ö ôáá¿â•"Ô ÀÃ&hibar;îáÓôéêáá¿â•"Ô áÂπÂ∆ÖÖÃ&hibar;ÃáéÔ êááÂ∏¶ ôáÂ∏¸ ìáÂ∏´ ôáÂ∏´Ö
> > áÂπÂ∆ðéìáñôÃ∏ñçÓéÖ <áÂπ"÷Ã&hibar;Ö>, Ã&hibar;áÂ∏Â∆ê áÂπÂ∆êëÃ¥ÃøÃ¥éÔ ôáÂ∏¸ ÀéÃ¥øÃÂ¥ÃµÃ“Ã¬ÃˇÃ–Ã&hibar;Ö, áÂ∏¡Ô
> > ôÃ¥ôçñçêáÂ∏ÂπÔ áÂπ"Óá¿Æ' ðáÂ≤¶ÓáÖ áÂπâ≠¬Ã¬Ã¶Ã©Ã“âÃıôçÓéÖ êáôáÂ∏° ðáÂ≤¶ÓáÖ êñÃÓéÖ ôÃ&hibar;῜
> > áÂ∏â≠¬Ã±Ã¨Ã¡Â¿Â¶Ã” áÂπ¢ ìáÂ∏´ áÂ∏â≠¬Ã±Ã¨Ã¡Â¿Â¶Ã”.
> >
> > 25. If you do not on every occasion refer each of your actions to the ultimate
> > end prescribed by nature, but instead of this in the act of choice or
> > avoidance turn to some other end, your actions will not be consistent with
> > your theories.
> >
> > Ã¥áÂπ° ìáÂ∏´ ðáñáÂ∏° Ã°Ã˛Ã–Ã´Ã¡ êáéñáÂ∏¸Ö áÂπÂ∆ðáÖÃ&hibar;ÃÓÃ¥éÔ áÂπ╢êáÓôÃ&hibar;Ö ôῶÖ ðñáôôÃ&hibar;Ã¬ÃˇÃ–Ã’Ã–
> > áÂπÂ∆ðáÂ∏¶ ôáÂ∏¸ Ã´ÃˇÃ«Ã&hibar;Ô ôá¿â•Â Ô öÃ∏ÓÃ¥ÒÔ, áÂπâ≠¬Ã«Ã«Ã¡Â∏° ðñÃ&hibar;ÃªÃ¡Ã´Ã¡Ã“Ã´Ã±ÃˇÃ¸Ã¥éÔ Ã¥áÂπ´ôÃÂ¥ öõãáÂ∏´Ö
> > Ã¥áÂπ´ôÃÂ¥ ÀÃÒîéÖ ðÃ&hibar;éÃ&hibar;Ã∏ìÃ¥ÖÃ&hibar;Ô Ã¥áÂπ°Ô áÂπâ•ıëëÃ&hibar; ôé, Ã&hibar;áÂ∏Â∆ê áÂπ"ÓÃ&hibar;Öôáà ÓÃ&hibar;é ôÃ&hibar;á¿â•"Ô ëÃπãÃ&hibar;éÔ
> > ááÂπ± Ã°Ã±Ã˛Ã®Ã¥éÔ áÂπâ≠¬ÃªÃπëÃ&hibar;õèÃ&hibar;é.
> > De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum
> > Marcus Tullius Cicero (on Epicurus)
> > Liber I
> > XVI. It remains to speak of Justice, to complete the list of the virtues; but
> > this admits of practically the same treatment as the others. Wisdom,
> > Temperance, and Courage I have shown to be so closely linked with Pleasure
> > that they cannot possibly be severed or sundered from it. The same must be
> > deemed to be the case with Justice. Not only does Justice never cause anyone
> > harm, but on the contrary it always adds some benefit, partly owing to its
> > essentially tranquilizing influence upon the mind, partly because of the hope
> > that it warrants of a never-failing supply of the things that uncorrupted
> > nature really needs. And just as Rashness, License, and Cowardice ever torment
> > the mind, ever awakening trouble and discord, so Unrighteousness, when firmly
> > rooted in the heart, causes restlessness by the mere fact of its presence; and
> > if once it has found expression in some deed of wickedness, however secret the
> > act, yet it can never feel assured that it will always remain undetected.
> >
> > The usual consequences of crime are, first suspicion, next gossip and rumor,
> > then comes the accuser, then the judge; many wrongdoers have even turned
> > evidence against themselves, as happened in your consulship. And even if any
> > think themselves well fenced and fortified against detection by their fellow
> > men, they still dread the eye of heaven, and fancy that the pangs of anxiety
> > night and day gnawing at their hearts are sent by Providence to punish them.
> > But what can wickedness contribute towards lessening the annoyances of life,
> > commensurate with its effect in increasing them, owing to the burden of a
> > guilty conscience, the penalties of the law and the hatred of one's fellows?
> >
> > Yet nevertheless some men indulge without limit their avarice, ambition and
> > love of power, lust, gluttony and those other desires, which ill-gotten gains
> > can never diminish but rather must inflame the more; inasmuch that they appear
> > proper subjects for restraint rather than for reformation. Men of sound
> > natures, therefore, are summoned by the voice of true reason to justice,
> > equity, and honesty. For one without eloquence or resources dishonesty is not
> > good policy, since it is difficult for such a man to succeed in his designs,
> > or to make good his success when once achieved.
> >
> > On the other hand, for the rich and clever generous conduct seems more in
> > keeping, and liberality wins them affection and good will, the surest means to
> > a life of peace; especially as there really is no motive for transgressing
> > since the desires that spring from nature are easily gratified without doing
> > any man wrong, while those that are imaginary ought to be resisted, for they
> > set their affections upon nothing that is really wanted; while there is more
> > loss inherent in Injustice itself than there is profit in the gains it brings.
> >
> > Hence Justice also cannot correctly be said to be desirable in and for itself;
> > it is so because it is so highly productive of gratification. For esteem and
> > affection are gratifying, because they render life safer and fuller of
> > pleasure. Hence we hold that Unrighteousness is to be avoided not simply on
> > account of the disadvantages that result from being unrighteous, but even far
> > more because when it dwells in a man's heart it never suffers him to breathe
> > freely or know a moment's rest.
> >
> > If then even the glory of the Virtues, on which all the other philosophers
> > love to expatiate so eloquently, has in the last resort no meaning unless it
> > be based on pleasure, whereas pleasure is the only thing that is intrinsically
> > attractive and alluring, it cannot be doubted that pleasure is the one supreme
> > and final Good and that a life of happiness is nothing else than a life of
> > pleasure.
> >
> > Iustitia restat, ut de omni virtute sit dictum. sed similia fere dici possunt.
> > ut enim sapientiam, temperantiam, fortitudinem copulatas esse docui cum
> > voluptate, ut ab ea nullo modo nec divelli nec distrahi possint, sic de
> > iustitia iudicandum est, quae non modo numquam nocet cuiquam, sed contra
> > semper afficit cum vi sua atque natura, quod tranquillat animos, tum spe nihil
> > earum rerum defuturum, quas natura non depravata desiderat. [et] quem ad modum
> > temeritas et libido et ignavia semper animum excruciant et semper sollicitant
> > turbulentaeque sunt, sic [inprobitas si] cuius in mente consedit, hoc ipso,
> > quod adest, turbulenta est; si vero molita quippiam est, quamvis occulte
> > fecerit, numquam tamen id confidet fore semper occultum. plerumque improborum
> > facta primo suspicio insequitur, dein sermo atque fama, tum accusator, tum
> > iudex; Multi etiam, ut te consule, ipsi se indicaverunt. quodsi qui satis sibi
> > contra hominum conscientiam saepti esse et muniti videntur, deorum tamen
> > horrent easque ipsas sollicitudines, quibus eorum animi noctesque diesque
> > exeduntur, a diis inmortalibus supplicii causa importari putant. quae autem
> > tanta ex improbis factis ad minuendas vitae molestias accessio potest fieri,
> > quanta ad augendas, cum conscientia factorum, tum poena legum odioque civium?
> > et tamen in quibusdam neque pecuniae modus est neque honoris neque imperii nec
> > libidinum nec epularum nec reliquarum cupiditatum, quas nulla praeda umquam
> > improbe parta minuit, [sed] potius inflammat, ut coercendi magis quam
> > dedocendi esse videantur.
> >
> > Invitat igitur vera ratio bene sanos ad iustitiam, aequitatem, fidem, neque
> > homini infanti aut inpotenti iniuste facta conducunt, qui nec facile efficere
> > possit, quod conetur, nec optinere, si effecerit, et opes vel fortunae vel
> > ingenii liberalitati magis conveniunt, qua qui utuntur, benivolentiam sibi
> > conciliant et, quod aptissimum est ad quiete vivendum, caritatem, praesertim
> > cum omnino nulla sit causa peccandi. Quae enim cupiditates a natura
> > proficiscuntur, facile explentur sine ulla iniuria, quae autem inanes sunt,
> > iis parendum non est. nihil enim desiderabile concupiscunt, plusque in ipsa
> > iniuria detrimenti est quam in iis rebus emolumenti, quae pariuntur iniuria.
> > Itaque ne iustitiam quidem recte quis dixerit per se ipsam optabilem, sed quia
> > iucunditatis vel plurimum afferat. nam diligi et carum esse iucundum est
> > propterea, quia tutiorem vitam et voluptatem pleniorem efficit. itaque non ob
> > ea solum incommoda, quae eveniunt inprobis, fugiendam inprobitatem putamus,
> > sed multo etiam magis, quod, cuius in animo versatur, numquam sinit eum
> > respirare, numquam adquiescere.
> >
> > Quodsi ne ipsarum quidem virtutum laus, in qua maxime ceterorum philosophorum
> > exultat oratio, reperire exitum potest, nisi derigatur ad voluptatem, voluptas
> > autem est sola, quae nos vocet ad se et alliciat suapte natura, non potest
> > esse dubium, quin id sit summum atque extremum bonorum omnium, beateque vivere
> > nihil aliud sit nisi cum voluptate vivere.
> >
> > Valete,
> > Julia
> >
> >
>
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